report on jgsy-ii abhishek singh 2001-2003

Abhishek Singh Roll No. 2,

Session (2001-2003)

Rural Management & Development,

Patna University, Patna-800 005

Assessment of Jawahar Gram

Samridhi Yojna (SGRY-II) in

Kanti Block (Muzaffarpur)

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Assessment of Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojna (SGRY-II) in Kanti Block (Muzaffarpur) by Abhishek Singh

Roll No. 2, Rural Management & Development, Patna University, Patna-800 005

CERTIFICATE This is to certify that Mr. Abhishek Singh Roll

No. 2, Dept. of Rural Studies, Patna University,

Patna-800 005 has conducted the study on

Jawahar Gram Sardinia Yojna (JGSY) presently

known as Sampoorn Gramin Swarojgar Yojna

(SGRY) (Scheme–II).

This is also certified that, he gathers the

information required for the assessment himself.

And hereby this research is accepted.

Supervisor Dr. Sanjay Kumar Harizon Rural Management and Development Dept of rural studies, Patna University Patna –800 005

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

MD. Samim, Block Development Officer, Kanti

Mr. Shivjee Rai, Mukhiya, Mustafapur (Kanti)

Mr. Vijay Shankar, Panchayat Secretary, Mustafapur Dr. K P Singh, HOD, Dept of Rural Studies, Patna University, Patna-800 005 Dr. Sanjay Kumar Harizon, supervisor, Fieldwork, Rural Management and Development, Patna University, Patna- 5 Dr. Prabhakar Jha, Prof. In-Charge, Fieldwork, Rural Management and Development, Patna University, Patna- 5 All other faculty members of Rural Studies Dept. and those who have supported me in the study.

Abhishek Singh Roll No. 2, (Session 2001-2003) Rural Management & Development, Patna University, Patna-800 005

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CONTENTS

CHAPTER - 1 Introduction

1 Importance and Rational of the

study

2 Objective of the study

3 Scope of the study

4 Methodology

5 Constrains

CHAPTER-2 About the Jawahagar Gram Samridhi

Yojna

1 Introduction

2 Rational

3 Objective

CHAPTER- 3 Work and Implementation strategies

1 Strategy

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2 Special Safeguards to Weaker

Section

CHAPTER-4 Financial and Physical Performance

CHAPTER-5 Introduction of Kanti Block

CHAPTER -6 Study of JGSY in Mustafapur

Panchayat In Kanti Block.

1 Introduction of Mustafapur

Panchayat

2 Socio-economic condition of

the Panchayat

3 Information JGSY (SGRY-II)

4 Allocation to the Panchayat

Mustafapur

5 Scheme Selected /

Implemented In Gram Sabaha

CHAPTER-7 Introduction of respondents

(Tables)

CHAPTER-8 Responses of villagers on the

Scheme (Tables)

30-42

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CHAPTER-9 Major constrains of the scheme

1 Operational Difficulties 43

2 Conceptual Weakness

44

CHAPTER-10 Suggestions and Conclusion

1 Suggestions 46

2 Conclusion

47

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CHAPTER – 1

(Introduction)

1. Importance and Rational of the study

The study is conducted to know the currunt status

of the JGSY (SGRY-II) scheme. It will also explore the

feasibility of this type of program in the rural area.

Through this evaluation study, I tried to know the

actual position in the villages of Bihar. The impact of

the employment generation in the rural area has

shown its effect in the reports but in the actual

people get benefit on what extent it should be

analyzed.

Poverty is the major hurdle in the development of

the nation. Today after fifty-eight years of the

Independence more than one third of the population

lives bellow poverty line (BPL). There were plans

outlays to fight the grim situation but still there are

not desired achievements in the field of rural

employment.

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The government has worked on the issue and now

the central government has made legislation namely

“Employment Guarantee Act -2005”. This Act will

ensure employment to the rural labour force for 100

days in a year at the prevalent rate of wage in the

state decided by the respective state government.

It is necessary to know the present situation and the

impact left by the JGSY presently known as

Sampoorn Gramin Swarojgar Yojna (Scheme-II). The

number of man days employment generated by the

scheme per year and is the scheme is empowering

the rural people and catering the need of the people

or it is just being implemented for the shake of

expenditure of plan money.

