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The Association of Japanese Consulting Engineers (AJCE) was established in 1974, and
was approved by the Science and Technology agency of Japan (currently, Ministry of
Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) as a legal entity in 1977.
Representing Japanese consulting engineers, AJCE is a member of the International
Federation of Consulting Engineers (FIDIC).
AJCE strives to enhance the status and competence of private consulting engineers
(CEs) who are independent and impartial of manufacturers, contractors and others. By
doing so, AJCE contributes towards the advancement of science and technology,
development of industry, sustainable considerations in built-environment, as well as the
enhancement of human safety and welfare.
About AJCE
Address: 3-16-4, Ueno, Taito-ku,
TOKYO 110-0005 JAPAN
Tel : +81-3-3839-8471
Fax: +81-3-3839-8472
Email: [email protected]
Web:http://www.ajce.or.jp/en/index.htm
AJCE and its Activities Noriaki HIROSE 01
East Japan Disaster- Preliminary Report AJCE 03
"Liquidated Damages" - Japanese law perspective Naoki IGUCHI 09
FIDIC Red book 1999 will be applied to public work projects in Japan Shunji KUSAYANAGI 11
Forty Years, As Sanitary Engineer Masafumi MIYAMOTO 12
Railway as a Sustainably Developing Industry Hiroshi TANAKA 13
Present State of Consultant Selection in Japan Eiji KAWAKAMI 15- Trend of Procurement in Japanese Government
AJCE Activity 2010 17Activity of Young Professionals in 2010 19Young Professionals Exchange Programme(YPEP)2010 20
-Another success in technical and cultural exchangeAJCE Annual Seminar 2010 33
- Challenge of Consulting Engineers in the World MarketExpanding Overseas Business for Consulting Firms and an Outline of FIDIC Red Book 35
- Role and Practice of "The Engineer" -
Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members 37
Editor's note 55
AJCE Members
CONTENTS
NEWS LETTER 2011
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First of all, I would like to express my sinceregratitude for sending heartfelt and encouragingmessages to AJCE on the tragedy occurred onMarch 11. We thankfully received sympathyand condolence from FIDIC president, ASPACchair, FIDIC Member Associations and friends ofFIDIC families from all over the world. Though we are very much heartbroken by theloss of l ives and destruction, Consultingengineers have started forceful restorationworks and are continuing to endeavortechnical supports. In this News Letter, we included special articleson East Japan Disasters to deliver messages onhow our member firms are contributing to therestoration of the disaster areas and to supportfor community needs.
In the subsequent sections, firstly I would like toreview world trend surrounding our industry. Torespond the world trend, mission and role ofconsulting engineers are briefly addressed.Following this context, Activities of AJCE in 2010and Future Activities of consulting engineers,role of AJCE in particular, are reported.
World TrendAs a consequence of the profound climatechange observed in recent years, many peoplehave suffered from either large scale flooding orserious drought in many places around theworld. We had heavy snowfall this winter inJapan and it paralyzed transportation in thecities and affected the lives of many people. Itis certain that we are living in a time of seachange in world weather, although it is not onlyattributable to the issue of CO2 emission. We,the consulting engineers, should gear up fornatural disasters through our daily activities. Inparticular, Japan has a lot of experience whichcan be used to combat the various types ofnatural disasters and it is recognized that wehave to contribute to the world society bysharing and utilizing our effective technologyand accumulated knowledge.
Our MissionOn the other hand, the demand forinfrastructure development is booming and isbacked by very strong economic activities inemerging countries including those in Asia. Theinfrastructure development in developingcountries is realized with the assistance ofvarious funds provided by multi lateraldevelopment banks, bilateral corporationagencies and private investment. Needless tosay, project implementation based oninternational rules and practice is veryimportant if projects are to be completedsmoothly and successful ly. FIDIC and itsmember firms are taking key roles in this area. InJapan, the Japan International Cooperation
AJCE and its Activities
Noriaki HIROSEPresident, AJCE
President NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD
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NEWS LETTER 2011
Agency (JICA) extends technical and financialassistance to developing countries as well as toemerging countries for infrastructuredevelopment. JICA encourages the loanrecipient countries to use FIDIC conditions ofcontract for construction of the projectsfinanced by JICA. AJCE has been promotingFIDIC contracts in collaboration with JICA formany years. Last December, JICA organizedtraining workshops and assessment workshopsfor Dispute Board Adjudicator with the supportfrom FIDIC. Based on the outcome of theseworkshops, AJCE is contemplating the creationof National List of Japanese adjudicators in Maythis year. AJCE is willing to share our experiencewith those countries, especially in Asia, where.demand for National List is expected to grow.
Activities of AJCE in 2010
● FIDIC Annual ConferenceLast September AJCE sent 40 peoplecomprising AJCE members and their families tothe FIDIC annual conference in New Delhi. Thedelegates provided presentations in severalworkshops, introduced, via our exhibition stand,leading-edge technologies developed inJapan and enhanced relationships with othermember associations of FIDIC. During theconference period, AJCE participated in theGeneral Assembly Meeting of the Asia-PacificRegion of FIDIC (ASPAC).
● AJCE Annual SeminarAJCE held its annual seminar last July andfocused on the development of theinternational market for Japanese consultingengineers. The participants, not only fromconsulting firms but also from the public sectorand mass media, held active discussionsconcerning business challenges, technicalissues and inherent risks.
● Young Professional Exchange Program (YPEP)AJCE and Consult Australia (formerly ACEA)have maintained a Young ProfessionalsExchange Program since 1996. In 2010, sixyoung Japanese engineers visited Australia andwere provided with on-the-job training inAustralian consulting firms for 3 weeks. Aftercompleting this program successfully, they helda briefing session in Tokyo in November.
● FIDIC Contract SeminarJICA organized seminars on "ContractManagement for International Construction"based on FIDIC contracts in Tokyo, Jakarta andHanoi. Contract specialists of AJCE memberfirms supported the operation of these seminars.The seminars signif icantly contributed tocapacity building of staff in developingcountries that are engaged in publicprocurement and contract administration, andassisted in the smooth implementation ofJapanese ODA loan projects. In all, about 220people from 30 countries participated in theseseminars.
Future ActivitiesThe investment for new social infrastructure hasslowed down in Japan due to financialconstraints, even though the real demand is stillhigh. It is not certain whether the governmentcan allocate enough budgets even for thenecessary maintenance and renewal of existinginfrastructure. Under such circumstances, wehave to pass on our accumulated technologyand experience to the next generation andreinforce systems with which our technologicalassets can be improved, in order to cope withlooming natural disasters and to enable theenhancement of economic and social systems.I fully expect that AJCE will take an active rolein the cultivation of human resources not only inJapan but also in the world.
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1. Introduction
At 14:46 March 11, 2011,It started with slight shakes. Japan has a lot ofearthquakes. There are about 10 earthquakesthat we physically feel signif icant shakes.Therefore, at the outset, we felt it was one ofthese earthquakes. However, the shakes did notcease but grew larger. It turned into the largemagnitude that we couldn't stand up. Creakingsound surrounded over the office.Fortunately, there were no damages in the AJCEsecretariat. We swiftly accessed internet tocheck real-time earthquake information. Soleinformation was "strong earthquakes hit north-east of Japan". At this point, people in Tokyo didnot know the scale of disasters. People tried tocontact with family members by cell-phones tocheck safety, however, it was not functioning.Cell-phone providers controlled the systemagainst massive calls that may breakdown theentire system. While holding a cell-phone, wekept on watching internet about the progress ofinformation on the scale and magnitude of theearthquake. It started reporting casualties thatseveral hundreds of people were taken away byTsunami. Growing severity of disasters wasreported time to time. And in the next morning, people in Japan wereshocked by watching pictures broadcasted byTV news. "Is this real ?"
2. Earthquake2.1 Scale of EarthquakeMagnitude, scale of earthquake energy, was 9.0.It was the 4th worst in the history of observation."Seismic Intensity (SI)", unique indicator ofearthquake in Japan recorded SI 5 in Tokyo outof maximum SI 7. Areas exceeding SI 4 thatpeople feel strong shakes extended from theHokkaido (northernmost-island of Japan) to Aichiprefecture (southwest of Japan) affecting a halfof Japan.
2.2 Damages by EarthquakeDespite of severe disasters caused by Tsunami asmentioned in the subsequent section, most of
roads, railways and buildings could withstand theearthquake of magnitude 9 in the areas thatwere not afflicted by Tsunami. It is attributable tothe newly revised standard of earthquake afterHanshin-Awaji earthquake. Following this revision,anti-seismic reinforcement has implemented
NEWS LETTER 2011
East Japan Disaster- Preliminary ReportAssociation of Japanese Consulting Engineers (AJCE)
【Magnitude】1960 Chile Earthquake 9.52004 Sumatra Is Earthquake 9.21964 Alaska Earthquake 9.22011 East Japan Earthquake 9.0
～1995 Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake 7.5
【Seismic Intensity, SI】Amplitude of earthquake shake defined by theJapan Meteorological Agency (JMA). SI tends tobe larger near earthquake center or near-surfaceearthquake even at small magnitude. SI is classifiedin 10 scales (0～7):
SI 0～2：Do not feel shakeSI 3：Feel shakeSI 4：Hanging objects move significantlySI 5：Unfixed furniture fell down [Tokyo]SI 6：Difficult to stand, buildings may tiltSI 7：Wooden house collapsed [Miyagi]
【Distribution of Seismic Intensity in East JapanEarthquake】
[Japan Meteorology Agency]
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since then.Tokyo recorded Seismic Intensity of 5. Thoughthere were damages such as fel l-down offurniture and cracks in some parts of buildings,major damages to railways, elevated highways,etc did not occur. Railways stopped for a whileto secure safety and prevent damages fromaftershocks. Some of railways started in operationat 9PM, 6 hours after the earthquake. Bymidnight, most of railways in Tokyo metropolisareas went into operation except for East JapanRailways.Though there were cracks and damages withinallowable design standards in highways andharbor facil it ies in the areas where largerearthquake than Tokyo were observed, collapsedid not occur. This allowed passage of fireengine, self-defense force, police and vehiclescarrying supporting goods to devastated areas.In addition, buildings such as municipal offices,schools used for disaster countermeasures couldwithstand the earthquake of magnitude 9. Thesebuildings have been serving their role since theearthquake attack.
2.3 LiquefactionLiquefaction occurred in the bed-town areas ofTokyo and caused stoppage of sewage system.This area was developed by landfill and locatesin the coastal area of Tokyo bay. Liquefactionwas observed not only in the coastal areas butalso inland housing areas that were developedby landfill over the past riverbed.
3. TsunamiThe largest disaster ever occurred in the history ofJapan is largely attributable to Tsunami attacks after the earthquake. TheTsunami exceeded the wave height of 8m andmaximum run-up of 37.9m in elevation in Iwateprefecture. The maximum wave height ofTsunami were not measured due to destruction
NEWS LETTER 2011
【Anti-earthquake design Road bridge】Two design levelsLevel 1：No recovery is necessary to keep function
of structures against several earthquakesthat may occur in service life time
Level 2：Structure do not collapse (some damagesallowed) against signif icantly largeearthquakes whose occurrence rates issmall. Major important structures such astrunk roads can be repaired in short time
【Liquefaction Damage】
Uplifted manhole by liquefactionPhoto: Nihon Suido Cosultants
Bumped seawall caused by liquefactionPhoto: Chuo Kaihatsu
【Max amplitude of Tsunami】【Max. run-up height】A Erimo ：3.5m B Miyako：37.9mB Miyako ：over 5m*C Ofunato ：over 8m*D Ishinomaki ：over 7.6m*E Soma ：over 7.3m*F Oharai ：4.2m* Max wave height was not measures as tsunami
destroyed titdal gauges.[Japan Meteorology Agency]
[Quick Estimation by the Association of JapaneseGeographers]
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of tidal station. Tsunami easily overtoppedbreakwaters of 8m in height and flew into
residential areas. As consequences, it tore downand washed out everything.
NEWS LETTER 2011
【Tsunami Disaster】
Minami-Soma City, 2006 Minami-Soma City, Tsunami induced water reachedInland ©2011 Google, GeoEye
【Tsunami Disaster】
Ship drifted by Tsunami was trapped by bridge pier Center bridge girder was taken away by TsunamiPhoto: Oriental Consultants
Sewage treatment facility blocked by a heap ofrubble
Sewage treatment facility tangled by fish netsPhoto: Nihon Suido Consultants
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4. Degree of DisastersNumber of death and missing persons is morethan 27,000 leading to the most disastrous record.This number far exceeds Hanshin-Awajiearthquake disasters occurred in 1995 in whichnumber of casualties were 6,437. Majority ofcasualties was caused by Tsunami. Afflictedareas spread over 12 metropolitan, prefecturaland municipal governments.
