residential lighting: title 24 and technology...

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Residential Lighting: Title 24 and Technology UpdateBest practices in lighting design to comply with California’s Title 24 energy code

Kelly CunninghamOutreach DirectorCalifornia Lighting Technology [email protected]

INTRODUCTION

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THE INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS BELIEVED TO ACCURATELY DESCRIBE THE TECHNOLOGIES ADDRESSED HEREIN AND IS MEANT TO CLARIFY AND ILLUSTRATE TYPICAL SITUATIONS, WHICH MUST BE APPROPRIATELY ADAPTED TO INDIVIDUAL CIRCUMSTANCES. THESE MATERIALS WERE PREPARED TO BE USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH A FREE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM AND ARE NOT INTENDED TO PROVIDE LEGAL ADVICE OR ESTABLISH LEGAL STANDARDS OF REASONABLE BEHAVIOR. NEITHER PACIFIC GAS & ELECTRIC (PG&E) NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS:

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Credit(s) earned on completion of this course will be reported to AIA CES for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-AIA members are available upon request.

This course is registered with AIA CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner ofhandling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product._______________________________________Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

This intermediate class is for professionals who design, specify, and/or inspect lighting installations in new and remodeled homes. Participants should already have general knowledge of the residential lighting code.

CourseDescription

LearningObjectives

1. Effectively apply the residential Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards requirements specific to lighting.

2. Apply Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards compliance methodology and procedures in professional practice.

3. Identify current lighting technologies, including LED luminaires, that are available to fulfill code requirements.

4. Prepare for the major lighting-related updates in the 2013 Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards code. Access resources through utility and lighting technology training centers for continued professional development.

At the end of the this course, participants will be able to:

INTRODUCTION

California Lighting Technology Center, UC Davis

To stimulate, facilitate & accelerate the development, application and commercialization of energy-efficient lighting and daylighting technologies in partnership with utilities, manufacturers, occupants, builders, designers, researchers, academicians, and governmental agencies.

Mission-driven Activities:

• Research & Development• Demonstration & Outreach• Education & Training

INTRODUCTION

CLTC Founding Organizations

California Energy Commission

University of California, Davis

National Electrical Manufacturers Association

US Department of Energy

LARGE END-USERS

FOUNDING ORGANIZATIONS AFFILIATES

MANUFACTURERS

UTILITIES

Select the appropriate:Source+Luminaire+ControlsFor the application

INTRODUCTION

Residential Lighting Design GuideProvides a simplified and practical approach to lighting code compliance and design.

Topics include:• Explanation of the code• Technical guidelines• Steps to compliance• Lighting design examples

INTRODUCTION

Course TopicsPart 1: Technology Overview

• Common lighting terminology• Main lighting technologies that apply to Title 24• Demonstrations of energy-efficient lighting technologies

Part 2: Background and Policy• Why Title 24?• Savings opportunities• Benefits and results

Part 3: Technology & the Code• Lamps, luminaires and controls

Part 4: Lighting Design Guide• Title 24 residential lighting regulation• Design examples to reach or exceed code

Part 5: Compliance Process• Step-by-step: the Title 24 compliance process

Part 6: Updates, Forecast and Additional Resources• Title 24 2013 update• Additional resources

PART 1: TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

• Common lighting terminology• Lighting technologies to use for compliance

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

Common Lighting Terminology

1. What are the definitions of the following lighting terms?

2. Do you use these terms in professional practice?

3. What other lighting terminology do you use on the job?

• Luminous Flux• Lux• Footcandle• Illuminance• Efficiency• Efficacy• CCT• CRI

TerminologyLuminous flux: rate of flow of visible light emitted from a light source over time, measured in lumens (lm).

Footcandle: equal to one lumen per square foot (1 footcandle = 10 lux).

Illuminance: the amount of luminous flux that covers a surface (measured in lux or footcandles).

Luminous flux is analogous to the flow rate of water, represented by gallons per hour.

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

Terminology

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

TerminologyLuminous Intensity: the concentration of light emitted from a given source in a particular direction, measured in candela (cd) (1cd = 1lm per steradian).

*Note: color represents intensity not CCT or CRI

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

TerminologyEfficiency: the ratio between the useful output of energy and the input of energy.

Luminous Efficacy compares the amount of light produced by a lamp (lumens), to amount of power consumed to produce it (watts).

A high efficacy luminaire provides a large amount of light using little power.

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

TerminologyEfficiency is usually dimensionless, we compare the lumens exiting a fixture to the lumens produced by the light source.

Efficacy is normally used where input and output units differ. We compare the lumens produced by an amount of wattage.

Which is more efficient?Efficiency = miles/gallon (energy out, energy in)

Which has a higher efficacy?Efficacy = fun/gallon

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

TerminologyCorrelated Color Temperature (CCT)A specification of the color appearanceof light emitted by a lamp, relating its color to the color of light from a source when heated to a particular temperature.

CCT rating for a lamp is a general warmth or coolnessmeasure of its appearance.

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

1931 CIE Color Chart

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

CCTC

OO

LW

ARM

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

DYNAMIC SPD LUMINAIRES

12000K, 65fc average 6000K, 100fc average 3500K, 50fc average 2900K, 50fc average

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

CRIColor Rendering Index (CRI)Measures the ability of a light source to reproduce the colors of various objects compared with an ideal light source.

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

CRIColor Rendering Index (CRI)• Color rendering is defined as “Effect of an illuminant on the color

appearance of objects by conscious or subconscious comparison with their color appearance under a reference illuminant” (CIE 17.4–1987)

• It is the only color rendering metric with wide spread acceptance• It is calculated by comparing the color appearance of the test source

to a reference source for 8 reflective samples (Score from 1–100)• All other aspects of the source for a true comparison should be the same

CRI = 62 CRI = 93 CRI = 80 CRI = 92

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

LIGHTING FACTS LABEL

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

CCT & CRI

Balancing quality and efficacy1. What are your preferred CCTs?

2. How important is CRI?

• Home

• Work

• Dining out

• Shopping

Photo Credit: Philips Photo Credit: Color Kinetics

Photo Credit: Color Kinetics

PART 2: BACKGROUND AND POLICY

• Why Title 24?• Savings opportunities• Benefits and results

BACKGROUND AND POLICY

Why Title 24?Efficiency before generationThe CEC has found energy efficiency and demand response as the preferred means of meeting the energy needs of a growing population.


Other Critical Legislation2006 – Global Warming Solutions Act (AB 32)Reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by 2020.

2007 Huffman Bill (AB 1109)Reduce lighting energy consumption by more than 50% from 2007 residential levels and 25% from 2007 commercial levels by 2018.

The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007Eliminates from the market most of the remaining commonly used types of T12 linear fluorescent lamps by July 14, 2012. The magnetic ballasts required to operate those lamps were already phased out beginning July of 2010.