2. Objective of the study

To know the present situation I the villages about

the employment opportunity provided by the JGSY

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To study the feasibility of the employment

schemes run by government especially the

Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojna (SGRY-II)

To study the pattern of wage payment under the

scheme and to study the methodology of

implementation of the program.

To analysis the peoples participation in the

government run scheme.

3. Scope of the study

I have selected Kanti Block to study the situation. It

is a Community Development Block established in

1952. Kanti is 90 kms from the State capital. I have

conducted the study under Panchayat Mustfapur. I

have centered on the following things.

Detailed information about CD Block and

Panchayat: I have studied all the concerning

information of the Block. The geographical,

social, economic and other information like

prone to disaster and concerning information.

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Present Status of Poverty: Kanti is lagging

behind in the race of development. The person

living bellow poverty line is very high here. The

poverty is grim here in this block especially in

the flood affected panchayats of the block.

People’s Participation in the government run

scheme: Through this study I tried to find out

the participation of the common people in this

type of employment generation scheme. And

how the government is delivering the program

to the needy people; also to identify the gaps

which come under the participation of the

people.

Problems and Hindrance in the Program: I tried

to gather the information regarding the

problem hindering the success of the program.

4. Methodology

At the very outset I gathered the information of the

Kanti CD block and Mustafapur Panchayat under the

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Muzaffarpur Dist. While visiting the Kanti Block, I

met the Block Development officer MD Samim and

other staffs of the block office.

I developed a questioner for the response of the

people. Which I filled during the interview of the

people of Mustafapur Panchayat which I have

selected for the project study on Jawahar Gram

Samridhi Yojna (SGRY-II).

I used different software for the analysis of the Data

like “SPSS for Windows”, MS Word, MS Excel and MS

Access” to make the data simple and easy to

understand to the people who might use the data

and information in the findings and report.

Apart from the discussion with the stakeholders and

rural people especially the downtrodden and weaker

section of the society, I tried to put my rational view

in the project report.

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5. Constrains

The biggest difficulty I faced is the flood because the

Panchayat is situated on the bank of the Burhi

Gandak River. Which is flooded and three times

during July to September 2005. Apart from this,

unavailability of the officials and the staffs at

frontline also created a problem at a great extent.

The reason for this is more or less over burden

government staffs and the scarcity of the staffs also

like one Panchayat secretary is looking for the two

or three panchayat.

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CHAPTER -2

(Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojna)

1. Introduction

This scheme was launched in 1999 by the central

government it was aimed to provide 100 days of unskilled

manual labour to those who are in need of the

employment and seeking it.

It is to be ensured that the provision of employment

under this scheme leads to the creation of durable

productive assets in the rural area. The scheme envisages

regular inspection of works by the implementing

agencies and supervisory authority i.e. the collector,

District Rural development Agencies, Sub-divisional

officers, Block Development officers, etc.

The future strategy of the scheme has focus on

identification of the pockets of acute unemployment,

location of projects in a manner that it is available to

needy people within a reasonable distance, involvement

of Panchayat, ensuring that people registered in the

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panchayat’s muster roll get employment, awareness

generation among the target groups rigorous monitoring

and evaluation of the program.

The Jawahar Gram Samridhi yojna (1999) is merged in the

new scheme i.e. Sampooran Grameen Rojgar Yojna

(SGRY) in 2001.

Sampooran Grameen Rojgar Yojna was launched on 25th

September, 2001 with an annual outlay of 10 thousand

crores. The scheme is self targeting in nature and is open

to all rural poor. By merging, the hitherto on going

schemes of the Employment Assurance Scheme (EAS) the

only wage employment program for rural area and the

Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojna (JGSY) a rural infrastructure

development project.

The program is operation for more than three years and

thousands of crores of rupees along with millions of tons

of food grain during this period. The JGSY scheme is

presently known as SGRY (Scheme-II)

2. Rational

Unemployment, poverty, malnutrition are the main

problems of our countryside. These problems are

assuming dangerous proportions further due to ever-

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increasing population, mechanizing and contracting job

opportunities in the rural areas particularly in agriculture,

construction, small and medium enterprises sector. In the

scenario of declining growth rate of employment

increasing number of unemployed, 193.2 million poor

people (BPL) living in rural area, and being home of nearly

25 percent world’s hungry population despite

considerable food surpluses the SGRY assumes the

importance. Besides generating employment, the

program envisaged making a dent in the prevailing

poverty and slow growth in rural economy and to provide

food security and demand when driven infrastructure at

the village level to facilitate faster growth by increasing

the opportunities of employment through access to the

market oriented economy.

