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DDD10006 Introductory Design Studio. PAUL NGUYEN 101093315 Denis Smitka Friday 1:30-3:30PM

Stage 1: Research.

Bus Shelter Project.

Contents:

Local Area - Sunshine.

Bus Shelter Research - Sunshine and other bus shelter designs.

Designer - Zaha Hadid.

Summary:

This report is a presentation on the potential use of Zaha Hadid’s style and other

inspirational shelters to design a suitable bus shelter for Sunshine.

Projected grade:

I believe it is of a HD standard due to the following:

- Consist of a large number references.

- Insightful and suggest solutions to the problems that Sunshine Bus Shelters

face.

- Well thought out solutions that are driven by the context of Sunshine but

also the research done.

- Demonstrates a large amount of research & uses the research to make

useful insights.

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Local Area:

Sunshine is a suburb of Victoria located 13km west of Melbourne City and is home to

8,823 people (Census 2011). The suburb is part of the local government of the City ofBrimbank and is associated with the federal division of Gellibrand. Sunshine is most

famous for its creation of the minimum living wage for Australian workers through the

Harvester Judgement (Ford, Olwen 2001).

Google Maps of Sunshine.

Sunshine is primarily a low density residential area and is regarded as a one of the key

areas of employment outside inner Melbourne. The Sunshine region is surrounded by

many industrial companies that render the suburb as a mixture of being a residential

region but also a manufacturing region. Sunshine is also home to many trade companies

and factories that work mainly in the field of construction. Notable companies include:

Armco, Olex Cables, Parson Flour Mill and Melbourne Container Park. In addition to the

employment aspect, Sunshine also consist of several main retail areas such as the

Sunshine Marketplace, Sunshine Plaza and the main centre street. These areas are where

most of the business and life occurs in the region, businesses range from small

restaurants and real estates firms to larger enterprises like the local Village Cinema.

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Parson Flour Mill.

Growing industries in the region are trade, health and fitness and food. The fitness

industry has been especially prominent with Derrimut Gym opening yet another larger

facility within the region. Trade has always been on the rise with the region's primary

focus on construction and service based society. To address this it would be wise to make

for spacious bus shelters to accommodate for tradesmen and their equipment.

In addition, food has been on the rise due to the recent influx of population from

immigration and locals moving from inner Melbourne. It is speculated that locals are

moving from the inner suburbs to Sunshine as living expenses have become too great in

their region.

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Hampshire Rd Main Strip.

Sunshine is situated on a clay-soil volcanic plain that is largely covered with grassland, the

region however has never engaged in any agriculture due to lack of rainfall. The main

river that transverses through the region is called Kororoit Creek and is home to much

vegetation and wildlife. In addition, Sunshine also has many reserves and parks that

consist of leisurely public facilities such as playgrounds, vast bike/walk paths and sporting

gaming fields. To address this, perhaps bigger bus shelters should be designed in leisure

areas to address for cyclist and picnic goers. In terms of the architecture of the area, its

leaves potential for the bus stop to address the color palettes of the neighbouring houses

or to be stylistically inspired by them.

The demographics that populate Sunshine are generally the lower to middle class.

Furthermore the most dominant ethnicities of Sunshine are Australian (14%), English

(12.9%), Vietnamese (10.5%), Chinese (5.8%) and Irish (5.3%) (Census 2011). As a result of

this multiculturalism Sunshine has become a cultural centre for the Maltese and

Vietnamese communities of Melbourne. Sunshine as of now and always has served a

place for immigrants to set up begin their new lives in Australia and the current migrants

have come from Burma, India and Sudan. The diversity and growing population is

especially important in the design of the bus shetlers and its means that the design has

to be somewhat relatable and big enough to accommodate for the influx. Furthermore,

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this diversity is adds to the potential of developing bus stops that relate to the

history/culture of the immigrants in the area. In addition, it is also very important for the

shelters to be simple so that the local immigrants will have a better user experience.

Sunshine is also known as a crime ridden suburb averaging 9,900 incidents per 100,000people (Victoria Police 2014). This is particularly meaningful as we now know that we

should accommodate for the potential vandalism of bus shelters. In addition, it would be

wise to address how the safety of the user can be further improved in terms of better

lighting and transparency of surroundings.

Despite this gloomy aspect of Sunshine, the local council has a multi-million town project

called “Sunshine Rising” with aims to improve the livability of the area. The program

includes intentions of bettering the integration of the local station to the populus

(Brimbank 2012), this gives the possibility of providing an a digital notice board to better

that. Sunshine is home to a main station of the Metro network that overlaps zones 1 & 2,

which further emphasizes the importance of the bus to train integration. In addition, the

project also highlighted the growing population in Sunshine further hinting at the need

for bigger bus stops.

Sunshine Railway Station.

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Bus Shelter Research:

A bus shelter is a space designated for the arrival and departure of bus passengers.

Often the shelter serves as a comfortable spot for waiting bus passengers and satisfiesthe following conditions: provides coverage from the elements, seating, provides

information on bus times and a standing area. Furthermore shelters may also include:

ground foot grips, lighting, advertisements and glass windows.

