retention index

27
Retention Indices for Most Frequently Reported Essential Oil Compounds in GC Valeri I. Babushok 1 and Igor G. Zenkevich 2 (1 ) KTC Consulting, 14 Hartley Place, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA (2 ) Chemical Research Institute of St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia 3 Analysis of RI Data Distributions. Data Presentation We used the GC retention index database developed at NIST [5 ] to obtain evaluated RI values for most frequently reported compounds. The commonly reported compounds with the largest numbers of data-records were determined using the database (Table 1 ). The list of most frequently reported compounds was generated based on the number of data records available for compounds. The following describes our procedure for treatment of retention data of these compounds. The list of compounds includes mainly the compounds of essential oils. We limited our analysis to the first 100 most commonly identified compounds in GC, based on the number of data-records available for these compounds. Only compounds with more than 30 data-records for each stationary phase were considered. Table 1 Retention indices for most frequently reported essential oil compounds Name Phase a Median value Literatur e data b 2,3- Butanedione Methylsilicon e 565 655 [8 ] 5%Phe-Me-Sil 595 593 [8 ] PEG 979 970 [8 ] 3- Methylbutanal Methylsilicon e 631 641 [8 ], 626–628 [21 ] 5%Phe-Me-Sil 652 650 [8 ], 647–650 [21 ] PEG 917 1,649– 1,667 [21 ], 917 [22 ]

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Page 1: retention index

Retention Indices for Most Frequently Reported Essential Oil Compounds in GC

Valeri I. Babushok1  and Igor G. Zenkevich2

(1) KTC Consulting, 14 Hartley Place, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA(2) Chemical Research Institute of St. Petersburg State University, St.

Petersburg, Russia

3   Analysis of RI Data Distributions. Data PresentationWe used the GC retention index database developed at NIST [5] to obtain evaluated RI values for most frequently reported compounds. The commonly reported compounds with the largest numbers of data-records were determined using the database (Table 1). The list of most frequently reported compounds was generated based on the number of data records available for compounds. The following describes our procedure for treatment of retention data of these compounds. The list of compounds includes mainly the compounds of essential oils. We limited our analysis to the first 100 most commonly identified compounds in GC, based on the number of data-records available for these compounds. Only compounds with more than 30 data-records for each stationary phase were considered.Table 1 Retention indices for most frequently reported essential oil compounds

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

2,3-Butanedione Methylsilicone 565 655 [8]

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

5%Phe-Me-Sil 595 593 [8]

PEG 979 970 [8]

3-Methylbutanal

Methylsilicone 631641 [8], 626–

628 [21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 652650 [8], 647–

650 [21]

PEG 9171,649–1,667

[21], 917 [22]

3-Methyl-1-butanol

Methylsilicone 719736 [8], 718–

719 [21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 736736 [8], 731–

732 [21]

PEG 1,208

1,205 [8], 1,201–1,206 [21], 1,215

[22]

TolueneMethylsilicone 752

756 [8], 744–750 [21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 768 760–766 [21]

Page 2: retention index

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

PEG 1,039

1,042 [8], 1,305–1,316 [21], 1,040

[22]

Pentanol

Methylsilicone 753 745–748 [21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 766762 [1], 763–

764 [21]

PEG 1,249

1,255 [8], 1,200–1,205 [21], 1,256

[22]

Hexanal

Methylsilicone 776 772 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 800801 [1], 801

[8]

PEG 1,0821,084 [8], 1,080 [22]

Ethyl butanoateMethylsilicone 785

789 [8], 782–783 [21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 802 802 [1], 804 [8], 802–803

[21]

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

PEG 1,0351,028 [8],

1,031–1,033 [21]

Furfural

Methylsilicone 803800 [8], 798–

800 [21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 833828 [1], 829 [8], 828–832

[21]

PEG 1,4621,455 [8],

1,446–1,459 [21]

(E)-2-Hexenal

Methylsilicone 827827 [8], 820–

824 [21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 854846 [1], 847–

852 [21]

PEG 1,2151,211–1,232 [21], 1,225

[22]

(Z)-3-Hexenol Methylsilicone 840 844 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 857 850 [1], 858 [8]

