respiration how does respiration work??. define: cellular respiration anaerobic respiration aerobic...
DESCRIPTION
Has no respiratory system !TRANSCRIPT
Respiration
How does respiration work??
Define:• CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
• AEROBIC RESPRIATION
• ANAEROBE
• AEROBE
Has no respiratory system
• !
Cell Energy• Energy is essential for life
– Active transport, cell division, flagella movement, protein production
• Some capture energy from light or chemicals– Autotrophs
• Others eat those that capture energy– heterotrophs
So Where Is Energy Found?Energy is stored in chemical bonds of ATP
– Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)• Adenosine molecule with three phosphate groups• Energy carrier molecule of the cell
Question…?
How do you release the energy stored in the bonds?
AnswerBreak the bond!
Energy is Stored in the BOND!
Forming and Breaking Down ATP
• Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)
• Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
• Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
• ATP ADP + P + Energy• Energy + P + ADP ATP
What is Cellular Respiration?
The release of chemical energy for use by cells.
Once the energy that was in sunlight is changed into chemical energy by photosynthesis, an organism has to transform the chemical energy into a a form that can be used by the organism.
This process is cellular respiration.
Describe Cellular Respiration
1. The breakdown of glucose molecules to release energy
2. Takes place in all living things
3. Is a step by step process
What is the chemical equation for cellular
respiration?
EQUATION FOREQUATION FOR RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION
CC66HH1212OO66 + +GLUCOSEGLUCOSE
6O6O22
OXYGENOXYGEN
6CO6CO22 ++
CARBON CARBON DIOXIDEDIOXIDE
6H6H22OO + +ENERGYENERGYWATERWATER
ATPATP
Cellular Respiration
• Process by which mitochondria break down food molecules to produce ATP
• Three Stages– Glycolysis – Anaerobic– Citric Acid Cycle – Aerobic – Electron Transport Chain - Aerobic
Glycolysis• Glucose gets broken into two three carbon
pyruvic acids• 2 ATP used to start this reaction• Reaction produces 4 ATP
• Net gain = 2 ATP• NAD+ = electron carrier = NADH when it
accepts two electrons
• Pyruvic molecules move into Mitochondria• IF OXYGEN IS PRESENT then the Citric Acid cycle
takes place– Pyruvic acid loses one carbon (CO2)– Combines with Coenzyme A to create Acetyl-CoA
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs)
Electron Transport Chain
Fermentation• Times when there is not enough oxygen to
do Citric Acid Cycle
• Net Gain = 2 ATP• Two major types
– Lactic Acid – Alcoholic
RespirationRespiration CYTOPLASMCYTOPLASMGLYCOLOSIS GLYCOLOSIS
HAPPENS HERE!HAPPENS HERE!
MITOCHONDRIAMITOCHONDRIARESPIRATION HAPPENS IN RESPIRATION HAPPENS IN
THIS ORGANELLE!THIS ORGANELLE!
PROTEINSPROTEINS CARBO’SCARBO’S(SUGARS)(SUGARS)
AMINOAMINOACIDSACIDS
FATSFATS(LIPIDS)(LIPIDS)
GLUCOSEGLUCOSECC66HH1212OO66
ACETYL-CoAACETYL-CoA
PYRUVICPYRUVICACIDACID
GLYCOLOSISGLYCOLOSISIN CYTOPLASM IN CYTOPLASM
NO OXYGEN!NO OXYGEN!
KREBS CYCLEKREBS CYCLE AND AND
ELECTRONELECTRONTANSPORTTANSPORT
MAKESMAKES34 ATPS34 ATPS
MAKESMAKES2 ATPS2 ATPS
OO2 2 ENTERS ENTERS HEREHERE
COCO22 IS IS RELEASEDRELEASED
ATP TOTALSATP TOTALSGLYCOLOSIS=2GLYCOLOSIS=2
RESPIRATION=34RESPIRATION=34BOTH=36!BOTH=36!
The End