reported speech and present perfect simple

® LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO

ADVENTURELESSON 8


I DARE YOU!LESSON 8A


Do you enjoy doing adventurous things?

Would you like more adventures in your life?


VOCABULARYDESERTFOREST ISLANDMOUNTAINVOLCANO

LAKEWATERFALLRIVERCAVE


PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE


WE USE THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE …

For actions which happened in the past, but we don´t mention when exactly I´ve visited the National Museum, so I don´t want to go there again.

For actions that happened in the past and their results are obvious in the present Look! Herry has broken his leg!


HOW TO FORM THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE?

We form it with the following rule

Have/has + verb in past participle


AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES

SUBJECT HAVE/HAS VERB IN PPI HAVE PLAYED

YOU HAVE PLAYEDHE HAS PLAYEDSHE HAS PLAYEDIT HAS PLAYED

WE HAVE PLAYEDYOU HAVE PLAYEDTHEY HAVE PLAYED


NEGATIVE SENTENCES

SUBJECT HAVE/HAS NOT VERB IN PPI HAVE NOT PLAYED

YOU HAVE NOT PLAYEDHE HAS NOT PLAYEDSHE HAS NOT PLAYEDIT HAS NOT PLAYED

WE HAVE NOT PLAYEDYOU HAVE NOT PLAYEDTHEY HAVE NOT PLAYED


AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES

HAVE/HAS SUBJECT VERB IN PP ?

HAVE I PLAYED ?HAVE YOU PLAYED ?HAS HE PLAYED ?HAS SHE PLAYED ?HAS IT PLAYED ?HAVE WE PLAYED ?HAVE YOU PLAYED ?HAVE THEY PLAYED ?


TIME EXPRESSIONS FOR THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

AlwaysNeverEverBeforeOnce twice


OPEN YOUR STUDENT´S BOOK ON PAGE 137

SPEAKING ACTIVITY

• Do you consider yourself an adventurous person? Why or why not?

• What's the most exciting thing you've ever done? Tell about it.

• If you could go back to another time and place, what time and place would you choose and

why?

• Have you ever tried any of the following: bungee jumping, snowboarding, parachuting, hang-

gliding? If so, tell about it.

• If you were offered a trip on the space shuttle, would you go? Why or why not?


THAT´S LIFELESSON 8B


VOCABULARYLIFTSTUCKOUT OF ORDERBROKE DOWNRUN OUT OF


PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE VS. PAST SIMPLE


WE USE THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE WE USE THE PAST SIMPLE

For actions that happened in the past, but we don´t say when exactly

I have visited Rome.

For actions that happened at a definite time in the past. We clearly say when.

I visited Rome last year.

With the time expressions ever, never, before, always, once twice. Etc.

With the time expressions yesterday, in 1996, ago, last week/month, etc.


IMPORTANT NOTE

Have/has been means that someone has visited a place but has come back. Beth has been to Barcelona (Now she´s back)

Have/has gone means that someone has gone somewhere and is still there. Beth has gone to the supermarket (She´s still there)


ALL ABOARDLESSON 8C


Have you ever use an airplane, ship train or bus?

VOCABULARYHELMETROPECOMPASSPENKNIFELIFE JACKETSEAT BELTWHISTLE ® LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO


REPORTED SPEECH (COMMANDS – REQUESTS)


We use reported speech when we report the meaning of what somebody said, but not with

the exact words.


When we repeat the exact words that someone said, we usually use the verb say and put the words in

qutation marks. This is called Direct Speech

Martin said “call Mr. Roberts at the office”


We usually use tell when we report commands and ask when we report

requests


DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

AFFIRMATIVE “Give me a lift to the station” said Joe

Ask/tell + to + base form of the verb

Joe asked me to give him a lift to the station

NEGATIVE “Don´t use the computer” said Harry

Ask/Tell + not to + base form of the verb

Harry told me not to use the computer


EXERCISES

“Don´t go sailing without a compass. You can get lost” said the instructor to us. The instructor told us not to go sailing without a compass because we could get lost

“Turn off the air conditioning, please. I am getting sick” Donna said to me Donna asked me to turn off the air conditioning because she was getting sick

“Can you give me some information about the courses, please? I said to the receptionist I asked the receptionist to give me some information about the courses.

reported speech and present perfect simple

Education