Page 3: retention index

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

PEG 1,3791,391 [8], 1,388 [22]

n-Hexanol

Methylsilicone 854858 [8], 851–

852 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 868863 [1], 851 [8], 868 [21]

PEG 1,354

1,360 [8], 1,342–1,347 [21], 1,354

[22]

Methional

Methylsilicone 864 864 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 908 909 [8]

PEG 1,453 1,458 [8]

2-HeptanoneMethylsilicone 869

872 [8], 864–867 [21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 892889 [1], 895 [8], 889–891

[21]

PEG 1,180 1,170 [8], 1,175–1,182

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

[21], 1,185 [22]

Heptanal

Methylsilicone 880 885 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 901901 [1], 903

[8]

PEG 1,1841,174 [8], 1,186 [22]

α-Thujene

Methylsilicone 924930 [8], 924

[11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 930924 [1], 938

[8]

PEG 1,0241,021 [8], 1,013 [22]

α-Pinene

Methylsilicone 932926 [8], 930

[11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 937932 [1], 939

[8]

PEG 1,0251,032 [8], 1,010 [22]

Page 4: retention index

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

Benzaldehyde

Methylsilicone 932 920–927 [21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 962952 [1], 960 [8], 955–963

[21]

PEG 1,518

1,495 [8], 1,496–1,515 [21], 1,528

[22]

Camphene

Methylsilicone 945957 [8], 944

[11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 951.5946 [1], 953

[8]

PEG 1,0681,075 [8], 1,053 [22]

Dimethyl trisulfide

Methylsilicone 949 949 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 971 974 [8]

PEG 1,3781,377 [8], 1,383 [22]

1-Octen-3-one Methylsilicone 956 956 [8]

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

5%Phe-Me-Sil 979972 [1], 976

[8]

PEG 1,3001,313 [8], 1,299 [22]

1-Octen-3-ol

Methylsilicone 964 958 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 980974 [1], 982

[8]

PEG 1,4491,394 [8], 1,456 [22]

6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one

Methylsilicone 965965 [8], 961–

963 [21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 985981 [1], 974 [8], 987–988

[21]

PEG 1,336

1,336 [8], 1,327–1,334 [21], 1,340

[22]

Sabinene Methylsilicone 967 970 [8], 964 [11]

Page 5: retention index

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

5%Phe-Me-Sil 974969 [1], 972

[8]

PEG 1,121.51,123 [8], 1,133 [22]

β-Pinene

Methylsilicone 972985 [8], 969

[11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 979974 [1], 981

[8]

PEG 1,1101,116 [8], 1,095 [22]

2-Pentylfuran

Methylsilicone 980

5%Phe-Me-Sil 993 993 [8]

PEG 1,2311,240 [8], 1,240 [22]

OctanalMethylsilicone 982

982 [8], 979–980 [21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,003 998 [1], 1,006 [8],

1,003–1,004 [21]

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

PEG 1,288

1,280 [8], 1,281–1,288 [21], 1,286

[22]

Hexanoic acid

Methylsilicone 982890 [8], 981–

998 [21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 993

967 [1], 1,019 [8], 995–1,010

[21]

PEG 1,8441,829 [8],

1,820–1,840 [21]

Myrcene

Methylsilicone 983990 [8], 983

[11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 991988 [1], 992

[8]

PEG 1,1601,145 [8], 1,167 [22]

Ethyl hexanoateMethylsilicone 983

984 [8], 981–982 [21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,000 997 [1],

Page 6: retention index

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

1,002 [8], 1,000 [21]

PEG 1,2301,220 [8],

1,227–1,234 [21]

α-Phellandrene

Methylsilicone 9981,009 [8], 996 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,0041,002 [1], 1,007 [8]

PEG 1,1671,166 [8], 1,160 [22]

δ-3-Carene

Methylsilicone 1,0051,017 [8], 1,000 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,0101,008 [1], 1,009 [8]

PEG 1,1461,148 [8], 1,144 [22]

Benzyl alcohol Methylsilicone 1,009 1,117 [8], 1,003–1,005

[21]

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,036

1,026 [1], 1,039 [8],

1,033–1,037 [21]

PEG 1,8701,865 [8],

1,844–1,871 [21]