The bill also begins a phase-out of traditional incandescent lamps, establishing a mandated 25% reduction in energy use beginning in January, 2012.

Comprehensive Energy Efficiency Program for Existing Buildings (AB 758)Requires the California Energy Commission to develop and implement a comprehensive program to achieve greater energy savings in the California’s existing residential and nonresidential building stock. The primary focus of this program is on those buildings that fall significantly below the efficiency required by Title 24.


Lighting in Title 24Lighting is the largest electrical load in both homes and businesses, accounting for

35%of commercial annual electricity use and

22%of residential annual use.1

1: 2011 Integrated Energy Policy Report, Commission Final Report


Savings OpportunitiesNew Construction• Standard incandescent lamps• Dimming systems• Occupancy/vacancy Sensors

Existing Buildings• Approximately 60% of lamps

installed in California residences were incandescent lamps

• Advanced lamps* represented about 5% of installed lamps

58%

42%

CTLC survey of new 2007 homes (2-6 bedrooms, 2000-4500 sq. ft.)

FlourescentIncandescent

Source 2009 KEMA report: Advanced Lighting Baseline Study

*Advanced lamps as defined by this study: Bare spiral CFLs greater than 30 watts, A-shaped CFLs, Globe CFLs, Candelabra CFLsReflector CFLs, 3-way CFLs, Bare & covered dimmable CFLs, GU-24 products, EISA-compliant halogens, Advanced incandescents, LEDs


Benefits and ResultsHighly effective in the long term2007 survey showed 58% of new residential construction adopted high-efficacy fixtures.

Incorporates efficiency into the building design processTitle 24 mandates a combination of sensors, dimmers and high-efficacy lights during the design stages of construction.

Controls leading the way2007 survey found that most new residential construction projects have about 10 dimmers per home and that more than 90% of hardwired incandescent fixtures are on dimming systems.

Codes & standards have saved California about $66 billion For nearly 35 years, the CEC has saved Californians more than $66 billion in energy costs through its standards for energy-efficient buildings and appliances. These same standards have reduced greenhouse gas emissions by more than 250 million metric tons.


Code cycle timelineThe California Energy Commission adopted the 2008 Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards on April 23, 2008, and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on September 11, 2008.

The most recent revision, the 2013 Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards was adopted by the California Energy Commission in May 2012. Any application for a Building Permit submitted on or after January 1, 2014 must meet the 2013 standards.

Research and planning for the 2016 Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards has already begun.

Note: This guide is not intended to be used in lieu of the Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards. Please visit www.energy.ca.gov/title24 to download the official Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standardsas well as the Nonresidential Compliance Manual. To obtain a printed copy of the standards, contact the California Energy Commission’s publications unit: (916) 654-5200.

http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24


Prescriptive vs. Performance Standards

Prescriptive Standards• Simpler, but does not allow as

much flexibility in design• Each individual component of the

proposed building must meet a prescribed minimum energy requirement

• Applicant needs only to show that a building meets each minimum or maximum level prescribed in the set of requirements contained in a package

Performance Standards• Allows the builder more freedom,

but the standards are more complex and involved

• Detailed accounting of energy trade-offs between measures is possible

• Uses CEC-approved computersoftware to calculate energy trade-offs based on Title 24 guidelines

“Which technology is appropriate for my project?”

“What is available, and how can I piece together the building I want while complying with Title 24?”

Title 24 compliance is achievable through two approaches:


Computer Compliance ProgramsThe following computer programs for energy analysis include all Alternative Calculation Methods approved by the California Energy Commission for use in Title 24 2008 certification:

• CALRES 2008 v1.1 ($125–$375)• EnergyPro 5.1 ($480–$800)• MICROPAS 8.1 ($795)

Additional details are available at:http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/2008standards/2008_computer_prog_list.html

PART 3: TECHNOLOGY & THE CODE

• Lamps• High-efficacy luminaires• Controls

TECHNOLOGY & THE CODE

Two strategies, three main technologiesHigh-efficacy LuminairesThese lighting fixtures are designed and built to operate only energy-efficient light sources, such as fluorescent T8 lamps, compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs), LEDs and high intensity discharge (HID) lamps.

SensorsOccupancy/vacancy sensors and daylight sensors are all devices that automatically turn lights off (or dim them) in response to conditions that they “sense” or “see.”

DimmersDimmers, which are already common in many residential applications, allow room occupants to lower lighting levels (and thus energy use) as desired.C

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2008 High Efficacy, According to the StandardsWhat is never high efficacy?• Any luminaire that does not qualify

by CEC definition or is not certified to the Commission

• Any luminaire containing medium screw-base socket (E24/E26)

• Any luminaire containing any line-voltage lamp socket (except GU-24 under certain conditions)

What’s different about the tables?The efficacy for LEDs accounts for the whole system, whereas lamps do not involve a source system, so the efficacy is based on lamp power.

2008 High efficacy lamps (non-LED)

Lamp Power Min. Lamp Efficacy

5W or less 30 lm/W

5W – 15W 40 lm/W

15W – 40W 50 lm/W

Over 40W 60 lm/W

2008 High efficacy LED source systems

Lamp Power Min. System Efficacy

5W or less 30 lm/W

5W – 15W 40 lm/W

15W – 40W 50 lm/W

Over 40W 60 lm/WEfficacy = initial lumens ÷ watts used by lamp

In the 2008 code: Table 150-C and Section 150(k) 1 and 2


2013 High Efficacy, According to the Standards

In the 2013 code: Table 150.0-A and Section 150(k) 1


2013 High Efficacy, According to the StandardsWhat is never high efficacy?• Any luminaire that does not qualify

by CEC definition or is not certified to the Commission

• Any luminaire containing medium screw-base socket (E24/E26)

• Any luminaire containing any line-voltage lamp socket (except GU-24 under certain conditions)

• Track lighting where track heads or lamps can be changed to a source other than LED

2013 high efficacy: other sources

Lamp Power Min. System Efficacy

5W or less 30 lm/W

5W – 15W 45 lm/W

15W – 40W 60 lm/W

Over 40W 90 lm/W

Efficacy = initial lumens ÷ luminaire total rated system input power

In the 2013 code: Table 150.0-A and 150.0-B and Section 150(k) 1


CEC Appliances Database

http://www.appliances.energy.ca.gov/AdvancedSearch.aspx


2013 High Efficacy Luminaires


CR6 recessed downlight by CREE

90 CRI and high efficacy, the CR6 is currently on the CEC Database.

Various CCT: 2700K–4000K.

GU-24 base.




BeveLED pendant by USA Illumination

12 watt, 90 CRI BeveLED pendant meets Title 24 high efficacy requirement.




