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United Nations A/HRC/28/68

General Assembly Distr.: General5 March 2015

ri!inal: "n!lish

Human Rights CouncilTwenty-eighth session

A!enda ite# $

Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil,

political, economic, social and cultural rights,

including the right to development

G".15%0&$$' (")

∗1504337∗


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Report of the $pecial Rapporteur on torture and other cruel,inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment,%uan &' ()nde*+

Summary

*n the +resent re+ort, the -+ecial Ra++orter ocses on children de+ried o their

liert ro# the +ers+ectie o the +rohiition o tortre and other crel, inh#an or

de!radin! treat#ent or +nish#ent.

*n the re+ort, the -+ecial Ra++orter e3+lores the international le!al ra#e4or and

standards +rotectin! children de+ried o their liert ro# ein! sected to tortre or

other ill%treat#ent and ro# e3+eriencin! deelo+#entall har#l and tortros conditions

o conine#ent. He also e3a#ines s+eciic stattes and standards a++lin! to +reent

tortre and ill%treat#ent o children de+ried o liert, and shortco#in!s in the +ractical

i#+le#entation o le!al standards.

7 7 ate s#ission.

!


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Contents

Paragraphs Page

*. *ntrodction.............................................................................................................. 1 9 2 $

**. Actiities o the -+ecial Ra++orter.................................................. ... .. ... ... ... .. ... ... $ 9 15 $

A. U+co#in! contr isits and +endin! reests............................................... $ 9 5 $

;. Hi!hli!hts o e +resentations and consltations.......................................... 6 9 15 $

***.


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' ntroduction

1.


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11. n 20 ctoer 201&, the -+ecial Ra++orter +resented his interi# re+ort on the role

o orensic and #edical science in the +reention o tortre to the General Asse#l

(A/6=/$8'). He also +artici+ated in side eents and #et 4ith re+resentaties o +er#anent

#issions and ciil societ or!ani?ations.

12.

ro# $ to ' Noe#er 201&, the -+ecial Ra++orter condcted a contr isit to theGa#ia at the initation o the Goern#ent.

1$. n 10 and 11 Noe#er 201&, the -+ecial Ra++orter held an e3+ert consltation in

@ashin!ton, D.C. on the the#e Children de+ried o their liertE 4ith s++ort o the

Anti%


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United Nations Rles or the rotection o Beniles De+ried o their iert (Haana

Rles), the United Nations Rles or the


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s+ecial #easres or hei!htened de dili!enceE to +rotect the +ersonal liert and secrit

o eer child.5

$$. Children e3+erience +ain and serin! dierentl to adlts o4in! to their +hsical

and e#otional deelo+#ent and their s+eciic needs. *n children, ll%treat#ent #a case

een !reater or irreersile da#a!e than or adlts.6

Moreoer, health deelo+#ent can ederailed e3cessie or +rolon!ed actiation o stress res+onse sste#s in the od, 4ith

da#a!in! lon!%ter# eects on learnin!, ehaior and health. A n#er o stdies hae

sho4n that, re!ardless o the conditions in 4hich children are held, detention has a

+roond and ne!atie i#+act on child health and deelo+#ent. "en er short +eriods o

detention can nder#ine the childFs +scholo!ical and +hsical 4ell%ein! and co#+ro#ise

co!nitie deelo+#ent. Children held in detention are at ris o +ost%tra#atic stress

disorder, and #a e3hiit sch s#+to#s as inso#nia, ni!ht#ares and ed%4ettin!.

eelin!s o ho+elessness and rstration can e #aniested in acts o iolence a!ainst

the#seles or others. Re+orts on the eect o detention on children hae ond hi!her rates

o sicide, sicide atte#+ts and sel%har#, #ental disorder and deelo+#ental +role#s,

incldin! seere attach#ent disorder.'


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oences, oten in nsitale +re#ises.10 *n #an contries, the e3cessie se o +retrial

detention leads to oercro4ded acilities.

