research as an open enterprise: an editor’s perspec1ve...springer nature’s oa principles •...

Researchasanopenenterprise:aneditor’sperspec1ve

PhilipCampbellEditor-in-Chief,SpringerNature

EPFL50thAnniversary18October2019

Acknowledgements

•  ElisaDeRanieri,ChiefEd.NatureCommunicaJons•  StavroulaKousta,ChiefEd.NatureHumanBehaviour•  SowmyaSwaminathan,HeadofPolicy,NatureResearch•  HenningSchoenenberger,SNdatadirector

•  Otherpublishers,incollaboraJonsandtheirowniniJaJves

Myroles

Myrolesinclude:-  overseecross-companyeditorialpoliciesandstandards;-  developcross-companyiniJaJvesdirectedattheSDGs.

Thistalkreflectsonopennessasseenthroughtheselenses

Contents

•  OAprinciples•  Policiesforopenness:integrity•  Policiesforopenness:disaggregaJon•  MulJdisciplinaryandmulJ-sectoropenness•  Theriseofthemachines•  Themoral

SpringerNatureandopenaccessmodels

SpringerNature’sOAprinciples

•  SpringerNatureiscommiVedtoafutureoffullandimmediateopenaccess.

•  GreenopenaccessisonlyforthetransiJonstage

•  DuringthetransiJon,SNintendstohighlightthebenefitsofOAprospecJvelyandretrospecJvelyinallitssubscripJonandhybridjournals.

Promo1ngopencomponentsofresearch

9

Openresearchisnotjustaboutpublishedpapers

10

Dataavailabilitystatement:•  Thedatasetsgeneratedduringand/oranalysed

duringthecurrentstudyareavailableinthe[NAME]repository,[PERSISTENTWEBLINKTODATASETS].

•  Thedatasetsgeneratedduringand/oranalysedduringthecurrentstudyareavailablefromthecorrespondingauthoronreasonablerequest.

•  AlldatageneratedoranalysedduringthisstudyareincludedinthispublishedarJcle(anditssupplementaryinformaJonfiles).

Manyjournals,includingNatureandBMC,requireallauthorstotellreadershowtheycangetholdoftheirdata.

Nature536,138(20016).Tolearnmoregoto

hVp://go.nature.com/2bf4vqn

Manda1ngadataavailabilitystatement

.

11

“Acondi/onofpublica/oninaNaturejournalisthatauthorsarerequiredtomakeuniquematerialspromptlyavailabletootherswithoutunduequalifica/ons.”hKp://www.nature.com/authors/policies/availability.html

Sharingcodeandmaterialsisequallyimportant

Openresearchcomponents:Suppor1ngreproducibility

14

Raisingrepor1ngstandardsinlifesciences

•  18-pointchecklistofreporJngstandardsforlifesciencepapers,keymethodologicalandanalyJcalparametersincludingstaJsJcs,statementofin-labreplicaJon,mandatoryreporJngonblinding,randomisaJon,samplesizeesJmaJon

•  RaisestandardsonreporJngofstaJsJcs,andscruJnyduringpeerreview•  EliminatelengthrestricJonsformethodssecJons•  Encouragelinkedstep-by-stepprotocols

15

SowmyaSwaminathan_SNEAG/Oct2019

83% of surveyed Nature authors felt that the checklist had significantly improved reporting of statistics within papers published in Nature journals

Impactofchecklistonpapersandresearchprac1se(2017surveyofpublishedNaturejournalauthors)

83%

58%

55%

30%

27%

4%

BeVerreporJngofstaJsJcs

IncreaseddatadeposiJoninpublicrepositories

BeVerreporJngofreagents

BeVerreporJngonanimalmodels

AdopJonofanJ-biasingpracJces

Other

Areaswherequalityhasimprovedfollowingimplementa1onofthechecklist

n=172

23%

28%27%

22%

Degreetowhichthechecklisthasseencon1nuedimplementa1onirrespec1veofplannedjournalsubmissioninthefuture

Toalargeextent

Toamoderateextent

Toasmallextent

Notatall

78% of surveyed Nature journal authors continue to use the checklist at least to a small extent with their continued work Roughly a quarter stating they were using it to a large extent.

Minimumstandardsworkinggroup

•  MulJ-publishercollaboraJon:GroupofjournaleditorsandexpertsinreproducibilityandtransparentreporJng(December2017)

•  NatureResearch(SpringerNature),PLOS,Science(AAAS),CellPress(Elsevier),eLIFE,Wiley,MalcolmMacLeod(UnivofEdinburgh);DavidMellor(CentreforOpenScience)


•  Newdrakframeworkandchecklist,andencouragingresultsofpilotteststobecommunicatedthismonth,forfurtherconsultaJon.

