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Report on the Regional Meeting forIndia and Nepal IUCN/ SSCAsian Rhino Specialist Group (AsRSG)
March 5-7, 2007Kaziranga National Park, Assam, India
Organiszed By:KAZIRANGANATIONAL
PARK The World Conservation Union
Report on the Regional Meeting forIndia and Nepal IUCN/ SSC
Asian Rhino Specialist Group (AsRSG)
March 5-7, 2007Kaziranga National Park, Assam, India
Edited and Compiled by: Bhawana Syangden, Sectionov, Susie Ellis,
Amrithraj Christy Williams, Nico Van Strien and Bibhab Kumar Talukdar
Table of Contents
I. Introduction 2
II. Background 3
III. Agenda 4
IV. Inaugural Session 6
V. Technical Session 7
VI. Participants 26
VII. Photographs 28
1
Both India and Nepal have demonstrated success with rhinoceros conservation programs and contributed towards global
biodiversity conservation. For example, recent rhino conservation successes were published in one of India's leading daily
newspapers: 'Kaziranga National Park has once again established itself as the century's greatest conservation success story with an
increase of over 300 in the population of the great Indian one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) in between 1999-2006 in a
span of 7 years recorded 1,855 rhinoceros in the park.' Likewise, there was a rhino translocation initiative transferring animals from
Kaziranga to Manas National Park. Similarly, Nepal successfully translocated 87 rhinos from Chitwan National Park to Bardia National
Park and Suklaphanta Wildlife Reserve. In spite of all these success stories, in range countries, there are still gaps in experience
sharing and information exchange between the managers, scientists and decision makers in rhino range countries. This meeting
provided an opportunity to share management and conservation experiences and facilitated preparing a strategy f or the conservation
of rhinoceros in range countries.
The Asian Rhino Specialist Group (AsRSG) organized a 3-day workshop in Kaziranga National Park, Assam, India, 5-7 March 2007.
The aim of the meeting was to:
Introduction
share ideas and discuss the present status of Asiatic one- horned rhinoceros as well as
transboundary rhino conservation strategies,
share experiences on the Rhinoceros Translocation Programme in Nepal and India,
share information on the successful rhino conservation programme in Kaziranga
National Park , Assam, India, and
prioritize issues to prepare a regional Rhino Action Plan for South Asia.
The meeting was jointly organized by the AsRSG for South Asia, WWF Asian Rhino Elephant Action Strategy (AREAS), WWF Nepal,
and IUCN Nepal and was hosted by Assam Forest Department at Kaziranga National Park. Workshop participants included nearly 47
rhino experts, park managers and enthusiasts from different organizations, mainly from India and Nepal.
The AsRSG is very grateful for the generous support provided by the Indian Government and its Officials, in particular for the
assistance provided by Mr. Sonadhar Doley, Principal Chief Conservator of Forests, Mr. M.C. Malakar, Chief Wildlife Warden from the
Assam Forest Department and Mr. S. N. Buragohain, the Director of Kaziranga National Park. Special acknowledgements are due to
Dr. Bibhab Kumar Talukdar for his invaluable support for logistics, transportation and communication. W e also thank Dr. Nico van
Strien, AsRSG Co- Chair for Southeast Asia for his support, especially after the tragic loss of the Co-Chair Dr Tirtha Man Maskey,
whom we remember for his selfless devotion and pioneering work in conservation. His spirit lives on in the work that we all do.
Financial support for the meeting was provided by the WWF AREAS and by WWF Nepal. Dr. Christy Williams, the AREAS
coordinator has always been a passionate supporter of garnering more support for rhino conservation i n the region. This investment
will surely reap the results that all of us are working towards.
This report contains the documents and data sheets produced by th e working groups and the papers and supporting documents
presented during the working sessions of the AsRSG workshop for South Asia.
2
The IUCN Species Survival commission (SSC), created in 1949, is a worldwide science- based network of volunteer experts who
work towards achieving its vision, “A world that values and conserve present level of biodiversity”. The strength and relevance of the
SSC comes from this network thousands of volunteers who donate their time and expertise to produce the scientific and practical
foundation on which the effective delivery of conservation is built, both within the IUCN and elsewhere.
An Asian Rhino Specialist Group for South Asia has been developed at the WWF Nepal Program Office, with the support of WWF
Asian Rhino and Elephant Strategy (AREAS) Program. Logistic support is provided by WWF Nepal.
After correspondence with all the selected members and their acceptance for renew and new members, the AsRSG has finalized our
members list as follows:
Background
Status
Renew Members
New Members
Discontinue Members
Members from Int'l Organizations Related to Nepal/India Activities
India
5
10
12
Nepal
3
6
2
Sri- Lanka
1** **
Pakistan Bhutan Total
8
16
14
2
Encourage networking among AsRSG members in South Asia;
Share experiences from the rhino translocation programs in Nepal and India;
Highlight the success of the rhino conservation programme at Kaziranga National Park; and
Present the Rhino Action Plan of Nepal discuss effective strategies for transboundary
Rhino conservation between Nepal and India.
Assess the conservation status of the greater one-horned rhino
Meeting Objectives:
* Unavailable
3
4
5
Inaugural SessionThe inaugural session of the Asian rhino workshop was moderated by Dr. Bibhab Kumar Talukdar, Secretary General of Aaranyak
and a member of AsRSG. The workshop began with a welcome address by Mr. Sonadhar Doley, Principal Chief Conservator of
Forests (PCCF) of Assam. Mr. Doley welcomed the international participants, representatives from Government Organizations, NGOs,
individual experts and media persons. Mr. Doley emphasized that rhinos are endangered species and a decline in their status and
distribution range means a threat of local extinction unless conservation efforts are stepped up immediately. Highlighting the
objectives of the meeting, Dr. Bibhab Kumar Talukdar also emphasized that this was an important opportunity to share knowledge
and get aware with rhino conservation efforts in Asia.
Dr. Nico van Strien, AsRSG Co-Chair for Southeast Asia, gave a detailed introduction to the AsRSG. He noted that the success story
of rhino conservation in Kaziranga should be replicated in Nepal, where a crisis for the survival of the pachyderm looms large. Dr. van
Strien emphasized that we can improve the situation with rigorous efforts from all quarters. He concluded his remarks by expressing
hope that the workshop would come up with concrete recommendations to set a course ahead for the conservation of Asiatic rhinos.
