report of an immunisation coverage survey in tamil

8/3/2019 Report of an Immunisation Coverage Survey in Tamil

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Immunizations are the single most cost-

effective public health intervention.

Universal childhood immunization has beenaccepted by world public health leaders as

both an affordable and cost effective strategy

not only for child survival but also for

promoting primary health care.


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In India, the UIP was launched in 1985-86 to

extend immunization coverage among the

eligible children and to improve the quality of

services. The target now is to achieve 100 per

cent immunization coverage.


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Immunization coverage in Tamil Nadu

according to DLHS 3(2007-2008)

Fully immunized 83.2%

BCG 99.6%

MEASLES 97.6%

DPT3 88.9%


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Though this is the picture on paper there are

many differences in the field reality in Tamil

Nadu.

A major change happened when

immunizations were moved from the village

sub center level to the primary health centre

following the untoward incident of death of

two children following measles vaccination.


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The civil society in Tamil Nadu was

increasingly concerned about this and also felt

a need to evaluate the true immunization

scenario in the state at the field level. This

study was conducted by a non-governmental

organization in association with its network

partners


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The objectives of the current study were to

evaluate the immunization coverage of

children in Tamil Nadu state and to make

recommendations regarding strengthening of

immunization services based on the study

findings


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Field workers received training on the

sampling procedure and information

collection. Information regarding the receipt

of BCG vaccine, three doses of OPV and DPT

and one dose of measles vaccine were

collected from the mothers of the selected

children.


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Among a total of 4096 children, data was

incomplete for 589 children(14.4%). These

children were not included in the primary

analysis.


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NAME OF

DISTRICT

No. of children

aged 6-11

Months

No. of children

aged 12-17

months

Total

Dindikkal 210 190 400

Kanyakumari 113 110 223

Kovai thiruppur 199 206 405

Krishnagiri 170 162 332

Nammakkal 143 115 258

Nilagiri 157 172 329

Perambalore 207 198 405

Theni 213 199 412

Dharmapuri 49 57 106

Thiruchi 109 119 228

Vellore 209 199 408

Total 1780 1727 3507


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Sex 6-11months old 12-17months old Total

Male 849(50.1%) 791(51.8%) 1640(50.9%)

Female 891(47.7%) 894(45.8%) 1786(46.8%)

Data missing 40(2.4%) 41(2.4%) 81(2.3%)

Total 1780 1727 3507


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Vaccine 6-11 months 12-17 months Total coverage

BCG 1775(99.7%) 1721(99.7%) 3496(99.7%)

DPT 1 1767(99.3%) 1719(99.5%) 3486(99.4%)

DPT 2 1751(98.4%) 1689(98.3%) 3449(98.3%)

DPT 3 1678(94.3%) 1642(95.1%) 3320(94.7%)

POLIO 1729(97.1%) 1683(97.5%) 3412(97.3%)MEASLES - 1505(87.1%)


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Proportion of children immunised

from Private

BCG 7.4%

OPV 5.1%

DPT 1 5.9%

DPT 2 6.06%

DPT 3 6.29%

Measles 5.59%


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NAME OF DISTRICT Proportion of children immunised from

private

Dindikkal 4.72%

Kanyakumari 29.2%

Kovai thiruppur 2.31%

Krishnagiri 2.19%

Nammakkal 1.4%

Nilagiri 3.79%

Perambalore 5.59%

Theni 1.46%

Dharmapuri

Thiruchi 5.14%

Vellore 11.95%

Total 5.59%


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Mean(Rs) Confidence interval Median(Rs)

Travel 31.9 26.2-37.6 7

Food 18.58 16.5-20.6 0

Wages lost 56.92 53.6-60.2 0

others 60.6 2.12-119.06 0

total 168.01 108.68-227.45 58


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MEAN AMOUNT

SPENT(IN Rs)

CONFIDENCE

INTERVAL

MEDIANAMOUNT

DHARMAPURI 52.2 47.3-57.2 55

DHINDIKAL 385.9 245.3-526.4 425

KANIYAKUMARI 179.5 138.8-220.2 30

KOVAI 223.6 211.5-235.6 211

KRISHNAGIRI 76 65.9-86.0 60

NAMAKKAL 184.9 176.7-193.1 170

NILAGIRI 191.2 172.6-211.2 220

PERAMBALORE 67.3 48.4-86.1 7

THENI 2.99 2.47-3.4 0

THIRUCHI 708.6 39-1377.5 55

VELLORE 162.8 143.3-182.3 120


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The total BCG immunization coverage accordingto the current study is 99.70%.

The coverage in Tamil Nadu according to the

NFHS 3 is 99.5% while according to DLHS 3 thecoverage is 99.6%.

BCG mark was not present among 1.9% ofchildren among 6-11 months and 3.1% of

children among 12-17 months.

92.4% has reported to have got BCG fromGovernment facilities.


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Overall DPT 1, DPT 2 and DPT 3 coverage is

99.40%, 98.30% and 94,7% respectively.

DPT 3 coverage in NFHS 3 is 95.7% whileaccording to DLHS 3 is only 88.9%


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97.3% of children have received 3 doses of

OPV.

The coverage of measles vaccine amongchildren 12 -17 months in this survey is

87.1%which appears to be much lower than

Measles vaccine coverage of Tamil Nadu

according to NFHS 3(12-23months) which is

92.5% and DLHS 3 which is 97.6%.


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District BCG DPT1 DPT2 DPT3 MEASLES

Dindikkal 100% 100% 100% 97.9% 87.7%

Kanyakumar

i

99.1% 98.2% 97.3% 93.6% 78.2%

Kovai

thiruppur

99.5% 99% 98.1% 95.6% 74.3%

Krishnagiri 100% 100% 98.1% 93.2% 83.3%

Nammakkal 100% 100% 98.3% 94.8% 93.9%

Nilagiri 99.4% 100% 99.4% 98.8% 93.6%

Perambalore 99.5% 100% 99.5% 92.9% 86.4%Theni 100% 100% 100% 100% 99%

Dharmapuri 100% 100% 98.2% 98.2% 87.7%

Thiruchi 100% 98% 96.6% 94.1% 79.8%

Vellore 99% 99.5% 98.3% 87.9% 83.9%


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67.2% of mothers want their children to beimmunized at the village itself, while others saidthat they want their children to be immunized inPHCs.

Even though around 5% are getting immunizedfrom private sector, only 0.6% of them want toget immunized from there.

It appears that they are forced to get immunized

from private sector for various reasons.Qualitative analysis of this issue is needed beforecommenting more.


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The immunization coverage of Tamil Nadu

obtained from this survey is almost similar to

the results obtained from other surveys like

NFHS3 and DLHS3 except for low

immunization coverage for measles vaccine.

Actions are needed for improving DPT3 and

measles vaccine coverage in the state.


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Certain low performing districts needs focused

activities.

Around 5% of the families depend on theprivate sector for immunizing children.

Two out of three mothers wish to immunize

their children in the village level itself.

The indirect amount they spent for

immunizing children is not at all ignorable

report of an immunisation coverage survey in tamil

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