Unilume Direct Wire undercabinet lighting by Tech Lighting

90 CRI and various lengths with optional occupancy sensors.

Single remote phosphor design illuminates multiple shadows.

Unilume Other LED




CS14 linear fixture by CREE

90 CRI and high efficacy, can be suspended or surface mounted.

Dimmable.


IES Illuminance RecommendationsCategory Space Illuminance

A Public spaces 3 footcandles (30 lux)

B Simple orientation for short visits 5 footcandles (50 lux)

C Working spaces where simple visual tasks are performed 10 footcandles (100 lux)

D Performance of visual tasks of high contrast and large size 30 footcandles (300 lux)

E Performance of visual tasks of high contrast and small size, or visual tasks of low contrast and large size

50 footcandles (500 lux)

F Performance of visual tasks of low contrast and small size 100 footcandles (1,000 lux)

G Performance of visual tasks near threshold

300 to 1,000 footcandles(3,000 to 10,000 lux)


Examples of Illuminance levelsCategory Building Types

A (3fc) Movie theater, observatory

B (5fc) Public auditorium, night club, arcade

C (10fc) Art gallery, restaurant, parking garage, public restroom

D (30fc) Coliseum/arena, school gymnasium, chapel, grocery store, commercial building

E (50fc) School, medical laboratory, computer processing office, vehicle repair center

F (100fc) Hospital facilities, veterinary clinic

G (800fc) Operating table


High-Efficacy LuminairesTypically Compliant• High-efficacy fixtures with

electronic ballasts

• Pin-based CFL fixtures with electronic ballasts (4 pin)

• Fixtures with high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps

Not Usually Compliant• Any fixture with

incandescent lamps

• Any fixture with a screw base, regardless of what source it is (even CFL or LED!)

Light Emitting Diodes• Newer technology with a great deal

of confusion

• Efficacies are improving

• Quality is not consistent

• Look for product that clearly meets lumen/Watt requirements

• Follow the Design Lights Consortium Qualified Products List for non-res product evolution

• Follow utility rebate program guidelines for res products

Note: Ballast wattage is not included when determining lamp efficacy.


Replacement Lamp Technologies in Use

A BR PAR CFL LED A*

Wattage 40-100 W 30-150 W 50-150 W 5-40 W 2.3-23 W

Efficacy 10-17 lm/W 7-12 lm/W 6-15 lm/W 50-70 lm/W 33-97 lm/W

Price** < $1 $4-7 $6-8 $1-8 $10-50

Application General Lighting Downlights,Spotlights

Downlights,Spotlights

General Lighting

General Lighting

*August 17, 21013 Product review of 286 A-lamps listed in the Lighting Facts database**Approximate price ranges


Choosing the Right LuminaireSpecify the appropriate light outputYou should be able to “lumen match” the low-efficacy fixtures by specifying systems that use less energy.

Specify the appropriate colorWarmer lamp colors (CCT 2700-3000K) are the closest match to incandescent.

2013 UpdateIn the 2013 code, in order to qualify as high efficacy, LED luminaires must be > 90 CRI and 2700–4000K (indoor) or 2700–5000K (outdoor)

Specify the right lumens/watt ratioDepending on what lamp wattage is chosen (with the same number of fixtures) you could have a much brighter space or a much darker space in comparison to an existing incandescent space.

For example:8 (65 watt) BR lamps x 750 lumens = 7100 lumens

5 (26 watt) CFL lamps x 1300 lumens = 6500 lumens

10 (13 watt) CFL lamps x 600 lumens = 6000 lumens


In the 2008 and 2013 Code: Recessed FixturesApplications between conditioned and unconditioned spaces• Approved for IC and label certifying

AT according to ASTM E283

• Gasket or caulking between housing and ceiling – all air leak paths through luminaire assembly or ceiling opening must be sealed

IC applications:• Ballasts that are rated for higher

operating ranges

• Fixture configurations that limit heat to the ballast

Electronic ballasts• Certified to the CEC

• Mandated in all high-efficacy luminaires of 13W or higher

• Output frequency of no less than 20 kHz

In the 2008 code: 150 (k)12 and 150 (k)4In the 2013 code: 150(k)8 and 150(k)1 D


Recessed Luminaires in Insulated Ceilings• Have a minimum rated life of

30,000 hours when operated at or below a specified maximum case temperature

• Must not exceed maximum ballast case temperature

• Have a ballast factor of not less than 0.90 for non-dimming ballasts

• Have a ballast factor of not less than 0.85 for dimming ballasts

• Allow ballast maintenance and replacement from below the ceiling without cutting holes in ceiling

• Same in 2008 and 2013

In the 2008 code: 119 (n) and 150 (k)12In the 2013 code: 110.9 (f) and 150 (k)8


What is a GU-24 replacement lamp?1. Lead Wire2. Fixing Hole I3. Fixing Holes II4. Base5. Prongs6. Replacement Ballast7. Replacement Lamp8. Lamp Base9. Lamp Holder10.Thread


High Efficacy GU-24 Qualifications• Factory-installed GU-24 lamp holder

• No other types of line voltage sockets in the luminaire

• Manufacturer does not provide adaptors to convert other line voltage lamp holder

• Luminaire rated only for high efficacy systems

• NO GU-24 low efficacy lamps

• NO GU-24 low efficacy luminaires

• NO GU-24 modular adaptors or luminaire conversions

• Quick-connects to GU-24 are allowed

• In 2008 code: no recessed downlightswith GU-24 sockets that could receive a compact fluorescent lamp

In the 2008 code: 150 (k)2In the 2013 code: Table 150 A


No “Permanent” AdaptorsIf a luminaire has a screw-base socket, or an adaptor with a screw-base socket, it is NOT high efficacy, regardless of manufacturer claims.


Fixture Labels for Compliance and Quality

The ENERGY STAR definition of high efficacy has been updated to match Title 24 and guarantees a minimum standard of quality.

There is no way to tell old ENERGY STAR fixtures from new ones.

Sample qualifications for ENERGY STAR rated products• For lamps shipped with the

fixtures, the average rated life of the lamp must be > 10,000 hours.

• All qualified light fixtures carry a two-year warranty

• The CRI of lamps shipped with fixtures is more than 80 for CFL lamps and more than 75 for linear fluorescent lamps.

Airtight Label: ASTM E283The ASTM E283 label certifies a fixture as being airtight in accordance with ASTM E283 testing and Title 24.

U.S. government-backed label earned by products that prevent air pollution by meeting strict energy efficiency guidelines set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Department of Energy.