5. Power ShortageIn the subject disasters, Fukushima-1 nuclearpower stations, large scale thermal powerstations in Fukushima and Ibaragi prefectureswere affected by Tsunami attacks and electricitygeneration was stopped. As the result ofelectricity failure, shortage of electricity supplyoccurred in Tokyo metropolis. Rotating blackoutfor about 3 hours was conducted at localmunicipalities. In April, blackout was ceased dueto recovery of some power stations and rise in airtemperature leading to less electricityconsumption by heating. However, electricityshortage continue to exists and power savingmeasures has been in operation.
6. Efforts by AJCE MembersNippon Koei established disaster countermeasureheadquarters right after the earthquake lead bypresident Mr. Hirose. They started confirmingsafety of staffs and family members by utilizinginternal safety check system and emergencycommunication network. On Monday 14th
March, he sent messages to all the firm members.At the same time, other members of AJCE,Oriental Consultants, Pacific Consultants, NJSConsultants, etc have established disastercountermeasure headquarters in the vicinity ofafflicted areas to check safety of firm staffs andtheir family members as well as to investigatedamages.
NEWS LETTER 2011
【Damage Overview】Death 14,013Missing persons 13,804Total 27,817
Total collapse/ burnout/ flush out 62,607Half collapse/ half burnout 25,193
Number of evacuees: predicted over 450,000[As of 20 April, Police Agency]
Total damage of infrastructure and buildings16 to 25 trillion Japanese yen
[As of 23 March, Cabinet Office]
Escalator was stopped for electricity saving.
In subways, some fluorescent bulbs for electricity saving.
【Tsunami Disaster】
Site of flooded sewage treatment Facility Flooded sewage treatment facilityPhoto: Tokyo Engineering Consultants
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Member firms distr ibuted foods, water andnecessary goods to their firm members andfamily right after the earthquake as well as to thedisaster victims. NJS Consultants donated 120kgof rice, 350 sets of instant foods to the city ofSendai. Chodai offered the following goods toTohoku University hospital: water, foods, cassetteburners, compressed gas cylinders, and portablewater heaters that were jointly developed byChodai and Pal corporation.And more, AJCE member f irms have beencontributing for various recovery and supportingactivities.Nihon Suido Consultants is engaging in damageinvestigation and drafting of recovery plan onentire sewage system such as pump stations,sewage lines, and sewage treatment facilities.They are further contributing to damage survey,geological investigation and designs necessaryfor recovery of river function.
Pacific Consultants have been working fordamage investigation of roads, bridges, tunnels,etc. They are further engaging in design anddrafting of recovery countermeasures. Currentlythey are requested to participate in committeesin charge of Disaster waste treatment, andEmergent energy measuresTokyo Engineering Consultants (TEC) conductedflood prediction in Miyagi prefecture in the mainsewage lines, incase of increasing sewagedischarge in the course of sewage systemrecovery right after earthquakes. Utilizing theresults of prediction, TEC examines vulnerablepoints that need reinforcement. TEC has furtherinvolved in recovery of sewage treatmentfacilities and sewage networks.Oriental Consultants have engaged in disasterrecovery measures such as damageinvestigation on national roads and major accessroads as well as inspection of bridges, harborfacilities.
Chodai is conducting bridges damageinspections. Chuo Kaihatsu Corporation isworking on damage investigation.
7. Transportation Infrastructure Recovering withGreater Urgency
As mentioned in the preceding section, thesubject earthquake of magnitude 9 was the forth
NEWS LETTER 2011
Photo: Nihon Suido Cosultants
Photo :Oriental Consultants
【Portable Water Heater】Jointly developed by Chodai and Pal corporation.
It contains aluminum bag, heat-inducing agentand water. After mixing water and heat-inducingagent in aluminum bag, it generates heat bychemical reactions. It can be used for heatingbaby bottle, pet bottle or canned drink.Temperature in the affl icted areas in Marchrecorded below 3 degree C. Warm drink wasappreciated at the devastated area where no gasand electricity were available.
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worst in the history of observation. Despite of thestrong magnitude, infrastructures such as roads,harbors, airports, etc withstood against theearthquake. Owing to exhausting efforts byconcerned parties, emergency vehicles wereable to pass on highways in the next day. After 2weeks, on 24th March, regular vehicles were ableto pass highways. Fifty percent of harborsresumed operation one week after the
earthquake. All of them went in operation after 2weeks while supporting to deliver goods andpeople in afflicted areas. Fifty percent of the Tohoku Shinkansen (bullettrain) has recovered its service after 2 weeks ofthe earthquake except for some areas severelydamaged by Tsunami. Sendai Airport flooded byTsunami resumed its normal operation on 13th
April, one month after the Tsunami. Large-scaledisasters l ike we experienced this t ime,transportation plays a vital lifeline role. Rapidrecovery of transportation infrastructure has beencontributing significantly in rescuing people anddelivering goods to afflicted areas.
8. "GANBAROU NIPPONN" (Hang on Japan)We received heartfelt and encouragingmessages from FIDIC president, GregsThomopulos and many FIDIC family members. Allof these messages were conveyed to AJCEmembers through e-mails and home page. All ofAJCE members are very much cheered up byfriends of FIDIC families. We would like to expressour sincere thanks to you all. It is our deep sorrow to have many casualtiesand countless damages. We are acutely awarehow helpless it is in such circumstances. However, people in Japan never give up."GANBAROU NIPPONN"(Hang on Japan) ascommon word, we will surely recover from thedevastation. Members of AJCE as consultingengineers will be continuously endeavor toachieve swift recovery and realization of disaster-resistant city in harmony with nature.
NEWS LETTER 2011
【Recovery History of Transportation Infrastructure】
[Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport andTourism]
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
3/11 3/12 3/13 3/14 3/15 3/16 3/17 3/18 3/19 3/20 3/21 3/22 3/23 3/24 3/25
Recoverr
y r
ate
[%
]
Airport(Emergency)
High Way(Emergency)
NationalRoad
Harbor(Emergency)
Shinkansen
Cherry blossom convey spring message20 April Sendai City
【Emergent Earthquake Advance Report】Alarm warning system of informing prior arrival ofearthquake via TV, radio and cell-phone thatexceeds magnitude of 5 based on data taken byseismic instruments near the earthquake center.Average time elapsed from preliminary tremor of Pwave to alarm warning is about 6.4 seconds.Though lead time before arrival of earthquake isshort after the alarm warning, one can stay awayfrom furniture or unstable objects. Railways aresynchronized with alarm warning system in such amanner that trains will stop immediately at time ofalarm warning to prevent from derail ing andoverturn. Elevator will stop automatically at thenearest floor to prevent from containment.
[Japan Meteorological Agency]
Emergent earthquake advance report on TV
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1. Introduction
"Liquidated damages ("LDs")" is one of the mostfrequently discussed issues in the construction lawcommunity. Sometimes, it leads to otherimportant issues like the "principle of prevention,""time at large," etc. However, discussions inconnection with LDs differ in civi l law andcommon law. In civil law jurisdictions, once theparties to the FIDIC contracts agree for thegoverning law to be the local law, issues becomedifferent from what is normally discussed, and theparties need to prepare their arguments from adifferent legal perspective. As Japan has beenapplying "civil law" since 1898, the Japaneseperspective may help in understanding howother Asian civil law jurisdictions apply or willinterpret and apply LDs to actual cases.
2. Civil Code
Article 420, entitled "liquidated damages," setsforth:
(1) [T]he parties may agree on the amount ofthe liquidated damages with respect tothe failure to perform the obligation. Insuch case, the court may not increase ordecrease the amount thereof;
(2) [T]he l iquidated damages shall notpreclude the demand for performance orthe exercise of the cancellation right;
(3) [A]ny penalty is presumed to constituteliquidated damages.
As can be seen, LDs are clearly legal underJapanese law. The court is prohibited againstincreasing or decreasing the amount. Unlikecommon law jurisdictions, a party's usage of the
word/concept "penalty" does not influence thevalidity of the clause. Furthermore, a contractualpenalty (iyaku-batsu) is valid in Japan. If partiesuse the word "penalty" in their contract, it is likelythe court will interpret it as a contractual penalty,not LDs. In this case, an aggrieved party mayclaim actual damages as well as a contractualpenalty.
On the other hand, it should be noted that a LDsclause may be triggered only if a contractor isl iable for its breach of the contract. Anadvantage of the LDs clause to the employer islimited to the amount of damages.
3. Case law of common law and Japanese law
In common law, an employer cannot insist on theperformance of a contractual obligation by acontractor if it is itself the cause of the non-performance ("prevention principle").
If the employer wishes to recover liquidateddamages for failure by the contractor tocomplete on time in spite of the fact that someof the delay is due to the employer's own fault orbreach of the contract, then the extension oftime clause should provide, expressly or bynecessary inference, for an extension onaccount of such fault or breach on the part ofthe employer (Peak Construction (Liverpool) vMcKinney Foundations Ltd).
Japan does not have exact precedents similar toPeak. In stead of relying on "prevention principle,"Japanese mainstream legal theory provides that,regardless of a LDs clause, a contractor may beable to deny LDs if he can prove that the delaywas caused by the employer's fault. Furthermore,
NEWS LETTER 2011
"Liquidated Damages" - Japanese law perspective
Naoki IGUCHI Affiliate Member, AJCE
Partner, Anderson Mori & Tomotsune
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even thought a LDs clause is triggered, theSupreme Court of Japan upheld a High Court'sdecision to reduce 30% of the amount of LDsunder the "comparative negligence" theory(Furuya v Sugiyama Construction, 172 Minshu379). Some scholars are quite against theSupreme Court's approach in this case becauseit undermines the function of LDs, although it didnot directly interfere with the application of LDs.However, the Supreme Court's position is well-established. It is not sure that this position is basedon or influenced by positions of other civil lawcountry (France, Germany, etc.) where the courtmay interfere to deny or reduce the amount ofLDs.
4. Practice
It is fairly common in Japan to insert a LDs clauseinto commercial contracts. Article 30 of the"General Conditions of Construction Contract(2010)," (the "General Conditions", which havebeen predominantly used in domesticconstruction contracts) provides:
(1) [I]f the Contactor fails to deliver thepermanent Work within the Contract Timedue to reasons attr ibutable to theContractor, the Owner may, unlessotherwise provided in the Contract, foreach calendar day of delay, make aclaim for liquidated damages against theContractor at the rate of four-tenthousandths (4/10,000) of the amountdeducting from the Contract Sum anamount equivalent to the portion of theContract Sum that is for the executedportion of the Work and the inspectedmaterials and building equipment.
These General Conditions correspond with themainstream legal theory in Japan that LDs maynot be triggered if an employer contributed tothe delay; because an employer needs to provethat the delay is "attributable to the Contractor."In other words, where the completion of work isprevented by an employer, delay should beattributed to the employer and LDs shall not betriggered. This logic appears to work similarly tothe common law "prevention principle."
5. What's Next?
Japanese major players in the constructionbusiness have adapted themselves tointernational construction law practices, whichhad been mainly ruled by the common law. Theynoted the difference between common law andcivil law, and separated their legal teams forinternational projects from those for domesticprojects. However, with more projects in newlydeveloped countries throughout the world, i.e.,Vietnam, Indonesia, Cambodia, and othercountries in South America and Africa, a "new"problem with handling LDs in civil law jurisdictionshas arisen. It is now time for us to see how theydiffer from the common law and other civil lawjurisdictions.