Mr. Mohan C. Malakar, Chief Wildlife Warden of Assam Forest Department talked about the importance of having the workshop at
Kaziranga National Park, Assam. He raised concerns and opportunities for continued existence and conservation of one-horned
rhinos in South Asia. In his closing remarks, he noted that the Forest department of Assam was proud to be a part of the workshop
to exchange ideas and provide valuable inputs to materialize the vision of the successful conservation of the Asian one-horned
rhinoceros.
Mr. S.N. Buragohain, the Director of Kaziranga National Park, remarked that he was privileged to have hosted the AsRSG workshop
in Kaziranga National Park. He emphasized that the park, in addition to improving the habitats, has adopted vigorous actions and
that the Assam Forest department has been making significant contribution towards con servation and protection of rhinos in parts of
Assam.
Lastly, Mr. Karna Shakya, Advisor to WWF Nepal and Mr. Prabhu Budhathoki Country representative of IUCN Nepal, added that this
workshop targets to build partnership among the organizations working in rhino conservation and thanked everyone present there.
The inaugural session came to an end with the release of AsRSG workshop poster which was followed by a cultural show.
6
A - STATUS OF RHINO AND HORN STOCKPILES Mr. Utpal BoraIN KAZIRANGA NATIONAL PARK
Kaziranga National Park (KNP), with an area of 429.93 km2,is known worldwide for its success in the conservation of greater one-
horned rhino. It harbors the world's largest population of one-horned rhino: 1855 animals in 2006. Utpal Bora briefly exp lained that
the first rhino census in KNP was initiated in 1996 and since then there has been a steady increase in its population. Table 1 shows
the successive rhino population in 2006.
Table 1: Successive Rhino Population in 2006.
Year
1966
1972
1978
1984
1991
1993
1999
2006
Mr. Bora further stated the success behind the increase in population in KNP was the commendable motivation and dedication of
staff officers along with the teamwork and help from the local people who have good awareness of the wildlife and wilderness.
Increasing infrastructure such as roads, wireless vehicle network, and an increased level of intelligence have been an added
advantage. To continue current high standards, it is necessary to utilize modern scientific management, including checking the
straying of rhino which is one of the biggest problems. A united, cost -effective approach, including increasing facilities for staff
officers, will further enhance and strengthen the conservation and population of rhinos in Kaziranga.
B - STATUS OF RHINO AND HORN STOCKPILES IN JALDAPARA Dr. P. T Bhutia AND GORUMARA NATIONAL PARKS
Dr. P.T Bhutia commenced his presentation with a brief introduction on Jaldapara Wildlife Sanctuary and Gorumara National Park and
said that West Bengal is not significant compared to Kaziranga and Chitwan National Parks. He informed that the greater one-
horned rhino was distributed in Sundarbans, Malda districts and over areas of the Gangetic Plains about 160 years ago. Javan
rhinos once was inhabited Bengal's dense forests, but have become extinct. The only surviving species of Asiatic rhino in [WB??]
western Bengal is Rhinoceros unicornis which are presently confined only in two ranges in protected areas of state (Gorumara and
Jaldapara) located in the flood plains of northern west Bengal, Duars. The rhino populations in Jaldapara Wildlife Sanctuary and
Gorumara National Park are shown in Tables 2 and 3.
Male
67
203
331
283
338
387
556
545
Female
83
188
332
296
357
379
586
693
Young
44
148
243
201
190
176
257
409
Un sex
172
119
43
166
184
222
153
208
Total
366
658
939
946
1069
1164
1552
1855
I. (9.15-10.50 AM) DAY 2.
Technical Session Minutes of Meeting Asian Rhino Specialist Group (AsRSG) and Working Group Result, Kaziranga National Park, Assam India (5-7 March 2007)
7
Table 2: Rhino Population Structure in Jaldapara WLS
2002
2004
2005
Table 3. Rhino Population Structure in Gorumara NP
The major drawbacks for rhino conservation in both these parks were large interfaces between the forest and villages, lack of
awareness among people living in the forest, insufficient trained and patrolling staff. The threat of poaching also exists. Another
limiting factor for conservation of rhinos in Gorumara is a limited amount of suitable grassland habitat. The presence of a large,
exposed, forest village border has also compounded the problem. A lack of research, monitoring and a database system for the
purpose of accessing their impacts in the sanctuary is being felt. The cattle in the local villages are generally in poor health as well,
so spreading of cattle-borne diseases to wild animals, and competition for fodder between the wil d and the domestic cattle are the
major problems in West Bengal. This results in soil desecration, destruction of organic matter, which compounds the problem.
Mr. Bhutia noted that the Action plan for conservation of rhino in Jaldapara and Gorumara is being revised for the next 10 years.
Some of the strategies highlighted in the presentation were Zonation and Zone plans where protected areas have been divided into
three management zones:
1) Wilderness zone which is intended for the conservation of biodiversity
2) Habitat improvement zone where managerial intervention, including habitat implementation, is carried out for impa iring
rhino habitat
3) Eco-tourism zone, which partially overlaps other zones and wilderness tourism is developed.
4) Control of poaching of rhino and other species and illicit selling of timber by establishing anti poaching towers, camps at
strategic locations manned by protection staff, and maintaining a fleet of patrolling elephants and staff over the sanctuary. A
strong law enforcement mechanism is needed to apprehend poachers/smugglers, etc.
5) Strengthening wireless network and extending the Park area.
6) Ecotourism in the protected areas included promoting conservation awareness among tourists, dispersing tourism
pressure on the protected areas, and regulating and reorienting tourism to make it more educative and compatible with the
goal of conservation and involving local people in tourism activities. Ecotourism as a tool for cons ervation has bright
prospects - the challenge lies in implementing it in its truest sense.
By taking up all these measures the area will be developed with more inputs and infrastructure and holds great promis e as habitat
for the rhinos.
Adult
Male Female Unsexed
33
37
39
30
31
36
4
5
7
17
23
26
CalvesYear
84
96
108
Total
2002
2004
2005
Adult
Male Female Unsexed
6
9
13
11
11
9
-
-
2
5
5
3
CalvesYear
22
25
27
Total
8
C. STATUS OF RHINO AND HORN STOCKPILES Mr. Abhijit RabhaIN MANAS NATIONAL PARK
Rhino conservation has been found to be more challenging in Manas National Park especially after the socio-political unrest during
the 1990s. However, public and political support for Manas National Park has been exceptional at the most local level of villages
and the political level. Abhijit Rabha further added how the officers and the front liners fought without any infrastructural assistance
and produced amazing results in determining the success and effectiveness of conservation and environmental management.
These efforts led to the deaths of about 15 poachers and illegal tree fellers from 2001-2003. In 2002, a study on the population of
elephants determined that the Park held 678 individuals.