3. Objectives

Primarily, the program aims at providing

additional and supplementary wage

employment to provide food security and

improve nutritional level in all rural areas.

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Creation of durable community, social and

economic assets and infrastructural

development in rural areas is the secondarily

objective.

The program is self-targeting in nature and is

open to all rural poor, needy wage

employment and desirous of doing the manual

and unskilled work.

CHAPTER -3

(Work and Implementation strategies)

1. Strategy

The scheme is implemented on cost sharing basis

between the center and the states in the ratio of 75:25 of

the cash component and 100 percent food grains are

provided by the central government to the states/UTs

free of cost.

The program is wholly implement by the Panchayati Raj

institution (PRIs) i.e. district Panchayats, intermediate

Panchayat and Gram Panchayat. Resources (funds and

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food grain) are made available to all the three tiers of PRIs

in the ratio of 20:30:50. It is ensured that out of 50

percent of funds, each gram panchayat gets minimum

Rest. 25000. Initially implemented in two streams i.e.

stream -I (ZP and PS) and stream –II (GP), from 01 April

2004 both the streams are merged into one. 5 percent of

the fund and food grains under the scheme are retained

by the Ministry of Rural Development (MORD) for

utilization in the area of acute distress, arising out of

natural calamities or for taking up preventive measures

in the chronically drought or flood affected areas.

“Special component “ comprising of only food grains

takes care of the states affected by the natural calamity

to meet exigencies.

While providing wage employment preference is given to

agricultural wage earners, non-agricultural unskilled

wage earners, marginal farmers, the persons affected by

natural calamities, women, members of the SCs/STs and

parents of child labour withdrawn from hazardous

occupations and handicapped parents who are desirous

of working manually.

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2. Special Safeguards to Weaker Section

On the total annual allocation including food grains to the

district and Intermediate panchayat, 22.5 percent are

earmarked for the individual / group, SCs/STs

beneficiaries families living bellow the poverty line (BPL),

and 50 percent of the village panchayat earmarked

resources for the creation of the need based village

infrastructure in SC/ST habitations/ Wards and 30

percent of the employment opportunities are reserved for

women under the program.

CHAPTER -4

(Financial and Physical Performance)

The key indicators to assess the financial performances

of SGRY-II (JGSY) scheme during 2001-2002 to 2003-

2004 are,

allocation of resources against the commitment

made,

actual release, and

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utilization against the available funds, the

physical and financial performance is given in the

subsection bellow.

Table-1 (4)

Funds allocated, released, available and utilize under SGRY-II (JGSY)

for 2001-2002, 2002-2003 & 2003-2004

Stream Allocation

Rupees in Lac

Actual Release

Rest. In Lac

Available

Including

OB and

Misc

Receipts

Utilization % of

Utilization

of Col. 4

1 2 3 4 5 6

Central State Central

Release

of Col.

2a

State

Release

of Col.

2b

1 2a 2b 3a 3b 4 5 6

Year 2001-2002 as on 11-07-202

SGRY-

II

(JGSY)

187060 62241.17 189210.7 62976.37 286788.93 217122.4 75.71

Year 2002-2003

SGRY-

II

(JGSY)

177378 59021.72 183709.9 58551.09 308221.18 245203.3 79.55

Year 2003-2004

SGRY-

II

(JGSY)

206030 68555.5 205947.5 48130.14 320293.36 205446.4 64.14

**Source: Annual Report of MORD (GOI) year 2002-03 and 2003-2004

Table-2 (4)

Food grains allocated / authorized, lifted and distributed under SGRY-II

(JGSY) for 2001-2002, 2002-2003 & 2003-2004 Man days generated and

no. of works complete

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Stream Allocation

Tones

Authorization lifted

Tones

Distributed

Tones

Man days

generated

No. of

work

camps

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Year 2001-2002 as on 11-07-202

SGRY-

II

(JGSY)

1756350 --- --- --- 2624240 936261

Year 2002-2003

SGRY-

II

(JGSY)

2250000 2899320 2512530 1850360 3671450 1001631

Year 2003-2004

SGRY-

II

(JGSY)