NEWS LETTER 2011
NEWS LETTER 2011
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At present, approximately 70 Japaneseconsulting firms and more than 100 constructioncompanies are expanding their business in theinternational construction market places.Japanese consulting firms keep about US$ 600million turnover in international markets, which isabout 10% of the volume of the domesticbusiness. Construction companies, on the otherhand, handle approximately US$ 400 billion worthper year in domestic markets, but get only US$ 10billion turnover in international markets. It is only2% of the business volume of the domestic. Theproblem is that the share of business in theinternational market, both in consulting servicesand construction projects have been on thesame level since mid 1980s. It means that theydid not increase their competitiveness in theinternational market over the past 25 years. Whywere they reluctant in keeping internationalcompetit iveness although they have welladvanced design and constructiontechnologies?It may be attributable not having appropriateproject management capabil it ies that arerequired for the international constructionmarket. Most of people who work in theinternational projects feel that their weakness inthe project management is connected to themanagement of Contract Administration.Despite of their long experience in theinternational market, why are they soincompetent? The basic reason may beattributable to the characteristics of contractsystems in the domestic market. The ConstructionBusiness Act in Japan says that the Owner andthe Contractor shall bona fide (face free andhonestly) execute the contract. The industry has2 Standard Conditions of Contracts, one forpublic work projects and the other for privateprojects. However, both of them are based onLump-sum contract. It means that the industry
has only one type of contract that is Lump-sumcontract, no other types. It is an essential understanding that the Lump-sum type contract will be applied to Design-Buildprojects. In Japan, however, it is a common waythat the Lump-sum type contract will be appliedto the design-bid-build projects. Moreover theStandard Conditions of Contract for publicprojects is based on the 2 Parties ExecutionSystem. It has no third party involvement like "theEngineer" in FIDIC conditions of contracts. The situation has changed now. The Ministry ofLand, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)has decided to apply FIDIC Red book 1999 onthe domestic public work projects. Pilot projectswill be implemented starting from the beginningof April 2011. This application will be a significantissue that will motivate the Mother market ofconsulting firms and construction companies forintroducing international business practice. Asthe consequences, it can be expected thatinternational competitiveness of consulting firmsand construction companies will increase. The Mission that we consulting engineers have toachieve is not only raising our competitiveness inthe international market, but also to increase ourvisibility through the fairness, and transparency inthe practice of domestic contracts. It is expectedthat the members of AJCE would initiate thisMission.
Dr. Shunji KUSAYANAGI Affiliate member, AJCE
Professor, Kochi University of Technology
FIDIC Red book 1999 will be applied to public work projects in Japan
Conditions of Contract for Construction [Red book]First Edition 1999
Left: English Right: Japanese
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NEWS LETTER 2011
More than forty years ago, when I graduatedfrom Tokyo University, and joined TokyoEngineering Consultants, I had never dreamedthat I would work for a single companythroughout my career. At the very last stage ofmy working days, my chance to move out fromthe present company is said to be despairinglyscarce. However, I rather appreciate my servicesfor the company.
More than forty years of my services are clearlydivided into four phases, i) 1969 to 1980, 11 years,for domestic division, ii) 1981 to 1995, 14 years, foroverseas division, iii) 1995 to 2005, 11 years,management for domestic and administrationdivisions, and iv) 2005 to present, 5 yearsmanagement for overseas division.Approximately half of my professional career hasbeen devoted for domestic projects and theremaining for overseas projects. Throughout mycareer, even during managing administrationwork, I have been working as a sanitary engineerspecialized in sewerage, wastewater treatmentand water pollution analysis.
When I was involved in domestic projects at earlystage of my career, I was given chances to visitmany cities and regions all over Japan. Most ofthe projects in which I was involved were locatedin Tokyo Metropolis and in its neighboringprefectures. Besides, I visited Nagasaki and SagaPrefectures in Kyusyu Island, Tottori Prefecture inTyugoku Region, Toyama and IshikawaPrefectures in Hokuriku Region and MiePrefecture in Kinki Region. Sewerage projectswere progressively promoted by the centralgovernment at early 1970s', and a new masterplanning methodology was introduced toenhance implementation of sewerage projects.
Learning a new idea or methodology is a task foryoung engineer, and I could enjoy hoppingaround many places.
Getting to be involved in overseas projects wasmy long desire. This was realized in 1976 when Iwas given an opportunity to join the JapanInternational Cooperation Agency (JICA)'smission to Malaysia. This was the first JICA'ssewerage project. It was really a greatopportunity to tap the interesting challenges ofoverseas projects. Luckily, I was secondedtemporary to the other consulting firm to carryout master planning of the project. A few yearslater, in 1980, overseas division was created in ourcompany to seek overseas projects funded byJICA. Luckily again, our firm was successful to getan overseas project, and I could be a member ofthe project team. Since then I was involved inseveral overseas sewerage projects funded byJICA. I was also engaged in Cairo wastewatertreatment plant project funded by OverseasEconomic Cooperation Fund (OECF, nowmerged with JICA). I was staying in Cairo with myfamily for two years and half to completedetailed design of a huge wastewater treatmentplant. Unfortunately, Japanese Yen Loan was notrealized for the construction of the plant, I couldnot stay for the next phase of the project. It wasa good chance not only for me but also all of myfamily, three young children in particular, toacquaint with foreign culture.
I have been a board member of our firm forapproximately 15 years now. Nevertheless, I stillenjoy being a member of the overseas projectteam as a sanitary engineer.
Masafumi MIYAMOTO Vice President, AJCE
Vice President, Tokyo Engineering Consultants Co. Ltd.
Forty Years, As Sanitary Engineer
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1. IntroductionAt the opening ceremony of "FIDIC 2009 LondonConference", the Princess Royal Ann providedinternational greeting. She said. "In the middle of18th century the Industrial Revolution includingrailway had started from England, and now in the21st century engineering consultants' innovationto sustainable development is starting here."In the subsequent sections, I would l ike tointroduce sustainability and innovation of railwaywith its short historical guidance.
2. Progress of RailwayAfter James Watt invented the steam engine in1769, George Stephenson used a new engine onthe steam-locomotive and his passenger-trainbegan to serve between Liverpool andManchester in 1830. In the Industrial Revolution age, stem-locomotivetrains ran in the Europe and North America.In the half of 20th century, the moreindustrialization developed, the more highwaysand air l ines spreaded over the world.Environmental concerns by exhaust gas becameglobal problem. In this circumstance, theelectrical rai lway has progressed in two
categories. The first category is urban train suchas subway, LRT (Light Rail Transport) and MRT(Massive Rail Transit). They operate mainly in themetropolitan area. The second category is highspeed train connecting large cities such as"Shinkansen" in Japan, TGV in France, ICE inGermany, Euro-train between England andFrance.
3. Main Technical Concepts of High Speed Train in caseof ShinkansenRecently high speed railway projects are undercontemplation in India, Brazil, Russia, and USA,etc. Regarding this recent trend on high speedrailway, it is worth re-examine main technicalconcepts which were imposed on constructionof the first Shinkansen that ran between Tokyoand Osaka.Chief project engineer was Hideo SHIMA, directorof Japanese National Railways. His supremeprinciple was to secure absolute safetybeforehand, no-existence of train-collision indesign, construction and operation stages. The main technical concepts were as follows:• Construction of truck is on the viaduct or in the
tunnel, therefore any railway crossing do notexist.
• The train is composed of electric multiple units. • The motor mounted in each wheel-shaft is used
as driving power and as braking power. • The train operation is controlled by ATC
(Automatic train control). • Comprehensive traffic control system is
operated by CTC (Center of traffic control). • The diagram of train is designed like parallel line
of velocity so as to increase number of trains. • Trains operate from 6 to 23 o'clock while
keeping maintenance time from 23 to 6o'clock.
NEWS LETTER 2011
Dr. Hiroshi TANAKA Director, AJCE
President, Tanaka Hiroshi Consulting Engineer Office
Railway as a Sustainably Developing Industry
Princess Royal Ann at FIDIC-2009
14
After 5 years of Shinkansen operation, HideoSHIMA was awarded "the international prize ofJames Watt" in 1969. It was the 200th yearanniversary of Watt's invention of the steamengine. This honorable prize is now called asEngineer's Nobel prize.
4. Progress of Shinkansen In the recent years, Shinkansen has furtherimproved as followings:• Body of vehicle is made of aluminum to make
body lighter weight while keeping requiredstrength.
• Electric motor is upgraded from direct currentmotor to asynchronous motor connecting withelectronic control system of large capacitysemi-conductors.
• Automatic inclination of body at the curvezone retains train velocity.
• Earthquake prediction and disaster preventionsystem is introduced to stop the train before theearthquake hit the train.
• Structure of viaduct is reinforced against strongearthquake in the horizontal direction.
• To further reduce noise, noise protection wall atboth sides of truck and new type ofpantograph are used.
These continuous improvements maintain therecord of zero accident of the travelers since thefirst day of Shinkansen operation in1964. Now thesame technology is introduced in high speedtrains in England, in China, etc.
NEWS LETTER 2011
Shinkansen at Tokyo Station 2011/02/17
15
1. Background With the collaboration of FIDIC, AJCE has beenpromoting QBS in procurement of public works inJapan. This endeavor contributed significantly forthe establishment of Quality Assurance Act,enacted April 2005. This Act became the basis tointroducing selection of consultants by technicalproposal (QBS). Despite of this trend of QBS development, recenteconomic down-turn and harmonization amongMulti- lateral Development Banks (MDB)influenced Japanese Government and ODAexecuting entity (JICA) to expand the projectdelivery including QCBS.This article reports recent trend of consultants'selection, as to why QCBS was introduced andhow we cope with such development in Japan.The World Bank initiated procurement by QCBS in1997. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) alsofollowed QCBS and this trend expanded in manymulti-lateral and bi-lateral development banks. However, FIDIC has been emphasizing QBS to bethe best procurement method continuously for along time. In particular, Quality Based Selectionfor the procurement and consulting services(1997) and the FIDIC Guidelines for the Selectionof Consultants (2003) show the reasons why QBSshould be used in the selection of consultants. In Japan, with the support of FIDIC, consulting
firms and related associations have beencontinuously pressuring governments to selectconsultants for their infrastructure projects bytechnical ability.As a result, selection of consultant by technicalproposal (QBS) was adopted in 2000 and thisselection method for the procurement ofconsulting service in infrastructure projects hasbeen implemented mainly by the Ministry ofLand , Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism(MLIT), Government of Japan.
This led the establishment of new law "Act forEnsuring the Quality of Public Works" (QualityAssurance Act) April 1, 2005. The law emphasizedthat the quality of the project should be assuredby selecting a contractor or consultant primarilyby quality (qualification and technical proposal). Recent economic down-turn and harmonizationamong MDBs have influenced the public worksprocurement as well as Quality Assurance Act inJapan that a bid is evaluated both in Qualityand Cost (QCBS) with due consideration to otherrelevant factors. The cost factor came into theselection process.
2. Initiative of MLIT after enforcement of QualityAssurance Act Following the modification of the QualityAssurance Act, number of projects adopting theQCBS has increased rapidly. Though QCBS is nota favorable method, it is still a better option thanCBS which has been introduced for a long time. As the consequences of the modified QualityAssurance Act, selection method has shifted fromtraditional CBS to QCBS. In the followings arehistories of government init iatives afterenforcement of the Quality Assurance Act:2005.4 Enforcement of Quality Assurance Act
Trial implementation of both QBS andQCBS started.QCBS: Ratio of Quality (T): Cost (C) = 1:1,2:1 and 3:1
2007.4 Low-bid investigation after contract.The investigation was to check how manycontract winners bid lower than 70% ofthe predetermined estimate ofgovernment and to prevent from lowprice competition.
2009.3 Guideline for QBS and QCBS was drafted.2010.4 Enforcement of Quality Assurance Act to
prevent low-price bidding.
NEWS LETTER 2011
Eiji KAWAKAMI Chair, Quality Based Selection Sub-committee, AJCE
CTI Engineering Co., Ltd
Present State of Consultant Selection in Japan-Trend of Procurement in Japanese Government-
16
As low-price bidding continued,government strengthened pre-evaluationbefore contract. If evidence arises as aresult of low-price investigation, technicalscore is reduced.
3. QBS and QCBS UpdateCBS : decreasing, QCBS: increasing,QBS: decreasing(refer to the Table and Figure below)
4. Challenges and ProspectAfter introduction of Quality Assurance Act, thenumber of projects by CBS has reduced. Resultsof the investigation on QCBS shows that quality ofprojects by QCBS is better than that of CBS.Though a large number of local governments areimplementing CBS, some of them have startedintroducing QCBS gradually. We consider thatthis trend reflect good results of enforcing theQuality Assurance Act.However, challenges exist in the followingsubjects, so we endeavor to continue dialogueswith government for improvement of consultantselection.1. Public Works Projects: QCBS has introduced in
place of CBS, however, QBS should be usedmore in Public Works Projects. We have toconsult with our client continuously that QBS isthe best option for quality assurance andshould not be replaced by QCBS.
2. Proper application of consultant selectionmethod: Application of selection methoddiffers by each local office. Therefore someguidelines are necessary for consistentselection method.
3. Selection by technical evaluation: In manycases, best technical proposal can not win aproject as the cost factor is relatively high(refer to the Table below). A project thatrequires safety, expertise, long-life operation,etc should be encouraged to introduce QBS.