Indoor Vacancy Sensor Specifications• Must be manual-on/automatic-off

(can also be turned off manually)

• Time delay cannot be greater than 30 minutes

• Cannot be locked in a permanent “on” state (no “on” override)

• No more than 1 W consumed by the indicator light

• Specify with no minimum load amount

Optional features to consider

• Energy-efficient LED night-light

• Impact-resistant lens and switch

In the 2008 code: 119 (j)In the 2013 code: 110.9 (b) In Title 20: 1605.3 (g) 8


2008 Dimmer Requirements• Reduce power consumption by a

minimum of 65% at the lowest level• If the dimmer controls

incandescent or fluorescent lamps, provide electrical outputs to lamps for reduced flicker

• Be UL listed by a rating lab recognized by the International Code Council (ICC)

• For wall box dimmers designed to be used in a 3 or more-way circuit with non-dimmable switches, the level set by the dimmer shall not be overridden by any of the switches in the circuit.

In the 2008 code: see 119 (k) in regards to power reductionIn the 2013 code: 150 (k)


2008 Dimmer Requirements• The dimmer and all of the switches

in the circuit shall have the capability of turning lighting OFF if it is ON, and turning lighting ON to the level set by the dimmer if the lighting is OFF.

• Stepped dimmers will include an off position to turn lights completely off.



2013 Dimmer Requirements• Comply with Title 20• Very subtle differences in language• The dimmer shall:

• reduce power consumption by a minimum of 65% percent at its lowest level;

• include an off position which produces a zero lumen output; and not consume more than 1 W per lighting dimmer switch leg when in the off position.

• Same:• Reduce flicker through

dimming range• For 3-way, do not override level set

by dimmer and all switches should turn light off

In the 2008 code: see 119 (k) in regards to power reductionIn the 2013 code: 150 (k) In Title 20: 1605.3 (f)


Dimmer SpecificationsSpecify the correct load amount

• Line voltage

• Low voltage

• 3-way dimmers (ex. hallway applications)

Pair LED luminaires and lamps carefully with dimmers, check manufacturer websites and spec sheets for compatibility



Dimmers on the MarketLeviton Decora SureSlide Dimmer

$25

Provides smooth, slide-action, full-range dimming for incandescent and dimmable LED and CFL lamps.

Compatible with CFL, LED, incandescent, and halogen

Options: LED/CFL/Incandescent Dimmer, Single pole or 3-way with pre-set ON/OFF switch, Rating of 150W LED/CFL & 600W Incandescent.

Few LED products dim 0–100%


Dimmers on the MarketLutron Diva 1¼ Amp. White Dimmer

$30

Paddle switch on/off, use slide control to adjust light level.

Compatible with dimmable CFL (compact fluorescent), LED, incandescent and halogen.

150W capacity.

Options: No. DVWCL-153PH-IV: Color/Finish: Ivory, Voltage Rating: 120V, Power Rating: 150W, Switch Type: Single-Pole or 3-Way


Dimmers on the MarketLutron Nova T

$80

On/off and adjust light levels with slider. Compatible with incandescent, halogen, fluorescent, LED, magnetic and electronic low voltage lighting, and ceiling fans.Options: Lutron controls are rated at 120 VAC, 60 Hz unless otherwise noted


Dimmers on the MarketLutron Vierti Push Button Dimmer

$120

Illuminated control bar is longer than on most standard dimmers and allows for lighting control with slide of a finger.

Compatible with incandescent, halogen, fluorescent, LED, magnetic and electronic low voltage lighting, and ceiling fans.

Suggested maximum lighting load for magnetic low voltage dimming is 450W for 600VA products to allow for magnetic transformer loss.

Dimmers on the Market

Leviton Decora SureSlide Dimmer

Lutron Diva Dimmer

Lutron Nova TDimmer

Lutron Verti Dimmer

$25 $30 $80 $120


Check Your UnderstandingQuestion:In stairwells and some corridors, 3-way circuits are a common way to allow control of the lighting from either end of the space. How can I use dimmers to give a similar level of control?

Answer:In this case, the Standards require that the lighting must be controlled by at least one dimmer. It is functionally preferable to have dimmers at every point. However, the Standards do not require that every control point must allow dimming. One of the switches could be a dimmer and the other could be a regular toggle switch.

Alternatively, more advanced controls are available that allow dimming from both ends of the circuit.

However, the toggles switch(es) must not allow the lighting to come on at a higher level than is set by the dimmer.


Permanently Installed Night-Lights• Shall contain only high-efficacy

lamps with no line voltage lamp holder

• Shall consume no more than 5 watts

• No screw-base lamp holders

• Indicator lights that are integral to lighting controls shall consume no more than 1 watt

• Also applies to night-lights integral to permanently installed luminaires or exhaust fans

In the 2008 code: 150 (k) 5In the 2013 code: 150 (k) E


Check Your UnderstandingQuestion:Is it good lighting practice to have all the lighting in a room controlled by a single vacancy sensor?

Answer:If the sensor can “see” the whole space, then it can be enough.

In rooms where safety is an issue, high-efficacy luminaires should be installed. High-efficacy luminaires do not require a vacancy sensor to meet the Residential Lighting Standards. If a sensor is also used, consider a dual-tech sensor or include a second luminaire that stays on.

PART 4: LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE

• Changes and additions to the 2008 code• Changes and additions to the 2013 code• Title 24 residential lighting regulation• Demonstrations of energy-efficient lighting

technologies

LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE

2008 Title 24 Standards by AreaKitchen • > 50% of installed wattage must be high efficacy

Bathroom, garage, laundry room, utility room, closets

• High efficacy or• Manual-on vacancy sensor

All other interior rooms• High efficacy or• Manual-on vacancy sensor or• Dimmer

Outdoor Lighting

• High efficacy or• Low efficacy controlled by a manual on/off switch and both:

• Motion sensor without bypass switch and• One of the following: integral photocontrol, astronomical time

clock, energy management control system

Common Areas • High efficacy or vacancy sensor

Residential Parking

• Lots for < 7 cars must comply with Outdoor Lighting requirements• Garages for < 7 cars must comply with Garage requirements• Lots and garages for more than 7 vehicles must comply with

Nonresidential Lighting Standards

LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE

2013 Title 24 Standards by AreaKitchen • > 50% of installed wattage must be high efficacy

Bathroom • One high efficacy fixture and• Manual-on vacancy sensor or high efficacy for all other fixtures

Garage, laundry room, utility room, closets

• High efficacy and• Manual-on vacancy sensor

All other interior rooms• High efficacy or• Manual-on vacancy sensor or• Dimmer

Outdoor Lighting

• High efficacy or• Low efficacy controlled by a manual on/off switch and both:

• Motion sensor without bypass switch and• One of the following: integral photocontrol, astronomical time

clock, energy management control system

Common Areas

• High efficacy or vacancy sensor in areas where common space ≤ 20% of floor area

• In common areas that ≥ 20% of floor area, occupancy repsonsiveadaptive corridor and stairwell lighting is required