2250000 2917080 1931270 1691510 3233170 614997

**Source: Annual Report of MORD (GOI) year 2002-03 and 2003-2004

The data regarding resources allocated, actually released

by the central and state governments, utilization against

the available funds during the years 2001-2002 to 2003-

2004 is given in the Table 1 of chapter-3 the analysis of

the data indicates that only 75.71 percent of the fund is

utilized during 2001-2002, 79.55 percent of the fund is utilized

during 2002-2003, 64.14 percent of the fund is utilized during

2003-2004 which shows that the balance amount is

surrendered to the central government. Moreover the data

relating to the actual creation of Man-days is not reliable

as the further field investigation shed some light that

what ever the work is done is mechanized and the muster

rolls are fudged and actual employment is negligible.

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CHAPTER -5

(Introduction of Kanti Block)

Kanti is a community development block under

Muzaffarpur District and was established in 1952. The

then Prime Minister Sri Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru has come up

with the idea of mini secretariat which is called

Community Development Block. All the departments

should have their one representative in that office.

Kanti block is 10 kms from the district HQ. The area of

the block is 17602.7 hectare

Table -1 (5)

The total population of Kanti block is 213223 out of

which 112365 male and 100858 is female as per census

Male Female Total

Rural 101284 91068 192352

Urban 11081 9720 20801

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

Nu

mb

er

of

peo

ple

Sex

Sex Wise Population of Kanti Block

Rural

Urban

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of 2001. The above graph shows the difference in the sex

ratio of Kanti block.

Table – 2 (Chapter-5)

The total schedule cast population of Kanti block is

36007out of which 18914 male and 17093 are female as

per census of 2001. The above graph shows the

difference in the sex ratio of SC population the female is

clearly seen here. This shows the miserable condition of

Kanti block.

Kanti block has two police stations first Kanti and second

Panapur. It has 21 Gram Panchayat (GP) and 176 revenue

village.

Kanti linked by NH road and railway line communication

to the block HQ is very easy from Muzaffarpur. It has 143

0 10000 20000 30000 40000

Male

Female

Total

Male Female Total

Urban 16734 15097 31831

Rural 2180 1996 4176

Urban Rural

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schools including 112 primary, 23 middle, and 8 high

schools.

The main crops of the area are wheat, maize, paddy,

sugarcane, etc. the area is semi irrigated and the means

of irrigation are well, river, tube wells, and others.

The block has a line department to run the administrative

and developmental work smoothly, they are

I) Block Development officer ii) Circle Officer

iii) Block Education officer iv) Block AH officer

v) Block Cooperative officer vi) Block welfare

officer

vii) Medical officer In-charge viii) Junior Engineer

ix) Block panchayat supervisor x) Block cooperative

supervisor

xi) Panchayat secretary xii) Nazir

xiii) Other staffs

These are involved in the developmental program. Apart

from this the block has Police station that has Officer In-

charge (Inspector) is there with the team.

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CHAPTER -6 (Study of JGSY in Mustafapur Panchayat In Kanti Block)

1. Introduction of Mustafapur Panchayat

Mustafapur panchayat is 35 kms from the block HQ and

it is 12 kms from NH 77. In north it touches Meenapur

Block, south Ramnath Damauli Panchayat in east

Dadarkoluha Panchayat and in west Ramnath Damauli

panchayat. The area gets flooded every year. The

panchayat is on the bank of the Burhi Gandak river which

causes flood every year.

The population of the panchayat is 8674 as per the

census of 2001. There are three villages Mustfapur,

Salempur and Bagahi under the panchayat. There are two

weekly haats in the Panchayat Ramlila Bazar and

Durgaasthan. This is the main source of marketing in the

block.

2. Socio-economic condition of the Panchayat

The Mustafapur Panchayat is very backward and is

flooded the population of the area is in 30:70 ratio of SC

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and others. The main source of income is agriculture,

which is depended on the nature.

The main crops are vegetables, paddy, sugarcane, etc.

most of the labour force migrates to other places in

search of job.

Mr. Shivjee Rai (Mukhiya) and Mr. Suchit Rai comes from

OBC category. The area is dominated by yadav caste. The

Panchayat has 13 wards and no SC person is ward

member on unreserved seat. The area was submerged

last year flood, this year flood hit the area three times in

a row and left the community hand to mouth. The

Panchayat is having only one Primary school in its area.

