review. neolithic revolution agricultural revolution agricultural revolution shift to farming; no...
TRANSCRIPT
ReviewReview
Neolithic RevolutionNeolithic Revolution
Agricultural revolutionAgricultural revolution Shift to farming; no more Shift to farming; no more
hunters & gatherershunters & gatherers Domestication of animalsDomestication of animals
Rise of a CivilizationRise of a Civilization
CitiesCities Central Central governmentsgovernments
Social classesSocial classes
Traditional Traditional economyeconomy
Organized Organized religionreligion
Art & Art & architecturearchitecture
Roads, Roads, bridges, & bridges, & other public other public worksworks
System of System of writingwriting
Specialized Specialized jobsjobs
River ValleysRiver Valleys
Fertile soilFertile soil Located on riversLocated on rivers
Mesopotamia River ValleyMesopotamia River Valley
Tigris & EuphratesTigris & Euphrates Hammurabi- Babylon- Hammurabi- Babylon-
Hammurabi’s Code of LawHammurabi’s Code of Law Sumerians- 1Sumerians- 1stst wheeled vehicles wheeled vehicles
& ziggurats& ziggurats cuneiform cuneiform
Indus River ValleyIndus River Valley
Planned citiesPlanned cities MonsoonsMonsoons IrrigationIrrigation Harappa- planned citiesHarappa- planned cities
Ancient EgyptAncient Egypt
Nile River ValleyNile River Valley Hieroglyphics, surgery, Hieroglyphics, surgery,
pyramidspyramids PolytheisticCalendarPolytheisticCalendar FloodingFlooding DeltaDelta pharoahpharoah
Yellow River ValleyYellow River Valley
ChinaChina Dynastic cycleDynastic cycle Mandate of heavenMandate of heaven Middle KingdomMiddle Kingdom Pictographs & ideographsPictographs & ideographs
GreeceGreece
Pericles- direct democracyPericles- direct democracy Alexander the Great- Hellenistic Alexander the Great- Hellenistic
CultureCulture City states b/c of mountainsCity states b/c of mountains Athens- democracyAthens- democracy Sparta- militaristic society; strict; Sparta- militaristic society; strict;
orderlyorderly Socrates, Plato, Galileo- Socrates, Plato, Galileo-
philosophersphilosophers
Ancient RomeAncient Rome
PeninsulaPeninsula Low mountainsLow mountains Republic to Empire (Caesar)Republic to Empire (Caesar) Augustus- Pax RomanaAugustus- Pax Romana Constantine- ChristianityConstantine- Christianity Buildings mighty & grandBuildings mighty & grand Arch, vault, domeArch, vault, dome Roman lawRoman law CaesarCaesar Augustus- Pax RomanaAugustus- Pax Romana RoadsRoads
Fall of RomeFall of Rome
Expansion growsExpansion grows Punic Wars (wars over Punic Wars (wars over
Carthage)Carthage) Wide gap between rich & Wide gap between rich &
poorpoor Farmers lose jobsFarmers lose jobs corruptioncorruption
Byzantine EmpireByzantine Empire Eastern ½ of Roman EmpireEastern ½ of Roman Empire ConstantinopleConstantinople Justinian Code of LawsJustinian Code of Laws Eastern Orthodox ChristianityEastern Orthodox Christianity Hagia SophiaHagia Sophia Golden AgeGolden Age Cultural diffusion to RussiaCultural diffusion to Russia Cyrillic alphabetCyrillic alphabet
Middle AgesMiddle Ages
Charlemagne- Frankish kingCharlemagne- Frankish king FeudalismFeudalism Manor economy- self sufficientManor economy- self sufficient Age of Faith- Church importantAge of Faith- Church important Crusades- fight over PalestineCrusades- fight over Palestine
Religious hatredReligious hatred
Middle AgesMiddle Ages
Plague; Black Death; rise of Plague; Black Death; rise of witchcraftwitchcraft
England & France DevelopEngland & France Develop
Centralized GovtCentralized Govt: policies of English : policies of English & French kings applied to all& French kings applied to all
CourtsCourts: led to unified body of law in : led to unified body of law in England & an appeals court in England & an appeals court in FranceFrance
Magna CartaMagna Carta: guarantees basic : guarantees basic rightsrights
Parliament/ Estates GeneralParliament/ Estates General: : included commoners & middle class included commoners & middle class in making lawsin making laws
RenaissanceRenaissance
ItalyItaly Golden ageGolden age Guilds have powerGuilds have power Humanism- human potential & Humanism- human potential &
achievementachievement Machiavelli- Machiavelli- The PrinceThe Prince- “end - “end
justifies means”justifies means”
Rise of capitalism (Commercial Rev)Rise of capitalism (Commercial Rev) Partnerships & Joint Stock CompaniesPartnerships & Joint Stock Companies BankingBanking InsuranceInsurance
perspectiveperspective Michelangelo, Donatello, Da VinciMichelangelo, Donatello, Da Vinci Dante, Cervantes, ShakespeareDante, Cervantes, Shakespeare Wrote in vernacular (everyday Wrote in vernacular (everyday
language of ppl)language of ppl)
Printing PressPrinting Press
GutenbergGutenberg Spread ideas rapidlySpread ideas rapidly Came from Chinese block Came from Chinese block
printingprinting
ReformationReformation
Church corruptChurch corrupt Luther’s 95 ThesesLuther’s 95 Theses
indulgencesindulgences Calvin- predestinationCalvin- predestination Counter Reformation- Council of Counter Reformation- Council of
TrentTrent
Scientific RevolutionScientific Revolution
New way of thinking @ natural New way of thinking @ natural worldworld
Copernicus- heliocentric sun Copernicus- heliocentric sun centered theory vs. geocentric centered theory vs. geocentric (Church theory)(Church theory)
GalileoGalileo Newton- gravityNewton- gravity
AfricaAfrica Bantu migrations- search for foodBantu migrations- search for food Nile RiverNile River Sahara Desert & savannasSahara Desert & savannas Ghana, Mali, Songhai- Gold & Salt Ghana, Mali, Songhai- Gold & Salt
tradetrade Mansa Musa- Muslim- Mali; made Mansa Musa- Muslim- Mali; made
Timbuktu a learning centerTimbuktu a learning center Aksum- Christianity- terrace farmingAksum- Christianity- terrace farming
Tang & SongTang & Song
Confucius- civil service examConfucius- civil service exam Filial pietyFilial piety Porcelain Porcelain Mechanical clockMechanical clock Paper moneyPaper money Gun powderGun powder
Marco Polo & Ibn Battuta- Marco Polo & Ibn Battuta- traveled & recorded what they traveled & recorded what they saw & brought their ideas back saw & brought their ideas back w/ them= Cultural diffusion!!w/ them= Cultural diffusion!!