Residential Parking

• Lots for < 7 cars must comply with Outdoor Lighting requirements• Garages for < 7 cars must comply with Garage requirements• Lots and garages for more than 7 vehicles must comply with

Nonresidential Lighting Standards

LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: KITCHEN

2008 and 2013 Kitchen: Mandatory RequirementsWattage• No limit to number of watts, but

must be at least 50% high efficacy

• Quantity of fixtures is not regulated by code

• If a fixture can accept multiple lamp wattages, its wattage for the sake of code compliance is the highest re-lamping rated wattage designated by the manufacturer on a permanent, factory-installed Underwriters Laboratory label

Lighting Controls• High-efficacy and low-efficacy light

fixtures must be controlled separately

• Nook lighting must be on a separate switch in order to be counted as an “other space” and not part of the kitchen

• Recommended to separately switch different layers of the kitchen lighting

In the 2008 code: 150(k) 8In the 2013 code: 150(k) 3


2008 Kitchen: Additional Low-Efficacy WattageAdditional low-efficacy wattage “bonuses”• Up to 50 watts per dwelling in units < 2,500 sq. ft.

• Up to 100 watts per dwelling in units > 2,500 sq. ft.

The bonuses are available if the following conditions are met:1. In kitchens, all low-efficacy luminaires must be controlled by a vacancy

sensor, dimmer, EMCS, or multi-scene programmable control,

and

2. in garages, laundry rooms, closets over 70 square feet, and utility rooms, all luminaires must be high efficacy and employ vacancy sensors.

In the 2008 code: 150(k) 8


2013 Kitchen: Additional Low-Efficacy WattageAdditional low-efficacy wattage “bonuses”• Up to 50 watts per dwelling in units < 2,500 sq. ft.

• Up to 100 watts per dwelling in units > 2,500 sq. ft.

The bonuses are available if the following conditions are met:All lighting in the kitchen is controlled in accordance with the applicable provisions in Section 150.0(k)2, and is also controlled by vacancy sensors or dimmers.

In 2013 the code: 150(k) 2


Special CircumstancesAppliancesLighting that is part of an appliance is not regulated by the code

Blank Electrical BoxesCalculated and treated as 180 watts of low-efficacy lighting

Internal Cabinet Lighting• Not considered part of the kitchen

lighting for calculating 50%

• No more than 20W per linear foot of illuminated cabinet

• Lighting installed inside a cabinet may only be used to illuminate the inside of the cabinet


Cabinets: Measurement methods for 2013The length of an illuminated cabinet shall be determined using one of the following measurements, regardless of the number of shelves or the number of doors per cabinet section:

A. One horizontal length of illuminated cabinet; or

B. One vertical length, per illuminated cabinet section; or

C. No more than one vertical length per every 40 horizontal inches of illuminated cabinet.

In 2013 the code: 150(k) 4


Cabinets: Measurement methods for 2013The length of an illuminated cabinet shall be determined using one of the following measurements, regardless of the number of shelves or the number of doors per cabinet section:

In 2013 the code: 150(k) 4

C. No more than one vertical length per every 40 horizontal inches of illuminated cabinet.


Kitchen: Sample Floor Plan and Calculation

298 Square Feet


Activity: Consulting on Kitchen LightingQuestion: The designer of a new kitchen plans to submit her paperwork for a project beginning before November 2013. She plans to install six high efficacy 10.5W LED recessed downlights, and four high efficacy 18W linear LED under cabinet luminaires.

How many watts of low efficacy lighting can she install?

Answer:6 x 10.5W LED downlights = 63W4 x 18W LED undercabs = 72WTotal: 135 watts


Activity: Consulting on Kitchen LightingQuestion: Given that in a kitchen, the maximum wattage of low-efficacy lighting that can be installed is 135W, and the designer wants to use 40W incandescent lamps (bulbs) in single-socket pendant luminaires that have a relamping rated wattage of 90W.

How many incandescent luminaires can he install?

Answer:40W per lamp90W luminaire maximumOne single-socket pendant luminaire

All can lighting is fluorescent, 2700K, 26w. All the incandescent lighting (unless otherwise indicated as full-fluorescent) is a 50:50 match (or less) to the fluorescent and all are on dimmer switches. Under- and up-lighting is fluorescent. All fluorescent meets requirements for electronic ballasts rated 13 watts or greater. All recessed cans in insulated ceilings are IC-approved and certified airtight. Main Street Kitchens in Walnut Creek, CA

www.mainstreetkitchens.com

All fluorescent lighting, with the exception of the pendants over the breakfast bar.

Dave Adams Photography


Check Your UnderstandingQuestion:A home owner asks you:

“I am doing some kitchen remodeling. The kitchen lighting consists of six recessed incandescent cans, and I’m planning to replace one of them. Must the new luminaire be high efficacy?”

How do you answer?

Answer:

a. No, replacements are not counted in the requirement for high efficacy.

b. Yes, any luminaire replacement must be high efficacy until at least 50% of the total lighting wattage comes from high efficacy luminaires.

Main Street Kitchens in Walnut Creek, CAwww.mainstreetkitchens.com

http://www.mainstreetkitchens.com


Check Your UnderstandingQuestion:I am designing kitchen lighting for a 2,400-ft2 house under the 2008 code. My design exceeds the 50% low-efficacy lighting ratio. This design includes 208W of high-efficacy lighting. I plan to control the low-efficacy lighting in the kitchen with a multi-scene programmable control system and install both high-efficacy lighting and vacancy sensors in the garage, laundry room, all closets greater than 70 ft2, and the utility room.

How many watts of low-efficacy lighting can I install in my kitchen?

Answer:You are allowed an additional 50W of low efficacy lighting in the kitchen because the house is less than 2,500 ft2. You are also allowed less than or equal to 208W of low-efficacy lighting based upon the watts of high-efficacy lighting you are installing.

50W + 208W = 258W

Therefore, you are allowed to install up to 258W of low-efficacy lighting in the kitchen.


Check Your Understanding: 2013 codeQuestion:I am designing kitchen lighting for a 2,400-ft2 house under the 2013 code. My design exceeds the 50% low-efficacy lighting ratio. This design includes 208W of high-efficacy lighting. I plan to control the low-efficacy lighting in the kitchen with a multi-scene programmable control system and install both high-efficacy lighting and vacancy sensors in the garage, laundry room, all closets greater than 70 ft2, and the utility room.

Can I still use the bonus wattage of low-efficacy lighting in my kitchen? What other conditions apply in the new code?

Answer:You are allowed an additional 50W of low efficacy lighting in the kitchen because the house is less than 2,500 ft2 AND if the kitchen lighting is also connected to vacancy sensors. You are also allowed less than or equal to 208W of low-efficacy lighting based upon the watts of high-efficacy lighting you are installing.

50W + 208W = 258W

Therefore, you are allowed to install up to 258W of low-efficacy lighting in the kitchen.