The children’s enrollment shows 306 but only 60 to 70

children came to the school. This shows poor condition

in the field of education. The panchayat is very far flung

and is border of the Kanti CD Block. It takes 2 hours to

reach the panchayat by two-wheeler.

3. Information JGSY (SGRY-II)

JGSY (SGRY-II) is being implemented in the Gram

Panchayat, locally in the block of Panchayat it is also

known as Stream –II or 50% scheme. This scheme goes

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directly to the Panchayat from District Rural Development

Authority.

The projects were identified taking in to consideration of

provisions of the scheme in Aam Sabha (Gram Sabha) by

the panchayat secretary. The Annual work plan is sent to

District Development Commisnor (DDC). The Junior

Engineer and Asst. Engineer do the technical estimates of

the scheme. If the scheme is above 1 lac it should go

through block approval. The scheme above one lac will

go to Ex. Engineer for the technical approval.

4. Allocation to the Panchayat Mustafapur

During last financial i.e. 2004-2005 total support to the

Panchayat was Rest. 527183 out of this amount rupees

517398.8 was spent Rest. 9784 was left unspent. The

Panchayat was allocated Rupees 384459 in cash and

22763 kg rice @ 6.27 rupees per kg which Makes 142724

rupees.

5. Scheme Selected / Implemented In Gram Sabaha

During last financial i.e. 2004-2005 total scheme

selected in Mustafapur Panchayat by Gram Sabha is 7 and

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three schemes were pending from last year. Out of these

total 10 schemes 8 were finally completed and 2 are

pending which will be taken up in currunt year. Some

schemes are 1) shed in Harijan tola, 2) Brick Road

Shoaling, 3) ground filling in School, 4) Road in Pokhri

Tola, 5) RCC pulia (Bridge) in Mustafapur. Total approx

300000 man-days employment generated in the 2004-

05.

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CHAPTER -7 Introduction of respondents

In this chapter I have mentioned the introduction of

respondents from Mustafapur panchayat. I contacted 53

persons and asked them about the program. It was a

random sampling with taking in to consideration the

good samples comes to me for analysis. It further shows

the age, sex, type of family, occupation, size of family,

Income, etc. The responses were clearly analyzed and the

findings are given here in the table.

Table-1 (7)

The Table-1 (7) shows the age group of the respondents

it is mentioned here that 15 percent of the respondents

are from the age group of 18 to 24, 34 percent of the

respondents are from the age group of 24 to 30, 36

percent of the respondents are from the age group of 30

18 to 2415%

24 to 3034%

30 to 3636%

36 & above15%

Age oF THE RESPONDANTS

18 to 24

24 to 30

30 to 36

36 & above

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to 36, 15 percent of the respondents are from the age

group of 36 and Above. This express that different age

group has got the chance in the interview.

Table-2 (7)

The table Table-2 (7) shows that the educational

qualification of the people are not good, here it is clear

to mentioned that the primary column which has the

figure 37.7 has also the got the respondents who have

not seen the school but illiterate.

It is worth to mentioned that only 7.5 percent of the

respondents were graduate and only 13.2 percent have

Primary

Middle HighMatriculation

Graduate

Frequency 20 10 12 7 4

Percent 37.7 18.9 22.6 13.2 7.5

05

10152025303540

Perc

en

t o

f re

sp

on

dan

ts

Educational status of Respondants

Frequency

Percent

of 52



passed 10th i.e. Matriculation and rest have completed

primary or middle schooling.

Table –3 (7)

The table Table-3 (7) shows that the caste social

stratification of the people. It is worthwhile mentioned

that the 30.2 percent of the respondents belongs to the

schedule caste. Here we got some Muslim persons also

we have put them in others figure i.e. 9.4 percent.

In a look we can see that the social structure of the

Panchayat is evenly divided in to SC, OBC and General

castes. But the OBC plays a lead role in the politics.

SCOBC

General

Others

Frequency 16 17 15 5

Percent 30.2 32.1 28.3 9.4

05

101520253035

Nu

mb

er

of

Re

sp

on

da

nts

Caste

Caste of the Respondants

Frequency

Percent

of 52



Table-4 (7)

This table shows that 64 percent of the respondents are

male and 36 percent are female. I tried to get the

gender sensitive feedback from the community of

Mustafapur Panchayat.

