Repair and Remedial Waterproofing of Buildings

Common Problems in Buildings

Repair of Cracks

Classification of Cracks

Type of Cracks

Non - Structural Structural

Cracks in Masonry and Concrete

Repair of Cracks in Masonry Wall

• Cracks in sidewalls that are larger than hairline cracks must be

enlarged before repair. Enlarging should be done along the entire

length of the crack with a cold chisel and hammer.

• Make the crack wider at the bottom than at the top. This is

known as undercutting. It helps to bond the new concrete with the

older concrete.

• Undercut the crack to a minimum depth of 1". The depth of the

undercutting depends on the size and depth of the crack to be

repaired.

• After the crack has been thoroughly undercut, remove all loose

material and brush the area with a wire brush.

• Use a garden hose or a tire pump to blow or wash away the dust

in the crack.

• Press non-shrink Crack Filling Compound firmly into the crack

with spatula or putty knife and level the surface.

Repair of Cracks in Masonry Wall

Repair of Non Structural Cracks with

Crack X Paste & Crack X Shrinkfree

Width Less than 5 mm Width 0 to 10 mm

Repair Methodology

Step 1 Open and Clean the crack

Step 2 Moisten the crack

Step 3 Fill the cracks with suitable material

Crack Size Recommendation

Up to 5 mm Crack X Paste

Up to 10 mm Crack X Shrinkfree

Repair of Cracks on Concrete Wall

• Repairing of crack in a concrete wall

requires basically the same initial steps

as repairing a crack in a masonry wall.

• The cracked area must first be

undercut and widened in the same way

as previously described for a masonry

wall with a cold chisel and hammer.

• The width and depth of the

undercutting depends on the size and

length of the crack.

After all loose material has been chipped

away, thoroughly clean the undercut area

around the crack with a stiff wire brush.

Do not brush the area enough to smooth off

the edges. The rough surface created by the

chiseling provides a good bond for the new

concrete.

When the enlarged area has been thoroughly

cleaned, moisten the surface with water, mop

it and apply bond coat of Cement mixed with

Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP @ 1:1 ratio with a

brush.

Repair of Cracks on Concrete Wall

Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP General Repair & Waterproofing Polymer

Areas of Application

• As a bond coat – For bonding of new concrete to old

concrete, masonry stone work, plastering

• For concrete repairs - Spalled concrete floors,

columns, beams, chajja, slabs, parapets, etc.

• For waterproofing – Small roof terraces, sunken

portions of toilets & bathrooms, chajja & lift pits,

balconies

• For cladding – Fixing or re-fixing of slip bricks, tiles,

stones & marble bedding

• As external rendering – Weatherproof & frost resistant

render

• As bonding slurry coat for pinhole treatment on

concrete surface

22-Feb-18

• Prepare a cement-sand mortar (1:3)

adding Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP @ 12 to 15%

by weight of cement.

• Place the mortar by hand or trowel on

the concrete surface when the bond coat is

in tacky condition.

• Strike-off excess material and finish the

area with trowel.

Repair of Cracks on Concrete Wall

STRUCTURAL REPAIRS AND REHABILITATION

Introducing

REPAIRPRO

Solution Approach towards

Building Repairs

Repair of Spall Concrete

Steps for Repair

Surface Preparation

Removing of corrosion

Protection of steel

Repairing with Mortar

Curing and Finishing

5 Steps

Step 1 – Surface Preparation

Removal of Damaged Concrete –

Cleaning of Surface

• Deteriorated concrete surrounding the reinforcing or prestressing

steel should be carefully removed.

• Extreme care should be exercised to avoid damage to sound

concrete adjacent to the repair area and to steel bars.

• It is essential to remove concrete to a depth of at least 20mm

behind reinforcement in situations where carbonations and chloride

ingress has already reached steel bar.

• The level of cleaning required for steel reinforcements prior to

repair can vary depending on the type or nature of surface rust.