•  FinalpublicaJoninearly2020.


•  Newdrakframeworkandchecklist,andencouragingresultsofpilotteststobecommunicatedthismonth,forfurtherconsultaJon.

•  FinalpublicaJoninearly2020.Reproducibilitytakes1mespentbyresearchersandbyeditors.

LabculturemaKersmore!

FundersanduniversiJesneedtobeproacJveandtransparentabouthowtheyfosterahealthyresearchculture

Disaggrega1onoftheresearch

publishingprocess

22

“NatureResearchjournalssupportpos1ngofprimaryresearchmanuscriptsoncommunitypreprintserverssuchasarXivandbioRxiv.PreprintposJngisnotconsideredpriorpublicaJonandwillnotjeopardizeconsidera1onatNatureResearchjournals.PreprintswillnotbeconsideredwhendeterminingtheconceptualadvanceprovidedbyastudyunderconsideraJonatNatureResearch.”

Recognisingthevalueofpreprints

“WearenowofferingauthorswhosesubmiVedmanuscripthasbeendepositedinapreprintserver,andisselectedforpeerreview,theopJonofincludingtheirpaperonapubliclistofar1clesunderreviewatNatureCommunica/ons.Thelist,whichwillappearonourdedicatedwebsiteandwillbefreelyaccessibletoallwithoutregistraJon,willprovidealinktothepreprintontherecognizedpreprintserver.WehopethatbyofferingaddiJonalvisibilitytopreprintsthatareunderconsideraJoninourjournal,wewillnotonlybeabletoacceleratethedissemina1onofpoten1allyexci1ngscience,butalsocomplementourpeerreviewprocessbypromoJngwiderscruJnyofpreprintsandthusamoreholisJcreviewprocedure.”

hVp://www.nature.com/authors/policies/preprints.html

Disaggrega1onthatopposes

post-hocbias:pre-registeredreports

Pre-registeredreportsworkflow

Stage1

FromStavroulaKousta,NHB:

“Wehavereceivedmorethan130Stage1submissionssincethejournallaunchedinJanuary2017.Althoughourini/alsubmissionsweremostlyinpsychologyandneuroscience,wearenowreceivingsubmissionsfromanumberofdifferentfields,includinggene/cs,economics,andpoli/calscience.Thissuggeststhattheirappealisincreasinglyspreadingbeyondthedisciplineswheretheformatoriginated.”

Mul1disciplinary,mul1-sectorbenefitsofopenness

UNSustainableDevelopmentGoals

34 Upda1ngfooterToupdatethefooter:•  Clickintothetextboxonthe

slidemasterpageandupdatetheinformaJon

Checkingupdates•  Thetextupdateswillnotflow

throughtoalltheslidelayoutsassomehavebeenplacedmanually.Thereforeyoumayneedtomanuallyupdateothertextboxessuchasthedividerslidesetc

Solu1ons-orientedcontenttypes,whichdeservemore

supportandpres1ge





Casestudies





[TitleforpresentaJon/Datetogohere]





Expertelicita1ons





Systema1creviews

Systema1creviewsdatabase

Harves1ngtheliteraturesindepth:Riseofthemachines

Machine-basedsearchofscholarlyandotherliteratures

•  Searchwillbefast,broadanddeep•  Excludeshumanbias•  GreatformulJdisciplinarythemes

Themoralofallthisis:


Makingtheliteraturetrustworthyandusefultakesmoreeffortandinvestmentbyresearchers,funders,insJtuJonsandpublishersthaniscurrentlyhappening,withresultsthatarelesseasytomeasureandcelebratethanhiringyetmorepostdocsandpublishingyetmore(toookenshoddy)papers.


Thesearemajorchallenges,andweareallinthistogether!

Makingtheliteraturetrustworthyandusefultakesmoreeffortandinvestmentbyresearchers,funders,insJtuJonsandpublishersthaniscurrentlyhappening,withresultsthatarelesseasytomeasureandcelebratethanhiringyetmorepostdocsandpublishingyetmore(toookenshoddy)papers.

HappybirthdaytoEPFL(50)

HappybirthdaytoEPFL(50)andNature(150)

[email protected]

research as an open enterprise: an editor’s perspec1ve...springer nature’s oa principles •...

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