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Research & Reviews Journal of

Herbal ScienceISSN : 2348-9553(RRJoHS)

www.stmjournals.com

Jan -April - 2014

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Research & Reviews : Journal of Herbal Science

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† Phytoconstituents and Herbal formulations

† Herbal Biotechnology and Plant-Informatics

† Ethnoecology, Ethnogastrology and Ethnohorticulture

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drug Development Kolkota-91, India.

I take the privilege to present the hard copy compilation for the [Volume 3 Issue (1)] of Research &

Reviews: Journal of Herbal Science. The intension of RRJoHS is to create an atmosphere that

stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Herbal Science.

The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by

eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. RRJoHS provides an outlet for Research findings

and reviews in areas of Herbal Science found to be relevant for National and International recent

developments & research initiative.

The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for

the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and

research in the domain of Herbal Science.

Finally, I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board and Authors for

their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring write-

ups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With

regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality

Research/Reviews findings for our customers base.

I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra

Director

STM Journals

Director's Desk

STM JOURNALS

1. Ayurvedic Herbs for Oral Care – A Review Priya Madhavan, Arathy S. Lankupalli 1

2. Enhancement of Some Pharmaceutically Important Secondary Metabolites By in vitro Techniques Monika Kumari 6

3. Experimental Study on Collection Methods of Cassia fistula Fruit PulpMahipal D Jasani, Rasika Kolhe, TN Pandya, RN Acharya, VJ Shukla 15

4. Role of Unani Herbal Medicines in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications – A ReviewK. Mohd. Nasar, K.Tabassum, Yasmin, Mani Ram Singh 20

5. Sensory Characteristics of Sapote Fruit Juice Containing Asparagus racemosusJanani S. Ramasamy, K. Singaravadivel, R. Vidya 28

Contents

RRJoHS (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Research & Reviews: Journal of Herbal Science ISSN: 2348-9553

Volume 3, Issue 1

www.stmjournals.com

Ayurvedic Herbs for Oral Care – A Review

Priya Madhavan*, Arathy S. Lankupalli Saveetha Dental College, Poonamallee Campus, Chennai, India

Abstract Ayurveda is an ancient system of medicine and is a rich reservoir of resources even for

dental sciences. Ayurveda has mentioned various procedures for maintaining oral hygiene. These procedures are Gandusha, Kavala, and Dantadhavana and Jivha

Lekhana. There has been a change in thinking globally, with a growing tendency to “Go

green.” The WHO estimates that 4 billion people use herbal medicine for some aspect of primary healthcare. Most of the authors also described the application of various

medicinal plants which have least side effects and have multidrug-resistance property. An Ayurvedic medicine plays a great role in maintaining oral health. We enlighten few of

those Ayurvedic herbs here.

Keyword: Ayurvedic herbs, oral health, anti-inflammatory property

RRJoHS (2014) © STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Research & Reviews: Journal of Herbal Science ISSN: 2348-9553

Volume 3, Issue 1

www.stmjournals.com

Enhancement of Some Pharmaceutically Important

Secondary Metabolites By in vitro Techniques

Monika Kumari* K.L.P. College, Rewari, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India

Abstract Secondary metabolites are economically important as drugs, dyes and pigments,

pesticides, and food additives. The evolving commercial importance of secondary

metabolites has in recent years resulted in a great interest in mechanism of secondary metabolism, especially in the production of bioactive plant metabolites by means of tissue

culture technology. Plant cell and tissue culture technologies can be established for both

multiplication and extraction of secondary metabolites. Strain improvement, methods for the selection of high-producing cell lines, and medium optimizations can lead to an

enhancement in secondary metabolite production. Organ cultures and in vitro biomass production often have sites of synthesis and storage of secondary metabolites in separate

compartments. Elicitors, compounds triggering the formation of secondary metabolites,

also increase the production of secondary metabolites. Furthermore, in vitro production of secondary metabolites in plant cell suspension cultures has been reported from various

medicinal plants. The present review highlights the nature, applications and methods for scaling up commercial production of pharmaceutically valuable secondary metabolites

by in vitro tissue culture.

Keywords: Secondary metabolites, biosynthetic pathways, elicitors, immobilization,

plant tissue cultures, taxol, camptothecin, diosgenin, vinblastine and vincristine,

morphine and codeine, L-DOPA

RRJoHS (2014) © STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Research & Reviews: Journal of Herbal Science ISSN: 2348-9553

Volume 3, Issue 1

www.stmjournals.com

Experimental Study on Collection Methods of Cassia

fistula Fruit Pulp

Mahipal D Jasani, Rasika Kolhe*, TN Pandya, RN Acharya, VJ Shukla Institute for Post Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Gujarat Ayurved University,

Jamnagar, India

Abstract Therapeutic efficacy of the plant-origin drugs depends on many aspects of the source drug like cultivation, collection, processing, storage and pharmaceutical preparations.