• The repair surface must be free of loose, weak, cracked or

damaged concrete

Concrete removal behind

reinforcement Water – blasting of concrete surface

Removal of Damaged Concrete –

Cleaning of Surface

• Profiling of repair area - rectangular or square

• Profiling of edges with inward tapering – undercutting

•

Break and remove the damaged concrete Prepare the Profile at the Edge of Repair

Profiling of Concrete Substrate

Step 2 – Removing of Rust / Corrosion

• Grit blasting of steel to remove traces of rust on surface

• In cases of chloride induced corrosion, the high pressure water

jet treatment is the only permissible method

• Restoring back the steel by replacing old bar with new one and

restoring all ties, stirrups.

• Another method of replacing corroded steel reinforcement is to

cut out the damaged area and splice in replacement bars with a

specified lap length

• Apply Dr. Fixit Rust Remover - wash with clean water

Cleaning and Treatment of Rebars

Dr.Fixit Rust Remover Removing Rust from Rebars

A single component product which effectively cleans rust from steel

surfaces.

Benefits

• Easy application : By brush

• Chloride free

Coverage

15-20 m2/L

Packs

500 ml & 1 L

Apply on re-bars during

repairs to reinforced

concrete structures and then

clean with water jet

Apply Dr. Fixit Rust

remover with a Brush

or Cotton Cloth

Wash the steel surface with water

Remove the loose rust particles

by scrubbing with the brush

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Leave the surface for 15 -30 mins

Step 3 – Protection to Reinforcement

Dr. Fixit Zinc Rich Primer Galvanized Protection of Rebars

A single component product for steel reinforcement as an anti-corrosion passivation layer.

Benefits

• Easy to apply - Brush

• Strong bonding to concrete & mortar

Coverage

6 m2/L

Packs

1 Litre

Zinc Rich Primer coating on re-bars and steel surfaces

Step 4 – Repairing with Surface Patch

Repair Material

Application of Bonding Agent

Polymer Bonding Agent

• Places where concrete is

damp, these type of bonding

agents work better

• Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP

• Dr. Fixit Pidicrete MPB

Epoxy Bonding Agent

• Places where atmosphere has

some chemicals like industrial

areas

• Dr. Fixit Epoxy Bonding Agent

Dr. Fixit Polymer Mortar HB Patch Repair High Strength Mortar

Technical Parameters

A Fibre-reinforced, shrinkage compensated, ready to use structural repair

mortar

Water – Powder Ratio: 0.17

Yield: 11.9 Litre / 25 Kg Bag

Built-up thickness per layer: 20 mm

Benefits

Reduces cracks due to shrinkage

Extremely low permeability : < 1%

Excellent adhesion to substrate - low Rebound Loss

Coverage

1 – 1.2 m2 / 25 Kg bag at 10 mm thickness

Pre-wet the surface and wait till it

becomes saturated surface dry.

Mix with water @ W/P ratio 0.17 for 3 – 5

minutes with paddle mixer

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Apply Epoxy Bonging Agent followed by Polymer

Mortar HB by hand / trowel to build thickness as

required

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Finish the surface with a straight edge

trowel.

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Dr. Fixit Polymer Mortar HB vs. Traditional Sand Cement Mortar

Traditional Sand Cement Mortar

• In regular 1:5:15 mortar - Polymer, Sand & cement is to be sourced from outside and to be mixed at the site.

• Inconsistent performance due to quality of sand

• In single coat maximum 10-15mm can be achieved and second coat to be done after 24hrs.

• In overhead application, high rebound loss increases cost

Dr. Fixit Polymer Mortar HB

• Pre-mix mortar : needs only water addition at the site – eliminates supervision for mixing and saves time.

• In single coat / pass up to 20mm can be achieved easily.

• In overhead application, it is easy to maintain thickness as very less rebound loss.

Step 5 – Finish & Curing

Technical Parameters

A single component white cement base self-curing water-resistant finish

coat over repaired surface

Water – Powder Ratio: 0.28 to 0.32

Built-up thickness : 1 – 6 mm

Benefits

No water curing required – self cured

Provides smooth and white surface finish

Antimicrobial property – prevents growth of algae and fungi

Can be applied on moist substrate

Coverage

2 – 2.5 m2 / kg / mm thickness

Dr. Fixit Fairing Mortar For Smooth Surface Finish

Pre-wet the repaired surface and wait

till it becomes saturated surface dry.