α-Terpinene

Methylsilicone 1,0101,020 [8], 1,007 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,0171,014 [1], 1,012 [8]

PEG 1,1801,178 [8], 1,175 [22]

Benzene acetaldehyde

Methylsilicone 1,011 1,004 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,0451,036 [1], 1,049 [8]

PEG 1,6401,625 [8], 1,669 [22]

p-Cymene Methylsilicone 1,013 1,027 [8], 1,013 [11]

Page 7: retention index

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,0251,020 [1], 1,025 [8]

PEG 1,2701,261 [8], 1,266 [22]

β-Phellandrene

Methylsilicone 1,0211,035 [8], 1,022 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,0301,025 [1], 1,053 [8]

PEG 1,2081,209 [8], 1,202 [22]

Limonene

Methylsilicone 1,0221,022 [8], 1,021 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,0301,024 [1], 1,033 [8]

PEG 1,1991,178 [8], 1,194 [22]

1,8-Cineole Methylsilicone 1,022 1,015 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,032 1,026 [1], 1,030 [8]

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

PEG 1,2121,213 [8], 1,198 [22]

(Z)-β-Ocimene

Methylsilicone 1,028 1,027 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,0381,032 [1], 1,043 [8]

PEG 1,235 1,245 [8]

(E)-β-Ocimene

Methylsilicone 1,0381,043 [8], 1,038 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,0491,044 [1], 1,038 [8]

PEG 1,2501,242 [8], 1,237 [22]

γ-Terpinene

Methylsilicone 1,0501,058 [8], 1,049 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,0601,054 [1], 1,074 [8]

PEG 1,2451,238 [8], 1,240 [22]

cis-Sabinene Methylsilicone 1,055

Page 8: retention index

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

hydrate5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,068

1,065 [1], 1,073 [8]

PEG 1,465

n-Octanol

Methylsilicone 1,057995 [8],

1,054–1,056 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,070

1,063 [1], 981 [8],

1,071–1,072 [21]

PEG 1,556

1,553 [8], 1,118–1,124 [21], 1,561

[22]

cis-Linalool oxide (furanoid)

Methylsilicone 1,066 1,071 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,0731,067 [1], 1,070 [8]

PEG 1,443 1,420 [8]

Terpinolene Methylsilicone 1,079 1,089 [8], 1,079 [11]

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,088 1,086 [1]

PEG 1,283 1,276 [22]

Nonanal

Methylsilicone 1,0831,079 [8],

1,080–1,083 [21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,103

1,100 [1], 1,104 [8],

1,104–1,105 [21]

PEG 1,391

1,385 [8], 1,385–1,393 [21], 1,396

[22]

Linalool

1,086 1,085 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,0991,095 [1], 1,100 [8]

PEG 1,5471,537 [8], 1,554 [22]

Phenylethylalcohol Methylsilicone 1,086 1,080 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,116 1,106 [1],

Page 9: retention index

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

1,118 [8]

PEG 1,905 1,925 [8]

Camphor

Methylsilicone 1,1231,107–1,121

[21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,143

1,141 [1], 1,139 [8],

1,140–1,154 [21]

PEG 1,5181,491 [8],

1,483–1,511 [21]

(E)-2-Nonenal

Methylsilicone 1,134 1,130 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,1621,157 [1], 1,162 [8], 1,162 [21]

PEG 1,5321,527 [8], 1,546 [22]

Borneol Methylsilicone 1,152 1,180 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,166 1,165 [1], 1,162 [8]

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

PEG 1,701 1,677 [8]

p-Cymen-8-ol

Methylsilicone 1,162 1,200 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,1831,179 [1], 1,166 [8]

PEG 1,851 1,838 [8]

Terpinen-4-ol

Methylsilicone 1,163 1,182 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,1771,174 [1], 1,179 [8]

PEG 1,602 1,591 [8]

α-Terpineol

Methylsilicone 1,175 1,289 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,1891,186 [1], 1,195 [8]

PEG 1,695 1,688 [8]

Ethyl octanoateMethylsilicone 1,181

1,182 [8], 1,180–1,181

[21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,196 1,196 [1], 1,198 [8],

Page 10: retention index

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

1,197–1,199 [21]

