research in cyber infrastructure for engineering design: technical challenges ram d. sriram leader,...
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Research in Cyber Infrastructure for Engineering Design: Technical
Challenges
Ram D. Sriram
Leader, Design and Process Group
Manager, Manufacturing Metrology and Standards for the Health Care Enterprise
Manufacturing Systems Integration DivisionNational Institute of Standards & Technology
URL: http://www.nist.gov/msid
E-mail: [email protected]
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Production Planning Process PlanningClient/User
Collaborative Design
Engineering Specifications
Conceptual Design(Knowledge-based CAD) Traditional CAD
Analysis Virtual Prototype Environment
Immersive CAD
Design Evolution Database
VersionRevisionGeometryRationale….
Design Repository
Case StudiesComponent DataOther Resource Data….
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Globally Networked Engineering
•Engineering organizations are globally distributed networks
•Large scale engineering organizations are moving towards system integrators and suppliers
•Collaboration across the network varies from over the wall transfer of information to joint development
•Role of information technology is still limited in-spite of success stories such as Boeing 777.
•Recent efforts in PLM/KM is encouraging as the PLM initiative is focusing on strategic business approach for the effective creation, management and use of corporate intellectual capital.
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Factors in Achieving Seamless Networks of Design and Manufacturing
1. Connectivity: Bandwidth for large scale data and information transfer
2. Reach: The ability to access and provide right information that is distributed across the networked enterprise
3. Interactivity: The ability to interact with people, computational tools and physical tools across time and space
Any Cyber Infrastructure has to support along all these three dimensions
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Technical Challenges
1. Knowledge Management: Representation, Mining and Molding
FunctionBehaviorHeuristicsDesign Process……….
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Kinds of Ontologies
Terms
General Logic
Thesauri
formalTaxonomies
Frames(OKBC)
Data Models(UML, STEP)
Description Logics
(DAML+OIL)
Principled, informal
hierarchies
ad hoc Hierarchies
(Yahoo!)structured Glossaries
XML DTDs
Data Dictionaries
(EDI)
‘ordinary’Glossaries
XML Schema
DB Schema
Glossaries & Data Dictionaries
MetaData,XML Schemas, & Data Models
Formal Ontologies & Inference
Thesauri, Taxonomies
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Technical Challenges 1. Knowledge Management: Shared Information and
Knowledge
Intangible
Transient
Tangible(Product/Process)
Smith model
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Technical Challenges 1. Knowledge Management
2. Repositories: Capture and Reuse
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Initialstartupscreen
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Motoradded
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Gearboxadded
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Chuckadded
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Completedrill
model
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Simulation
Power vs. Speed simulation
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Power
Torque vs. Speed simulation
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Torque
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Technical Challenges 1. Knowledge Management
2. Repositories: Capture and Reuse
3. Immersive Environments
QuickTime™ and aYUV420 codec decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
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Technical Challenges 1. Knowledge Management
2. Repositories: Capture and Reuse
3. Immersive Environments
4. Standards
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Design-Manufacturing Integration
Traditional CAD
AP 203+
Design for X (Knowledge-based)
TCAD-KBCAD
Immersive CAD(Virtual Assembly)
Virtual Assembly AP
Process ConstraintsAssembly Constraints
Assembly Planning
New AP
Process Planning (NC)
New AP
(AP 203, 214, 224)
ManufacturingSimulation
New AP
SIF-LM
Solid Free Form Fabrication
AP 209, AP...
Analysis
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Communication Levels
PhysicalObject (ORBs)Content (Express, KIF, etc.)Design RationaleCommunication/Query (KQML, etc)Negotiation/Conflict Resolution
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PLM/KM and Standards
Discovery Conceptual Detailed Manufacture Testing Consumer Disposal
Design Design Quality Market
STEP/PDM
CPM/OAM
{Function, Form, Behavior, Requirements, Technology}
PLM SUPPORT
{Creation, Reuse, Management of IP}
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DESIGN ORGANIZATION
DESIGN ORGANIZATION
DETAILED DESIGN
Semantic Layer (OWL/RDF/XML)
Interface Layer (XML/RDF/Java)
DAML
JDBC/ODBC/XSQL
Process EngineeringCAPP/ MES
eCommerce Internet Auctions
Enterprise operation ERP/SCM
RosattaNet, SCOR
PSL BizTalk,ebXML,BPML, cXML...
