replaced to another family
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(1st notes Formative)
Name: Annabeth Choi Block 9G
Topic: Life of Michelangelo Buonarroti Date 2016/8/27
Type of Source: biography Source: Biography.com editors (written by) "Michelangelo Biography." Bio.com . A&E Networks Television, 12 Feb. 2016. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. http://www.biography.com/people/michelangelo9407628
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Concise Facts Early life Early success (sculptures) Art & Architecture
Painter, Architect, Sculptor, poet Mar. 6, 1475 Feb. 18, 1564 Caprese, Italy (born) ‘ Father and master of all arts’
Family
Father: Leonardo Simoni, gov. Officer Mother: Francesca Nari, died early > Replaced to another family
Interest : schooling/financial business < art Florentine painter’s workshop (apprentice) Classical sculpture at Medici family (Lorenzo the great) garden, study
of corpses
After Lorenzo’s death > Study in Bologna 1495 Sculptor in Florence “ Cupid” sculpture artificially aged Cardinal Riario invites Michelangelo to Rome (work and live) Pieta: Mary holding dead Jesus (sculpture), single marble made David: Made of abandoned statue marble, nakedness, humanity of
expression Symbol of city of Florence
Ceiling of Sistine Chapel (alone) ~ Oct 31, 1512 Ex. of Renaissance art + Christian attributes
‘ Creation of Adam’ God touching finger of man ‘Last Judgement’: fresco work
Tomb of Julius II Medici chapel & Laurentian library
Personal Life Afterlife
Brilliant talent > Wealthy and powerful Quick temper, strived for perfection > fractious relationship, distress,
discomforts. Devotion for Colonna
300 poems and sonnets Devotion for Tommaso de' Cavalieri (after Colonna’s death)
Homosexual/paternal relationship
Died on Feb. 18, 1564 (88 age) At rome > Basilica di Santa Croce, Florence (burial)
Received fame during lifetime
Short Summary: Michelangelo is known as the most famous artist during the Renaissance times. He was born on March 6th, 1475 in Caprese, Italy. Though he was born from a family with moderate banking business, he showed affection for art and grew his skills by being an apprentice to a painter. He began his true career when he studied the gardens and sculptures of the great Medici family. Some of his great works include the ‘pieta’ and ‘david’ as well as the ceiling of Sistine Chapel which he drew alone painfully, for several months. While he was wealthy and powerful due to his brilliant talent, he had a quick temper which made him distressful, alone, and always dissatisfied with his work. Unlike other artist, Michelangelo received fame during his lifetime and even had 2 biographies about him while he was alive.
Name: Annabeth Choi Block 9G
Topic: Life of Michelangelo Date 2016/9/6
Type of Source: Book (biography) Source: Cagno, Gabriella Di, Simone Boni, and L. R. Galante. Michelangelo . Minneapolis: Oliver., 2008. Print
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Intro;
Peers: Sculpture
Apollo: Drawings Portrait of Andrea Quaratesi
Paintings
Surpass in painting, sculpture and architecture Single handed tasks Served Lorenzo & Pope Julius II
Bertoldo Di Giovanni : Sculpture school owner (Michelangelo attended) Lorenzo the Magnificent: Head of Medici fam. , politician, artists &
scholars commission Giorgio Vasari : Biography of Michelangelo (artist) Donato Bramante: Architect rival in Rome Vittoria Colonna: Noblewoman, close friend Pope Julius II: Strong ruler, sistine chapel order Pope Leo X : Design Florentine church Stone cutters: Craftsmen cut marble/stone Domenico Ghirlandaio: workshop owner ( apprentice)
Middle A. : Religious > Human figure Marble: Imp. material during Renaissance
Decorate buildings, statues Doorway: Designed frame of doorway (detailed) Classical sculpture by Giovanni
Florence artists: Outstanding drawings Ghirlandaio > techniques of pen & ink
Initial sketches ( before painting, sculptures) Sizes, composition as a whole
Imp. of drawing > status of artists
Charcoal, soft lines, realistic shadows Utensils: Pen (feather) + dark ink (cuttlefish), Metal point : pencil like
w/ metal tip. Sanguine : Red tone chalk ( Michelangelo’s human figure)
Unnatural > realistic style
Three dimensional & expressive Michelangelo’s 1st known drawing > copy of Giotto’s frescoe (2 man)
The Doni Tondo (1506)
Architecture Sculptures:
Battle of the Centaurs
Bacchus
‘The Room of the Five Hundred’
Unfinished works:
Slaves (unfinished sculpture)