PEG 1,431

1,436 [8], 1,427–1,434 [21], 1,438

[22]

Myrtenol

Methylsilicone 1,182

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,194 1,194 [1]

PEG 1,796

Decanal

Methylsilicone 1,1851,186 [8],

1,182–1,185 [21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,205

1,201 [1], 1,209 [8],

1,205–1,207 [21]

PEG 1,497

1,484 [8], 1,485–1,500 [21], 1,502

[22]

Nerol Methylsilicone 1,212 1,234 [8]

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,2281,227 [1], 1,233 [8]

PEG 1,795 1,770 [8]

Citronellol

Methylsilicone 1,212 1,229 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,2281,223 [1], 1,233 [8]

PEG 1,764 1,762 [8]

Carvone

Methylsilicone 1,218 1,210 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,2421,239 [1],

1,254–1,255 [8]

PEG 1,738 1,751 [8]

GeraniolMethylsilicone 1,237

1,258 [8], 1,235–1,237

[21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,255 1,249 [1], 1,276 [8], (1,257–

1,259) [21]

Page 11: retention index

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

PEG 1,8451,847 [8],

1,835–1,850 [21]

Geranial

Methylsilicone 1,248 1,258 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,2701,264 [1], 1,277 [8]

PEG 1,728 1,715 [8]

Bornyl acetate

Methylsilicone 1,2701,262–1,272

[21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,2851,287 [1],

1,284–1,295 [21]

PEG 1,5801,561–1,581

[21]

Thymol

Methylsilicone 1,271

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,290 1,289 [1]

PEG 2,188

Carvacrol Methylsilicone 1,278

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,299 1,298 [1]

PEG 2,223

β-Elemene

Methylsilicone 1,288

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,3911,389 [1], 1,393 [8]

PEG 1,591 1,595 [8]

(E,E)-2,4-Decadienal

Methylsilicone 1,288 1,288 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,3171,315 [1], 1,317 [8]

PEG 1,805 1,710 [8]

EugenolMethylsilicone 1,333

1,381 [8], 1,321–1,330

[21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,356

1,356 [1], 1,364 [8],

1,356–1,366 [21]

PEG 2,166 2,141 [8], 2,128–2,162

Page 12: retention index

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

[21]

α-Terpinyl acetate

Methylsilicone 1,333

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,350 1,346 [1]

PEG 1,692 1,700 [8]

Neryl acetate

Methylsilicone 1,343 1,345 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,363 1,359 [1]

PEG 1,722 1,742 [8]

α-Cubebene

Methylsilicone 1,351 1,365 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,3511,345 [1], 1,345 [8]

PEG 1,465 1,463 [8]

Geranyl acetateMethylsilicone 1,361

1,265 [8], 1,360 [21]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,381 1,379 [1], 1,382 [8], 1,385 [21]

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

PEG 1,7501,711 [8],

1,747–1,755 [21]

(E)-β-Damascenone

Methylsilicone 1,361 1,363 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,3851,383 [1], 1,386 [8]

PEG 1,822 1,813 [8]

α-Copaene

Methylsilicone 1,3751,353 [8], 1,372 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,3761,374 [1], 1,377 [8]

PEG 1,492 1,488 [8]

β-Bourbonene

Methylsilicone 1,3831,400 [8], 1,385 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,384 1,387 [1]

PEG 1,526 1,585 [8]

β-Cubebene Methylsilicone 1,385 1,389 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,389 1,387 [1]

Page 13: retention index

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

PEG 1,544.5 1,546 [8]

E-Caryophyllene

Methylsilicone 1,4191,438 [8], 1,417 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,4191,417 [1], 1,467 [8]

PEG 1,5961,594 [8], 1,598 [22]

Aromadendrene

Methylsilicone 1,440 1,458 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,439 1,439 [1]

PEG 1,620 1,600 [8]

(E)-β-Farnesene

Methylsilicone 1,4481,451 [8], 1,482 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,4571,454 [1], 1,445 [8]

PEG 1,663 1,658 [8]

α-Humulene Methylsilicone 1,451 1,472 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,454 1,452 [1], 1,467 [8]

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

PEG 1,667 1,663 [8]

Allo-Aromadendrene

Methylsilicone 1,4601,479 [8], 1,464 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,461 1,458 [1]

