respiratory system - rhodes university · pdf filerespiratory system 1. respiration: the...
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Respiratory system
1. Respiration: the capture of O2 and elimination of CO2
2. The buccal and opercular pumps3. The structure and function of gills4. Respiration and blood circulation5. Air-breathing fishes
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Respiration: the capture of O2 and elimination of CO2
• Oxygen is more readily available to terrestrial vertebrates than fishes:
• 1 l of air contains 210 cc of oxygen• 1 l of water contains 10 cc of oxygen• Fishes get oxygen by creating a continuous flow of water
(800x more dense than air) over the gills. The steadier the flow the more oxygen is removed.
• Fish have a high oxygen removal efficiency (Tuna remove up to 80% of the oxygen in water, compared with humans that remove only 25% of the oxygen from air).
• How is this done and how is the consistent flow of water created and maintained?
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The buccal and opercular pumps
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Structure and function of the gills
The gills of a sieve-like structure in the path of the respiratory flow. They produce resistance to water flow, which, in turn, creates a differential pressure between the buccal and opercular cavities.
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Air breathing fishes
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