Only painting not on wall/ceiling Baby jesus w/ parents (Mary & Joseph) Common holy family Influence of ancient greece Nude figure background
Columns, arches, domes (ancient revival ) Brunelleschi: mathematics x building structure
Talented architects > Employed Grand organization = Power & wealth
Mythological symbols: centaurs; uncivilized side of human Last work for Lorenzo de Medici ( after his death) Figures curved on flat surface
X bow drill (delicate carving) Smooth foreground, rough background Mass tangle of humans
Roman god of wine (aka, Dionysus) 16th century trend W/ grapes and wine vines
Michelangelo’s Bacchus (14961497) Classical statue , relaxing pose
Chamber in Palazzo Vecchio Meetings of Grand Council Leonardo da Vinci & Michelangelo each design one wall
Number of Michelangelo’s sculptures X assistant work alone Display method of making
Scholars’ thought : Intentional unfinished
Attempts to break free of the marble > Symbolize human struggle
Julius II tomb (1506 1545)
Frescoe Painting San Lorenzo
New Sacristy
Laurentian library
Prince’s chapel
War Protection
Bastions:
Michelangelo’s Loneliness
Excited > Frustrated b/c,
Pope Julius II : Unpredictable, busy, lack of $ 8 months in Carrara selecting marbles to use Detailed sketches: size, number, position Monument: Freestanding > wall > Lack of fund > Reduce
amount of statues No payment for several statues made Back to Florence.
Buon Fresco tech. : Painting directly on fresh plaster
Dries within 12 hrs Plan carefully Sistine chapel : Some parts > chip off all part
Caricature of himself: Head thrown back for hrs
Oldest church of Medici family Pope Leo X redesigns
Brunelleschi > Donatello > Verrocchio> Michelangelo Sculpture + architecture : Powerful design
Private library, precious manuscripts, dramatic stairway
Marbles & precious stones, Room of tombs
Duke tombs : X Christian symbols > Day and Night
architecture sculpture (harmony)
Rep. hired Michelangelo to design fortification
Outward structure; weapons mounted
All direction shape attack freely
Artistic values: Curved section > offensive strategy
Letter to Vasari : ‘ It has pleased god...to let me live on in this fickle world with so many troubles… and I can look forward to nothing but endless misery’
Short Summary:
Name: Annabeth Choi Block 9G
Topic: Renaissance Period Date 2016/8/29
Type of Source: time period Source: GRENDLER, PAUL F.. "Renaissance." Europe, 1450 to 1789: Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 30 Aug. 2016 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.
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Notes
Petrarch: Humanism: Science & Philosophy: Politics:
Princedoms:
Monarchies:
Republics:
1st important figure, criticized medieval ideas 14001450 Intellectuals agreed to Petrarch
Intellectual movement: Humanism
Belief of Ancient Greece & Rome works Praised Humanistas : Good qualities that make human Vergerio: traditional medieval curriculums < Humanistic qualities (new
style of teaching) > Immense impact
Dif. job ppl from dif. Countries could interact w/ each others (intellectual unity)
Questioned Middle ages value
Renaissance scholars challenged M.A. intellectual views Copernicus: Earth, other planets revolved around sun Leoniceno: humanistic philological technique. Increase of universities (Catholics> Italian univ.)
3 Basic forms: Princedoms, monarchies, republics
Individual who ruled a state, made laws, collect taxes, defeat rebellions
Bigger than Princedoms Legitimate ruler, stronger institutions Conflicts > International politics & war
Professional classes;
Authority of prince gone, balanced power system Members of gov. : Merchants, manufacturers, lawyers International trade ( venice) Diplomatic alliance, plots, threats of war, military action > Complexity
Art Leaders Cities
Religious Leaders
Interactions:
Italy:
Position of Artists:
Republican take over by powerful individuals (Princedoms) Republic of Florence> Ruled by Medici family
Princedoms < Monarchies b/c marriage & war
Ex. Duke killed > Duchy of Burgundy divided (btwn France & Habsburg)
Immense amount produced, diverse artists w/ dif. Roles Commissioned artists for portraits/sculptures (Leading battles, ancestor) Cities: Council halls decorated Assemble for impression Influence of ancient Rome & Greece (study & criticize)
Patrons made artists follow their program Wealthy: want for painting of Jesus, Mary, Saints praying Attention: paintings, sculptures, buildings
Most art productive Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo
Low social position > Self conscious, created original works, friendly w/ patrons.