Manas National Park was opened for overseas tourists and the management plan for Manas property was written down. Surveys
determined that Asiatic buffaloes in the WHS number about 210 individuals. The influential Bodoland Liberation Tiger (BLT) force
surrendered in early 2000, resulting in peace and political stability in the area. The officials, together with proactive group of All Bodo
Students Union (ABSU), ex-BLT members, have contributed towards formation of the ecotourism society. Former poachers joined in,
became active conservation volunteers, and were provided physical training. Mainao, a rescued female rhino, was shifted to Manas
from Kaziranga National Park by the Wildlife Trust of India under the Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Program. The animal was
released into the wild by the deputy chief of Bodoland Territorial Council, thus demonstrating the Council's political will and support.
Since then, two more rhinos and six elephants have been moved to Manas for reintegration with the wild population. There has been
a boost in ecotourism at Dwimari and Kokilabari. Strategies aimed at building awareness are in place to engage local communities
(via training of school teachers and publication of educational materials), and a project securing alternative livelihoods and health (as
part of Pigmy Hog Conservation Project - supported by the Darwin Initiative) and livestock healthcare (training of mobile healthcare
workers) has been developed. Abhijit Rabha also highlighted the importance of standardizing procedural mechanisms for better monitoring, status reporting, GIS
analyses, and interpretation of results. This requires deployment of properly skilled and motivated frontline staff and a strict data
quality control at observer and recording levels and support from Assam Forest Department. This could be achieved by effective and
formalized training programs for field personnel and trainers (a first workshop like this is being held as part of a collaborative project
with Assam Department with funding from the Darwin Initiative). Mr. Rabha also emphasized the importance of effective grassland
management and investigating the impact of their change from cattle grazing, annual burning, illegal extraction and natural events
like flood. He said, "Realizing effective monitoring and management is key to securing the future of the Assam rhino requires the
concerted effort of all involved - from field security and monitoring, data collection and analyses, reporting to decision making.”
II. (11.10 AM-1.00 PM)
D - STATUS OF RHINO AND HORN STOCKPILES Mr. Surojit DuttaIN PABITORA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
The Pabitora Wildlife Sanctuary (38.81 km2) is located in a flat terrain in the flood plains of river Brahmaputra, a basin-like structure in
the midst of Mayang, Kamarpur and Monohar hillocks finely-dotted with water bodies, grassland and tree forest. The area is part of
Brahmaputra River floodplain; as such, water remains year-round in different lakes and swamps which makes Pabitora ideal rhino
terrain. Pabitora is 60% grassland, 18% wetland, 20% woodland and 2% other kinds of habitat. Pabitora Wildlife Sanctuary (PWLS)
has been successful in rhino conservation. Table 4 summarizes the area's rhino census results:
9
Table 4. Rhino Census in Pabitora Wildlife Sanctuary
Year
1987
1993
1995
1999
2004
2006
Adult
36
32
42
43
47
48
Sub Adult
13
5
17
12
11
12
Calf
5
11
9
19
21
21
Total
54
56
68
74
79
81
PWLS has witnessed a steady increase in its rhino population. One of the major problems that the Sanctuary management faces is
poaching, and, as the area of Pabitora is very small, the straying of rhinos from the sanctuary also leads to rhino poaching outside
the rhino protected area. Others problems include degradation of habitat, immense biotic pressure, annual flood s, overhead high
tension power, human- animal conflict, siltation and scarcity of water during dry seasons, invasion of Ipomoea spp into grasslands
grazing by livestock from fringe areas to protected areas.
However, major steps such as intensive patrolling inside the protected area and awareness programs have also been organized.
Additionally, interaction sessions with Eco-Development Committees are being carried out and intelligence network is being made
effective. Fringe area cattle also are vaccinated and the Park's area is being extended to ensure rhino security. Tourism has also
increased from the past years.
E - STATUS OF RHINO AND HORN STOCKPILES Mr. Sukumar MominIN ORANG NATIONAL PARK
Rhino conservation in Orang National Park began its momentum in 1972, with an official estimate of rhinos in the area. Covering
78.80 km2, Orang National Park was declared as wildlife sanctuary in 1985 and in 1999 was upgraded into a National Park. The
various habitats found in Orang are swap grasslands, moist deciduous forests, wet alluvial grassland and Khoir Sissoo forest. Orang
also is home to many other species including the royal Bengal tiger, Asiatic elephant, hog dear, wild boar, 15 species of reptiles, and
other animals. Table 5 details the rhino population trends since 1972:
Table 5. Rhino Population Trends in Orang National Park
1972
1985
1991
1999
2006
Adult
Male Female Unsexed
10
23
28
17
28
13
23
41
17
27
3
-
5
1
-
4
10
8
6
9
CalvesYear
35
65
97
46
68
TotalSub Adult
Male Female Unsexed
3
7
-
3
-
2
2
1
2
-
-
-
14
-
4
Problems and threats include damage to habitat composition , severe poaching, lack of community participation, insufficient fund
flow, weed invasion in grasslands, poor habitat connectivity, and declining grasslands (while woodlands have increased).
Nevertheless, Orang could support 100 to 150 rhinos. If NGOs and local people support conservation, the possibility of increa sing
the rhino population in the park can be enhanced, particularly if good awareness and education initiatives, coupled with ecotourism,
is in place.
10
F - STATUS OF RHINOS AND HORN STOCKPILES Mr. Shiva Raj BhattaIN NEPAL
Shiva Bhatta commenced his presentation by saying that three Terai protected areas (Chitwan National Park, Bardia National Park
and Suklaphanta Wildlife Reserve contain rhino. The government's efforts to conserve rhinoceros through the establishment of
Chitwan National Park, implementation of a buffer zone program and translocation of rhinos to other protected areas has improved
the rhino's prospects in Nepal. The population in Chitwan has increased significantly. The current status and distribution of rhino are
shown in Table 6:
Sub Adult Calves
Male Female Unsex
Table 6. Rhino populations in Nepal
Adult
Male Female UnsexMale Female Unsex
113
9
3
125
Name Of PA Count/estimate
Total
Rhino Population
Chitwan NP
Bardia NP
Suklaphanta WR
Grand Total
129
11
140
20
20
9
4
2
15
25
3
28
8
8
11
11
38
3
2
43
19
19
372
30
7
409
2005
2007
2007
In Nepal, the main reason for the rapid reduction in the rhino population are the disappearance of most of alluvial plain grasslands,
combined with massive poaching. Major steps taken so far include arresting illegal traders - more than 100 p eople are in custody
with a provision of up to 15 years in jail and a fine of NRs100,000.00, or both.