Mix Dr. Fixit fairing Mortar as per W/P ratio for

minimum 10 - 15 minutes with paddle mixer.

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Apply the Fairing Mortar by hand / trowel and

build the thickness as required. Finish the surface with a straight edge

trowel / putty knife.

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CORROSION

Repair of Highly Distressed and Damaged

Structural Members

Preparation - Caging and Supports

Caging – Vertical and Footing

Support for Loads

What is required?

Removing of

corrosion

Protection of steel

Bonding Agent

Repairing with Micro Concrete

Curing & Finishing

5 Steps

Apply Dr.Fixit Rust Remover followed by cleaning with water jet.

Then apply Dr. Fixit Zinc Primer for Corrosion Protection

Pre-wet the surface thoroughly and wait till it becomes

saturated surface dry

Step 4 – Repairing with Micro Concrete

Dr. Fixit Micro Concrete Structural Repair Mortar for Strengthening

A Ready-to-use free-flow self compacting shrinkage-compensated Polymer

Modified Mortar for repairs to damaged reinforced concrete members

Compressive Strength as ASTM C 109 - 99

3 days: 28 MPa

7 days: 40 MPa

28 Days: 55 MPa

Flexural Strength as ASTM C 580

28 Days: 6 MPa

Tensile Strength as ASTM C 307

7 Days: 2.5 MPa

Technical Parameters

Water – Powder Ratio: 0.15 – 0.16

Yield: 13.5 Litre / 25 Kg Bag

Built-up thickness: Up to 100 mm for single section

Benefits

No compaction required

Rapid strength gain

Extremely low permeability

Coverage

1.3 m2 / 25 Kg bag at 10 mm thickness

Dr. Fixit Micro Concrete Structural Repair Mortar for Strengthening

Mixing of Micro Concrete

Mix Micro Concrete with water @ W/P ratio 0.16 for 3 – 5 minutes with paddle mixer.

Add aggregate in desired quantity for higher section and mix thouroughly.

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Formwork – Placing - Finishing

Place the water-tight shuttering and

Pre-wet the repaired surface and wait

till it becomes saturated surface dry.

Place the Micro Concrete by

hopper from top

Cure the repaired substrate

by moist gunny bags

Finish the surface with

Fairing Mortar

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Remedial Waterproofing of

Building Sections

Provision of angle fillet at vertical wall junctions

• Provide an angle fillet/ wattah made of Polymer

Modified Mortar (PMM) with Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP -

minimum size 50mm x 50mm

Repair of chajja

• Check the condition of chajja and repair it with

proper polymer modified structural grade repair

mortars.

Also, Provide Drip Mould below chajja, as shown

Repair of Chajja

A. Marking and

hacking

B. Materials application

C. Finishing the fillet

• Check the condition of plaster by tapping with

nylon/rubber hammer.

• Method of application for repair of broken

plaster on masonry walls

Plaster Patch Repairs

Separation Gaps of Masonry and Concrete

• Are there any cracks in the separation joints of masonry and concrete?

– Open the groove and clean it thoroughly with

water.

– Place a compressible Joint Board at the gap

– Apply a bonding agent on the surface and render the joint face with polymer modified mortar made with Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP.

– Apply 2 coats of waterproofing coating prepared with Pidicrete URP and Cement (1:1.5) on the surface with metal lath or fibre glass mesh as reinforcement between the coats.

Sealing of Window Frame Gaps & Joints

Check the condition of Joints between

wooden or aluminium frame of windows

and masonry unit

Clean the area properly

Fill the joint with Dr. Fixit Silicone

Sealant.

Is there any expansion joints on walls?

– Such joints should be treated with Dr. Fixit PU

Sealant after proper preparation of the joints.