All fluorescent can lights.Dave Adams Photography

Hidden LED cove lighting in kitchen/dining room/living roomDave Adams Photography


Check Your UnderstandingQuestion:I am installing puck lights under the shelves of cabinets with glass doors. Some of the lighting will inadvertently spill through the glass.

Is this still considered lighting only for the purpose of illuminating the inside of the cabinets?

Answer:Yes. This is still considered lighting for the purpose of illuminating the inside of the cabinets because the lighting system is specifically designed for illuminating the inside of the cabinets.

If a different lighting system, such as adjustable flood lights, is designed to project lighting onto surfaces external to the cabinets, that lighting will be considered permanently installed kitchen lighting and not internal cabinet lighting.


Activity: Lighting designOf the technologies we looked at earlier, which ones do you think would work well in the kitchen? Others that you use frequently?

LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: BATHROOMS, GARAGES, LAUNDRY ROOMS, CLOSETS, AND UTILITY ROOMS

2008 Bathrooms, Garages, Laundry Rooms, Closets, and Utility Rooms: RequirementsLighting High efficacy or controlled with a vacancy sensor

ControlsThe first switch does not need to be a fluorescent light fixture.High-efficacy and low-efficacy light fixtures must be controlled separately.

QuantityThe quantity of light fixtures is not regulated by the code.

Vacancy Sensor• Vacancy sensors must be manual

on/off and automatic off• Sensors cannot have an override

allowing the light fixture to be continuously on

• The maximum time delay to turn off is 30 minutes after the last detected motion

• Closets < 70 sq ft are exempt from controls requirement

In the code: see 150(k) 10

LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: BATHROOMS

2013 BathroomsLighting At least one luminaire has to be high efficacy

ControlsAll other lighting installed in each bathroom shall be high efficacy or controlled by vacancy sensors.

QuantityThe quantity of luminaires is not regulated by the code. (for all of the residence)

In the 2013 code: see 150(k) 5

LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: GARAGES, LAUNDRY ROOMS, CLOSETS, AND UTILITY ROOMS

2013 Garages, Laundry Rooms, Closets, and Utility Rooms: RequirementsLighting and controlsAll lighting must be high efficacy, or shall be controlled by either dimmers or vacancy sensors.

Exceptions• Closets less than 70 sq ft• Detached storage buildings less

than 1,000 square feet located on a residential site


LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: BATHROOMS, GARAGES, LAUNDRY ROOMS, CLOSETS, AND UTILITY ROOMS

Bathroom: Sample Floor Plan

228 Square Feet


All incandescent lighting is on a manual-on/automatic-off switch.


LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: BATHROOMS

Check Your UnderstandingQuestion:Is the factory-installed lighting system in a bathroom’s mounted medicine cabinet required to be either high-efficacy or controlled by a vacancy sensor?

Answer:If the factory-installed lighting in a medicine cabinet is designed to only illuminate the inside of the cabinet, and the lighting is controlled only by a door-activated switch, then the factory installed lighting is not regulated by the Residential Lighting Standards.

If the factory-installed lighting is connected to a manually operated switch, or the lighting is designed to illuminate or display contents of the cabinet when the door is closed, then it is considered permanently installed lighting and must comply with the Residential Lighting Standards.

LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: BEDROOMS

2008 and 2013 Bedrooms• High efficacy, vacancy sensor, or dimmer

• High-efficacy and low-efficacy light fixtures must be controlled separately

• Vacancy sensors must be manual on/off and automatic off

• Switched outlets (half-hots) do not require special controls

• Ceiling fans with incandescent light kits need one switch for the fan and one dimmer/vacancy sensor for the lights.

• High-efficacy: only one switch is needed, two are shown for flexibility

In the 2008 code: see 150(k) 7 and 11In the 2013 code: see 150(k) 7

LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: LIVING AND DINING ROOMS

2008 and 2013 Living and Dining Rooms• High efficacy, vacancy sensor, or dimmer

• Switched outlets (half-hots) do not require special controls

• Decorative option: use incandescent fixtures and dimmer(s)

• Ceiling fans with low-efficacy light kits need one switch for the fan and one dimmer/vacancy sensor for the lights (with high-efficacy kits, only one switch is needed)

LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: LIVING AND DINING ROOMS

Check Your UnderstandingQuestion:Can a ceiling fan with integrated lighting be a high-efficacy luminaire?

Answer:Yes. Ceiling fan light kits with integral CFL ballasts are available. Some LED lighting may qualify as high efficacy.

Some occupants are likely to prefer obscured lamps to visible lamps. When the ceiling fan is installed in a room other than a kitchen, bathroom, garage, laundry room and/or utility room, a less efficient alternative is to use incandescent lamps on a dimming circuit separate to the fan circuit.

LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: ATTICS & ENCLOSED PATIOS

2008 and 2103 Attics and Enclosed PatiosAttic

• If an vacancy sensor cannot “see” the entire attic, the occupant could be left in the dark

• High efficacy, dimmer or vacancy sensor

• Sensors must be manual on/off and automatic off

Enclosed Patio• An enclosed (unconditioned) patio

is considered an “other space”

• High-efficacy and low-efficacy light fixtures MUST be controlled separately

• High efficacy, or include a dimmer or vacancy sensor

LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: HALLWAYS

2008 and 2013 Hallways• High efficacy, vacancy sensor or dimmer• Vacancy sensors must view the entire space (this application may require

three-way switching as shown)

LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: OUTDOOR LIGHTING

2008 and 2013 Outdoor Lighting: RequirementsGeneral Requirements

• Do not apply to landscape lighting that is not attached to the building, residential parking lots, or garages for eight or more vehicles

• Must be high-efficacy, or controlled by a manual on/off switch, motion sensor, and a method automatically turn off lights during daytime

• Low-efficacy outdoor luminaires may have a temporary override switch which bypasses the motion sensing function for up to six hours provided that the override switch automatically reactivates the motion sensor

• Outdoor luminaires in or around swimming pools or water features are exempt from Title 24

• A manual off/on switch (no override to on)

Outdoor Motion Sensors• Must have automatic on/off operation

and photocells to keep lights off during daylight hours

• Must comply with the maximum 30-minute shut-off requirement

• Must view the space that it illuminates

Override SwitchLow-efficacy outdoor luminaires may have a temporary override switch which bypasses the motion sensing function for up to six hours, provided that the override switch automatically reactivates the motion sensor.

LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: FRONT PORCH

Front Porch Lighting Plan• LEDs are ideal for cold outdoor environment, as CFLs often are not

compatible with cold temperatures.

• The lifespan of LEDs are significantly longer than other lamp sources, requiring less maintenance.

• Although not required by the standards when using a high-efficacy fixture, including a motion sensor will provide light to occupants upon entering the space when no immediate access to a switch is available.

