Respiratory System

Important Structures

• Nasal Passages- air filtered, warmed (capillaries), and moistened (globulet cells- secrete mucous)

• Larynx- voice box, vocal cords

Important Structures

• Trachea: tube made of rings of cartilage

• Aveoli: networks of capillaries, supplied by pulmonary artery and vein

LUNGS

• Located in an air tight compartment (thoracic cavity)

• Protected by 12 ribs

• Surrounded by pleurae

Sequence of Respiration

• Mouth– nasal passages---pharynx---larynx---trachea---bronchi---lungs (brochioles—alveoli)

Gas Exchange

• What gases?

• Location- Alveoli

Why is alveoli the location of gas exchange?

Alveoli

• Thin walled

• Excellent capillary blood supply

• Large surface area

• Moist lining makes gases easily diffuse

Where do oxygen and carbon dioxide go?

• Oxygen- carried by hemoglobin

• CO2: dissolves in blood or some enter RBC

Breathing

• Movement of air in and out of lungs

• Players- diaphragm and intercostals muscles of the ribs

Breathing

• Inhale: contract

• Exhale: relax

Control of Breathing

• Voluntary: controlled by cortex

• Involuntary:a. Medulla oblongata (brain)b. sensors in blood stream monitor carbon dioxide levels

Diseases of Respiratory System

• Emphysema

• Bronchitis

• Smoking affects your body:– Constricts blood vessels- increasing blood

pressure– Increases heart rate– Blocks transporting of oxygen