Local Bus Shelter Analysis:

Local Bus Shelter at Sunshine.

The image above is an example of a rudimentary bus shelters, it is a rectangular prism

where the roof is placed on four poles with windows on either side. There are several

things that could be improved through the analysis of this shelter, first of which is the

location of the bus sign. We see that bus sign is a located far away from the bus shelter

and as a result, people will not be able to see the bus times as it is imperceptible fromthat distance. In response to this it would be wise to potentially incorporate the sign into

the bus shelter itself.

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Notice how the bus stop is unnecessarily far away from the sign.

Prospective solutions include having:

❏ the sign simply closer

❏ having bus information displayed on the shelter

❏ having a digital sign board.

These are local examples of digital bus signs however the left sign does not provide bus

timetables that are easy to read.

Secondly is that the side windows do not provide effective coverage from the natural

element. This is of course due to the lack of cover to block out aspects such as wind and

rain. Although the use of windows does allow for sunlight in, the windows lack the

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adequate form to protect passengers from these elements. Although the structure is

heavily open, it may be due to the design’s intention of making the bus shelter accessible

to the disabled user as well. Potential solutions would include:

❏

reshaping of the side windows to alleviate the weather issue❏ use of a bigger surface area

❏ reshaping of bus shelter form into a closed form.

❏ Not closed so much that disabled user can not access it.

Prime example of a overly open bus stop.

Furthermore, in terms of the sustainability of this shelter, there are cases of vandalism so

eliminating the use of glass in turn for other materials would be appropriate. Potentialmaterials include acrylic glass and transparent corian.

Side view of glass window.

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There are also other secondary improvements that could be enforced such as:

❏ Designing a more contextualized bus shelter for the area. This could be a shelter

that reflects the multiculturalism of the area. Or a shelter that adds simplicity for

the immigrant populous.

❏ Designing an educational bus shelter to counter the poor education system.

❏ Designing a themed bus shelter that counters/discourages the gang culture of

Sunshine. A response to this would be incorporating the help of local youth

groups.

❏ Better seating as metal seats are often too cold or too hot.

Although it is worth noting some positive aspects of the bus shelter that can be used later

on, for instance:

❏ The use of LED lights to provide an efficient light source.

❏ The use of materials such as metal to maintain the structure’s integrity.

❏ The inclusion of windows to provide a sense of space and environment.

❏ Patterned windows to provide a visual appeal but also extra shielding from the

intense sun.

Inspiration from Bus Shelters:

This is a good example of a closed form design where the

user is protected from the natural elements. The closed

form protects the user from wind and rain which is

provides a comfortable user experience. In addition, the

provision of natural light is advantageous as often closed

shelters are either too dark or have “power using”

artificial light. As a result this renders the shelter to be

eco-friendly as well. Furthermore, the design’s use of

glass gives the user a sense of space hence making the

closed space less claustrophobic.

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Perhaps a closed form would be good for the protection of users from the violent regions

as well.

This is a great example of the harmony that can be

formed between bus shelter and bus information. The

bus shelter shows to have a very viewable bus

timetable and map, which communicates to the user

more effectively than your average A4 shaped

timetable. This use of technology and creativity can be

added into local bus shelters to strengthen the link

between the bus service and Sunshine Station. Digital

mediums may also open innovation in the area of

discouraging gang violence, something that is

prominent in Sunshine.

The use of leaning seats would be useful for high

usage bus stops as it provides extra space for

standing users as well. A great location for this

concept would be for Sunshine Station where there

is a large flow of passengers from the train network

to the suburban areas.

The integration of grass on the bus roof,

demonstrates a clever marriage between structure

and natural tree life. This could be useful in allowing

bus shelters to fit in with the greener regions of

Sunshine near parks and pavilions. It could also play a

role promoting a greener culture in Sunshine,

something that is valued in local schools.

Yet another example of a great use of shelter and

space. The openness of the shelter allows for a better

traffic flow of passengers in the structure. To

encourage better schooling, the shelter could consist

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of bookshelves to promote reading in the area. This is particularly important as Sunshine

is known for having a poor academic rating in its schooling system.

Zaha Hadid:

Zaha Hadid.

Zaha Hadid (born 1950) is a famous Iraqi-British architect that focuses on neo-futuristic

architectural design. She the recipient of many famous architectural awards whichinclude the Stirling Prize, RIBA Gold medal and the highly regarded Pritzker Architecture

Prize in 2004 ( Zaha Hadid architects, 2015). Her famous built works include: the London

Olympics Aquatics Centre, Guangzhou Opera House, MAAXI National museum and the

Evelyn Grace Academy building.

She began her architectural study at the Architectural Association School of Architecture

in London, after graduating from a mathematics degree in Beirut. It was then through

this move that she met influential characters such as Peter Rice, Bernard Tschumi and

her mentor Rem Koolhaas. During 1980, Hadid then started her own Architectural

practice known as ZHA, which is now based in over 44 countries of the world.

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Abu Dhabi Centre For Performing Arts .