• For outdoor areas close to bedroom windows, high-efficacy luminaires are preferred over low-efficacy luminaires with motion sensors that may be triggered in the middle of the night.

LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: OUTDOOR SPACE

Outdoor Space Lighting Plan• Provide adequate lighting to support the function of the space and specific tasks

performed within it.

• Although not required by the standards when using a high-efficacy fixture, including a motion sensor (as shown) will provide light to occupants where there is not immediate access to a switch in a transitional space.

• Motion sensor coverage should not be too large, or lights will be triggered by street traffic or a neighbor’s motion. Most sensors have a sensitivity control to adjust the degree of motion and light that triggers them.

• In addition to the motion sensor and one of the three other lighting control options, the owner also must be provided with a manual on/off switch for low-efficacy luminaires.


Activity: Consulting on Exterior LightingQuestion: An applicant has the following outdoor lighting: A ‘flood’ light on the patio wall on a photocell with no override or bypass switch, two patio lights located just outside the sliding glass door, and an outdoor ceiling fan in a covered porch with a light.

Which fixtures must be high efficacy?

Answer:Outdoor lighting must be high efficacy unless controlled by all three of:1. Manual on/off switch2. Motion sensor3. Automatic photocell, time clock, or EMS

ALL of the fixtures (‘flood’ light not excluded)

All exterior LED lighting.

Dave Adams Photography


Check Your UnderstandingQuestion:My house has a row of small bollards along the walkway to the front door.

Do these have to be high efficacy?

Answer:No. The high efficacy requirement only applies to lighting mounted to the building.

LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: INTERNALLY ILLUMINATED ADDRESS SIGNS

2008 Internally Illuminated Address Signs• Cannot exceed 12 watts per sq. ft. internal illumination• Cannot exceed 2.3 watts per sq. ft. external illumination

Alternatives when equipped only with one or more of the light sources• High-pressure sodium• Metal halide lamps (with minimum efficiency)• Neon or cold cathode lamps (with minimum efficiency)• Fluorescent lamps (with a minimum CRI)• LEDs (with minimum efficiency)• Compact fluorescent lamps (not with screw-base socket)• Electronic ballasts (minimum 20 kHz)


LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: INTERNALLY ILLUMINATED ADDRESS SIGNS

2013 Internally Illuminated Address SignsConsume no more than 5 watts of powerORComply with the nonresidential sign lighting Standards in §140.8:

• Cannot exceed 12 watts per sq. ft. internal illumination• Cannot exceed 2.3 watts per sq. ft. external illumination

Alternatives when equipped only with one or more of the light sources• High-pressure sodium• Metal halide lamps (with minimum efficiency)• Neon or cold cathode lamps (with minimum efficiency)• Fluorescent lamps (with a minimum 80 CRI) + Electronic ballasts (minimum 20 kHz)• Compact fluorescent lamps with no screw-base sockets• LEDs (with minimum efficiency)



Check Your UnderstandingQuestion:I would like to install low-voltage landscape lighting in my yard highlighting a few trees.

Are these required to be on a motion sensor and have photocontrols?

Answer:No. Lighting not attached to a building is exempt from this requirement.

LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE: MULTI-FAMILY COMMON AREAS

2008 Low-rise Multi-family Common Areas

A multi-family complex consists of four or more dwelling units. A low-rise is considered a building with three or fewer stories.

• All hardwired lighting must be high efficacy or controlled by a occupant sensor

• The occupant sensor must be directly on the walkway and/or view the entire space

If the building has more than three stories the common areas must comply with the non-residential code.



2013 Low-rise Multi-family Common Areas

Lighting in corridors and stairwells of multi-family buildings must be controlled by sensors that reduce the lighting by at least 50% on vacancy.

In buildings with common areas that are ≤ 20% of the floor space:

• All hardwired lighting must be high efficacy or controlled by an occupancy sensor

In buildings with common areas that are > 20% of the floor space:

• Comply with non-res standards


Credit: The Hanover Co.


2008 Parking Lots and GaragesResidential Lots and Garages

• Residential standards apply to parking lots, carports and parking garages (attached and detached from dwelling unit) for seven or fewer vehicles per site

• Parking lots and carports must meet the residential outdoor lighting requirements

• Parking garages must meet the residential indoor lighting requirements: high efficacy orcontrolled by a manual-on occupant sensor

Non-residential Lots and Garages• Non-residential standards apply to

parking lots, carports and parking garages (attached and detached from dwelling unit) for eight or more vehicles

• Must meet the lighting requirements for non-residential buildings

• Must meet the power density limits for non-residential lighting standards

• Light fixtures must be controlled by a photocontrol or time switch that turns lights off when daylight is present

• Fixtures with lamps rated over 175 watts are designated as “cutoff,” limiting light emitted upwards

• Uniform lighting is desired to help eliminate shadows in corners and provide a sense of safety



2013 Parking Lots and GaragesResidential Lots and Garages

• Residential standards apply to parking lots, carports and parking garages (attached and detached from dwelling unit) for seven or fewer vehicles per site

• Parking lots and carports must meet the residential outdoor lighting requirements or the non-res requirements

• Parking garages must meet the residential indoor lighting requirements: high efficacy andcontrolled by a vacancy sensor

Non-residential Lots and Garages• Non-residential standards apply to

parking lots, carports and parking garages (attached and detached from dwelling unit) for eight or more vehicles

• Must meet the power density limits for non-residential lighting standards

• Light fixtures must be controlled by a photocontrol or time switch that turns lights off when daylight is present

• New construction or major alterations are required to comply with Backlight, Uplight, Glare ratings per IES TM-15-11

• Pole mounted luminaire > 75W and < 24 ft must include motion sensors that reduce lighting levels on vacancy.

• Other conditions apply, see sections: 110.9, 130.0, 130.2, 130.4, 140.7 & 141.0



Check Your UnderstandingQuestion 8:Does the lighting for an interior common-area hallway of a low-rise residential building with three or fewer dwelling units have to comply with the Residential or Nonresidential Lighting Standards?

Answer:It must comply with the Residential Lighting Standards.

A building with four or fewer dwelling units is not a multi-family building, but must comply with the Residential Lighting Standards since it is a low-rise building, three or less stories.

PART 5: COMPLIANCE PROCESS

• Walk-through of the Title 24 compliance process

• What is a Plans Examiner looking for?• What is Building Inspector looking for?

COMPLIANCE PROCESS

The Compliance ProcessDesignArchitects, engineers and designers must understand both the requirements and the underlying intent of the standards if they are to design buildings and systems that are inherently energy efficient and cost effective.

Permit ApplicationDesign teams must make sure that the plans contain all the information that the building official will need to verify that the building or system satisfies the requirements.

