repaso del pretérito el 11-16 de enero. notes you will copy the following notes on page 105 of your...
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Repaso del pretérito
el 11-16 de enero
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Notes
• You will copy the following notes on page 105 of your INB.
• The title for this section is:Repaso del pretérito: Verbos regulares -ar
• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.
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Uses of el pretérito
Use the preterite to talk about completed actions in the past.
• Actions that can be viewed as a single event• The beginning or end of an action or event• A series of events such as the action of a story• An action that interrupts another action• An action that happens once or a specific
number of times• A specific time period in the past
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Verbos regulares
• Most -ar verbs are regular in the preterite.• The endings are:
• Stem-changing -ar verbs in the present tense DO NOT stem-change in the preterite.
-ar preterite endings
-é -amos
-aste -asteis
-ó -aron
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Notes
• You will copy the following notes on page 107 of your INB.
• The title for this section is:Repaso del pretérito: Verbos regulares -er/-ir
• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.
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Verbos regulares• -er and -ir verbs have the same endings in the preterite.
¡ojo!-There are many irregular -er & -ir verbs!• The endings are:
• Stem-changing -er verbs in the present tense, DO NOT stem-change in the preterite.
• Stem-changing -ir verbs in the present tense, DO change in the preterite, (but in a different way) in the third person (we will talk about this another time).
-er/-ir preterite endings
-í -imos
-iste -isteis
-ió -ieron
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Notes
• You will copy the following notes on page 109 of your INB.
• The title for this section is:Repaso del pretérito: -car, -gar, -zar
• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.
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Verbos con -car, -gar, -zar
Verbs that end in -car, -gar, & -zar change only in the yo form in the preterite.
• -car → -qué
Sacar (to take out)
saqué sacamos
sacaste sacasteis
sacó sacaron
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Verbos con -car, -gar, -zar
• -gar → -gué
llegar (to arrive)
llegué llegamos
llegaste llegasteis
llegó llegaron
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Verbos con -car, -gar, -zar
• -zar → -cé
almorzar (to eat lunch)
almorcé almorzamos
almorzaste almorzasteis
almorzó almorzaron
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Notes
• You will copy the following notes on page 111 of your INB.
• The title for this section is:Repaso del pretérito: los gemelos
• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.
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Los gemelos
There are two “sets of twins” in the preterite.
They are dar & ver, and ser & ir.
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Los gemelos
Our “gemelos fraternales” are:
dar (to give)
di dimos
diste disteis
dio dieron
ver (to see/to watch)
vi vimos
viste visteis
vio vieron
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Los gemelos
Our “gemelos idénticos” are:
ser (to be)
fui fuimos
fuiste fuisteis
fue fueron
ir (to go)
fui fuimos
fuiste fuisteis
fue fueron
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Notes
• You will copy the following notes on page 111 of your INB.
• The title for this section is:El pretérito: Irregular stems
• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.
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Irregular Stems
• There are nine irregular stem verbs in the preterite.
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Irregular Stems
They are:andar (to walk)estar (to be)tener (to have)saber (to know information)poder (to be able to)poner (to put on/to become)querer (to want)venir (to come)hacer (to do/to make)
Their irregular stems are:anduv-estuv-tuv-sup-pud-pus-quis-vin-hic-
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Irregular Stems
• Irregular stems in the preterite use a mixture of both -ar and -er/-ir endings.
¡ojo!: In the third person singular, the c in hacer changes to a z giving us hizo.
Irregular stem endings
-e -imos
-iste -isteis
-o -ieron
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Notes
• You will copy the following notes on page 113 of your INB.
• The title for this section is:El pretérito: -j stem verbs
• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.
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-j stem verbs
• Verbs that end in -cir have an irregular stem.
• The -c → -j. Here are six examples of -j stem verbs.
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-j stem verbs
They are:conducir (to drive)decir (to say/to tell)traducir (to translate)producir (to produce)introducir (to introduce) *traer (to bring)
Their irregular stems are:conduj-dij-traduj-produj-introduj-traj-
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-j stem verbs
• -j stem verbs use a mixture of both -ar and • -er/-ir endings, with an exception for the third
person plural.
-j stem endings
-e -imos
-iste -isteis
-o -eron
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Notes
• You will copy the following notes on page 115 of your INB.
• The title for this section is:El pretérito: Stem-changing -ir verbs,
• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.
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Stem-changing -ir verbs
• -ir stem-changing verbs in the present tense do stem-change in the preterite.
• They only stem-change in the third person. The new stem-changers are:
e → i o → u
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Stem-changing -ir verbs
• They are known as sandal verbs.
pedir (to ask for)
pedí pedimos
pediste pedisteis
pidió pidieron
dormir (to sleep)
dormí dormimos
dormiste dormisteis
durmió durmieron
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Stem-changing -ir verbs
e → irepetirsentirsevestirse
divertirsepreferirmentirseguirservir
despedirseconseguir
o → umorir
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Notes
• You will copy the following notes on page 117 of your INB.
• The title for this section is:El pretérito: double vowels
• If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.
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Double vowel verbs
• Double vowel verbs are -er & -ir verbs whose stems end in a vowel.
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Double vowel verbs
• In the third person, the i changes to a y, giving us the endings yó & yeron.
incluir (to include)
incluí incluimos
incluiste incluisteis
incluyó incluyeron
construir (to construct)
construí construimos
construiste construisteis
construyó construyeron
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Double vowel verbs
• Vowel stems that end in an -a, -e or -o, receive an accented í in all of the forms.
leer (to read)
leí leímos
leíste leísteis
leyó leyeron
caerse (to fall down)
me caí nos caímos
te caíste os caísteis
se cayó se cayeron
oír (to hear)
oí oímos
oíste oísteis
oyó oyeron