Mr. Bhatta has stressed that in addition to increasing the efficiency of park staff in rhino conservation, training needs to be provided
on a regular basis to enhance staff skills and capabilities. Horn stockpiles are collected and stored in Chitwan National Park.
With the increase in political commitments, the action plan, which is based on regular monitoring of rhino population and their
habitats and generating resources for plan implementation, the future of rhino looks promising in Nepal.
III. (2.00 3.00 PM)
G - INDIAN RHINO VISION 2020 Mr. Tariq Aziz
Tariq Aziz said 2000 rhinos survive in about 970 km2 of habitat in three Indian Protected Areas (Pabitora, Orang and Kaziranga).
Threats faced in Assam include poaching and illegal trade, habitat destruction, conflict with people, and fragmented populations.
Improvement in the conservation status of the rhinos in India means improving protection of the existing rhino popu lations and
recreating lost rhino populations via translocations.
Successful translocations need:
Buy-in from the government
Technical expertise on rhino translocations
Sufficient resources
11
Indian Rhino Vision 2020's first phase has a 3-year duration, with the aim to conduct
Assessment of security in target protected areas
Assessment of rhino habitat and rhino population status and potential
Development of improved security infrastructure and operations in Manas and
Orang
Training of Assam Forest Department staff in translocation of rhinos
Translocation of 20-30 rhinos into Manas National Park in Feb-March 2007
Monitoring of translocated rhinos in Manas.
Phase one stresses protection work. Some new roads are now operational, and many more plans are in place. The Southern
Boundary Road, as yet unbuilt, is very critical for protection of Manas. Local communities are involved in various activities, and more
than 130 young men from villages around Manas have been engaged for its protection. Mr. Aziz mentioned that the village
communities actively participated in the Manas Centenary Celebrations (January 2006), where many poachers surrendered their
arms.
The commitment of the Government of India has created greater interest and attracted attention. There is marked improvement in
patrolling; issues relating to staff welfare and shortage of personnel are yet to be addressed
H RHINO CENSUS METHODOLOGY Mr. Bhupen N. Talukdar
Mr. Bhupen N. Talukdar delivered a presentation on Ecological Change of Rhino Habitat in Orang within 15 years. He mentioned that
from 1890 to 1900, Orang was heavily settled, but villagers left the area because of chronic black-water fever. Mr. Talukdar discussed
the composition of the vegetation cover in Orang National Park and population estimates of rhino in the park from various censuses
carried out by the Assam Forest Department. He pointed out the change in grassland composition in the park and impact of Mimosa
a weed that retards the growth of grassland in the park. Mr. Talukdar also stressed the need to check illegal cattle grazing in the
park and in that matter massive awareness in the fringe villages is necessary. Periodic monitoring of vegetation in Orang National
Park is essential to initiate corrective measures to ensure long-term conservation of rhino and habitat in the park.
I REHABILITATION OF RHINOS IN ASSAM Dr. Anjan Talukdar and Dr. Bhaskar Choudhury
Dr. A. Talukdar and Dr. Bhaskar Choudhury discussed treatment and temporary care of injured, sick, orphan animals and release of
fit individuals back to appropriate habitat (International Wildlife Rehabilitation Council).
Chronology of Rhino rehabilitation:
Injured Emergency treatment
Confirmation of Survival potential
ReleasePost release monitoring
OrphanStabilization and
treatmentNursing
Pre release conditioning
Opportunity to develop natural behavior
Pre release screening
Soft release and monitoring
Hard release and
12
IV. ( 3.30 - 5.00 PM)
J - STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION OF TRANSLOCATED RHINOS Mr. Kanchan Thapa
Mr. Kanchan Thapa reported that altogether 87 rhinos have been translocated successfully from Chitwan National Park since 1986:
84 have been moved to Bardia National Park and four rhinos were moved to Shuklaphata Wildlife Reserve. The paper presented the
preliminary results of the monitoring program for these translocated rhinos. Data were collected from direct observations, signs, and
interviews with reserve staff and local communities. Monitoring results showed that the translocated rhino population has increased
in Suklaphanta Wildlife Reserve to six. Unfortunately, there was a sharp decline in population of rhinos in Bardia National Park.
There are two distinct sub-populations of translocated rhinos in Bardia National Park: one in Babai River Floodplain where 70 rhinos
were released, and the other in Karnali River floodplain where 13 rhino were released. There has been sharp decline in the Babai
rhino population as result of conflict situation and lack of protection. The Karnali floodplain rhino p opulation has increased to 35
since 1986. Further translocation is needed in Suklaphanta Wildlife Reserve to safeguard the current population of rhinos. There is
strong need for a transboundary effort to conserve rhinos and to ensure their protection in western part of Terai Arc Landscape.
K CHANGING RHINO HABITATS Mr. Pranjit Sarma andIN ASSAM AND GEO SPATIAL ANALYSIS Dr. Bibhab Talukdar
Mr. Pranjit Sarma highlighted the current vegetation pattern of rhino bearing areas of Assam. The presentation covered five rhino
sites in Assam: Kaziranga National Park, Orang National Park, Manas National Park, Pabitora Wildlife Sanctuary and Laokhowa
Wildlife Sanctuary. Mr. Sarma showed satellite imageries of 1980s, 1990s and 2000s for all the five rhino sites in Assam and pointed
out the landmass loss in case of Kaziranga due to shift of river Brahmaputra towards the south. He highlighted the human pressure
on Pabitora Wildlife Sanctuary and changes in suitable rhino habitat in the sanctuary that has led to rhino straying out of the
sanctuary, especially in winter (the dry season). He further mentioned that the rapid increase in human population around P abitora
Sanctuary (from about 9,571 in 1971 to about 23724 in 2001) has further curtailed the scope of expansion of the Pabitora Wildlife
Sanctuary. This increase in the human population around Pabitora is responsible for increased cattle populations, which are sent
into the prime rhino habitat areas within the sanctuary for grazing. Mr. Sarma showed an area adjacent to Pabitora, Borbeela (with an
area of 24.7 km2) that is suitable habitat for rhino. This new area may eventually be included in Pabitora Wildlife Sanctuary to ensure
long term conservation of rhino.