Successful artist : wealth, fame, honor
Short Summary: The time of Renaissance was a period of ‘rebirth’. Numerous arts and literature works were created during the time, as well as novel politic forms. One thing that lead to this vast change is sharp criticism of the beliefs and traditions that were held during the Middle Ages. Main examples could be Copernicus stating that earth and other planets revolve around the sun, instead of the geocentric theory. Which in fact was proven to be correct. Another could be the change in republics. The ruling body during this time differed as the powerful individuals such as the Medici family took charge in cities like Florence. Lastly, the most prominent amend would be the social status of artists. Before the Renaissance, people thought of artists as ungainly jobs, whereas during the Renaissance, many paintings and sculptures influenced the people and artists became highly respected (Among them were Michelangelo, Da Vinci, Raphael, etc)
Name: Annabeth Choi Block 9G
Topic: Renaissance Art Date 2016.9.1
Type of Source: time period Source: History.com Staff. "Renaissance Art." History.com . A&E Television Networks, 2010. Web. 01 Sept. 2016. http://www.history.com/topics/renaissanceart
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Overview Origin Early Renaissance
Florence High Renaissance
Period of interest: classical learning & values Technology, Philosophy, Literature, art
Late 13th in Italy ‘ Proto Renaissance’
Petrarch & Giovanni Revived traditions of ancient Greece/Rome
Giotto: Famous artist : Frescoes of Cathedrals Suppressed by disease/war
14011490s Ghiberti & Masaccio doors of Baptistery of Cathedral, frescoes of
Trinity Wealthy individuals, gov, courts : commissioned art Ex. Medici family
‘ The Magnificent’ High art supportive Leadership Later depressed by republican union
14901527s Florence center; under Pope Leo’s force (son of Lorenzo de Medici) 3 dominant ppl : Leonardo Da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael
Leonardo: Intellectual, interest: human & nature Michelangelo: Vast scale works, human body artworks
Raphael: Learned from Leo. & Mich. , Beauty & harmony
Renaissance Art
Enlargement:
Decline:
Religious images Mary & Madonna Seen as ritual, sacred objects
Most artists; Start: apprentices Later: under older master Work on commission & patron’s hirement Additional drawings: Internal meaning (marriage, birth, life)
15th16th : Renaissance spread through Italy & N. Europe Development of oil painting > Fresco, b/c oil paintings reworkable
Opposition arise : Mannerism; Style of painting > contents
‘ High Renaissance was the climax of Italian art’ Giorgio’s Lives of
the Most Eminent Painters, Sculptors, and Architect
Short Summary: Renaissance period was a time when diverse technologies, literature, philosophy grew. Among those, the most prominent was art. The early Renaissance began in 1400s when wealthy individuals such as the Medici family commissioned the artists to makes sculptures and paintings. Art dominated in the region Florence, where the Pope Leo was mainly in control. That time was when the 3 famous artists Leonardo, Michelangelo, and Raphael emerged. Though many people view artworks of Renaissance full of beauty and respect, many people during that time thought of it as only religious purposes. The decline of Renaissance was when Mannerism, which is looking at the style of paintings, r
Name: Annabeth Choi Block 9G
Topic: About Michelangelo Date 2016/9/1
Type of Source: Video Source: Philinthecircle. "Michelangelo Biography from GoodbyeArt Academy."YouTube . YouTube, 25 Mar. 2014. Web. 01 Sept. 2016. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V6ON7F4Wn4k
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Notes
Young Age Artworks
Sistine Chapel
Size:
Lacking in affection Mother ill and died family of stonecutters Endearment for art at young age
(Real)Father: Rage, ‘ An artist is no better than a shoemaker!’, obsessed w/ social standing
Headstrong: Hangs out w/ artists despite father’s saying Apprenticeship w/ artist Left while training
Age 22 1st sculpture : Pieta
Mary tenderly holding dead son Marble into shiny flesh, hair, fabric Mad at rumor that the creator was another person > break in,
carved his name to the sculpture
Most talented sculptor in Italy Pope commissions him for S.C.wall & ceiling
Before : Sculpting > Painting During: Obsession for painting grew 4 yrs of standing, laying down on wooden > Extreme pain
emotionally & physically 12,000 square ft ceiling
Old ages
Drawing of over 300 people
Age 70: took jobs w/out payment > indicates pure dedication Letter to Nephew : Many beliefs, thought he was designated by god Worked lonely > Breathtaking works
Short Summary: Michelangelo was an artist who devoted his whole life into art. At a young age, he had lack of affection due to his mother’s death and was grown by a family of stonecutters. His father wanted him to become a merchant, but Michelangelo ignored him and hang out with several artists. His first sculpture Pieta, was simply made out of marble to represent Mary holding the Jesus. He was considered the most talented sculptor in Italy due to his sculptures perfectly representing hair, body muscles, and even clothings just with a huge chunk of marble. His health deteriorated because of the 4 years of working painfully on the ceiling of sistine chapel that was 12000 square foot long and contained about 300 people. However, his affection for art stayed the same and he continued to create artworks, without payment, until he died at February, 1564.