Product Engineering CAD/CAE/CAM
Agents
Content ManagementSecurityDigital Rights Management
Archival Database server
STEPml, PDML, PDX
Visualization
Users
XrML, ORDL, DRM, IPR…
JX3D, U3D, JTOpen
Web Services
Current
Future
Content Layer
DISPOSALIDEATION
CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
PRODUCT USE
MANUFACTURING
DESIGN EVALUATIONDETAILED DESIGN
IDEATION
CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
DISPOSALPRODUCT USE
DESIGN EVALUATION
PLM/KM and Interoperability
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Self-integrating systemsSelf-integrating systems
Explicit, formal semanticsExplicit, formal semantics
Common models of dataCommon models of data
Self-describing systemsSelf-describing systems
Roadmap for Systems Integration
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Technical Challenges 1. Knowledge Management
3. Repositories: Capture and Reuse
3. Immersive Environments
4. Standards
5. Constraint Management
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Technical Challenges 1. Knowledge Management
2. Repositories: Capture and Reuse
3. Immersive Environments
4. Standards
5. Constraint Management
6. Negotiation Tools and Techniques
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Technical Challenges 1. Knowledge Management
2. Repositories: Capture and Reuse
3. Immersive Environments
4. Standards
5. Constraint Management
6. Negotiation Tools and Techniques
7. Database Organization and Access
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Database Organization and AccessTraditional (Short Duration)
Collaborative Design Framework
Design Analysis Visualization
Work Flow
Design Repository Design Evolution (PDM)
Case Studies
Component Data
Other Resource Data
….
Collaborative (Long Duration)Jim Mary
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Technical Challenges 1. Knowledge Management
2. Repositories: Capture and Reuse
3. Immersive Environments
4. Standards
5. Constraint Management
6. Negotiation Tools and Techniques
7. Database Organization and Access
8. Design supply chains
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The Supply Chain
MineDrill
DesignProcessMaterial
Manufacture
Store (Warehouse)Sell (Store)Use
Recycle(Bin)Trash
Recycle(Recycling Center)Dump
Drill
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Automobile Supply Chain: Example
Engine ValuesTRW Fuji Value, Inc, TNFuel Pump AssembliesDenso International America Inc,SCForged Steel CrankshaftsLouiville Forge and Gear WorksKYBrake ComponentsAmbrake Corporation, KYPlasticsNova Chemicals, Inc., PASheet SteelAK Steel Corporation, OHAutomotive Seats and InteriorJohnson ControlsEnginesChrysler PlantValue LiftersCastingsClaySupplierSupplierSupplierPlastic/RubberCarlisle Co. Inc.SeatsRecaro GmbH&CoInterior Comp.Becker Group
Airbags, etc.Delphi Automotive Systems
ManufacturerTier 1 SupplierTier 2 SupplierTier 3 SupplierToyota
FordChryslerGeneral Motors
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Types of Supply Chain Collaborations
Design Manufacture
1
2
34
56
8
7
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Design Supply Chain Issues
• Design management
• Outsource vs In-house
• Sensor based and RFID based management of maintenance and monitoring of production, supply chain, inventory and product performance
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Technical Challenges 1. Knowledge Management
2. Repositories: Capture and Reuse
3. Immersive Environments
4. Standards
5. Constraint Management
6. Negotiation Tools and Techniques
7. Database Organization and Access
8. Design Supply Chains
9. Remote Monitoring and Sharing
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Technical Challenges 1. Knowledge Management
2. Repositories: Capture and Reuse
3. Immersive Environments
4. Standards
5. Constraint Management
6. Negotiation Tools and Techniques
7. Database Organization and Access
8. Design Supply Chains
9. Remote Monitoring and Sharing
10. Security
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Acknowledgments
Rachuri Sudarsan, Eswaran Subrahmanian, Steven Fenves, Kevin Lyons, Simon Szykman,(with help from Chris Paredis) contributed to this presentation. Other members of the Manufacturing Integration Program working on various product engineering aspects are Shaw Feng, Xuan Zha, Sebti Foufou, Junhwan Kim, and Conrad Bock.