L LOCAL COMMUNITIES IN RHINO CONSERVATION Mr. Basu Dhungana and Mr. Lava Bista
Mr. Basu Dhungana and Mr. Krishna Prashad Bhurtel discussed the role of local communities in rhino conservation in Nepal's
Chitwan National Park, mentioning the role of the Buffer Zone Management Committee formed in Chitwan National Park. This
includes allocation of resources for conservation-related activities. Mr. Dhungana and Burtel highlighted the initiation of electric
fencing, observation tower, community library, education and awareness. The Management Committee also initiated livelihood
enhancement activities for the fringe communities, including mushroom cultivation, handicraft, weaving, fisheries, etc. The
presentation addressed various problems the Chitwan National Parh faces, including wildlife poaching, invasive species (e.g.,
Eupatorium and Michania), poisoning of water bodies and human encroachment.
13
IV. (9.05 10.25 AM) Day 3
M - STATUS OF RHINO POACHING IN ASSAM Mr. Mrigen Baura andAND TRADE ON RHINO HORN Dr. Bibhab Talukdar
The Assam Forest Department has been making major contribution towards conservation and protection of rhinos in Assam. Mr .
Mrigen Baura and Dr. Bibhab Talukdar emphasized that though rhino bearing areas like Kaziranga, Orang, and Pabitora witness
continuous growth in the rhino population the other areas like Laokhwa Wildlife Sanctuary and Manas National Park face the threat of
poachers and wild life traders. Orang National Park has witnessed severe poaching threats during 1994-2000. However, the officials
and NGOs taking this matter seriously have sponsored equipments to strengthen anti-poaching patrols and this has certainly played
a significant role in decreasing the poaching of rhinos to a great extent. Similarly, in Pabitora the maximum number of rhinos were
poached in the sanctuary in 1988.
The poachers in Pabitora often use electrocution. Kaziranga National Park, although an outstanding example of conservation of
Asiatic rhinos, has also witnessed threat of poaching. From 1987-2005, a total 358 rhinos were poached while 1137 died due to
natural causes. Laokhowa Wildlife Sanctuary had 70 rhinos and Manas had about 80. But during the period of ethnic unrest, most of
the rhinos were poached; currently there are no rhinos available. But considering the habitat types, rhinos could still be placed there,
according to Dr. Talukdar. Considering increase in poaching activities, legal orientation strategies to mitigate wildlife crime,
strengthening antipoaching capabilities by arranging adequate staff and funds providi ng trainings are required to control poaching in
Assam.
N - RHINO POACHING TRADE AND IMPLICATION Mr. Prasanna YonzonON NATIONAL CONSERVATION STRATEGY OF NEPAL
The number of rhinos in Nepal is decreasing due to increased poaching in 2005. Of Nepal's 372 rhinos, 49 died in the past year.
Route of rhino horn transport
Rhino horn smugglers of rhino horn take advantage of international border and lack of proper coordinatio n between the enforcement
agencies of the two countries, and use the townships in the border areas for carrying out smuggling activities.
Saktikhor, Siddhi, Korak, Dahakhane, passage to Dhading and Kalanki, Balkhu, Balaju and Boudha are the main areas in Kathmandu
where rhino horn trading are the highest. The poachers and wildlife traders are mainly people from mountain communities, India n
Bawarras and Behalayas and Tibetians, who have linkages to Tibet. Poaching of rhinos takes place primarily because of the
tremendous demand for its horn in the international market. Due to the increase in poaching of rhino horn, there is a need to
institutionalize Anti Poaching Units, severe penalties, seizures and arrests.
It is also necessary to undertake awareness campaigns to help develop some positive attitudes among local community sur veillance
in protecting rhinos, including awards to communities involved in protecting this endangered species. Livelihood support to
poachers' families could also be provided. Cooperation and support from local people and di fferent enforcement agencies play an
important role in conserving rhinos. It is also important to amend policies to include grassroots effo rts in rhino conservation. Most
importantly, urban traders and poachers need to be monitored on a regular basis.
14
O - CONSERVATION RHINO IN THE EYE OF JOURNALIST Mr. Prabhakar Ghimire and Mr. Subodh Gautam
Due to the Maoist insurgency, conservation in Nepal suffered heavy loss. Maximum numbers of rhinos were killed by the poachers
manipulating the political situation in Nepal during these insurgencies. Now that the political situation is stable in Nepal, poaching
still remains a threat, explained Mr. Prabhakar Ghimire. In 5 months, about 12 rhinos were killed by the poachers and three died from
natural causes.
Mr. Prabhakar also informed that the poachers and traders often receive the political protection. Some wardens are also seen
misusing their powers, and lack of proper investigation, commitment from the Government bodies and neglig ence of conservation
staff are some of the reasons why the rhinos end up in the hands of wildlife traders and poachers. However, if provisions are made
for punishing those officials misusing their powers, including severe penalties and punishments for those involved in trading rhino
horns, with proper investigation, the poaching rate could certainly be less than at present. Mr. Prabhakar further added that the
cooperation of local people living in the buffer zone and adjacent to protected areas will also be the key to achieving success in
combating poaching.
One of the major roles played by media in the field of conservation is creating awareness to the people by giving conservation
related news and programs that discourage poaching. Two senior conservation officer were suspended as a result of strong media
reports. Despite that, there are various problems faced by the media, including obtaining proper infor mation because the
knowledgeable sources prefer to stay away from the journalists, difficulty of access to the concerned officials, lack of specialized
knowledge among journalists, lack of coordination between local reporters and people, and that conservation i ssues are not the
main concern among the people and the local level media is not influential enough. If we prevail over these limitations, then the
poaching threats in Chitwan will indeed drop off.
P RHINO ACTION PLAN IN NEPAL Mr. Puran B. Shrestha
The main goal for the rhino action plan is to preserve the Rhinoceros unicornis and strengthen the recovery of rhino population in
Nepal. It aims to build and maintain the population of rhino in Nepal through translocation, to develop the local guardianship, to
continue scientific studies and monitoring, to develop human resources in wildlife management and most importantly to stop the
illegal trade of rhino horn and products.
The main objectives are:
Study biology and habitat and establish a database with a monitoring system by conducting essential research on rhino.
Habitat expansion through rehabilitation, restoration of identified priority rhino habitats by maintaining forest corridor, and
developing tourism plans for protected areas.
Create viable population by translocating more rhinos and monitoring t ranslocated rhinos.
Improve rhino human relation through buffer zone development and conservation by implementing awareness programs,
community development programs, trainings, and a commu nity relief fund.
Strengthen anti-poaching capabilities by establishing and equipping anti-poaching units, and supporting national legislation
as well as CITIES..
Build up institutional capacities by providing specific trainings, and st rengthening infrastructure, including building
orphanage centers in each protected area. Improve storage for rhino horn stock piles.