It is also needed to mentioned that the female stills live

in Pardha (Curtain) and remained in house during my

interview regarding JGSY but I tried to talk to them I

Male64%

Female36%

Sex of the Respondants

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houses to manage the gender balance in the

respondents.

Table-5 (7)

By the occupation the respondents were divided into five

groups i.e. service, self employed, agriculture, wage

labour and others. Here in the Table-5 (7) thirty six

percent of the respondents are wage labourors, which

means they do not have any alternative source of income.

The second to the wage employment, agriculture

provides employment to the rural people in Mustafapur

49

12

19

97.5

17

22.6

35.8

17

05

10152025303540

Occupation of Respondants

Frequency

Percent

of 52



panchayat. Self employment also plays a vital role in rural

area 17 percent of the respondents were engaged in the

same.

Table-6 (7)

Table-7 (7)

Through this table we can say that the trend of nuclear

family is gaining pace in the rural area as here in table-6

(7) 56.6 percent of family in the respondents were from

Nuclear family and 43.4 percent of the respondents were

Frequency Percent

Joint 23 43.4

Nuclear 30 56.6

0102030405060

Type of Family

Joint

Nuclear

0-36%

4 to 645%

7 to 926%

9 to 1121%

Above 112%

Number of members per family

0-3

4 to 6

7 to 9

9 to 11

Above 11

of 52



from joint family. But the average size of family is big and

size is 50 percent.

Table –8 (7)

Table-7 (7) shows that most of the families were having

monthly income in the range of 2000 to 6000 approx 35

percent of the people were having their income in the said

range. But as from the above table we can analyze that

the income is not sufficient for the big families.

1000-2000 2000-4000 4000-60006000 &above

Frequency 10 17 17 9

Percent 18.9 32.1 32.1 17

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Nu

mb

er

pf

Re

s.

Rupees

Monthly Income of the Respondants

Frequency

Percent

of 52



This situation makes the population vulnerable to the

hazards and the coping capacity of the family having low

income is very less. The main expenditure of their income

goes to survival.

CHAPTER – 8 Responses of villagers on the Scheme (Tables)

Here in this chapter I am expressing the opinion of the

villagers on the scheme and their participation I the same.

By this chapter I would like to study the feasibility of

Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojna in the Mustafapur

panchayat under Kanti Block.

Table-1 (8)

Table-1 (8) shows the responses of the villagers. 77

percent of the respondents say that they do have some

or more idea and information of the scheme. Here I would

77%

23%

Information about the Scheme

yes

No

of 52



like to quote that the respondents were more familiar

with Sampoorn Gramin Rojgar Yojna (SGRY) or Stream-II

as the board of the information was having the name of

the scheme on it.

Table-2 (8)

This table shows that the person informed about the

scheme have received the information from panchayat

meetings and by the panchayat secretary.

The table-2 (8) shows 64.2 percent were got the

information from the panchayat sources communication

channel is not strong in the community.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Community Panchyat Other Beneficiaries CommunicationChannel

NA

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Source

Source of Information

of 52



Table-3 (8)

Table-3 (8) shows that the people informed about the

scheme had participated in the selection of the scheme

in the gram sabha.

Participation of the respondents in the Gram sabha is

about 50: 50 but the situation is different. Most of the

respondents who were having their participation in the

gram sabha were from OBC category. Which shows the

participation of schedule cast population is deprived of

the selection and planning process.

Frequency Percent

yes 27 50.9

No 26 49.1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

No

. o

f re

sp

on

da

nts

Participation in Selection of Scheme

yes

No

of 52



Table-4 (8)

Activities undertake in the scheme in Year 2004-2005

Item Frequency Percent

Community hall 11 20.8

Road 29 54.7

Harigan Shade 6 11.3

Land filling 3 5.7

Hand Pumps 2 3.8

Any others 1 1.9

Not aware 1 1.9

Total 53 100

The above table clearly shows that in Mustafapur

Panchayat Road is a visible thing on which 54.7 percent

of the respondents have seen or informed that the road

is made under the scheme SGRY (JGSY).

Here the RCC bridge (pulia) is categorized and approx 2

percent people were having information of the same as

made under the scheme.

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Table-5 (8)

Table-5 (8) shows that nearly 68 percent people feel that

the scheme has benefited the community. Which shows a

potential to have community participation in the scheme.

And only 4 percent see it not benefiting the community.