&2. Man -tates contine to hold children and adlts in the sa#e acilities, in +articlar

those in +retrial detention and +olice cstod, t also drin! trans+ortation or in the

conte3t o i##i!ration detention. Moreoer, the continos trin! and sentencin! o children as adlts and the lac o s+eciali?ed enile acilities hae reslted in n#eros

children ein! +laced in adlt +risons. Disci+linar and other ad#inistratie rles and

+rocedres are oten a++lied, re!ardless o child stats.

&$. Detainin! children and adlts to!ether 4ill ineital reslt in ne!atie

conseences or the children, 4ho are ie ti#es as liel to e sected to a

sstantiated incident o se3al iolence, and are also #ch #ore liel to 4itness or

e3+erience other or#s o iolence, incldin! +hsical har# acilit sta #e#ers. 11


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&'. A lar!e n#er o children de+ried o their liert sho4 si!ns o #ental health

+role#s, or #ental illnesses or +scholo!ical disorders, 4hich are oten e3acerated

drin! their detention. Children in detention are +rone to sel%har#, incldin! sicide,

ecase o de+ression. *n #an instances, children 4ho ser ro# #ental health +role#s

hae no access to #ental health screenin! 4ithin the irst hors o ad#ission to a detention

centre and do not receie adeate treat#ent, incldin! +schosocial consellin! drin!detention. Moreoer, children sho4in! si!ns o #ental health +role#s are oten held

to!ether 4ith children 4ho do not sho4 sch si!ns.

&8. Girls de+ried o their liert are at a hei!htened ris o se3al iolence, se3al

e3+loitation and ndera!e +re!nancies 4hile in detention.


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+hsical, #ental or +scholo!ical.


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r!ed -tates to ensre that no one is detained a!ainst their 4ill in an ind o #ental health

acilit.1' rther#ore, the -+ecial Ra++orter has osered the contined se o solitar

conine#ent and +rolon!ed restraint o children 4ith disailities in +schiatric instittions.


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+rocedre to identi #inors and to assess their a!e and lnerailit a++ears to e

co#+letel inadeate, as #an children re+orted ein! re!istered as adlts (see

A/HRC/16/52/Add.&, +aras. 68%'$ and CA


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treatment and punishment as cruel, inhuman or degrading' n addition, the particular

vulnerability of children imposes a heightened obligation of due diligence on $tates to

ta1e additional measures to ensure their human rights to life, health, dignity and

physical and mental integrity.

'1.

There is widespread agreement among e


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retributive in relation to the crimes committed, particularly in relation to the childs

individual circumstances and the opportunity for rehabilitation' n the light of the

uni/ue vulnerability of children, including the ris1 of torture or ill-treatment in

detention and $tates obligation of due diligence to afford children heightened

measures of protection against torture and other forms of ill-treatment, children must

be sub?ect to sentences that promote rehabilitation and re-entry into society'

'5. The $pecial Rapporteur believe that there should be a formal obligation to

notify a relative or another adult trusted by the child about his or her detention

regardless of whether the child has so re/uested, e


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'=. The $pecial Rapporteur recalls that detention and forced labour programmes

for children who use drugs are not a legitimate substitute for evidence-based

measures, such as substitution therapy, psychological intervention and other forms of

treatment given with full, informed consent BA#4!44, para' 5' 6rug dependence as

a Dmulti-factoral health disorderE re/uires a health response rather than recourse to

detention'

80. @ithin the conteurthermore, the detention of children who migrate to

escape e


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Bc To adhere to the .nited Iations $tandard (inimum Rules for the

Administration of %uvenile %ustice, the .nited Iations Rules for the Protection of

%uveniles 6eprived of their 3iberty and the .nited Iations Guidelines for the

Prevention of %uvenile 6elin/uency'

85.

@ith regard to the vulnerability of children deprived of their liberty and policyreform, the $pecial Rapporteur calls upon all $tates

Ba To ensure that deprivation of liberty is used only as a measure of last

resort only in e


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provide alternative measures to detention that promote the care and well-being of the

child

Bn To prohibit the use of immigration detention as a method of control or

deterrence for migrant children

Bo To ensure that unaccompanied migrant children are immediately

provided with guardianship arrangements

Bp To ta1e into consideration any trauma or e


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Bg To respond to the specific needs of groups of children that are even more

vulnerable to ill-treatment or torture, such as girls, lesbian, gay, bise

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