Plan CheckThe plans examiner of the local building department must verify that the building or system satisfies the requirements of the standards and that the plans (not just the compliance forms) contain the information to be verified during field inspection.

ConstructionContractors must carefully follow the approved plans and specifications, and the building department field inspector(s) must verify that the building or system is constructed according to the plans and specifications.

Acceptance CommissioningAfter completion of construction, the contractor and/or the design team must properly commission the building and its systems and provide information and/or training to the building operators on maintenance and operation of the building and its equipment.

OperationAfter occupancy, the building and its systems must be correctly operated and properly maintained.

COMPLIANCE PROCESS

Mandatory MeasuresMandatory measures required by both prescriptive and performance approaches include the following areas:

• Building envelope• Space conditioning, water heating

and plumbing• Ducts and fans• Pools and spas• Fireplaces• Lighting

COMPLIANCE PROCESS

Locally Adopted Energy StandardsLocal governmental agencies, primarily cities and counties, may adopt and enforce standards for newly constructed and existing buildings that are more stringent than Title 24. These can include:

• Shorter timeframes• Additional energy conservation measures• More stringent energy budgets• CALGreen or GreenPoint Rated

It is critical to check with your local building agency for additional requirements.

A list of all local ordinances exceeding the 2008 building energy efficiency standards is located at:http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/2008standards/ordinances/

Residential COMPLIANCE PROCESS

What the PE Is Verifying

Kitchen LightingDo Electrical Plans specify minimum 50% total rated wattage of permanently installed kitchen lighting to be high efficacy?

And does wattage total at least 50% high efficacy wattage?

Bathroom, etc. and “Other Room” Lighting

Do Electrical Plans specify any low efficacy lighting in these areas?

Does Lighting Schedule on Electrical Plans identify lighting to be installed with manual-on occupant sensor? Installed with dimmer? (In “Other Rooms”)

Outdoor Lighting

Is all permanently-installed outdoor lighting specified on Electrical Plans?

Do Electrical Plans specify any low efficacy outdoor lighting?

Are switching requirements specified on Electrical Plans?

Controls (Switching)

Residential Lighting Standards

What the BI Is Looking For• High efficacy installed lighting

OR• Applicable lighting control

alternatives (occupant sensors or dimmers)

• Cabinet lighting

• Drywall installed to limit infiltration and exfiltration, at lighting cans, HVAC registers and vents, electrical sockets, etc.

• Recessed luminaires

• Refer to Compliance Manual 6.11 Inspection Protocol for Recessed Luminaires in Insulated Ceilings §150 (k)12

Certificates of Compliance Worksheets Installation Certificates

Certificates of Field Verification and Diagnostic Testing

MF-1R [none] CF-6R-LTG-01 [none]

Residential COMPLIANCE PROCESS

What forms apply

PLAN REVIEW ACTIVITY:

Johnson Residence Plan

COMPLIANCE PROCESS

Pair/Team Activity: Review Johnson Residence Plan for Lighting

• Use the CF-6R-LTG-01 form and the MF-1R to check the Johnson Residence Plan for Lighting.

• Use your workbook, and excerpts from the Standards as needed.

COMPLIANCE PROCESS

Pair/Team Activity: Debriefing

PART 6: UPDATES AND RESOURCES

• CEC updates to the code• Additional Title 24 resources

UPDATES AND RESOURCES

2013 StandardsThe California Energy Commission has adopted changes to Title 24. http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/2013standards/rulemaking/documents/index.html

Start date: January 1, 2014


Residential Revisions: Interior lightingSwitching Devices and Controls1. High-efficacy luminaires must be switched separately from low-efficacy luminaires2. Exhaust fans must be switched separately from lighting systems3. Luminaires must be switched with readily accessible controls that permit manual on / off

switching4. No controls may bypass a dimmer or vacancy sensor function where that dimmer or

vacancy sensor has been installed for compliance

Electronic BallastsBallasts for fluorescent lamps rated ≥ 13 W must be electronic and have an output frequency ≥ 20 kHz.

KitchensA minimum of 50% of the total rated wattage of permanently installed lighting in kitchens must be high-efficacy lighting.


Residential Revisions: Interior lightingCabinetsLighting that is permanently installed inside cabinets may use no more than 20 W of power per linear foot of illuminated cabinet.

Regardless of the number of shelves or doors per cabinet section, the length of an illuminated cabinet must be determined using one of the following measurements:

1. One horizontal length of illuminated cabinet 2. One vertical length per illuminated cabinet section 3. No more than one vertical length per every 40 horizontal inches of illuminated cabinet

BathroomsA minimum of one high-efficacy luminaire must be installed in each bathroom. All other lighting must be high efficacy or controlled by vacancy sensors.

KitchensA minimum of 50% of the total rated wattage of permanently installed lighting in kitchens must be high-efficacy lighting. Bonus credit now tied only to the kitchen.


Residential Revisions: Interior lightingNight LightsPermanently installed night lights and night lights integral to installed luminaires or exhaust fans must be rated to consume no more than 5 W of power per luminaire and may not be controlled by vacancy sensors.

Garages, laundry rooms and utility roomsLighting installed in attached and detached garages, laundry rooms and utility rooms must be high-efficacy and controlled by a vacancy sensor.

Other AreasLighting installed in any rooms or areas other than those above must be high efficacy or must be controlled by either dimmers or vacancy sensors.


Residential Revisions: Exterior lightingFor single-family residential buildings, outdoor lighting permanently mounted to a residential building or other buildings on the same lot must generally be high efficacy.

Low-efficacy outdoor lighting must be controlled by all of the following:1. A manual on / off switch that does not override to on2. A motion sensor not having an override or bypass switch that disables the motion sensor,

or a motion sensor with an override switch that temporarily bypasses the motion sensing function and automatically reactivates the motion sensor within 6 hours

3. A photocontrol, astronomical time clock or energy management control system that does not have an override or bypass switch disabling the control and is programmed to automatically turn the outdoor lighting off during daylight hours


Residential Revisions: LED quality standardNew quality standards require all residential LED luminaires to be certified to the California Energy Commission.

Requirements include accurate color rendering (CRI 90 or above) and a warm color temperature similar to incandescent lamps (CCT: 2700K or 3000K).

See Title 24 2013 Appendix JA8-3


2008 Title 24 Residential Lighting Standardswww.energy.ca.gov/title24/2008standards


2013 Title 24 Residential Lighting Standardswww.energy.ca.gov/title24/2013standards


SCE T24 TRAINING CALENDARhttps://sce-web.ungerboeck.com/coe/coe_p1_all.aspx?oc=10&cc=COURSES


CLTC Websitecltc.ucdavis.edu

This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Course

PG&E

Pacific Energy Center / Energy Training Center-Stockton

residential lighting: title 24 and technology...

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