Name: Annabeth Choi Block 9G
Topic: Michelangelo’s David Date 2016.9.1
Type of Source: Primary Source Source: "Michelangelo's David: Admire World's Greatest Sculpture at Accademia Gallery."Accademia.org . N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Sept. 2016. http://www.accademia.org/exploremuseum/artworks/michelangelosdavid/
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Intro
Original plan Michelangelo during that time
Story of David Observations
Created 15011504 14 ft marble statue Statue of bible hero David niches of Cathedral of Florence
2 sculptors rejected finishing > Impossible & unstable Neglected for 25 yrs until Michelangelo
150 21 old; Most famous and paid artist Worked 2 yrs for ‘David’
Old testament/ bible 1: Battle of David vs. Goliath
Goliath (Champion of Philistines) challenges Israelites to send out ppl
Only David accepts Goliath full dressed (armor & shield) David rock & slingshot Hits Goliath on the head with a rock > cuts head Artists : portrayed this moment (after death of Goliath) Michelangelo : Before the battle; ‘Contrapposto’ : relaxed but
concerned
One leg forward, other leg (holding weight)
Process
Location:
Figures hip & shoulder : Rest Curved torso Slight appearance of slingshot > Victory: Mind instead of weapons Pulsing veins & thigh muscles impressive
Worked at extreme secrecy Open courtyard : soaked while rain Created wax model 1st Slept with boots on/ light eater
Presented to Vestry board (Imp. meeting room in church) members
Too perfect, another location necessary Debate w/ artists (ex. Leonardo DaVinci) Piazza della Signoria (heart of Florence)
1873: Moved to Galleria dell’Accademia
4 days 40 men : move the statue Tore walls
Gilded then, worn out nowadays
Symbol of liberty & freedom
Short Summary: Michelangelo’s david is considered one of the most famous art sculptures of all times. This humongous sculpture was built between 1501 until 1504. It was originally constructed by other sculptors but they all failed to finish (didn’t even get close) and Michelangelo secretly worked on it for 2 years and was able to finish a masterpiece that had detailed veins and muscles. Its size was so huge that it took 4 days and 40 men to just move the statue half a mile. The statue symbolizes liberty and freedom of
Republican ideals.
Name: Annabeth Choi Block 9G
Topic: Sistine Chapel ceilings Date 2016/9/4
Type of Source: Primary sources Source: Taveneaux, Antoine. "Michelangelo's Painting of the Sistine Chapel Ceiling."ItalianRenaissanceorg . N.p., 29 May 2014. Web. 08 Sept. 2016. http://www.italianrenaissance.org/acloserlookmichelangelospaintingofthesistinechapelceiling/
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Sistine Chapel
Original
Plot by rivals
Ceillings
Sequence
Famous painted interior space (15081512) Close to St. Peter’s Basilica & Belvedere Courtyard Place of electing new pope
Pope Francis (2013) Blue & Golden stars Walls frescoes by dif. Artists Pope Julius > Michelangelo to change ceiling
Raphael, Bramante Hoped for Michelangelo’s fall , depart Rome
Helped w/ theologian (Vatican) Centered around scenes from Old Testament
Creation ~ End w/ flood
Above altar > Entrance side > Other side of the room
Started w/ Noah fresco (entrance) Too small Altar side figures larger
Most imp. scenes
1) Creation of Adam
Difference (normal god portrayal)
Uncertainties
Painting styles 2) Fall of Adam and Eve
Next to ‘Creation of Eve’
Right God Floating w/out wings No fancy garments Grey hair & light tunic
Left Adam Concave shape Man likeness w/ God Touch : Birth of human being
Figures surrounding god
Eve/Virgin Mary
Adam & God Muscular & twisting (sculpture like) Vivid realistic, diverse color usage
Christ connection Triangles (ceiling)
Aka, Forbidden fruit Instead of apple (Bible) > Fig tree
Paintings of popes representative of Christ
Above the arched windows Old Testament prophets Sibyls (foretell comings)
Figures : Beauty & power (muscles)
Short Summary: Sistine chapel was an interior place where famous painters painted different areas. Among them was the Sistine chapel artwork which was created by Michelangelo. Michelangelo drew different scenes from the Old testament which included the ‘ Creation of Adam’ ( God touching Adam’s hand to give birth to human) and ‘ Fall of Adam and Eve’ (consisted of them eating forbidden fruit). The figures that he drew portrayed beauty and power of human figures which detailed muscular body shape and postures.
