report 2 small countries are economically viable
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Small countries are economically viable
November, 2011
2
The number of states has experienced a great increase in the last 60 years
Evolution of the number of states
1945 2011
74
196
x 2,6
Source: “Trade, Growth and the Size of Countries”, Alberto Alesina, Enrico Spolaore, Romain Wacziarg
3
The increase of the international trading is leading to the birth of new economically viable contries
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Number of states (Without Africa subsahariana)
Evolution of the number of countries and the internationalisation rate of the econonomy
Source : “Trade, Growth and the Size of Countries”, Alberto Alesina, Enrico Spolaore, Romain Wacziarg
Internationasl trading VS GBD
(average of 61 countries)
Number of states
Internationasl trading VS GBD
4
The Global Competitiveness Report, from the World Economic Forum rates the countries depending on its competitiveness.
Source: “The Global Competitiveness Report 2011–2012”, Professor Xavier Sala-i-Martin, Columbia University, Chief Advisor of the Centre for Global Competitiveness and Performance. World Economic Forum. Geneva, Switzerland 2011
Basic requirements
Efficency factors
Innovation factors
Institutions Infrastructures Macroeconomic environment Health and Education
Education and Master Efficiency of the market goods Labor market efficiency Development of the financial market Technological situation Size of the marketing
Sophistication of the business Innovation
Twelve pillars of competitiveness
5
According to the mentioned report, 8 out of 20 Countries with greater competitiveness are European small counties
Source : “The Global Competitiveness Report 2011–2012”, Professor Xavier Sala-i-Martin, Columbia University, Chief Advisor of the Centre for Global Competitiveness and Performance. World Economic Forum. Geneva, Switzerland 2011
Switzerland
Singapore
Sweden
Finland
USA
Germany
Holland
Danmark
Japan
UK
Hong Kong
Canada
Taiwan
Qatar
Belgium
Norway
Saudi Arabia
France
Austria
Australia
5.74
5.63
5.61
5.47
5.43
5.41
5.41
5.40
5.40
5.39
5.36
5.33
5.26
5.24
5.20
5.18
5.17
5.14
5.14
5.11
Ranking of the Global Competitiveness Index 2011-2012
The ranking shows that small countries are at least as efficient as the big ones
6
The IMD istitute publishes another Ranking where also 8 out of 20 states with great competitiviness are Small European States
Source: “The World Competitiveness Scoreboard 2011”, Lausanne’s Institute for Management Development (IMD)
Hong Kong
USA
Singapore
Sweden
Switzerland
Taiwan
Canada
Qatar
Australia
Germany
Luxemburg
Denmark
Norway
Netherlands
Finland
Malaysia
Israel
Austria
China
UK
100.0
100.0
98.6
94.1
92.6
92.0
90.8
90.2
89.3
87.8
86.5
86.4
86.3
85.7
84.4
84.1
81.6
81.6
81.1
80.3
Ranking of the World Competitiveness Scoreboard 2011
7
In 2011, the IMD institute has released a new ranking with the states that are in a better position to overtake the crisis
Denmark is the first one.
Followed by small nations such: Qatar, Norway , Hong Kong, Switzerland i Sweden
Big States have a worse position in that Ranking:
USA: 28th position China: 18th position Brasil: 22nd position Germany: 24th position Japan: 26th position South Corea: 29th position
Big states from the Southern Europe drop dramatically in the ranking France: 44th Italy: 47th Spain: 50th
Source: “The World Competitiveness Scoreboard 2011”, Lausanne’s Institute for Management Development (IMD)
According Prof. Stephane Garelli, head of studies at the IMD: Small economies are better prepared to thrive and survive during a crisis ...and manage a more secure financial policy
8
Irland
Lithuania
Latvia
Croatia
Bosnia
Eslovàquia
Estonia
Denmark
Netherlands
Switzerland
Moldavia
Catalonia
Belgium
Albania
Macedònia
Slovenia
Montenegro
Cyprus
70
65
65
57
51
49
45
43
42
41
34
32
31
29
26
20
14
9
Catalonia is geographically as big as the some of the most competitive European states
European countries with similar dimensions of Catalonia (surface on Thousands of km2)
Source: Wikipedia, 2011
In terms of surface, Catalonia is similar to Denmark, Netherlands, Switzerland or Belgium
9
Germany
UK
France
Italy
Spain (including Catalonia)
Poland
Romania
Netherlands
Greece
Portugal
Belgium
Czech Republic
Hungary
Sweden
Austria
Bulgaria
Switzerland
Serbia
Catalonia
Denmark
Slovakia
Finland
Norway
Croatia
Moldavia
Irland
Bosnia
Lithuania
Albania
Latvia
Macedonia
Slovenia
Estonia
83.361.1
59.858.8
45.138.6
21.716.3
10.610.410.310.310.1
9.18.27.67.57.57.2
5.65.45.2
4.54.44.44.23.83.63.6
2.42.11.91.4
Catalonia has a similar population to the some of the most competitive European states
Population of the European States(milions of inhabitants)
Note: Including countries with a population greater than 1 Milion people Source: Wikipedia, 2011
Catalonia has a population similar to Sweden and Switzerland and greater than Denmark, Finland and Norway.
10
Increase of the GBD per capita; Founders of the EU
The smallest European countries have experienced a greater growth compared with the big ones (1/2)
Source: Adam Price (Harvard University)
1979 - 1991
2.0%
1.7%
The 3 smallest countries founders
of the EU
The 3 bigest countries founders
of the EU
1992 - 1998 1999 - 2007
2.3%
1.3%
2.6%
1.6%
11
The smallest European countries have experienced a greater growth compared with the big ones (2/2)
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 20070%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
European Countries. Growth of the GBD
States with population between 4,6 and 10,5 million
people
States with a population greater
than 38 milion people
Source: Eurostat
The small states have experienced a greater grow between 2002-2007
12
EU members recently independent had grown more than twice that the medium value of EU
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 20060%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
Growth of the GBD Creixement del PIB
European Countries recently independent
(Czech, Slovakia, Croatia, Latvia, Slovenia, Estonia)
European Union Average
Source: Eurostat
13
The smallest countries of the European Union are the ones with greater growth; They are overtaking the crises with a better shape
Source: El Punt-Avui, 19/09/11
0 20 40 60 800.0%
1.0%
2.0%
3.0%
4.0%
Population (milions of inhabitants)
Growth of the GBD during 2nd
quarter 2011
Growth of the European GBD VS Population. 2nd quarter of 2011
GermanyFrance
Spain Italy
Lithuania
Latvia
Estonia
Irland Finland
Austria
Sweden
Belgium
Slovakia
UK
The smallest countries have experienced a growth greter than the 0,7%
The biggest countries have experienced a growth below teh 0,3%
14
Summary
being‘SMALL’ Will continue being a plus regarding the wealth for the Nations
continuarà essent un plus en matèria de riquesa per a les Nacions
Jim Mather, ex Minister for Enterprise, Energy and Tourism and until the 2011 election, Member of the Scottish Parliament.
Barcelona 21Setembre2011
Empresaris per l’Estat propi
www.ccncat.cat [email protected]
Només amb un Estat propi Catalunya serà econòmicament viable