NEWS LETTER 2011
Price competition(CBS)
Overall evaluationcompetition
(QCBS)
Selection byproposal(QBS)
Sole sourcecontract Total
8,910
51.5%
7,578
48.7%
7,823
45.0%
23
0.1%
381
2.5%
3,405
19.6%
5,112
29.5%
6,970
44.8%
5,936
34.1%
3,266
18.9%
619
4.0%
230
1.3%
17,311
15,548
No. of contracts 17,394
Percentage
No. of contracts
Percentage
No. of contracts
Percentage2007
2008
2009
100%
100%
100%
Table Type of Contract, 2009
Type of contracts in 2009
2009, Pricecompetition
(CBS),45.0%
2009,Selection by
proposal(QBS),34.1%
2009, Solesource contract,
1.3%
2009,Overallevaluation
competition(QCBS),19.6%
17
NEWS LETTER 2011
JanuaryAJCE New Year Celebration Party AJCE Annual Seminar 【see p33】
- Challenge of Consulting Engineers in the World Market-
yluJ
OctoberPresentation, FIDIC 2010 New Delhi Conference
AJCE/CA Young Professionals Exchange Program YPEP【see p20】
The reporting workshop on YPEP2010 【see p19】
AJCE Activity 2010 at a glance
18
NEWS LETTER 2011
FIDIC 2010 New Delhi Conference - Managing Innovation - The Way Forward
DecemberExpanding Overseas Business for Consulting Firms and Outline of FIDIC Red Book
【see p35】
Professional Career
Development Seminar Introduction of CE Industry to University Students【see p19】
"Yakai", Social Networking Event 【see p19】
rebmetpeS
- Role and Practice of "The Engineer" -
NEWS LETTER 2011
AJCE Activity 2010
Activity of Young Professionals in 2010
Kazutoshi AKASAKAChair, Young Professionals Sub-Committee, AJCE
Nihon Suido Consultants Co.,Ltd.
One year has passed since the Young Professionals
(YP) sub-committee (SC) was established. The YP SC
has 3 functions as shown in figure-1 in which the YP
activities in 2010 are shown in red circles.
Topic 1: Activities of YP sub-committeeThe YP activities include:
- Support training and networking of young engineers
through the participation to FIDIC/ASPAC activities
- Promote young consulting engineers' skills to be
competent in the international market
- Promote the participation of young engineers in
Consulting Industry including students.
Topic 2: YPEP (Young Professionals Exchange Program)The YPEP continues to grow. It has been operating for
more than 10 years between Japan and Australia. The
trainees from YPEP are now taking major roles in the YP
Sub-Committee. The reporting workshop on YPEP2010
was initiated by the YP sub-committee in October
2010. The workshop was very informative.
Topic 3: "Yakai", Social Networking Event On 3 September 2010, a YP social networking event
was organized and hosted by AJCE YP SC. About 40
YPs from several companies participated and enjoyed
communication among them. This event provided
opportunity to know activity of AJCE YPs.
Topic 4: Contribution to FIDIC YPF and ASPAC YPFA member of AJCE YP SC joined to FIDIC YPF SC and
ASPAC YPF SC. We would like to continue positive
contribution to FIDIC YPF activit ies by sending
representative from AJCE. Mr. Nakajima completed a
three-year term. And Mr. Kitano is serving as the
present SC member since last Sept.
Topic5: Introduction of CE Industry to University StudentsYP SC conducted lectures on CE industry and role of
consultants for University Students.
The lectures were held in Tokyo metropolitan university
on 1 December 2010 and Shibaura Institute of
Technology on 7 December 2010. Students
participated in the lectures were about 100 and 20
respectively.
Seven of YP SC members lectured on specialized field
of practice. This event will be carried out continuously.
19
Figure-1 Function and Organization of YP Sub-Committee
YP Sub-Committee
Engineering Development Committee
Chair
FIDIC/ASPAC YPF
AJCE-YPG Young Professionals (Optional group)
Cooperation each other
Observer
YP Networking Public Relations
1. FIDIC-YPF Activity
2. ASPAC-YPF Activity
3. News Letter 4. Translation Support of
FIDIC News (IFI)
5. Translation/Delivery of FIDIC News
6. Study of Documents
1. YP Networking
2. Support of YPEP
3. Study meeting etc. 4. Plan/administration of
Events (Site visit etc.)
5. Award for YPs
1. administration of Public
Relations/ Web site
2. Consulting Industrial Development
3. Secretariat
4. Industry Introduction/ Plan/Support for Students
NEWS LETTER 2011
AJCE Activity 2010
Young Professionals Exchange Programme (YPEP) 2010-A bridge of friendship connecting Australia and Japan-
Young Professionals Exchange Programme (YPEP)was established in 1996 according to theMemorandum of Understanding between AJCEand ACEA (present Consult Australia) to promotegood relationship and fr iendship betweenJapanese and Australian young consultingengineers, in view of possible future collaborationamong participating firms. In the past 15 years,more than 100 young engineers from Australia,New Zealand and Japan attended thisprogramme, and it has been attracting attentionof other organizations like FIDIC, as a goodexample of successful overseas training program.In 2006, after a decade of active andmeaningful exchanges, we added an importantcomponent, "Pre-visit Dialogue", to theprogramme, which requires trainees tocommunicate with host firms' personnel forseveral months before the visit on various issues;technical, cultural or personal.
The "Pre-visit Dialogue" helps the participants tounderstand each other well in advance and thusenables the actual training to start much easier.Last year, 6 Japanese young engineers from 5consulting firms visited 5 Australian firms in 4 citiesfor 3 weeks. In the post-training meeting held by the 6trainees to share their experiences with AJCE'syoung professionals, they reported that they hadvery stimulating and fruitful 3weeks, ful l oftechnical exchange, discussion, site-visits,seminars and entertainment after work, ofcourse. They also reported that they were reallyimpressed by the difference between twocountries on work environment, work habit andwork-life balance.I hope that all 6 young professionals will continueto develop their skills further, capitalizing on theprecious experience, and maintain the networkwith the Australian engineers, which will be theirvaluable asset in the future.
This year AJCE and its member firms will bewelcoming Australian young professionals inOctober. I have no doubt that this year'sprogramme will be a big success again, and adda new page to YPEP's long outstanding history.
20
Keiichi KANAIChair, Professional Development Promotion Sub-Committee, AJCE
CTI Engineering Co., Ltd.
Signing Ceremony of MOU in 1995
NO. Company Name Host Company Office
1 P.T.Morimura & Associates, Ltd. Takamune Nagata Steensen Varming North Sydney
2 CTI Engineering Co., Ltd. Hidenori Hanahara Opus International Consultants Brisbane
3Oriental Consultants Company
Limited
Takayuki Sato BG&E Pty Limited Perth
4 CHODAI CO.,LTD Sumihiro Sawabe Kellogg Brown & Root Pty Ltd Brisbane
5Nihon Suido Consultants Co., Ltd Kazuhiro Kishi
ArupAdelaide
Melbourne
6CTI Engineering Co., Ltd. Asuka Ukese
ArupAdelaide
Brisbane
Trainees of YPEP 2010
NEWS LETTER 2011
AJCE Activity 2010
YPEP 2010 Report
1. Host Company Steensen Varming (SV), my host company isoriginally a Danish building services engineeringfirm. SV is based in Australia ever since SVinvolved in the building services design of SydneyOpera House in the 1960's. Around 30 staffs workat the main office in Sydney.
2. Pre-visit TrainingAfter the first meeting at AJCE, I sent an e-mail toBarry who was my mentor. I told that I aminterested in the differences in the ways ofbusiness operation between Australia andJapan. It was very difficult to write e-mails inEnglish as it was my first experience incommunicating English through e-mail. Despiteof this, I thought we could get to know eachother well through the pre-visit training.
3. Visit TrainingAt SV, I learned various practical matters, theAustralian standards in particular. I compared theenergy standards of Australia with that of Japan.It was surprising to know that the internal heatloads such as man-made lighting load, etc. aremuch lower than those in Japan. It was also
remarkable that Green Star, the Australian greenbuilding rating system is used in about 80% of therecent projects completed by SV . Although wehave a similar system called CASBEE in Japan, itsapplication is much less.On 13th October, I went to Canberra. TheNational Gallery of Australia has a huge airhandling unit I had never seen before.
4. AcknowledgmentDespite of my inexperienced English, I couldpursue the trainings with satisfaction. I owe muchthanks to Steensen Varming for their kindness andhospitality. I would like to extend thanks to CA,AJCE and PTM. for giving me a preciousopportunity.
21
Takamune NAGATAYPEP2010 Trainee
P.T.Morimura & Associates, LTD.
The main office in SydneyThe huge AHU at NGA
Engineers of Steensen Varming
NEWS LETTER 2011
AJCE Activity 2010
YPEP REPORT in 2010
1 Work-Life BalanceWhat do you think about engineers who have 10years career? In general, they are called asyoung professional engineers. I have beenworking for 10 years in my firm. When it comes tomy specialized field of disaster mitigationplanning, I can advise young engineers. But notengineers' l i festyle. Through this exchangeprogram, I wanted to learn not only theknowledge about professional work, but alsoAustralian lifestyle.
2 Overview of Exchange Program(1) Host Company
Opus International Consultants(2) Program
a) Safety Training: Learned safety at constructionsites such as BULE DOG TRAINING.
b) Site Survey: On September 4th, an earthquakeof magnitude 7.1 hit Christchurch, NZ. I joineddisaster response team in Opus and went to
site survey.c) Site Visit: South Bank is located in the right
bank of Brisbane river. As you know, SouthBank is the venue of EXPO88. Now this Area isredeveloped.
d) Presentation: Through three weeks of training, Ilearned the difference between Japaneseand Australian ways of work-life style. This issuewas presented and discussed
3 ConclusionI had valuable experience in work-life balance inAustralia and was encouraged to further nurtureand enhance relationship with my family,colleagues and our clients. Many thanks to Opus,CTIE, CA and AJCE for providing me a valuableopportunity and support.
22
Hidenori HanaharaYPEP2010 Trainee
CTI Engineering Co., Ltd.
Table1. Schedule of exchange program
Date Contents
6 Oct.
~8 Oct.2010
Guidance
Arrangements(program details)
Blue dog training*a )
10 Oct.
~15 Oct.2010
Site survey*b)
(Christchurch in New Ze aland)
18 Oct.
~21Oct.2010
Site survey at South Bank*c)
Interview(Disaster
management, director of QLD)
Presentation and discussion(inOpus) *d )
Fig1. Damaged Heritage (need to demolish)
Fig2. Kaiapoi Town (north of Christchurch)
Fig3. Site Survey in South Bank
Fig4. Presentation of Exchange Program
NEWS LETTER 2011
AJCE Activity 2010
YPEP 2010 REPORT
1. IntroductionI had an opportunity to stay at BG&E for threeweeks in October 2010. This report is on visit-training and pre-visit training in YPEP 2010.2. Pre-visit TrainingBefore the visit to Australia, Pre-visit training tookplace for smooth implementation of theexchange program. Via E-mail, the trainingstarted from self -introduction, then to specializedsubjects and scheduling of visit-training betweenhost company and trainee.3. Visit Training3-1 About My Host CompanyMy host company "BG&E Pty Limited" is a highlyskilled group of consulting engineers that issupported by expert structural and civi lengineers. I visited Perth head office for theexchange program. Perth is beautiful city withmixture of traditional and new buildings.The office which was rebuilt from a warehouse isvery "cool". In addition, office space is very largeand comfortable, which made me envious.
3-2 Training Program1) Working StyleStandard working hours are between 8:30am -5:30pm. However, employees can choose workhours as long as the total work hour per week issatisfied. Office becomes empty at around 6pm.I felt the working environment is very differentfrom Japan.Staffs' drinking hour is provided in most Fridayafternoon from 5pm. Majority of staffs participate
and exchange opinions. I felt that we need tofollow such a good practice.
2) ProjectsDuring my training, I joined two big projects. Oneis GERI (Great Eastern Highway / Roe HighwayInterchange) project. Another one is GatewayVision project. GERI project is on the design ofnew interchange, and the Gateway Visionproject is on planning and design of new roadlink for Perth airport. I joined site visit, attendedmeetings, and made calculation for trafficanalysis.4. Life in AustraliaIn the off time, I enjoyed Australia's life with BG&Estaff everyday. I enjoyed dinner at staff's home,drinking hour, climbing, sailing, bike ride, surfing,Fremantle visit and more. It was a preciousexperience for me to touch Australia's uniqueculture and lifestyle, and to watch Japan fromanother aspect.
5. AcknowledgmentsThanks to everyone in BG&E and CA and AJCE, Igot a great experience and had many fun times.I hope this program will continue and moreengineers experience this valuable training.