Ayurveda advocates using Prashasta Bheshaja. Importance of drug collection method

along with structure of storage house (Bheshjagara) is highlighted in Ayurveda. Aragvadh (Cassia fistula L. Caesalpinaceae family) is considered as the best drug for

Mruduvirechna (mild laxative). Specific collection method of fruit pulp has been

recommended in Samhita but the recent text of Dravyaguna differs in the opinion regarding the days of burring of the pods in pits filled with sand. Therefore, an

experimental study was designed to study the effect on collection of Aragvadha fruit pulp and preliminary physicochemical parameters by putting pod under sand for different time

periods. Experiment was carried out on five samples, viz., sample A: non-buried pod;

sample B: buried for seven days; sample C: sample B kept for one month in a glass jar; sample C: buried for fourteen days; sample D: sample C kept for one month in a glass

jar. Effect of experiment was also observed on hardness of the pod, consistency of the

fruit pulp, organoleptic characters, total sugar, etc. The study concludes that Cassia fistula fruit pulp should be buried under sand for easy removal of its pulp. A marked

difference of physicochemical and quantitative phytochemical value of buried and non-

buried samples of Cassia fistula fruit pulp was observed. In buried samples, as the

number of days increase, the non-reducing sugar was found to be decreased significantly.

Only fully ripen pods should be collected and seven days are sufficient for the burring process.

Keywords: Cassia fistula, collection method, Aragvadha, Ayurveda

RRJoHS (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Research & Reviews: Journal of Herbal Science ISSN: 2348-9553

Volume 3, Issue 1

www.stmjournals.com

Role of Unani Herbal Medicines in the Management of

Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications – A Review

K. Mohd. Nasar1, K.Tabassum

2*, Yasmin3, Mani Ram Singh

4

1,3Dr. Abdul Haq Unani Medicinal College, A.P., India

2National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore, India

4Govt. Unani Medical College, U.P., India

Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a common and chronic metabolic disorder characterized by

increased blood glucose level. In Unani system of medicine, diabetes mellitus is known as

Ziabetus Sukkari. The prevalence of diabetes in India is 40.9 million and it is expected to be 69.6 million by 2025 if imperative preventive measurements are not taken. In this

condition, the patient will suffer from chronic hyperglycemia which leads to irreversible damage to vital organs. This damage is due to increased free-radical production and

oxidative stress. According to Unani concept, it is due to weakness of kidney, Sue Mizaj

Haar Kulliya (ill temperament of kidney), Burudat Kuliya (coldness of the kidneys), QawiQuwat-e-Jaziba (strong expulsive power) and Kamzor Quwate Masika (weakness of

retentive power). Hence the herbal medicines having the temperament of cold and wet and properties of tonic to the liver and kidneys would be more beneficial. Hence herbal

preparations having antihyperglycemic, antioxidant and protective effect of heart,

kidneys and nerves are more valuable. This review focuses on antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, cardio-protective, neuro-protective and nephron-protective effect of herbal

medicines documented in preclinical and clinical trials. These herbs are Jamun (Eugenia

jambolana), Karela (Momordica charantia), Tulasi (Ocimum sanctum), Bijasar (Pterocarpus marsupium), Gilu (Tinospora cordifolia), Methi (Trigonella foenum

graecum), etc.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Ziabetes, Sue Mizaj Haar Kuliya, vital organ damage,

Unani herbal medicine, anti-diabetic, antioxidant therapy and protective effect

RRJoHS (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Research & Reviews: Journal of Herbal Science ISSN: 2348-9553

Volume 3, Issue 1

www.stmjournals.com

Sensory Characteristics of Sapote Fruit Juice Containing

Asparagus racemosus

Janani S. Ramasamy1*, K. Singaravadivel

2, R. Vidya

2

1Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary College and Research Institute (TANUVAS),

Namakkal-637002, Tamilnadu, India 2Department of Food Microbiology, Indian Institute of Crop Processing Technology (IICPT),

Thanjavur-613005, Tamilnadu, India

Abstract In the present work, Asparagus racemosus (AR) root powder was incorporated into sapote juice (Race sapote juice) at various concentrations, namely, control, S1, S2, S3,

S4, S5 and S6 respectively. Sensory analysis was carried out for these samples.

Phytochemical analysis of A. racemosus revealed the presence of steroids, tannins, carbohydrates, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides and flavanoids. Nutritional analysis of Race

sapote juice was carried out, such as protein carbohydrates, tannins Phenol, flavanoids, iron, vitamin and acidity. All samples showed higher activity than the control. In

organoleptic evaluation, the highest mean score was recorded in all samples ranging

from 7 to 8, except the samples S5 and S6 showed the score point ranging from 5 to 6 whereas in control it was recorded as 8. Taste, flavor and overall acceptability for S1:S5

and S2:S6 values were not accepted at 5% level. For S2:S5, the value for flavor was not significant at 5% level. Taste and flavor values of S3:S5 were not significant at 5% level.

All other samples were accepted at 5% level.

Keywords: Asparagus racemosus, nutritional analysis, phytochemical analysis, Race

sapote juice, organoleptic evaluation