MongolsMongols
Ghengis KhanGhengis Khan Kublai KhanKublai Khan Empire buildersEmpire builders Took over ChinaTook over China
Japan Japan
FeudalismFeudalism Cultural diffusion from China Cultural diffusion from China
through “cultural bridge” of through “cultural bridge” of KoreaKorea
IndiaIndia
Ganges River- sacred river for Ganges River- sacred river for HinduismHinduism
MonsoonsMonsoons Gupta- Golden Age- astronomy, Gupta- Golden Age- astronomy,
medicine, surgery, mathmedicine, surgery, math Mauryan Empire- Asoka- Mauryan Empire- Asoka-
tolerancetolerance Extensive roadsExtensive roads
Muslim Golden AgeMuslim Golden Age
EducationEducation Art & architecture (mosques)Art & architecture (mosques) Algebra, astronomy, doctor Algebra, astronomy, doctor
examsexams Large trade networkLarge trade network Spread to Christian EuropeSpread to Christian Europe
Ottomans (Muslims)Ottomans (Muslims)
Sacked ConstantinopleSacked Constantinople Cannons & musketsCannons & muskets Suleiman- Golden AgeSuleiman- Golden Age
ExplorationExploration
Gold, Glory, GodGold, Glory, God Spain & PortugalSpain & Portugal Zheng He- establishes trade Zheng He- establishes trade
routes/ exploration for Chinaroutes/ exploration for China
MesoamericaMesoamerica
Mayas (Mexico- Central Mayas (Mexico- Central America); writing system; America); writing system; calendar; temples; sacrifices; calendar; temples; sacrifices; polytheisticpolytheistic
Aztecs (Valley of Mexico); Aztecs (Valley of Mexico); warriorswarriors
Incas (Andes Mountains); Incas (Andes Mountains); terrace farming, road systemterrace farming, road system
Key ExplorersKey Explorers
Vasco da GamaVasco da Gama: followed Dias’s : followed Dias’s route & traveled across the Indian route & traveled across the Indian Ocean to an Indian portOcean to an Indian port
Bartholomeu DiasBartholomeu Dias: rounded Cape of : rounded Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Good Hope at the southern tip of AfricaAfrica
Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus: tried to find : tried to find a trade route to Asia & ended up in a trade route to Asia & ended up in the Caribbean Islandsthe Caribbean Islands
Ferdinand MagellanFerdinand Magellan: Portuguese : Portuguese explorer for Spain; 1explorer for Spain; 1stst circumnavigation of the worldcircumnavigation of the world
ImperialismImperialism
Domination by one country of Domination by one country of the political and/or economic the political and/or economic life of another countrylife of another country
Europe’s activities in Asia, Europe’s activities in Asia, Africa, & the Americas Africa, & the Americas foreshadowed European foreshadowed European imperialismimperialism
Imperialism in AmericasImperialism in Americas
Spanish Spanish conquistadors conquistadors come in search come in search of gold & to of gold & to convert convert inhabitants to inhabitants to ChristianityChristianity
Cortes conquers Cortes conquers AztecsAztecs
Pizarro destroys Pizarro destroys IncasIncas
Reasons for Spanish SuccessReasons for Spanish Success
Armor, horses, powerful Armor, horses, powerful weaponsweapons
Found alliances among Native Found alliances among Native Ams. Who hated being ruled by Ams. Who hated being ruled by the Aztecs or Incasthe Aztecs or Incas
Diseases killed Native Diseases killed Native AmericansAmericans
Mercantilism- Columbian Mercantilism- Columbian ExchangeExchange
Joint stock companies grew Joint stock companies grew since they allowed Europeans since they allowed Europeans to gather money necessary to to gather money necessary to finance overseas voyagesfinance overseas voyages
Building up national wealth by Building up national wealth by exporting more goods than exporting more goods than the nation importedthe nation imported
Atlantic Slave TradeAtlantic Slave Trade
Slaves to replace natives that Slaves to replace natives that were killedwere killed
Middle PassageMiddle Passage