23
Takayuki SATOHYPEP2010 Trainee
Oriental Consultants Company Limited
Perth office
Drinking hour in the office
Dinner at staff's home
NEWS LETTER 2011
AJCE Activity 2010
YPEP2010 Report - My experience in Australia -
1. IntroductionI had training at KBR as YPEP2010 trainee in theirBrisbane office, Civil Group.I have given various opportunities and was ableto exchange knowledge through the work inoffice, site visit and home stay with David's family.
2. Work ExperienceI had training in Civil Group of the Brisbane office,where I assisted the plan of drainage facilities,and checked the drawings of the LRT designproject in the Gold Coast city. Though I was notused to make drawings in my work in Japan, ayoung engineer in KBR, Trung helped mydrawings. So I could accomplish assignments. Itwas a valuable experience.I was also able to visit Clem7 Tunnel ControlCenter, Brisbane Metropolitan TransportManagement Center (BMTMC) and constructionsite of water pipeline (Pringle Hill Tunnel) inSunshine Coast. We were able to exchange ITStechnology in Australia and that in Japan. Irecognized the importance of water engineeringin Australia through the site visit.
3. Cultural ExperienceI enjoyed visiting pub and Japanese restaurantwith young engineers in KBR and friends afterwork. It was a memorable experience visitingKoala Garden and whale watching in GoldCoast. Surely it was one of the Australia's greatestweekends. Friendly relationship with KBR's staffswas splendid experience for me.I stayed in David's house in the second weekendof my training. During this home-stay, I couldexplain Japanese culture and custom whileenjoying Australian food.I cooked myself sometimes as the apartment isequipped with a small kitchen Steaks I bought ina neighboring supermarket were large in size,tasty and reasonable price as well in comparisonwith those in Japanese market.
4. SummaryDuring YPEP2010 Program, I had much preciousand valuable experience with KBR and made alot of friends.I thank CA, AJCE, Anna san, David san Leon sanand engineers in KBR Brisbane Office for theirheartfelt hospitality.
24
Sumihiro SawabeYPEP2010 Trainee CHODAI CO.,LTD
Civil Group at KBR Brisbane office David's family
NEWS LETTER 2011
AJCE Activity 2010
Training Report of YPEP
1. IntroductionI heard about the Young Professionals ExchangeProgram in the past, but I was aware that Iwouldn't have a chance to participate in thisprogram because of my ability in English. Despiteof these difficulties, I decided to challenge in thisexchange program because I thought it may bemy last chance to participate in YPEP. It was quite fortunate that I was selected as atrainee. I thought it would provide me a goldenopportunity. In this report, I present pre-visit training and visittraining in Australia and what I learned in thisexchange program.
2. Pre-visit TrainingIn pre-visit training, I exchanged E-mail with Hilary-san in ARUP. (She was a trainee in YPEP2009.). As Ididn't have much experience in English E-mail, Istudied a book on English E-mail. This was avaluable experience.I received reports on water issues in Australia,covering shortage of water and water recycling.So I could understand outline of water issues inAustralia before visit training.
3. Training in Australia(1)Schedule
Oct 5th; Introduction CA, SydneyOct 6th-11th; ARUP, AdelaideOct 12nd - 21st; ARUP, MelbourneOct 22nd; Young summit, CA, Sydney
(2) ARUP AdelaideI had a training at ARUP, Adelaide office. ARUP isa very big international engineering companywhose head office locates in London.Together with Asuka from CTIE, our training inAdelaide office was about 1 week.Adelaide is a state capital in South Australia. Thereare many parks covered by grass. It was a very
memorable city for me.The training in Adelaide was composed of manysight-visits. We visited Glnelg wastewatertreatment plant. It introduces membrane, UV andchlorine water treatment system. We visited SouthAustralia Water, and Adelaide zoo that employsrain water recycle system. Further, we visitedCoorong Park by a cruise. When we visited SA Water, we were lucky to meetwith four staffs in SA Water and we talked aboutshortage of water in SA and its countermeasures.In SA one must pay a fine if he uses sprinklingwater beyond the limit.
25
Kazuhiro KISHIYPEP2010 Trainee
Nihon Suido Consultants Co.,Ltd
Muray movable dam
Dinner with Adelaide staffs
26
(3) ARUP MelbourneMelbourne is a big city in Australia, and it is wellknown to Japanese .In Melbourne office, there are 15 staffs whoworked for water group. It is a very big office withmany working groups. My training was about twoweeks. My host was Rhys-san who has worked forARUP for two years.
After we talked about experience in Adelaide, wediscussed about my training plans. In Melbourne we had many sight-visits, too. Wevisited Western Water Treatment Plant (WTP) (verylarge WTP, the area of WTP is 11,000ha!), EasternWTP (standard WTP having a recycling watersystem.), and tennis parks where they built amembrane plant.I learned a difference in sludge process betweenJapan and Australia. In Japan we use manyprocesses and try to reduce volume of sludge.However in Australia their final process is dryingunder sunlight and do not reduce volume ofsludge. Sludge drying sites are very large. Assludge is stable due to digestion process, so itssmell isn't bad. Australian water recycling guideline describesvarious items in detail than that of Japanese.Perhaps they intend to use wastewater for drinkingin the future. But many Australian don't agree touse wastewater for drinking now.On last day in Melbourne I had a chance topresent my outcome in the training. I introducedJapanese wastewater technology to water-group's staffs in Melbourne. I felt they wereinterested in Japanese technology such as two-story settling tank.
4. What I Learnt in YPEP2010Through my training, I learnt a difference inwork/life balance between Japanese andAustralian engineers. I think this issue is very hardfor Japanese young engineers.I felt office in Australian firms was verycomposedly. They surprised of our long workinghours. They advised that I should be workingnormal during my stay in Australia. I think theyplace priority in spending time with their family.Further, they try to take long vacation. This maykeep good motivation for work, so they seem nottired.I was impressed by their friendly culture. Likeshaking hands saying "Nice to meet You!" andcalling colleagues with first name. In Japan ourstyle is bowing and exchange name cards andcalling each other by family name.I think Australian young engineer stands on equalposition with their client due to their friendlyculture. This is very important practice for pursuingbusiness smoothly.In the office they talk about various topics. InMelbourne they have two coffee breaks eachday. They communicate naturally even in shorttime, so I thought coffee breaks were verywonderful custom.
5. AcknowledgmentI thank ARUP staffs, particularly Hilary-san andRhys-san. I owe many thanks to them. I would liketo extend my thanks to AJCE, CA, our companyand my family.I hope to contribute in promotion of the YPEPbetween Japan and Australia by making use ofmy experience in YPEP2010.
NEWS LETTER 2011
Rhys-san and Melbourne office that was very large
Area of drying sludge in Western WTP
NEWS LETTER 2011
AJCE Activity 2010
YPEP2010 REPORT
1. Introduction.In YPEP2009, CTI Engineering (CTIE) hosted ayoung engineer from ARUP, Australia. This year, Iparticipated in YPEP2010.My host firm, ARUP is an international consultingcompany, whose head office locates in theUnited Kingdom(UK). About 10,000 employees areworking in 37 countries in the world. As they haveoffices all over the world, they can carry outprojects easily in overseas. In the Australia office,many employees come from various countriessuch as UK, Spain, India, China and so on as wellas Australia. In this year, I had training from 5th to 22nd Octoberat Adelaide and Brisbane offices of Arup.
2. Pre-visit Training.Hilary was the person in charge of my training whocame to CTIE for YPEP2009 last year. She belongsto Water Group where I had training. The Groupimplements projects in water supply, waste watertreatment, etc.In the pre-visit dialogue for two months, Icommunicated with Hilary about travel schedulein Australia, accommodation, training program,etc. by e-mail. ARUP gave me assignments on thewater shortage in Murray River and itscountermeasures. Water shortage is serious
problems in Australia. My work was to comparewater problems between Australia and Fukuokacity, Japan.
3. Visit Training in ARUP①. Work ExperienceDuring my training, I visited various project sitesuch as the Murray River Mouth, wastewatertreatment plant, water desalination plant , zoo,etc. The most interesting project for me was thewater recycling system in Adelaide.Adelaide has been facing water shortage as it hasscarce rainfall (about 500mm/yr). It is veryimportant to use recycled water efficiency.Treated wastewater is delivered to many buildings,houses through the pipelines which are distributedthroughout the city of Adelaide. This water is usedfor non-drinking purpose, toilet, park, garden, carwash, etc. South Australia Water is thegovernment entity that manages utilization ofwater. They check whether people use waterproperly or not every day. I felt the importance ofproper utilization of water. In Japan, as we havesufficient rainfall, we don't usually pay muchattention on this matter.
②. The Life and Water Problems Concerning theMurray River.
27
Asuka UkeseYPEP2010 Trainee
CTI Engineering Co.,Ltd.
Picture.1: At ARUP Adelaide office
Picture.2: Glenelg Wastewater Treatment Plant
28
During my stay in Australia, I watched the TV newseveryday for studying English. Especially, I wasinterested in the Murray River problems. TheMurray River is an important resource of water inQueensland and South Australia. Recently, inflowof water is reduced because of less rainfall,increase of water usage by irrigation, increase ofwater utilization due to population growth. As theresult, water shortage occured in the Murray River.Some wetlands nearby the River dry up. As acountermeasure, the government of Queenslandhas imposed plan to control the usage of waterdrawn from the Murray River. As a result, the planwill cut 800 jobs. Many farmers oppose this plan. Iam anxious to know how the government solvesthese problems.
4. Pre-visit Training ①. Work-Life BalanceBasically, the business hour in ARUP is from 9:00 to17:00. Some people come to office early morningand go back home early evening. They usuallydon't work over time. Most of staffs go back homeby 18:00. This is quite different from our company. Iwas impressed that people separate clearlyprivate life from work. People spend their time withtheir family, friends after working as well asholidays,I recognized that clients and consultantscooperate well in a project in flexible and efficientmanner in the course of project development. Inaddition, it seems that Engineer's position inAustralia is higher than that of Japan In Japan, it is a challenge for us that while keepinggood relationship with client, we have toovercome pressure about improvement in qualityof deliverables. We also need to improve workenvironment while keeping good motivation,controlling over time, etc. at the same time. . Itwas good opportunity for me to think about work-life balance in the future.
②. Education of Young EngineersThe rookie employees in ARUP have to taketraining for two years. The contents areimprovement of technical skill communicationwith client, etc. I observed that this is similar inJapan. To become a Chartered Engineer(CEng), theyhave to submit the documents on workexperience and undergo an interview. Similarly, itis very difficult to be qualified as a ProfessionalEngineer (PEJp) in Japan. YPEP2010 gave me agood hint and motivation to prepare for PEJp.
5. Lifestyle in Australia.During my stay in Australia, I rent an apartmentnear the office. I thought that rental fee is high.Many people are concerned about their health.They exercise everyday by walking, cycling,boxing, etc. after working.
6. AcknowledgementI would like to appreciate CA, ARUP, AJCE, headoffice of CTI, river division in Kyusyu branch officeof CTI. Without their support and encouragement,I couldn't have rewarding experience. I hope thatmany young engineers will have same experiencethrough future Young Professionals ExchangeProgram between Australia and Japan.
NEWS LETTER 2011
Picture.3: Water problems in Australia.
Picture.4: People exercise near river.
Picture.5: At ARUP Brisbane office
NEWS LETTER 2011
AJCE Activity 2010
Young Summit was held on the last day ofYPEP2010 in which the details are reportedbelow..
1. Agenda of Young Summit Date : 22nd October, FridayVenue : Consult Australia National OfficeTime : 2:00pm Opening
2:10pm Discussions and Presentations 3:20pm Afternoon Tea3:35pm Discussions and Presentations 5:00pm Closing
2. Outline of Young SummitTrainees and young engineers from member firmsof CA joined the Young Summit. Traineesreported about their training for three weeks. Onthe first day of YPEP2010 in Australia, manager ofCA asked us what we wanted to learn during ourtraining. We answered that we wanted to learnnot only technical aspect but also Work-Lifebalance, training for engineers and culture inAustralia as well. At the Young Summit, wereported about our professional training for threeweeks and difference in Work-Life balance , in-house training between Australia and Japan.
3. Contents of Young Summit3-1.Work Style and Work-Life balanceWe reported difference and similarity in Work-Lifebalance between Australia and Japan asdescribed in the followings.(1) Similarity between Australia and Japan
• Working hours is 9:00~17:00 including lunch.• Atmosphere of working (Everyone works
intensively and quietly).
(2) Difference between Australia and JapanFirms in Australia
• Office space is very large and comfortable.• Phones don't ring often (Office is very quiet)• Staffs go back home by 6:00pm (In general ,
they don't work over time).• There are many women engineers.• Overtime work is allocated for additional
holiday.• All the annual vacation and holidays are paid
in case they are not taken. Some peoplereturn salary for additional holidays. Somepeople have few months of vacation.