Name: Annabeth Choi Block 9G
Topic: Poems of Michelangelo Date 2016/9/5
Type of Source: Primary source Source: NO Author (members of poemhunter) Michelangelo Buonarroti Poem. "Celestial Love Poem."Poemhunter.com . N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Sept. 2016.
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Notes
Poems Celestial Love: To Vittoria Colonna.
Homosexual love / nature of love 50’s > Cavalieri (homosexuality) Death of Colonna (love)& Riccio (friend) > Nature of death
WHEN the prime mover of many sigh
Heaven took through death from out her earthly place,
Nature, that never made so fair a face,
Remained ashamed, and tears were in all eyes.
O fate, unheeding my impassioned cries!
O hopes fallacious! O thou spirit of grace,
Dante :
Where art thou now? Earth holds in its embrace
Thy lovely limbs, thy holy thoughts the skies.
Vainly did cruel death attempt to stay
The rumor of thy virtuous renown,
That Lethe's waters could not wash away!
A thousand leaves, since he hath stricken thee down,
Speak of thee, not to thee could Heaven convey,
Except through death, a refuge and a crown.
Desire & Love for Colonna Type of love poem written before Colonna’s death
After death No romantic poems Powerful, aesthetic word choices
‘ Perfect peace in the fair face I found’ ‘She was born with God in Paradise’
Hint for Colonna’s death ( Celestial Heavenly)
Joy may kill On the Brink of Death
Influence of Dante on Michelangelo > Vast Use of light ‘ Divine Comedy’ Sistine chapel
Honor/ respect Idol ‘ Never walked the earth a greater man than he’
Too much good luck no less than misery May kill a man condemned to mortal pain, If, lost to hope and chilled in every vein, A sudden pardon comes to set him free. Thus thy unwonted kindness shown to me Amid the gloom where only sad thoughts reign, With too much rapture bringing light again, Threatens my life more than that agony. Good news and bad may bear the self‐same knife; And death may follow both upon their flight; For hearts that shrink or swell, alike will break. Let then thy beauty, to preserve my life, Temper the source of this supreme delight, Lest joy so poignant slay a soul so weak.
Hints Michelangelo’s personality Mistrust Good things > Saged, too much relax > Lead to backstab, danger Essential elements of poem
Rhythm, rhyme Ex. ‘ Pain, vein’, ‘Free, me’, ‘Reign, again’
Now hath my life across a stormy sea Like a frail bark reached that wide port where all
Are bidden, ere the final reckoning fall Of good and evil for eternity. Now know I well how that fond phantasy Which made my soul the worshiper and thrall Of earthly art, is vain; how criminal Is that which all men seek unwillingly. Those amorous thoughts which were so lightly dressed, What are they when the double death is nigh? The one I know for sure, the other dread. Painting nor sculpture now can lull to rest My soul that turns to His great love on high, Whose arms to clasp us on the cross were spread.
Christianity beliefs Ex. ‘ Cross were spread’, ‘Good and evil for eternity’, Soul that
turns to His great love on high’ Imagination of painting > word
Short Summary: Among several poems that Michelangelo has created, many of them allow people to infer about him. The poem ‘ Celestial love’ and one directly quoted to Colonna, tells us his love for Colonna and his broad aesthetic word choices that were used to describe beauty. Other poems like ‘ Joy may Kill’, ‘ On the Brink of Death’, and ‘ Dante’ hints us his worship and respect towards Dante and cautious characteristics of not being relaxed.