Strengthen national transboundary, regional and international collaboration through organized periodic meetings which aim
to develop an information-sharing mechanism.
Continuous transfer of rhino for ex situ conservation from wild populations by preparing rhino transfer criteria, and a
translocation schedule.
15
Five years Action Plan Program for the Asian one-horned rhino for Nepal.
The total Budget to implement a 5-year action plan is estimated at US$2.90 million. Of this, US$1.47 million has been set aside for
Chitwan National Park, US$833,000 for Bardia National Park and US$507,000 for Suklaphata Wildlife Reserve.. The major portion of
the total budget is allocated for anti-poaching operations.
Population estimate/ Research and Monitoring/ Database
Habitat Management
Anti Poaching
Conservation Education
Rhino orphanage/ Medicine/ Stockpile storage
Hattisar Management
Tourism code of conduct
Relief Funds
Trainings/workshop/seminars
Other unseen costs
Sub Total
1) Chitwan National Park
Activities Budget in US $
255,000
75,000
130,000
524,000
40,000
115,000
100,000
25,000
100,000
100,000
1504,000
2) Bardia National Park
Population estimate/ Research and Monitoring/ Database
Habitat Management
Anti Poaching
Conservation Education
Rhino orphanage/ Medicine/ Stockpile storage
Hattisar Management
Tourism code of conduct
Relief Funds
Trainings/workshop/seminars
Other unseen costs
Sub Total
Activities Budget in US $
195,000
105,000
248,000
25,000
80,000
25,000
25,000
50,000
30,000
50,000
833,000
16
3) Suklaphata Wildlife Reserve
Population estimate/ Research and Monitoring/ Database
Habitat Management
Anti Poaching
Conservation Education
Rhino orphanage/ Medicine/ Stockpile storage
Hattisar Management
Tourism code of conduct
Sub Total
Activities Budget in US $
100,000
75,000
232,000
15,000
35,000
25,000
25,000
507,000
WORKING GROUP AND CONCLUSIONS
A. WESTERN TERAI
Population of 200 rhinos maintained as a metapopulation in four protected areas in the Western Terai Landscape.
Existing situation
Four patches (protected areas) and matrix (forest outside of protected areas, agricultural land and settlement
Patches are not big enough to maintain viable population of large mammals
Human disturbance is a major challenge for conservation
If not managed, the population may become extinct because of its small number (lack of dispersal and Inbreeding)
Current population
Population Rhinoceros (Reintroduced)
30-40
6
21
4
Individual protected areas alone can not hold viable population
Ever-increasing human population and their needs make conservation work more difficult
Managed as a metapopulation
Potentiality
Remnant forest outside the protected areas of the Western Terai still connects these protected areas.
Movement of rhinoceros from one park to another and occasional records of elephant and tiger in these forests indicates
potential for managing these mammals in a metapopulation approach.
Genetic Variability of Western Terai large mammals is high* .
High genetic variability in rhinoceros in the Chitwan population (Dinerstein 1991).
Bardia Population
Sukla population
Dudhwa population
Katarnia Population
*No DNA study results yet to substantiate genetic variability.
17
Priority Activities
Security: Ten guard post by 2008 in Bardia and Suklaphata, US$ 1,00,000 (equipment and other logistics)
Strengthen communication network: US$ 25,000
Strengthen population through supplementary translocation: 20 rhinos from Chitwan National P ark in 2009: US$10,0000 US
Ten rhinos to be moved to the Western Terai in Nepal from Kaziranga National Park by 2010/2011: US$ 250,000
Establish individual identification-based monitoring of rhinos for active management to keep population breeding optimally .
US$50,000 for first year and US$10,000 every subsequent year
Supplementary activities:
Capacity building and training (US $50,000 per year)
Expedite Transboundary Cooperation (US $5,000 per year)
Strengthen Awareness and Education Program (US $ 40,000 per year)
Support to Park Management: Hattisar Management (US $25,000 per year)
Habitat Management: Grassland management/weed control (200 ha: US$ 10,000 per year)
Assumption: Provided Government of Nepal approves the proposal.
B. NORTH EAST INDIA
KAZIRANGA
Known CostsWhoWhenNeed to DoBeing DoneNeed to know
Population
Available Food habit Census every
6 years
Census every 3 years
on the same day by
forenoon
2009 and
onwards
Government
Target Population
2500 by yr 2020 Monitoring
0.3% annually during
2000-2006
Management GovernmentImmediate and
Recurring
Poaching
Eliciting
information,
Traffic and trade
Anti-poaching Legal cell, Intelligence
network, and
protection
Govt.
Enforcement
Agencies
Immediate and
Recurring
Protection
New recruitment and
increase of staff strength,
free ration and more field
allowance, Creation of new
range in North Bank
Intelligence
Network and
Poacher's
profile
Anti-poaching
duty
Increase in staff
strength and logistic
support
Immediate and
Recurring
Government
Extension and
Management
18
Habitat Management
Wetland: De-siltation,
Anicut (Bundh), removal of
water hyacinth,
Grassland:
Eradication of weeds
(Mimosa, Epitorium,
Michania),
Reclamation of grassland
---- De-weeding Dynamics of river
plain ecosystem
Government
Community Work
Eco-development.
Ecotourism
Impact of eco-
development
Stray of animal and
casualties/injuries during
calamities
Eco
Development
GovernmentImmediate and
Recurring
Rescued Population
Monitoring
and
Evaluation
Rescue
and
Driving back
Recurring
National Highway
Proposal of Widening
of NH
Monitoring of
impact on
animal
migration
Impact of
animal
migration
Status Quo/
diversion/
flyover
Government
Corridor
Addition 2, 3, 5 ---- Finalization Government---- Immediate
Immediate and
Recurring
Development
of EDC
Government
----
Miscellaneous
Mining Impact Regulation of mining GovernmentMonitoring Immediate
Known CostsWhoWhenNeed to DoBeing DoneNeed to know
Equipment
Arms, Wireless, Vehicles,
country boats, uniforms,
boat line clearance
---- Requires more and
maintenance
Govt/Donors/
NGOs
---- Immediate and
Recurring
19
PABITORA
Population
81 as on 2006 Food habit,
stray activity,
Census every
6 years
Census every 3 years
on the same day by
forenoon
2009 and
onwards
Government
Target Population
120 by 2020 Monitoring
2.5% annually during
2000-2006
Management GovernmentImmediate
Poaching
Eliciting
information,
Traffic and trade
Anti-poaching Legal cell, Intelligence
network, and
protection
Govt.