• Many people change firms or go togovernment entities.
• Position of government staffs and consultantsare almost equal.
• Depend on projects, they are allowed forextension of time and additional cost.
• Specifications are much in detail than that ofJapan. (I saw spec. of about 200pages).
• Engineers can exchange technicalinformation even if they don't belong to thesame company .
• A project scale is large and size of aconsulting firm is also large in general.
• They carry out projects in due considerationof environment.
• Depending on the size of a project, JV orAlliance is formed between consultants and
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YPEP2010 Young Summit Report
Asuka UkeseYPEP2010 Trainee
CTI Engineering Co.,Ltd.
Picture1: Presentation by Mr. Sawabe
30
employer. (Alliance is introduced in a bigproject like construction of rail road, pipelines, etc.)
3-2. Qualification and Training (1) Similarity between Australia and Japan
• They need qualification of CPEng (CharteredProfessional Engineer) like PEJp (ProfessionalEngineer Japan)
• CPD Program is employed.• "On the Job Training (OJT)" is exercised.• Training program for new employees. Training
period is longer than that of Japan.
(2) Difference between Australia and JapanFirms in Australia
• Employees need to submit reports about theirprojects and take an oral examination tobecome a CPEng.
• In the State of Queensland, if engineers don'thave "RPEQ" certificate, they are not qualifiedfor a projects.
3-3. Response of Young Engineers in AustraliaYoung engineers in Australia showed interest thatJapanese engineers often work over time. Whenone of the trainees showed Japanese engineer'sworking hours and life style in a graph, everyonewas very surprised. Many Japanese engineerstake lunch in a very short time (about 15-30minutes). In addition, they work for a long time.Engineers in Australia also expressed interest thatdeadline of a project is confined in February andMarch in Japan due to disbursement of budgetwithin a fiscal year. Finally, I thought that wecould jointly learn about difference in working
style between Australia and Japan. Youngengineers in Australia told many times thatJapanese engineers work too much. I think this istrue.
4. ConclusionMember of CA said that they were very glad toknow that we could have good experiences intraining for three weeks. When we started our training in Australia, wewere very afraid that we might face variousdifficulties during our training for three weeks inAustralia. But after three weeks of training; wecould learn not only Work-Life balance andtraining of engineers but also had valuableexperience in Australian culture and social life. . Though we couldn't make impressive English
presentation, we could convey our spirit andmessage to young engineers and CA staffs inAustralia. When we speak in English, mostimportant thing would be to express what wewant, not beautiful speech. Many non-Englishspeaking foreigners know about this point verywell. We have to peel off our misconception that"Japanese is shy". We are as competitive asforeign engineers in technical skills. So let's beproactive as international consultants.
NEWS LETTER 2011
Picture2: Presentation at Young Summit
Picture3: After Young Summit
NEWS LETTER 2011
AJCE Activity 2010
The report of official eventYPEP REPORT in 2010
1 Outline of YPEP ActivityYPEP is a program that exchanges the youngengineers mutually between Consult Australia(CA) and Association of Japanese ConsultingEngineers (AJCE). Participants have anopportunity of working at the host firm whilelearning culture and social life and lots of otherthings in Australia. It began in 1996, and now over100 professionals participated in this exchangeprogram. In 2010, 6 Japanese young engineershad training in Australian consulting firms. The visittraining period was about three weeks.
2 Pre-visit TrainingAfter selection of trainees, we started pre-visittraining. The training was implemented in thefollowings:
1) Exchange of information about trainees andhost firms such as special area of interest.
2) Outline and difference of technologicalstandard between Australia and Japan.
3) Details of training contents and itinerary.4) Communication (culture, social life,)
3 Farewell PartyAfter the Young Summit, we had a dinner in thenearby restaurant. Of course, all conversation bythe Japanese trainees was in English.Recently, English is used as an official language ininternational firms. I am certain that all the traineeswill acknowledge this trend.
4 AcknowledgementsI would like to thank AJCE, CA, host firms and ourfirms for giving us with splendid opportunity toparticipate in YPEP 2010. Japan is a host country for YPEP 2011. We hopeAustralian trainees will have a wonderfulexperience and discovery in Japan as we had inAustralia.
31
Hidenori HANAHARAYPEP2010 Trainee
CTI Engineering Co., Ltd.
fig1. Group photo at Sydney
Fig2. Group photo at CA
Fig3. Farewell party in the nearby restaurant
Fig4. KARAOKE
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NEWS LETTER 2011
My Friend
Chinese?The reporting workshop on YPEP2010
My Baby?
Aussie Beef
NEWS LETTER 2011
AJCE Activity 2010
AJCE Annual Seminar 2010-Challenge of Consulting Engineers in the World Market-
1. IntroductionAJCE held its annual seminar on 7 July 2010 inTokyo. The seminar was entitled "Challenge ofConsulting Engineers in the World Market",focusing on the way to which Japaneseconsulting engineers expand businessopportunities. The number of participants wasapproximately 140 that show a high interest onthis theme.
2. Summary of QuestionnaireAt the outset of AJCE seminar, summary ofQuestionnaire was conducted prior to theseminar presentation. The Questionnaire was toanalyze challenging issues and to find the waysof their countermeasures on the competence ofJapanese consulting engineers in the worldmarket The Questionnaire was collected from 17member firms out of 43. The Figure shown below indicates typicalchallenges on expanding consulting services inthe world market.
3. Presentations1) Expansion of Overseas Consulting Service (by
Mr. Akihiko Hirotani)The speaker mentioned that approx. 70 % of thetop 200 sales are consulting firms in USA and
Europe (Engineering News Record), Shares ofconsulting firms in Asian market is approx. 70%.On the contrary, he commented that share ofJapanese firms is just 6 in top 100. He introducedthe business model called "Infrastructure TeamJapan" in which the government, consultant andcontractor form a team and implement overseasprojects together. This is a way to accomplishhigh quality and competence in infrastructuredevelopment while sharing risks by the parties
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Professional Development Committee, AJCE
Challenges on Expanding Consulting Service in the World Market
(unit: answers)
12
6
5
5
4
3
2
1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Human Resources
Communication Skills
Sales capability
Contract Management /Risk Management
Cost Competitiveness
Alliance
Technical Skills
Overseas Bases
(Multiple Answers)
Mr. Akihiko Hirotani
34
The speaker also suggested the standardizationof domestic contract with that of FIDIC to accordwith global standard.
2) Japanese Consulting Industry from a Viewpointof a Foreign Consultant (by Mr. Jean-PierreRagaru)
The speaker is the president of a consulting firmwhose office locates in Japan. The firm wasestablished after experiences in several countriesincluding France. He pointed out thecharacteristics of Japanese consultants basedon his experience.According to his understanding, Japaneseengineers comply well with standards and codes.However, they tend to lack application oftheoretical knowledge to figure out the entirepicture. This causes them to remain in groups ofspecialist. In addition, analyses on legal andinsurance aspects are lacking He mentioned thatthe issues to be solved for Japanese consultingengineers are ambiguity, the slow speed indecision making (where the responsibility lies),and quality control. Language skills are not aprime issue.
3) Contractor's Expectation from ConsultingEngineers (by Mr. Takashi Nakayama)
The speaker mentioned that consulting engineershave broad and specialized knowledge fromupstream to downstream of projects, and havehigh potential of developing domestic humanresources as well He stressed his expectation thatit is important to capacity build many peoplewho are able to manage larger and complexprojects from the upstream to the downstreamstages. From the view point of contractors, heurged that consulting engineers are expected totake into account of the site conditions, costestimation reflecting actual market price, andability of introducing high technology, andimpartial determination for smoothimplementation of projects.
4. Closing CommentsAlthough the seminar was held in a limited time, itwas carried out by full enthusiasm of participants.This shows a high interest of the participants onthe theme.
AJCE annual seminar is one of the mostimportant and visible events. In selecting a topic,it always follows the major interest of consultingindustry. In the era of globalization, AJCE, thesole member association of FIDIC will continue tobe the leading body to enhance the status ofJapanese consulting industry.
NEWS LETTER 2011
Mr. Jean-Pierre Ragaru
Mr. Takashi Nakayama
NEWS LETTER 2011
AJCE Activity 2010
1. IntroductionThe Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport andTourism (MLIT) in 2010 determined the majorpolicies for driving Japanese economic growthand vitality, to strategically promote overseasbusinesses of firms in the construction industry. Toimplement the policy, a pilot scheme ofinternational order systems and contractmethods used in domestic projects wasexamined by the MLIT, as part of the programmeto align domestic standards with globalstandards. Therefore, Japanese consultants havebeen growing rapidly concerned about the FIDICRed Book which is the global standard forconducting overseas projects.
In response to strong demand, the AJCE held aspecial seminar titled "Expanding OverseasBusiness for Consulting Firms and an Outline ofFIDIC Red Book" particularly focused on the Roleand Practice of "The Engineer", on 6 December2010 in Tokyo, with about 130 participants, mainlyfrom the consulting industry.
The AJCE invited three speakers from the publicand private sectors. These speakers were: Mr.Yasuhiro Okumura, Director for the InternationalEngineering, Policy Bureau, the MLIT; Mr.Yukinobu Hayashi, vice-chairman of the AJCE
professional development committee; and Mr.Hiromi Hoshi, member of the AJCE internationalactivity committee.
2. Presentations1) Implementation of overseas infrastructure
projects by Public-Private Partnerships (by Mr.Yasuhiro Okumura)
Firstly, the speaker explained that the demandfor infrastructure development from 2010 to 2020in Asia is estimated to be over 8 trillion USD andthat 30 % of the demand would be in the field ofroad construction. The size of the Waterinfrastructure market is also expected to morethan double, although it is not expected to be asbig as that of road construction. He pointed outthat Japanese firms need to enter into thesemarkets in cooperation with the public andprivate sectors in overseas markets, as firms inEurope and the United States have a lead overJapan. Secondly, the speaker cited the Meetingfor Growth Strategy of the MLIT, which isdiscussing "the internationalization of constructionand transport industries". To help Japaneseconstruction and transport industries appeal toand develop a presence in the global market,the MLIT intends to provide the following support:
• "political leadership for sales activities withPublic-Private Partnership (PPP)"
• "strengthening of organizations and systems"• "aligning of standards such as adapting local
to global standards"• "improvement of the financial mechanism".
In addition, it was cited that: "the Overseas WaterInfrastructure PPP Association" and "the OverseasRoadway Infrastructure PPP Association" havebeen established to share information, facilitatethe exchange of opinions between the public
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Expanding Overseas Business for Consulting Firms andan Outline of FIDIC Red Book- Role and Practice of "The Engineer" -
Professional Development Committee, AJCE
36
and private sectors and support the progress ofprojects in Vietnam and India. Finally, the supportsystem for overseas development of Japanesefirms was explained.
2) An Outline of the FIDIC Red Book and the roleof "The Engineer" (by Mr. Yukinobu Hayashi)
The speaker cited the importance of contracts toconstruction projects. These characteristics are:
1) Complexity and high degrees of uncertainty2) Long contract periods3) A tendency for increases in construction
costs and delays in process.
To deal with these problems adequately, quickly,and correctly, it is essential that 1) theresponsibility and rights of contracting parties areclearly defined in the contract (clarification ofrisk allocation) and 2) there is detaileddocumentation of handling processes for whenunforeseen events occur. Furthermore, the typesand features of typical FIDIC contract conditions,especially the outline and background of theRed Book were explained carefully. Finally, thespeaker showed that "The Engineer" in Red Bookhas two roles: as "an agent of the ordering party"and as "an independent contract manager",and he explained the basic concept of rights ofcomplaint of the contractor in relation to the roleof contract manager.
3) Role and Practice of "The Engineer" (by Mr.Hiromi Hoshi)
Firstly, the speaker explained the history anddevelopment of "The Engineer" system. The role
of "The Engineer" was established in the FIDIC RedBook of 1973. Then, although the responsibility of"The Engineer" for impartial judgment was clearlystated in the 1987 edition, the level of requiredneutrality and fairness of "The Engineer" had beendecreasing. The role of "The Engineer" as anassociate arbitrator was weakened in the 1999edition. Next, the speaker concretely expoundedthe key roles of "The Engineer" in various positionssuch as designer and construction manager. Inparticular, the task of "The Engineer" as an agentof the outsourcer covers not only what istechnical but also contract management. Hepointed out that this point is significantly differentfrom that of supervisory staff, inspectors of publicworks, and managers of private work in domesticprojects.
