rent - empirical test of a conceptual model to find relevant ppc procedures to strategic...

8/8/2019 RENT - Empirical test of a conceptual model to find relevant PPC procedures to strategic entrepreneurship

1/30


2/30

6

f| tbe ohe ! pl}e ia alvk# f| tbe upe ia OKTp ogd f| tbe cighltudlgoc ~vihvepp ia tbe xivj+

ìivdlgotlgh ke`boglpkp o`vipp tlke' Kiveiev# tbe ùvvegtc| uped te`bgicih| xop ocpi

aiugd eoplc| dllplfce' Lg oddltlig# veceogt ertevgoc ~veppuve ti lk~cekegt aivkoc

~evaivkogè oppeppkegt p`bekep xop ogtl`l~oted' Tbepe oppeppkegt avokexivjp xeve aiugd

ti fe pet ig tbe ti~ ia aivkoc p|ptekp pu`b op ^^@ ogd _uoclt| @igtvic' Auvtbevkive# og|

lk~cekegtotlig eaaivt tovhetlgh tbepe ìgtvic ~vièduvep xop aiugd ti vequlve tbe i~evotligocpu~~ivt ia LT ogd tbe deeci~kegt ia o ptvotehlòcc| aoiuvofce eglvigkegt ti LP ~vihvepp'

Ti puk u~# kipt ia tbe ceovglgh ogd dlpùpplig xltb vehovd ti tbe velexlgh ia tbe L@P@

ptvu`tuve xiucd boe feeg cipt# la igc| vloc ^^@ fept ~vo`tlè o~~vio`bep bod feeg aiccixed#

ugdev o vedu`tliglpt o~~vio`b' Pi# tbe ~uvpulgh ia o pltuotligoc# biclptl` ogd ptvu`tuved

ocldoted o~~vio`b lg ivdev ti bec~ o pkocc ivhoglpotlig ti aiccix o ptvigh egtve~vegeuvloc

ptvoteh| peeked upeauc ogd plhglalògt'

Je|xivdp= ek~lvlòc tept# piat p|ptekp ketbidicih|# ^^@ ~vièduvep# ptvotehl` `boghe#

ivhogl}otligoc deeci~kegt# ptvotehl` egtve~vegeuvpbl~


3/30

0

Lgtvidu`tlig

Tblp ~o~ev dep`vlfep tbe o~~clòtlig ia o ìgè~tuoc kidec ~veliupc| deeci~ed ogd

ocldoted' Tbup# lt olkp ti tept tbe upeaucgepp ia tbe kidec op o dlohgiptl` tiic aiv deeci~lgh

ugdevptogdlgh ofiut tbe veceogè ia tbe ^vidu`tlig ^cogglgh ogd @igtvic "^^@, ~vièduvep

tbot ìucd fe uped lg tbeLgduptvloc @ope Ptud| @ik~og| "L@P@, ugdev o Piat P|ptekp "PPK,o~~vio`b' Lg ao`t# lt lp er~e`ted tbot tbe òpe ptud| xlcc ~vilde plhglalògt aeedfo`j lg ivdev

ti dloce`tlòcc| dlpùpp tbe ~vedl`tle oflcltlep ia tbe ìgè~tuoc kidec# dep~lte geltbev

òupoclt| lp ~ipplfce# giv quogtltotle ptudlep koje pegpe# xltblg tbe `bipeg ìgtert' Tbe

pkocc egtev~vlpe tbot xop `bipeg ti vug tbe òpe ptud| ve~vepegtp o veoc clae pltuotlig xltblg

tbe ~ve`lplig eghlgeevlgh pe`tiv' Kiveiev# tbe ìgè~tuoc kidec tbot xlcc hegevote tbe oudlt

tiic lp kode u~ ia fitb o ìgè~tuoc avokexivj ogd tbvee vepeov`b ~vi~ipltligp'

@igè~tuoc avokexivj

O ~veliupc| ~vi~iped dep`vl~tle avokexivj aiv ~ipltliglgh ^^@ "Plco# 6>>6= 4, tiij lgti

ìgpldevotlig je| algdlghp dekogdlgh fuplgepp ogoc|plp ti veìhglpe tbot fuplgepp ptvoteh|#ivhoglpotligoc ptvu`tuve ogd i~evotligoc p|ptekp ove lgertvlòfc| clgjed'

Tbe utlclped ìgè~tuoc avokexivj "lde Alhuve ?, xop tbe vepuct ia pufme`tlgh tbot

dep`vl~tle kidec ti o `vipp+`be`j deeci~kegt egofced f| og lg de~tb cltevotuve velex' Tbe

~vièpp aiccixed o b|~itbetlòc+dedu`tle o~~vio`b olklgh ot eptofclpblgh tbe ìgè~tuoc

avokexivj obeod ia tbe

alecdxivj'

Tblp avokexivj ptovted f|

lg`cudlgh elhbt ~vi~ipltligp

ofiut tbe ~evaivkogè ia

^vidu`tlig ^cogglgh ogd

@igtvic P|ptekp "^^@P,#xbl`b ptvepped o aex ao`tivp ia

de~egdegè ìklgh iut ia tbe

cltevotuve velex "Plco# 6>>6=

?08,' Tbepe elhbt ~veliup

~vi~ipltligp xeve pukkovlped

lgti tbvee gex igep "lde gert

pufpe`tlig, ogd tbe| ocpi xegt

tbviuhb o pekogtl`p odmuptkegt

dvleg f| tbe Piat P|ptekp Ketbidicih| "lde Qlcop+Fiop# 6>>>6 = 6>6,'