Enforcement
Agencies
Immediate and
Recurring
Protection
New recruitment and
increase of strength,
free ration and more field
Allowance, new camps
Intelligence
Network and
Poacher's
profile
Anti-poaching
duty
Increase in staff
strength and logistic
support
Immediate and
Recurring
Government
Inclusion of Extended
area and addition of
new area like Borbeela
Known CostsWhoWhenNeed to DoBeing DoneNeed to know
Equipment
Arms, Wireless, Vehicles,
country boats, uniforms,
boat line clearance
---- Requires more and
maintenance
Govt/Donors/
NGOs
---- Immediate and
Recurring
Habitat Management
Wetland: De-siltation,
Anicut (Bundh), removal of
water hyacinth,
Grassland:
Eradication of weeds
(Mimosa, Epitorium,
Michania),
Reclamation of grassland
---- De-weeding Monitoring Government
Community Work
Eco-development.
Ecotourism
Impact of eco-
development
Stray of animal and
casualties/injuries during
calamities
Eco
Development
GovernmentImmediate and
Recurring
Rescued Population
Monitoring
and
Evaluation
Rescue
and
Driving back
Recurring
Miscellaneous
Opening of industry Impact Monitoring Regulation Government
Immediate and
Recurring
Development
of EDC
Government
Immediate
----
Livestock Grazing Impact Conversion of scrub
cattle
Govt/NGOsPhysical
Chasing and
impounding
Immediate
20
ORANG NATIONAL PARK
Population
68 as on 2006 Food habit,
stray activity,
Census every
6 years
Census every 3 years
on the same day by
forenoon
2009 and
onwards
Government
Target Population
120 by yr 2020 Monitoring
1.5% annually during
2000-2006
Management GovernmentImmediate and
Recurring
Poaching
Eliciting
information,
Traffic and trade
Anti-poaching Legal cell, Intelligence
network, and
protection
Govt.
Enforcement
Agencies
Immediate and
Recurring
Protection
New recruitment and
increase of strength,
free ration and more field
Allowance, new camps
Intelligence
Network and
Poacher's
profile
Anti-poaching
duty
Increase in staff
strength and logistic
support
Immediate and
Recurring
Government
Extension and
Management
Known CostsWhoWhenNeed to DoBeing DoneNeed to know
Equipment
Arms, Wireless, Vehicles,
country boats, uniforms,
boat line clearance
---- Requires more and
maintenance
Govt/Donors/
NGOs
---- Immediate and
Recurring
Habitat Management
Wetland: De-siltation,
Anicut (Bundh), removal of
water hyacinth,
Grassland:
Eradication of weeds
(Mimosa, Epitorium,
Michania),
Reclamation of grassland
---- De-weeding Dynamics of river
plain ecosystem
Government
Community Work
Eco-development.
Ecotourism
Impact of eco-
development
Stray of animal and
casualties/injuries during
calamities
Eco
Development
GovernmentImmediate and
Recurring
Rescued Population
Monitoring
and
Evaluation
Rescue
and
Driving back
Recurring
Miscellaneous
Immediate and
Recurring
Development
of EDC
Government----
Livestock Grazing Impact Conversion of scrub
cattle
Govt/NGOsPhysical
Chasing and
impounding
Immediate
21
MANAS NATIONAL PARK
Population
3 Status Census every
6 years
Census every 3 years
on the same day by
forenoon
2009 and
onwards
Government
Target Population
50 by yr 2020 Feasibility
—
Management GovernmentImmediate and
Recurring
Poaching
Eliciting
information,
Traffic and trade
Anti-poaching Legal cell, Intelligence
network, and
protection
Govt.
Enforcement
Agencies
Immediate and
Recurring
Protection
New recruitment and
increase of strength,
free ration and more field
Allowance, new camps
Intelligence
Network and
Poacher's
profile
Anti-poaching
duty
Increase in staff
strength and logistic
support
Immediate and
Recurring
Government
Translocation and
re-introduction
Known CostsWhoWhenNeed to DoBeing DoneNeed to know
Equipment
Arms, Wireless, Vehicles,
country boats, uniforms,
boat line clearance
---- Requires more and
maintenance
Govt/Donors/
NGOs
---- Immediate and
Recurring
Habitat Management
Wetland: De-siltation,
Anicut (Bundh), removal of
water hyacinth,
Grassland:
Eradication of weeds
(Mimosa, Epitorium,
Michania),
Reclamation of grassland
---- De-weeding Government
Community Work
Eco-development.
Ecotourism
Impact of eco-
development
Stray of animal and
casualties/injuries during
calamities
Eco
Development
Government
Immediate and
Recurring
Rescued Population
Monitoring
and
Evaluation
Rescue
and
Driving back
Miscellaneous
Immediate and
Recurring
Development
of EDC
Government
Livestock Grazing Impact Conversion of scrub
cattle
Govt/NGOsPhysical
Chasing and
impounding
Immediate
----
Setting up of rescue
and rehabilitation
centre
Immediate and
Recurring
22
LAOKHOWA
Population
Nil Feasibility Census every
6 years
Census every 3 years
on the same day by
forenoon
2009 and
onwards
Government
Target Population
50 by yr 2020 Habitat status
—
Management GovernmentImmediate and
Recurring
Poaching
Eliciting
information,
Traffic and trade
Anti-poaching Legal cell, Intelligence
network, and
protection
Govt.
Enforcement
Agencies
Immediate and
Recurring
Protection
New recruitment and
increase of strength,
free ration and more field
Allowance, new camps
Intelligence
Network and
Poacher's
profile
Anti-poaching
duty
Increase in staff
strength and logistic
support
Immediate and
Recurring
Government
Re-introduction and
Intensive
management
Known CostsWhoWhenNeed to DoBeing DoneNeed to know
Equipment
Arms, Wireless, Vehicles,
country boats, uniforms,
boat line clearance
---- Requires more and
maintenance
Govt/Donors/
NGOs
---- Immediate and
Recurring
Habitat Management
Wetland: De-siltation,
Anicut (Bundh), removal of
water hyacinth,
Grassland:
Eradication of weeds
(Mimosa, Epitorium,
Michania),
Reclamation of grassland
---- De-weeding Government
Community Work
Eco-development.