Hadid’s architectural design style predominantly focuses on the creating buildings that

are “boldly contemporary, organic and innovative”. Her buildings are based around

“nature's forms and shapes” with “ curving forms of elongated structures” and

“fragmented geometry” (42 and Fabrique 1950). In addition, there is also much

controversy that revolves around her “bold and dramatic“ (Dutt-D’Cunha, 2015) des igns.

That of which includes the technical error of the Aquatic Centre in London where

spectators failed to the top diving board from upper tier.

Aquatic Centre for London Olympics.

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Analysis of potential application of her work:

Heydar Aliyev Centre in Baku.

The elegant curves of this structure could inspire an interesting form to the mundane

rectangular bus shelters. A potential idea would be the utilization of curves to develop a

closed but more accessible bus shelter.

Furthermore, notice how the windows are not a key feature of the building, but rather

they are overlapped by the building’s troughs and curves. This incorporation of windows

in the centre above could also inspire a better harmony of window and structure in the

shelters.

Super Yacht for Blohm + Voss

The creative use of webbing in the yacht could also inspire a better integration of bus

information in the shelter’s structure. For instance, the webbing in the bus shelter’s form

could be in the form of a large map of Sunshine. This is enlightening as it would also act

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as a better way to communicate information as the “webbed map” would be large. This

would address the issue of the tiny maps on bus signs. The webbing in the structure

would also open possibilities for the better unifying of bus shelter and bus sign post.

Zaha Hadid concept structure.

The openness that comes with the structure’s curved pillars inspires how form can be

used to create space in our bus shelters. In particular, the spacing and shape of the

pillars can be incorporated such that the pillars can act as a support for the structure, but

also not be obstructive of the shelter space.

Hong Kong Polytechnic University.

The curvature of the window shades inspires how the roofs of the shelters can be curved

in such a way that offers more cover to the user from weather.

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Bibliography:

2011 Census QuickStats: Sunshine (Vic.). 2016. 2011 Census QuickStats: Sunshine (Vic.).

[ONLINE] Availableat:http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/quickstat

/SSC21282. [Accessed 25 March 2016].

Murder and mayhem in the western suburbs: St Albans has highest rate of homicide.

2016. Murder and mayhem in the western suburbs: St Albans has highest rate of

homicide. [ONLINE] Available

at:http://www.theage.com.au/victoria/murder-and-mayhem-in-the-western-suburbs-st-al

bans-has-highest-rate-of-homicide-20141012-115044.html. [Accessed 25 March 2016].

Brimbank City Council - Brimbank Maps and Demographics . 2016. Brimbank City Council

- Brimbank Maps and Demographics . [ONLINE] Available

at:http://www.brimbank.vic.gov.au/COUNCIL/About_Brimbank/Maps_and_Demographics.

[Accessed 25 March 2016].

SUNSHINE MARKETPLACE. 2016. . [IMAGE] Available

at:https://www.colliers.com.au/~/media/australia%20website/images/news/2015/sunshin

e%20plaza%201.ashx

. [Accessed 25 March 2016].

Ford, Olwen (2001). Harvester Town: The making of Sunshine 1890-1925 . Sunshine & District

Historical Society Incorporated.

Victoria Police - Media. 2016. Victoria Police - Media. [ONLINE] Available

at:http://www.police.vic.gov.au/content.asp?a=internetBridgingPage&Media_ID=72178

.

[Accessed 25 March 2016].

Moore, R. (2015) Zaha Hadid: A visionary whose ideas don’t always make sense

. Available at:

http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2015/sep/27/zaha-hadid-profile- (Accessed:

27 March 2016).

Foundation, T.H. (2016) Jury citation. Available at: http://www.pritzkerprize.com/2004/jury

(Accessed: 27 March 2016).

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http://www.police.vic.gov.au/content.asp?a=internetBridgingPage&Media_ID=72178https://www.colliers.com.au/~/media/australia%20website/images/news/2015/sunshine%20plaza%201.ashxhttps://www.colliers.com.au/~/media/australia%20website/images/news/2015/sunshine%20plaza%201.ashxhttp://www.brimbank.vic.gov.au/COUNCIL/About_Brimbank/Maps_and_Demographicshttp://www.theage.com.au/victoria/murder-and-mayhem-in-the-western-suburbs-st-albans-has-highest-rate-of-homicide-20141012-115044.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/victoria/murder-and-mayhem-in-the-western-suburbs-st-albans-has-highest-rate-of-homicide-20141012-115044.htmlhttp://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/quickstat/SSC21282http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/quickstat/SSC21282


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Lomholt, I., admin and McManus, D. (2016) Zaha Hadid architect . Available at:

http://www.e-architect.co.uk/architects/zaha-hadid (Accessed: 27 March 2016).

London Aquatics centre (2014) Available at:

http://www.naaro.com/londonaquaticscentre/h59scooyq68mcuewb0nm8rh8h146rf


McKenzie, S. (2014) Zaha Hadid: ‘Would they still call me a diva if I was a man?’ Available at:

http://edition.cnn.com/2013/11/01/sport/zaha-hadid-architect-profile-superyacht/


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