REVIEW MAPWORK EXAM QUESTIONS 31 JULY 2014

Lesson Description

In this lesson we:

Focus on key concepts and exam questions relating to GIS.

Test Yourself

Question 1

The most important component of a GIS is identified as...

A. software.

B. hardware.

C. data.

D. methods.

Question 2

GIS without a computer is referred to as...

A. geo referencing.

B. paper GIS.

C. orthorectifying.

D. spatial analysis

Question 3

This map feature is NOT classified as vector data.

A. points

B. lines

C. images

D. polygons

Question 4

This aspect cannot be classified as attribute data.

A. fields

B. columns

C. tables

D. location

Question 5

This cannot be classified as a type of resolution.

A. spectral

B. temporal

C. spatial

D. raster

Summary

Geographical Information Systems

Spatial Data; Stored Data; Manipulated Data

Components of GIS

PEOPLE: the operator or the user

HARD WARE: components of a computer e.g. monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer, scanner.

SOFTWARE: programs

DATA: spatial and attribute procedure or method

GIS Data

Spatial

Location and the shape

Attribute

Description quantity and quality of a geographical feature

An example of a GIS Application

GIS Applications

Data Input (Data Capturing)

Remote sensing, interviews, scanning, digitizing.

Urban Growth:

225 New Townhouses (2000 -2002)

Agricultural:

Crop Type Mapping

Storage of Data

Raster format and vector format.

Thematic Layers on Maps

Data Output (Data Display)

Maps, images, pictures, tales

Natural Disasters:

Flooding

GIS Applications

Population

Bio-Diversity

Global Warming

Urbanization

Pollution

Congestion

Conservation

Land Use

Oceans

Business Efficiency

Water

Development

Crime

Health

Education

Logistics

Energy

Defense / Security

Environment

Government

Globalization

Agriculture/Food

Public Safety

Remote Sensing

Collect data of a geographical feature from a distance above the earth using satellites and aircrafts

Types of Remote Sensing

Passive remote sensing: simple record the radiation reflected by the earth. E.g. camera.

Active remote sensing: sensors send signals to the earth surface and record how it is reflected back e.g. airborne radar ; ocean bed – sonar e.g. Titanic

0

50

100

150

200

50 year 100 year RMF

Informal

formal

Application of Remote Sensing

Visible light camera

Infra red sensor: senses heat, used by military, water temperature

Radio Detection And Ranging (Radar) Sensor: measure speed, and direction of an object, size of an object; amplitude of ocean currents.

Light Detection And Ranging (LIDAR): greenhouse monitoring in the atmosphere.(global warming trends)

Earth Monitoring Satellite ( LANDSAT): land cover and land use, weather and climate, mining,

Improve your Skills

Question 1

(Adapted from Exemplar 2008, DBE, Paper 2, Question 4.1)

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) can store, manage, analyse and display data. To manage the data in GIS you must look at the different parts that make up the system. Name any TWO parts of GIS that make up the system. (2 x 2) (4)

Question 2

(Adapted from Nov 2009, DBE, Paper 2, Question 4.2)

Topographical Map of Brits

The diagram below illustrates the concept of data layering.

2.1 Explain the meaning of the term data layering. (1 x 2) (2)

2.2 Name any TWO layers of information that one can identify in block G3 on the topographical map. (2 x 2) (4)

Question 3

(Adapted from Nov 2010, DBE, Paper 2, Question 4.3)

Topographical Map of Brits

Data Integration is the process of combining different sets of information for a purpose of decision making. Discuss TWO sets of data that a farmer will use in block A5

Question 4

(Adapted from Nov 2011, DBE, Paper 2, Question 4.1)

Choose a term from COLUMN B that matches a description in COLUMN A.

(3 x 2) (6)

Question 5

(Adapted from Nov 2012, DBE, Paper 2, Question 4.4)

Topographical Map of Brits

GIS allows us to use thematic layers on maps. Refer to the topographic map and identify TWO layers of information that were used in compiling the topographical map.

Question 6

(Adapted from Nov 2013, DBE, Paper 2, Question 4.3)

Port Elizabeth

Which one of the Topographical Map or the Photograph is a raster data.