PEG 1,657 1,639 [8]

(E)-β-ionone

Methylsilicone 1,466 1,466 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,4851,487 [1], 1,493 [8]

PEG 1,936 1,912 [8]

γ-Muurolene

Methylsilicone 1,473 1,488 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,4771,478 [1], 1,475 [8]

PEG 1,691 1,681 [8]

Germacrene DMethylsilicone 1,476

1,500 [8], 1,474 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,480 1,484 [1], 1,487 [8]

Page 14: retention index

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

PEG 1,710 1,705 [8]

β-Selinene

Methylsilicone 1,4801,419 [8], 1,475 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,486 1,489 [1]

PEG 1,716 1,711 [8]

α-Selinene

Methylsilicone 1,489 1,486 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,494 1,498 [1]

PEG 1,725

Bicyclogermacrene

Methylsilicone 1,491 1,490 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,4951,500 [1], 1,517 [8]

PEG 1,735 1,738 [8]

α-Muurolene

Methylsilicone 1,4941,506 [8], 1,495 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,499 1,500 [1]

PEG 1,722 1,714 [8]

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

(E,E)-α-Farnesene

Methylsilicone 1,4951,518 [8], 1,492 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,5081,505 [1], 1,500 [8]

PEG 1,745 1,725 [8]

β-Bisabolene

Methylsilicone 1,5001,513 [8], 1,496 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,5091,505 [1], 1,498 [8]

PEG 1,727 1,714 [8]

γ-Cadinene

Methylsilicone 1,5081,526 [8], 1,510 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,513 1,514 [1]

PEG 1,770.5 1,752 [8]

δ-CadineneMethylsilicone 1,516

1,531 [8], 1,515 [11]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,524 1,522 [1], 1,519 [8]

Page 15: retention index

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

PEG 1,758 1,749 [8]

(E)-Nerolidol

Methylsilicone 1,549 1,564 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,5631,561 [1], 1,539 [8]

PEG 2,040 2,009 [8]

Spathulenol

Methylsilicone 1,568

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,5761,577 [1], 1,619 [8]

PEG 2,136 2,129 [8]

Caryophyllene oxide

Methylsilicone 1,574 1,600 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,5811,582 [1], 1,573 [8]

PEG 1,988 1,962 [8]

Globulol

Methylsilicone 1,580

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,583 1,590 [1]

PEG 2,085

Name Phasea Median valueLiterature

datab

epi-α-Cadinol

Methylsilicone 1,625

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,640 1,638 [1]

PEG 2,167

epi-α-Muurolol

Methylsilicone 1,632 1,659 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,6411,640 [1], 1,635 [8]

PEG 2,182 2,148 [8]

β-Eudesmol

Methylsilicone 1,634

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,6491,649 [1], 1,654 [8]

PEG 2,241 2,246 [8]

α-Cadinol

Methylsilicone 1,642 1,674 [8]

5%Phe-Me-Sil 1,6531,652 [1], 1,676 [8]

PEG 2,224 2,191 [8]aStationary phase: Methylsilicone - dimethylsilicone; 5%Phe-Me-Sil – dimethylsilicone with 5% phenyl groups, PEG - polyethylene glycol.

Page 16: retention index

bRetention indices of [1] are provided as linear retention indices. Previous editions [1] listed retention indices determined using logarithmic times. RI data from [21] were rounded to integer values. Shown RI data ranges correspond to RI measurements at two temperature programs [21]

The data treatment was limited to the three commonly used stationary phases (unpolar and polar phases): dimethylsilicone stationary phase (OV-101, HP-1, DB-1,SE-30, etc.), dimethylsilicone phase with 5% phenyl groups (DB-5, SE-54, HP-5, Ultra-2, etc.) and polyethylene glycol stationary phase (polar phase, e.g. Carbowax 20 M, Innowax, CP-Wax 52 CB) [5]. Another constraint was the use of RI data measured under temperature programmed conditions. Note, that both linear (LRI, in accord with definition of van den Dool and Kratz) [5, 16] and logarithmic (KRI, in accord with definition of Kováts) [1, 5] retention time treatments are used for retention index determinations under temperature programming conditions.

References

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