3. ConclusionWith the shrinking of public investment indomestic markets, many Japanese consultantshave been seeking to expand their overseasbusiness as one of their main business strategies.Therefore, it has been crucial that theyunderstand international contracts, conclude,and manage them properly. Therefore,Japanese consultants have been raisingconcerns about obtaining a deep understandingof the FIDIC Red Book to sufficiently prepare forthe introduction of global standardization intodomestic projects. In these circumstances, the AJCE which is amember of FIDIC strives to widely provide variousseminars, in order to meet the demand ofmember enterprises.
NEWS LETTER 2011
Mr. Yasuhiro Okumura Mr. Yukinobu Hayashi Mr. Hiromi Hoshi
NEWS LETTER 2011
Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members
37
Saida Coastal Area Wastewater Project
Principal NJS ConsultantsFirm(s)
Project Site Saida in the Republic of Lebanon
Client Council for Development andReconstruction (CDR)
Finance Japanese ODA Loan
Period April 2001 - March 2008
Type of ◆ Planning, Detailed Design andProject Construction Supervision of
Sewers and WastewaterTreatment Plant
◆ Project Management Services
Project OutlineThere is a severe shortage of wastewatertreatment facilities in the project area. This hasresulted in the discharge of untreatedwastewater into streams, which consequentlydegrades the environment leading to thegroundwater contamination. The Discharge ofthe untreated wastewater flows to the coast andcreates problems in coastal areas that are rich intourism resources.The objectives of the Project are: (1) to improvesanitary and environmental conditions forpopulation of about 0.5 million in 2030; (2) toreduce contamination of groundwater andsurface water; and (3) to reduce the pollutionalong the seaside to restore beaches forrecreational use.
DetailsPlanning, detailed design, and constructionsupervision of sewers and waste water treatmentplant (WWTP)- Trunk Sewers (200mm to 900mm x 124km)- WWTP
• Preliminary treatment facility (screening andsedimentation)
• Pumping station for ocean outfall• Ocean Outfall Discharge
• Related buildings and facilities to WWTPProject Management Services- Coordination with other relevant authorities- Cost Management- Schedule Management
NEWS LETTER 2011
Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members
38
AOMORI NEBUTA HOUSE PROJECT
Principal Molo Design, Canada (Architect) Firm(s) Frank la Rierie, Architects Inc. (Architect)
D/DT Arch. (Architect) P.T. Morimura & Associates, Ltd.(M&E Consultant)
Project Site Aomori, Japan
Client Aomori City
Period Design & Construction 2006/9 - 2010/10
Type of Scheme & detailed design,Project Supervision of construction
Project OutlineNebuta House is named for the Aomori NebutaFestival, one of the biggest festivals held inJapan. At the centre of Festival activities, itprovides an introduction to local traditions, aswell as serving as a place where local citizenscan participate in daily activities. Its primaryfunction is to enable visitors to experience theunique culture and charms of Aomori, and thefacil ity makes a strong contribution to thebuilding of the Aomori brand.The famous lantern floats actually used in theAomori Nebuta Festival are exhibited within, inthe main Nebuta Hall. The complex alsocomprises multipurpose rooms and an Event Hallwhich can be used by local people for a varietyof activities.The outer appearance is particularly arresting,with 12 meter high ribbons of steel (30cm wide by9mm thick) forming a screen around the building,each ribbon twisted at a specific angle to createthe unique façade.
DetailsBuilding area: 4,339m2
Total floor area: 6,707m2
Structure: Steel, Reinforced concrete,Steel reinforced concrete
Number of floor: 1 basement & 3 storeysTotal costs: 5 billion Yen
Exterior ©Shigeo Ogawa
Building entrance
Nebuta Hall ©Shigeo Ogawa
Heatpump Ciller Units
NEWS LETTER 2011
Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members
39
CONSULTING SERVICES FOR THE PROJECT FOR THE BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION FOR EXPANDEDAGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
Principal CTI Engineering International Co., Ltd.Firm(s) CTI-CRSRI Engineering &
Environment Co.,Ltd.
Project Site Aurora Province, Republic of thePhilippines
Client Department of Agrarian Reform,Republic of the Philippines
Finance Grant Aid, Japan
Period July 2009 - November 2010
Type of Construction SupervisionProject
Project OutlineThis bridge construction project for expandedARCs (Agrarian Reform Communities) wasconceptualized within the context ofgovernment's poverty alleviation, food securityand agribusiness development agenda toaddress the unmet demand of ARBs (AgrarianReform Beneficiaries) for support services.Funded by the Grant Aid of Japan's ODA(Official Development Assistance), the Projectaims at i) generating incremental income forfarmer beneficiaries, i i) establishing agri-enterprises, iii) upgrading the socioeconomicand environmental conditions, iv) improving themobility of agri-products and living conditions ofthe people within and outward areas, and v)addressing the isolation and other relateddisaster problems during heavy rains andtyphoon season.The Project construction started in November2009 and was completed in November 2010.Final Inspection of the Project has completed onNovember 14, 2010.
DetailsThe goal of the Project is to improve the mobilityof agri-products and living conditions of the
people within ARC and outward area. It aims toattain the following benefits:
- Reduce vehicle cost for market agriculturalproducts;
- Reduce vehicle operating cost for marketfarm inputs and commercial goods;
- Reduce vehicle operation cost for trips ofpassenger;
- Increase daily traffic of heavy vehicle;- Reduce risk to students regularly crossing the
river going to school; and- Enhance faster mobility/assistance during
calamity.The outline of bridge is shown as follows:
Bridge Name : Bazal BridgeBridge Type : 4-span simple PC-I Girder BridgeBridge Length : 110.0 (m), 4 @27.500 (m)Approach Road : 182 (m): Malasin sideLength 241 (m): Bazal sideBridge Width : 5.4 (m)
Convenient/Smooth River Crossing (After Project)
Inconvenient River Crossing (Before Project)
NEWS LETTER 2011
Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members
40
Consulting Services for Water Environmental and Ecological Plan andDesign for the Guangfo Hopsca Project in the People's Republic of China
Principal CTI Engineering Co., Ltd.Firm(s)
Project Site Guangdong Province, People'sRepublic of China
Client New World China Land Ltd.
Period January 2010 - May 2010
Type of Feasibility study Project Basic design
Project OutlineThe GuangFo New World Hopsca is the biggestproject as well as the flagship project developedby the New World Group in the GuangFo area.Hopsca is defined as an integration of hotels,offices, ecological parks, shopping centers,convention and apartments into a multi-functional, modern and comprehensive city-dimensional space.Through well-connected plan and unique design,water system that covered 500 acres watersurface and 4km long lake coastlines from northto south were reconstructed and updated fromthe original Dahao Lake system. Water circulationand renewal is fulfilled automatically by takingthe advantage of the difference in altitudebetween each lake. Moreover, natural wetlands,constructed wetlands and floating islands wereplanned for purification and improvement of lakewater quality by planting of reeds and lotus,aiming to form ecological healthy water bodies.Rain water is utilized in an efficient way, and thussatisfied the desired water quantity for golfcourse irrigation, road sprinkling and ecologicalwater demand ,thus reduced the flood risk forthe surrounding area in the rainy season. On thewhole, plan and design of the water systemcould successfully bring significant economical,ecological and social interests.
DetailsWuhan CTI-CRSRI Engineering & Environment incollaboration with CTI Engineering draftedrainwater drainage plan and rainwater use in thedevelopment area.The goal of the Project is to improve the mobilityof agri-products and living conditions of thepeople within ARC and outward area. It aims toattain the following benefits:
• Rainwater drainage plan in consideration tothe topography situation;
• Study on methods of groundwater level inconsideration to seasonal change of watercycle;
• Basic design of water cycle facilities appliedon purification functions of ecosystems;
• Advisory service during construction.
Wuhan CTI-CRSRI Engineering & EnvironmentCo.,Ltd. has been operating since 2008 underjoint management of CTI Engineering andChangjiang River Scientific Research Institute,(CRSRI), one of the state non-profit-makingscientific research organizations, subordinate tothe Changjiang Water Resources Commission ofthe Ministry of Water Resources in China.
During construction
Image of cyclic use of water Ground-breaking ceremony
NEWS LETTER 2011
Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members
41
Second Water Environment Improvement Project ofHo Chi Minh City, Vietnam (2nd WEIP)
Principal Nihon Suido Consultants Co., Ltd.Firm(s)
Project Site Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Client Project Management Unit of Ho ChiMinh City
Finance JBIC (JICA) loan
Period November 2007 - June 2010(extended to July 2011)
Type of ◆ Detailed DesignProject ◆ Tender Assistance Service
Project OutlineThis is the second project of Water EnvironmentImprovement in HCMC. The project is consistedof 5 packages. The designed facil it ies areextension or additions to the first project. Outlineof the project is as followed;1) Review of basic design2) Detailed design of urban drainage
improvement, sewerage development works3) Preparation of tender documents4) Assistance in Pre-Qualification Stage and in
Tendering Stage5) Environment and Resettlement Action Plan
monitoringDetailsBased on Basic Design, Detailed Design includesexisting combined sewer improvement, pumpdrainage improvement, canal improvement,installation of interceptor sewer, conveyancesewer, intermediate pumping station,wastewater treatment plant and other facilities.
Tendering AssistanceNSC assist the Employer to compile pre-qualification evaluation report, tender evaluationreport and contact document for each projectpackage.
Canal
Table Summary of the project (2nd WEIP)
Facilities, items Capacity, dimension
The length of Canal improvement
6.0km
Capacities of drainage pumping stations
0.8 m3/s and 1.05 m3/s
Sewerage service area 1,963 ha
Service population in 2010
996,000 people
Interceptor Sewer 27.5km
Combined Sewer 34.3km
Secondary interceptor sewer
8.8 km
Capacity of Intermediate Wastewater Pumping Station
311.1 m3/min
Conveyance Sewer 3.6km
Capacity of Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP)
328,000 m3/day
Air view of the area
2d Area
n
1t Area
s
Present condition of open drainage
(NSC)
NEWS LETTER 2011
Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members
Water Quality Improvement Projects in Taiwan byGravel Oxidation Process (GOP)
Principal Nihon Suido Consultants Co., Ltd.Firm(s)
Project Site Great Taipei Metropolitan Area inTaiwan
Client Taipei City and Taipei County
Finance Local Governmental Budget
Period 2005 - 2010
Type of ◆ Basic DesignProject ◆ Detailed Design
◆ Construction Supervision
Project OutlineFor the demand on new technology for the riverwater quality improvement by Taipei City, NihonSuido Consultants Co.,Ltd. (NSC) participated tothe projects first in 2005 and has worked withlocal partner in Taiwan for the construction of sixriver water purification facilities since then. Nanhupurification plant project is a commemorativeproject which started in 2006 and completed in2007 as a first facility based on Gravel OxidationProcess (GOP) which was originated by NSCalmost three decades ago. Those projects are allcontributing vast comfort to Taipei people whoenjoy the environment with the Danshui River.Furthermore, NSC made an ambitious attempt toapply this GOP technology to treat rawwastewater from residential area located on theoutskirts of Taipei. This plant was completed inlate 2010 and treating wastewater with highefficiency beyond expectation.
Details◆ Nanhu purification, the first constructed facility
in Taipei, has shown good performance toreduce BOD from 50mg/l to 10mg/l and NH4-Nfrom 20mg/l to 1mg/l at present.
◆ Following five facilities along the Danshui River,including Chiang-tsui purification facility, thelargest treatment facility of 57,000m3/day, alsotreat satisfactorily with specified performanceswithin Design Criteria.
◆ Latest challenge has been made at suburb ofTaipei to purify raw domestic wastewater of4,000m3/day by applying GOP combined withpre-treatment system. This resulted as almostsame level of treatment ability as a sewagetreatment plant. Advantage lies on extremelylower costs on both initial construction andoperation compared with the ordinarysewage treatment plants of activated sludgeprocess.
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Purification Facilities Designed by NSC
Danshui Rever
Keelung Rever
Dahan River
Hsin-Tein Creek(H1)Chiang-Tsui
(D1)Zhong-Xio
(D2)Gui-Yang
(H2)Show-Lum (K2)Cheng-Mei
(k1)Nan-Hu
(S)San-Shia WWTP
Purification Facilities at Nanhu
取水部 流入水路
礫間浄化部
観察室
放流槽 汚泥槽南湖橋 基隆河
Intake point driving channel
rock layer
Outflow & sludge tankKeelung RiverNanhu Bridge
Observation room
(NSC)
NEWS LETTER 2011
Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members
43
Principal Oriental Consultants Co., Ltd. JV withFirm(s) Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.