This is because of reluctant behaviour and the practical

problem in the community.

68%

28%

4%

Benefit of the community by the scheme

Fully benefited

Partially benefited

Not benefited

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Table-6 (8)

The Table-6 (8) shows that only 12 percent people have

got employment under the scheme. The N A column

shows that the more than 70 percent who replied that

they did not get engaged in the scheme.

By this table we can also see that no body has got 100

man days employment in the SGRY. So the graph left the

column.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0-20 20-40 40 -60 60-80 NA

No

of

pe

rso

n

Number of Days

Man Days Employment Rqecieved

Percent

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Table-7 (8)

Table-7 (8) clearly shows the dissatisfaction among the

people regarding wage satisfaction. Only 11.3 percent

people feel that the wage is satisfactory for him and they

are fully satisfied by the same.

Most of the people are dissatisfied by the wage provided

by the panchayat under the scheme. Nearly 88 % not

satisfied by the wage payment either by the quality of

food grain or by the way of payment.

Fullysatisfied

Partiallysatisfied

Notsatisfied

Frequency 6 29 18

Percent 11.3 54.7 34

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Nu

mb

er

of

pe

op

le

Wage satisfaction under the scheme

Frequency

Percent

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Table-7 (8)

Positive Impact on Community

Options Frequency Percent

Road

Improvement 7 13.2

Employment

opportunity 8 15.1

Participation in

Gram Sabha 4 7.5

None of these 34 64.2

Total 53 100

The table –7(8) shows that the impact analyzed by the

community people. It shows only 15 percent of the

people see employment opportunity.

But due to reluctant behaviour of the community nearly

64.2 percent of the community people see other or do

not see any impact in the community.

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Table-8 (8)

The table –8 (8) shows that the impact analyzed by the

community people. It shows that nearly 60 percent

people see it good for the community development.

But it contradicts the above table. This may happen due

understanding and IQ level of the resonant.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Fully supportive Partiallysupportive

Not supportive

Supportive in development of village

Frequency

Percent

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Table-9 (8)

The table –9 (8) shows that the facilities provided at the

workplace is negligible. Here approx 12 percent people

see it adequate but the partially and not benefited

number is quite high.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Adequate Partiallybenefited

Not facility

Facilities at Workshop/ workplace

Frequency

Percent

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Table-10 (8)

The table 10 (8) shows that male female wise supportive

in community.

Male who works outside and see the external

environment clearly but women hardly get the

opportunity to think rationally in the rural area.

0

5

10

15

20

25

Fully supportive Partiallysupportive

Not supportive

Sex wise information on supportive issue

Male

Female

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Table-11 (8)

The above table shows Gender wise source of

information about the scheme. Here we can see that the

panchayat plays vital role in the information

dissemination at the lower level.

Only female respondents got the information from the

community.

0

5

10

15

20

25

community Panchyat Other BenifaceriesCommunication Channel NA

No

. o

f R

es

po

nd

en

t

Source of Information

Gender wise access of the information

male

Female

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Table-12 (8)

The table 12 (8) shows that male feels more that the

scheme is more supportive in the development of the

village.

0

5

10

15

20

25

Fully supportive Partially supportive Not supportive

Nu

mb

er

of

Resp

on

dan

ts

Level of Support

Opinion of the respondants towards scheme

male

Female

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CHAPTER – 9 (Major constrains of the scheme)

1. Operational Difficulties

Despite the claims of MORD and favorable opinion expressed by

beneficiaries about the scheme’s usefulness and quality and utilization of

the assets created under the programmed (concurrent evaluation

Report-2004 of SGRY), the programmed could not fulfill its avowed

objectives and financial and physical performance of the program

suffered due to operational difficulties, which is evident from the huge

unspent balance lying with the states in the form of food grain and cash.

(See Table 1 & 2 of Chapter – 4).

The program became the victim of apathy of state governments. The

state’s “delivery mechanism” failed miserably in the lifting and

distribution of food grains among workers. Huge unspent money was

lying at the end of the year with the DRDAs. The actual distribution of

food grain among poor can be judge from scams where the SGRY food

grain meant for distribution found in way to Bangladesh.