• Dr. Fixit Polyurethane Sealant:

– Single component non-sag polyurethane sealant

– Max. width of joint : 25 mm

– Width : Depth ratio not more than 2:1

–

Treat Expansion Joints in Walls

Surface Preparation

- Clean the joint

- Check the width

- Provide back-up rod or board to maintain width-

depth ratio

Primer application

- Apply Dr. Fixit Pidiprime A in single coat on joint

surfaces

- Do not apply primer on back-up rod or board

Sealant Application

Apply sealant on the

primed surface

Finishing

Finish the sealant

with a spatula

Are the plumbing lines properly fixed to walls

and any crack in the surrounding of pipe

mouths ?

– Fix them with anti-corrosive clamp a little

away from the building surface

– Repair the cracks with PMM with Dr. Fixit

Pidicrete URP

Treatment to Plumbing lines

– Cut the plant growth about 4” above the base and

remove a section of stem above the cut.

– Make vertical cuts through the bark of the stump and

peel the bark back slightly to expose about 1” of the

inner wood.

– Apply either a thick paste made from Ammonium

Sulphamate crystals or spray any commercial weed

killer made of herbicide solution containing either

Glyphosate or Paraquat.

– Remove the entire plant with the root from the base

substrate

– Fill the gap by PMM made with Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP.

Removal of Vegetation Growth

Check the point of leakage

– Leakage through water inlet / outlet -

Repair the pipe and use PMM & Bathseal

double sided tape for proper bonding with

RCC tank

– Leakage due to surface cracks –

Fill the cracks with relevant material as per

width of the cracks

– Leakage from corner base of water tank

Repair with polymer modified mortar

Apply high performance polymer modified

cementitious coating Dr. Fixit Fastflex

Roof Water Tank

Waterproofing of Water Tank

Dr. Fixit Fastflex

Treatment to Internal Dampness

Dr. Fixit Dampguard : Single component Damp-proof Coating for Internal

walls.

Features

– Microbial resistant - Possesses anti-fungal property and is resistant to micro-

organisms.

– Adhesion - Provides excellent adhesion to all cementitious substrates.

– Chemical resistant - Excellent resistance to water, salt water, mild acids,

alkalis & soap water.

– Eco-friendly – Non-toxic, non-hazardous and non-flammable. Safe for drinking

/ Potable water contact (CFTRI certified)

Application

– Remove the loose flakes of damp surface and clean the surface with water

– Apply putty made with Dr. Fixit Dampguard and cement to level the surface

– Apply two coats of damp proof coating Dr. Fixit Dampguard over the plastered

surface

Solution to Mild / Moderate Dampness

Application Guidelines for Mild Dampness

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Application Guidelines for Mild Dampness

• Precautions & Limitations

– Not recommended for rising dampness.

– Do not apply directly on “neeroo” or POP – remove up to plaster level.

– Do not dilute with water more than recommendation.

– Do not apply below 100C.

– Do not apply directly on paints.

– Curing of coating depends upon the humidity and ventilation.

– In case of water tanks rinsing with plenty of water is required before filling with water to avoid foaming.

– In case the putty becomes stiff, add a little water to attend the right consistency

Dr. Fixit Dampguard

Solution to Severe Dampness accompanied

with Efflorescence

• What is Efflorescence

– Visible white powders on the

surface of the masonry wall

• Reasons

• Water dissolves the salts in masonry

units like brick and sand in plaster

and carries them to the surface

• Then after the evaporation of

water salts crystallize on surface of

masonry or plaster leaving a white

residue.

Method Guidelines

• Remove the plaster up to brick level and clean the surface with water

• Apply a bond coat with Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP– Cement slurry mix on

the brick masonry

• After drying of bond-coat, apply 2 coats of Dr. Fixit Pidifin 2K with a

gap of 6 – 8 hours

• Sprinkle sand on the second coat when it is still wet.

• Re-plaster with good quality mortar mixed with Dr. Fixit Pidiproof LW+

or Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP.

Method of Application

Method of Application

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Method of Application

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