Project Site Namlik River, Hinheup Distr ict,Vientiane Province, Lao PDR
Client Ministry of Public Works and Transport
Finance Japan International CooperationAgency (JICA) - Japan's Grant Aid
Period September 2007 - January 2010
Type of ◆ Basic Design and Detailed DesignProject ◆ Tender Assistance
◆ Construction Supervision
Project OutlineIn Lao PDR, National Route 13 (NR 13) is the nation'smost important North-South International Corridor. Itextends from the capital city of Vientiane to theChinese border at the north end and to theCambodian border at the south end. The old HinheupBridge was built in early 1900's during the Frenchcolonial era; however the superstructure of the bridgewas washed away by a flood in 1981. The bridge wasrepaired by the Swedish International DevelopmentAgency; however, the obsolete bridge constantlyneeds maintenance and cannot fully function with therecent increase of traffic.Considering such circumstances, the new HinheupBridge was constructed by Japan's Grant AidAssistance in order to ensure safe crossing of theNamlik River. The new bridge is located about 200metres downstream from the old Hinheup bridge. Theworks began in September 2007 and were completedin January 2010. The total length of the bridge is 195metres with a width of 10 metres and serves bothvehicle traffic and pedestrians on both sides. HinheupDistrict is located about 100 kilometres from Vientiane.DetailsThe Oriental Consultants' JV provided the engineeringservices for design and construction supervision of thefollowing facilities:◆ 5 Span Continuous PC Box Girder Bridge◆ Bridge Length: 195 m (35+3x45+35), Width: 10 m◆ Two box type abutments and three RC-wall type
piers ◆ Approach Roads; 755 m=485+270 (Concrete
Pavement)The PC box girder bridge was erected using the"Incremental Launching Method" which became the"first challenge in Lao PDR". The unique erection with
girders pushing out from the fabrication yard is mostlycontrolled on land, thus minimizing the danger of riskyworks such as on the pier head. Another advantage iswith the lack of human resources in Laos, this erectionmethod requires fewer workers.
The Construction of Hinheup Bridge
NEWS LETTER 2011
Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members
THE ZLETOVICA BASIN WATER UTILIZATIONIMPROVEMENT PROJECT
Principal Oriental Consultants Co., Ltd., with Firm(s) J-Power, COB
Project Site North East Region of the FormerYugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Client Government of the Republic ofMacedonia
Finance Japanese ODA Loan
Period January 2004 - January 2011
Type of ◆ Detailed DesignProject ◆ Tender Assistance
◆ Construction Supervision
Project OutlineIn order to improve the poor water supply and tomake maximum use of the water potential of theZletovica River, the Zletovica Basin WaterUtilization Improvement Project was formulated.This Project was planned to be realized in threephases:- Phase- I: Construction of dam and related
structures, intake structures for water supply,raw water supply, pipelines and other items
- Phase- II: Irrigation System- Phase- III: Structures for electrical power
productionReferring to the current situation, high priority wasgiven to Phase-I of this project.
DetailsThe Oriental Consultants' JV provided services forthe following components:◆ Asphalt Concrete Core Wall Rockfill Dam: 75 m
in height and accumulation with a volume of23,500,000 m3.
◆ Two intake structures in the Zletovica River:Discharge capacity of 0.15 m3/sec and 3.15m3/sec (0.65 m3/sec for water supply, 2.50m3/sec for irrigation), respectively.
◆ Raw Water Transmission Pipeline: in total 80 kmin length with steel pipes and FRP pipes
◆ Access Road: 20 km in length to the dam◆ SCADA Operation System: connected by
GPRS and an Optical Fiber Network
44
Knezevo Dam and Reservoir
Reservoir in Winter
Intake Structure
Construction of Asphalt Core SCADA Centre
NEWS LETTER 2011
Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members
The Programme for Reconstruction of the Earthquake-Affected Facilities underJapan's Non-Project Grant Aid 2005 for the Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Principal Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. Firm(s) In association with Binko International Ltd.
Project Site Battagram District, North-West FrontierProvince (NWFP), Is lamic Republic ofPakistan
Client Japan International Cooperation System(JICS)
Finance Non-Project Grant Aid of Japan
Period April 2006 - August 2010
Type of Engineering Consulting Services for PQ,Project Tender and Construction Supervision
Project OutlineLarge earthquake, with the magnitude of 7.6 on theRichter scale, occurred at 8:50 PST on October 8, 2005, atabout 100 km North-Northeast of Is lamabad. Theearthquake brought about a number of casualties in theeastern Districts of North West Frontier Province (NWFP)and Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK). This Project aims to improve health and educationalstandards of the people in the Battagram District in theNWFP by way of reconstruction of hospitals, schools, andbridges (120 sites in total), and procurement of variousmedical equipments. DetailsScope of the Project for the Consultant is to assist JICS intendering and construction supervision for the packagesas follows:Contract Package 1 (P-1)
Urgent Reconstruction of Six (6) Primary SchoolsContract Package 2 (P-2):
Construction of Pre-fabricated Operation Theater,District Head Quarter (DHQ) Hospital
Contract Package 3 (P-3):Reconstruction of District Head Quarter (DHQ) Hospital
Contract Package 4 (P-4):Reconstruction of Rural Health Center (RHC) in Banna
Contract Package 5 (P-5):Reconstruction of Health Facilities and Schools in TehsilBattagramP-5-1: Reconstruction of CH Thakot, 4 BHUs, and 24
Schools in Tehsil BattagramP-5-2N:Reconstruction of 5 BHU's and 28 Schools in Tehsil
BattagramContract Package 6 (P-6):Reconstruction of BHUs and Schools in Tehsil Allai
P-6-1: Reconstruction of 14 Schools in Tehsil AllaiP-6-2: Reconstruction of 13 Schools in Tehsil AllaiP-6-3: Reconstruction of 4 BHUs and 12 Schools in Tehsil
AllaiContract Package 7 (P-7):
Reconstruction of Boys College and High School inBattagram
Contract Package 8 (P-8):Provision of Medical Equipments
Contract Package 9 (P-9):Reconstruction of 4 BHUs (called as BHU Plus) in DistrictBattagramP-9-1: Reconstruction of 4 BHU Plus in District BattagramP-9-2: Provision of Medical Equipment for BHU Plus
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Package 3:Reconstruction of DHQ Hospital
Before Construction
After Construction
Package 5: Reconstruction of BHU
Before Construction
After Construction
Package 6: Reconstruction of Primary School
Before Construction
After Construction
Package 7: Reconstruction of High School
Before Construction
After Construction
Epi-center
Islamabad
Project Area
NEWS LETTER 2011
Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members
Tanjung Priok Access Road Construction Project,Phase 1
Principal Joint venture of Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.,Firm(s) Yachiyo Engineering and five local
firms
Project Site Fringe of Tanjung Priok Port inNorthern Jakarta
Client The Directorate General ofHighways (DGH) in the Ministry ofPublic Work
Finance Japanese ODA Loan
Period 2006 - 2013
Type of ◆ Detailed DesignProject ◆ Tender Assistance
◆ Construction Supervision
Project OutlineJakarta, the capital of Indonesia is one of themost rapidly urbanizing area in the world with ahigh population growth. However, the rapidprogress of motorization accelerated by rapidurbanization causes heavy traffic congestionsover the arterial road network. To cope with suchsituation, Access Road Construction Project toTanjung Priok Port ,which is the largest port inIndonesia, is one of the priority projects in thearea to connect Harbor Road and Jakarta OuterRing Road (JORR) both under operation
DetailsThe Project details are as follows:- Six lane divided toll road of 26.5 m in total
width and 12.08 km in total length, subdividedinto three sections, namely E-Section (TgPA-E1and TgPA-E2, 8.05 km), NS-Section (TgPA-NS)to be connected to the N-S Link of the IntraUrban Toll Road (0.38 km) and W Section(TgPA-W1 and TgPA-W2, 3.65km) to HarborRoad .
- Five interchanges - Installation of Traffic Surveillance System (TSS)
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Flyover under Construction
Toll Plaza in Section E-1
Completed Section E-1
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Editor's note
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By the time the readers receive this News Letter, Japan will be in full spring. I would like to
introduce some of the articles in this editor's note for drawing your interests.
Mr. Noriaki Hirose was elected as the new President of AJCE by succeeding the immediate past
president, Mr. Akihiko Hirotani in May last year. Mr. Hirose delivers messages about the earthquake
and Tsunami disasters occurred on March 11 in which he expresses sincere gratitude for heartfelt and
encouraging messages from FIDIC families. He further introduces mission, activities and the prospect
of AJCE.
In the subsequent articles, Prof. Kusayanagi and Mr. Iguchi present the topics and trends that are
highly informative and useful in consulting industry. Mr. Miyamoto's long experience as a sanitary
engineer and Dr. Tanaka's article on development of high speed train highlight the contribution of
engineers to the society's needs.
The "Young Professionals Exchange Program" (YPEP 2010) between AJCE and CA, AJCE Annual
Seminar and Special Seminar on "Expanding Overseas Business for Consulting Firms" and consulting
selection by quality could be fundamental and challenging issues among consulting industry in
Japan as well as in FIDIC MAs.
In response to President Hirose's message, we added special article on East Japan Disasters. The
earthquake of M9.0 and Tsunami hit Japan and caused massive destructions. A huge number of
people are reported dead and missing. We appreciate rescue crews dispatched from all over the
world to the disaster areas, and encouraging messages from FIDIC families. We owe millions of thanks
to you all. We will surely recover from this tragedy as we did in the past.
Ichiro Seko, Chair, Publicity and Relations Committee
AJCE NEWS LETTER April 2011Publication: ASSOCIATION OF JAPANESE CONSULTING ENGINEERS (AJCE)
3-16-4, Ueno, Taito-ku, TOKYO 110-0005 JAPANTel : +81-3-3839-8471 Fax: +81-3-3839-8472Email: [email protected] Web: http://www.ajce.or.jp
Edit: AJCE Publicity & Relations CommitteeCover: Miho Yamato, Publicity & Relations CommitteeLayout: Daioh Co.,Ltd.
1-7-5 Uchikanda Chiyoda-ku, TOKYO 101-0047 JAPANTel : +81-3-3292-1488·1487 Fax: +81-3-3292-1485http://www.dai-oh.co.jp
A Akeno Corporation
Akiyama Consulting Engineering Office
C Chodai Co.,Ltd.
Chuo Kaihatsu Corporation
CTI Engineering Co.,Ltd.
CTI Engineering International Co.,Ltd.
Cooplus Co.,Ltd.
Creative Engineering Research Institute
H Hayabusa Consulting Engineering Office
Higuchi Consulting Engineering Office
Hiroshi Tanaka Consulting Engineering Office
I IDEA Consultants Inc.
Ides Inc.
Ikeda Consulting Engineering Office
INGEROSEC Corporation
J Japan Bridge & Structure Institute, Inc.
Japan Port Consultants, Ltd.
K Kiso-Jiban Consultants Co., Ltd.
Kokusai Kogyo Co.,Ltd.
Kurosawa R&D Engneering Office
N Nagatomo Machinery Consulting Engineering Office
Nihon Suido Consultants Co.,Ltd.
Ninomiya Professional Engineer Office
Nippon Civic Consulting Engineers Co.,Ltd.
Nippon Koei Co.,Ltd.
NJS Consultants Co.,Ltd.
O Ootsuka Engineering Office
Oriental Consultants Co., Ltd.
OYO International Corporation
P Pacific Consultants Co., LTD.
Pegasus Engineering Corporation
Plant Sekkei Co.,Ltd.
P.T.Morimura & Associates, Ltd.
S Sakurai Giken
T The Japan Electrical Consulting Co.,Ltd.
Toko Engineering Consultants Ltd.
Tokyo Engineering Consultants Co.,Ltd.
Toshihiko Ohmoto Project Consultant
Y Yachiyo Engineering Co.,Ltd.
Yuasa Consulting Engineering Office
Supporting Members
Docon Co.,Ltd.
East Nippon Expressway Company Limited
EBARA ENGINEERING SERVICE Co.,LTD.
ISHIGAKI COMPANY, LTD.
KOBELCOECO-SOLUTIONS Co.,LTD.
METAWATER Co.,Ltd.
SHIMIZU CORPORATION
THE SUMITOMO TRUST AND BANKING Co.,LTD.
Goro Fujie (A&G OFFICE)
Masaru Kaido (Trett Consulting)
Naoki Iguchi (Anderson Mori & Tomotsune)
Noboru Sakuma
Shunji Kusayanagi (Kochi University of
Technology)
Yoshiko Koizumi (City-Yuwa Partners)
Yoichi Takemura
Member Firms
AJCE Members40 firms, 169 members, 15 supporting members