The state government made inadequate efforts for awareness generation

among the people in the villages. The concurrent evaluation report

indicates that average employment per beneficiary during the year 2002-

2003 was 28 so as in the case of Mutafapur Panchayat. Most of the

people got 0-40 days employment under the scheme. There is acute

shortage of staff at panchayat level here in Mustafapur the person

looking after the post of Panchayat secretary is a VLW. The capacity of

the available staffs is not appropriate.

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Illiteracy among the elected representatives and the community people

is also causing hindrance in the effectiveness of the program.

District level monitoring was found almost absent in the field. The

officials are involved in excessive paper work. The wage rate fixed by

the government is less than the prevalent rate of market. And hence

labour showed reluctant to the work under the programme

2. Conceptual Weakness

The programme was conceived without looking into ground realities. In

a country of India’s size with socio-economic-cultural-topography

diversities, the guidelines were made universally applicable through out

the country. Besides the program was based on hypothesis ideas like,

Conceptually, the distribution of food grains as part of wages based on

principle of protecting the real wage besides improving the nutritional

standards of the rural poor may sound attractive but actual practice, this

part of the program is grossly misutilised.

Conceptually, preparing and approval of annual action plan

independently by the GPs and ZPs before beginning of each year may

look ideal and sound. But in actual practice influential locals did the

selection of works. The provision of appointing one person from among

the beneficiaries group as animator / leader / facilitator to facilitate the

maintenance of muster rolls, payment of wage, monitoring of works may

sound innovative but in practice at very few places, it is in practice.

Despite ban most of the works are executed through dummy

contractors and there are blatant violation guidelines in use of machines

in executions of works. Constitution of one monitoring committee,

comprising of five to nine local members of diverse background, for

every work sanctioned, may look theoretically very sound but in practice,

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formation of such committees never took place. Even the officials are

not aware of provision of such committees. Details of completed work

is not publicized or placed before the Gram Sabha, to ensure

transparency and accountability and social control of the works.

Providing of 30 percent employment opportunities to women is

conceptually correct but not happening practically due to socio-cultural

barriers. Hence the coverage of women was also bellow the targets.

CHAPTER – 10 (Suggestions and Conclusion)

Based on my findings of the study following are the

suggestions and conclusions for betterment of the scheme.

So the scheme can benefit the rural people the suggestions

are based on the assumptions and findings of the

analysis of the data of Mustafpur.

1. Suggestions

To achieve the desired results, a massive awareness

generation campaign should be launched in rural

area.

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The training and non training needs of DRDAs, PRIs,

and implementing agencies should be analyzed and

identified and they should be trained.

A strict monitoring system should be developed to

ensure the proper measurement of work and

payment of weekly wage.

While lifting food grains from FCI, the fair average

quality should be ensured.

Storage facilities should be created at Panchayat

level. For proper storage of food grains.

The wage should be higher than the prevalent rate

in the local market.

The states should release their share of funds timely

and also ensure full and proper utilization.

The food grains component of the programme

should be optional and according to the need people

in the area.

The person at the helm of affairs should be held

accountable for low performance.

At district level a strategy should be developed for

involvement of technically qualified local youths for

technical support to the Panchayats.

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The guidelines should be modified in view of ground

realities.

2. Conclusion

A lot of water has gone down the Ganges since the

inception of the scheme. Changing the name of the

scheme is like giving old wine in new bottle. The

programme has succeed to some extent in providing

succor to the rural poor, particularly SCs/STs. Large

number of community useful assets like road, community

hall, etc. but there is sufficient evidence to show that the

program is not doing well in the people.

The states are not serious in realizing the funds

authorized food grains are not lifted, if lifted not

distributed among the workers. Huge cash balance is

lying unutilized despite all the efforts, there is “silver

lining in the dark clouds” and that is the Panchayati Raj

institutions (PRIs). With a view to strengthen the PRIs the

UPA govt. has created a separate ministry of Panchayati

Raj at the central level. The PRIs need to be strengthened

through training programme and providing them with the

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functionaries and their control. Adequate staffs should be

given to panchayat for the scheme who can help the

panchayat in developing the annual plans. The scheme if

selected in Gram Sabha will have more transparency and

accountability.

The self help groups (SHGs) of the poor women at the

village level also a hope for the programme, if associated

in the implementation.

report on jgsy-ii abhishek singh 2001-2003

Documents

patna university patna

rural management development

kanti block muzaffarpur

abhishek singh roll

mustafapur kanti

block development officer

gram sabaha chapter

jawahagar gram samridhi