Ecotourism
Impact of eco-
development
Stray of animal and
casualties/injuries during
calamities
Eco
Development
Government
Recurring
Rescued Population
Monitoring
and
Evaluation
Rescue
and
Driving back
Miscellaneous
Immediate and
Recurring
Development of EDC
and intensive
eco-tourism
Government
Livestock Grazing Impact Conversion of scrub
cattle
Govt/NGOsPhysical
Chasing and
impounding
Immediate
----
Setting up of rescue
and rehabilitation
centre
Immediate and
Recurring
23
C. CENTRAL TERAI
Vision for Central Terai
A populations of 800 Indian One horned Rhinos by 2017.
Actions in Priority:
1. To protect existing populations with strong law enforcement and ant i-poaching operations.
2. To improve the quality of existing habitat
3. To extend and maintain habitat, particularly in Gorumara and Chitwan
4. To study population and habitat dynamics
5. To opt for translocation among the three populations to improve gene pool based on scientific studies.
Cross-cutting theme:
1. To create extensive conservation awareness program
2. To conduct trans-boundary ex-change, meetings and workshop from community at sites to managers and
national levels.
3. To engage local communities and their institutions actively in park management
The basis of Vision and priority activities:
Protected areas Jaldapara Gorumara Chitwan Parsa
Rhino Population growth
Existing Habitat
Rhino
Habitat extension
Human population
Area km2
Total
Growth about 5.0%
216
100
108
50
57,000
150
80
8
27
40
30,000
50
932 + 350
70
372
70
225,000
590
499+30
10
0 but movement recorded
20
40,000
10
Increase in growth due to habitat improvement, extension & gene flow
200 600
24
D. RED LIST STAUS OF GREATER ONE-HORNED ASIAN RHINO
A small group met to discuss the IUCN Red List status of the Greater one-horned rhino. Based on the below information, it was
agreed that the species should be considered “Vulnerable” based on criteria B1+B2b(ii). A Red List authority will be developed for
review of this initial recommendation by the Asian Rhino Specialist Group Chairman.
Name of PAArea of occupancy (km2)
Chitwan
Sukulaphanta
932
355
Size of PA (km2) Buffer zone in km2 # Rhino
Nepal
750 372
6
70
20
Dudwa-Bardia Complex (India/Nepal)
Dudwa
Karteniaghat
Bardia
800
450
968 350
21
2
35
10
10
50
India
Jaldapara
Gorumara
Pabitora
Orang
Manas
Kaziranga
216
80
39
79
500
860
108
27
81
68
3
1855
100
8
16
79
1
350
Pakistan
Lal Sohanra NP ? 2
Total 5279 1100 2577 714
25
Forty-seven people, representing Government of Nepal Ministries and Departments, Indian Government and officials, NGOs/ INGOs,
donors, and media participated in the workshop. The complete list of participants and their organiza tions are presented in Annex 1.
Participants:
ANNEX 1
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS REGIONAL WORKSHOP ASIAN RHINO SPECIALIST GROUP (ASRSG) MARCH 5-7, 2007
KAZIRANGA NATIONAL PARK, ASSAM, INDIA
SN Participants Organization Contact Ph. No.
Dr. Bhaskar Chaudhury
Dr. Bibhab .K. Talukdar
Dr. Christy Williams
Dr. Ghana. S. Gurung
Dr. Kamal Gairhe
Dr. Nico .V. Strien
Dr. P.T. Bhutia
Dr. Richard Emslie
Dr. Susie Ellis
Mr. Abhijit Rabha
Mr. Amit Sharma
Mr. Basu .D. Dhungana
Mr. Bhupendra. N. Talukdar
Mr. Bishan .S. Bonal
Mr. Buddhin Hazarika
Mr. D.M. Singh
Mr. Deependra Joshi
Mr. Hemanta. K. Yadav
Mr. Ishwor Joshi
Mr. Kanchan Thapa
Mr. Karna Shakya
Mr. Krishna.P. Bhurtel
Mr. Lava Bista
Mr. Loknath Baruwah
Mr. M.C. Malakar
WTI
Aaranyak
AREAS, WWF International
WWF Nepal
Chitwan National Park, Nepal
Co-Chair, AsRSG SE Asia
West Bengal Forest Department
AfRSG, IUCN SSC
International Rhino Foundation
Tiger Project, Manas
AREAS, WWF India
Chitwan National Park, Nepal
Assam Forest
Forest Department Assam
Mangaldai College
Forest Department Assam
IUCN Nepal
Student, Researcher
BBC/NTV
WWF Nepal
Advisor, WWF Nepal
Chitwan National Park, Nepal
Shuklaphata Wildlife Reserve, Nepal
Kaziranga National Park , Assam
Forest Department Assam
91 94351 13139
977 1 4434820
977 1 4434820
94341 94924
27 33 3434065
1-540-465-9595
94351 23320
94350 15657
9435548706
94355 51775
98350 875333
98350 81348
977 1 5528781
977 9841247971
977 1 4434820
98550 15407
977 99522624
94352 35132
98640 66350
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
SN Participants Organization Contact Ph. No.
Mr. Matthew Lewis
Mr. Mrigen Baura
Mr. Narendra. M.B. Pradhan
Mr. Nirupam Hazarika
Mr. Prabhakar Ghimire
Mr. Pradeep Vyas
Mr. Pranjit.K.Sarma
Mr. Prasanna Yonzon
Mr. Puran.B.Shrestha
Mr. Ramprit Yadav
Mr. S. Momin
Mr. S.N. Buragohain
Mr. S.S.Bisht
Mr. Sectionov
Mr. Santanu Dey
Mr. Shivraj Bhatta
Mr. Sonadhar Doley
Mr. Subodh Gautam
Mr. Tariq Aziz
Mr. Utpal Bora
Ms. Bhawana Syangden
Mr. Surojit Dutta
WWF US
Forest Department Assam
DNPWC, Nepal
Aaranyak
Kantipur Daily, Nepal
West Bengal Forest Department
Aaranyak
Wildlife Conservation Nepal
Shuklaphata Wildlife Reserve
Chitwan National Park, Nepal
DFO Wildlife Darrang Assam
Kaziranga National Park
Forest Department West Bengal
AsRSG Southeast Asia
Aaranyak
DNPWC, Nepal
Forest Department Assam
Kantipur Daily, Nepal
WWF India
DFO, Kaziranga National Park
AsRSG, South Asia
DFO-Guwahati WL Division
94353 44564
9841564442
98541 21310
9851059244
099 521309
056 526439
99541 77677
94350 53434
9954 846682
0361 2541319
9851054061
94351 46167
977 1 4434820
+9435031789
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
27
Discussions held during the workshop among conservationists, park managers and forestry officers
Photographs
The opening ceremony
Participants of the workshop
28