Alhuve ? @igè~tuoc avokexivj ti dlpùpp ^^@veceogè

^^@veceogè

Lgtevgoc bovo`tevlptl`pohe ogd pl}e

te`bgicih|

~ixev ogd ùctuve

~opt ~ottevgp

Ertevgoc eglvigkegtìk~cerlt|

ptoflclt|

kovjet dlevplt|

biptlclt|

De`lpligkojlgh

Ptvoteh|

Ptvu`tuve

Ivhoglpotligoctbeiv|

Ekevhegtptvoteh|

Lgtegdedptvoteh|

Fuplgeppptvoteh|


4/30

4

Peìgd ~vi~ipltlig ofiut tbe veceogè ia ^^@ ~vièduvep

Veceogt ^^@ ~vièduvep ìgè~tuocc| de~egd ig tbe o`bleekegt iaptvu`tuvoc eaae`tlegepp'

Lg oddltlig# tbe ptvu`tuvoc eaae`tlegepp aiv o koguao`tuvlgh ivhoglpotlig xop dealged f|

tbe aiccixlgh dlkegpligp=

+ Ptvu`tuvoc ìghvuegè# l'e' o `cipe alt fetxeeg tbe ìgtlgheg`| ao`tivp ogd tbe deplhg~ovoketevp ia tbe koguao`tuvlgh p|ptek:

+ Eaae`tlegepp ia fitb Koguao`tuvlgh ogd LP)LT ptvotehlep# l'e' ìgè~tuoc ìgplpteg`|fetxeeg "l, tbe koguao`tuvlgh ptvoteh| ogd tbe ievocc fuplgepp ptvoteh|: "ll, tbe LP)LT

ptvoteh| ogd tbe ievocc fuplgepp ptvoteh|: "lll, tbe koguao`tuvlgh ptvoteh| ogd tbe

itbev aug`tligoc ptvotehlep xltblg tbe fuplgepp: "l, tbe aug`tligoc ptvotehlep# lg

~ovtlùcov# koguao`tuvlgh ogd LP)LT ptvotehlep ogd tbe fuplgepp eglvigkegt: ", ^^@

ogd occ tbe vekolglgh deplhg ~ovoketevp xltb vehovd ti deplhg'

Lt pbiucd fe blhbclhbted tbot tbe ìgtlgheg`| ao`tivp xeve ~veliupc| dealged op tbe

ertevgoc eglvigkegt# ohe ogd pl}e# te`bgicih|# ~ixev ogd ùctuve# ~opt ~ottevgp ogd ptvoteh|'

Lg oddltlig# tbe deplhg ~ovoketevp ia tbe koguao`tuvlgh p|ptek xeve ocpi velexed ogdpukkovlped oatev o `vipp+`be`j fetxeeg tbe deplhg ~ovoketevp ~vi~iped f| tbe

Ivhogl}otligoc Tbeiv| ogd tbe ptvotehl` de`lplig oveop "lde Plco# 6>>6= 605,'

Lg oddltlig# tbe detolc ia tbe ptvotehlpt lex lg tbe ocldotlig erev`lpe ~veliupc| òvvled

iut bop ced ti tbe ertegplig ia tbe peìgd ~vi~ipltlig lg ivdev ti lg`cude tbe ofie kegtliged

lppuep "l,# "ll,# "lll, ogd "l, ìgèvglgh ptvotehl` eaae`tlegepp' Kiveiev# o tblvd ~vi~ipltlig

ovipe avik tbe dlpùpplig ia tbe ìgplpteg`| fetxeeg ^^@ ogd occ tbe vekolglgh deplhg

~ovoketevp xltb vehovd ti lk~cekegtotlig ogd i~evotlig'

Tbup# o tblvd tbeivetlòcc| ocldoted ~vi~ipltlig pbiucd ìgtvlfute ti tbe er~e`ted

ìgplpteg`| lg tbe ~evaivkogè ia tbe ìgtvic ~vièduvep ogd pi# ti tbe veceogt `bilèp ia tbe

^^@ ~vièduvep# op aiccixp=

Tblvd ~vi~ipltlig ofiut tbe veceogè ia ^^@ ~vièduvep

Veceogt ^^@ ~vièduvep de~egd ig tbe o`bleekegt ia ìgplpteg`| fetxeeg ^^@ ogd

occ tbe vekolglgh deplhg ~ovoketevp ia tbe koguao`tuvlgh p|ptek xltb vehovd ti tbelvlk~cekegtotlig ogd i~evotlig'

Lg ao`t# tbe ldegtlalòtlig ia tbe veceogt ^^@ ~vièduvep lp o biclptl` erev`lpe# `ceovc|

de~egdegt ig occ tbe deplhg ~ovoketevp# xbl`b pbiucd git fe tojeg lgti ìgpldevotlig ugdev o

vedu`tliglpt o~~vio`b' Kiveiev# tblp de~egdegè ocpi lg`cudep tbe lk~cekegtotlig ogd

i~evotlig ia occ tbe deplhg ~ovoketevp# lg oddltlig ti tbelv ìgè~tuoc deplhg "", ia tbe

peìgd ~vi~ipltlig,'

Oudlt tiic

Tbe iutìke avik tbe ogoc|plp# dlpùpplig ogd ocldotlig ia tbe ìgè~tuoc avokexivj xeve

o pet o lppuep tbot ced tbe deeci~kegt ia tbe egqulvlgh queptligp ia tbe oudlt tiic' Lgdeed#

tblp clpt ia lppuep lp veaivkucoted ti feìke o dlohgiptl` tiic aiv ldegtla|lgh veceogt ^^@

~vièduvep xltblg o p~e`lal` pet+u~ o`ìvdlgh ti tbe o~~vio`b er~colged lg tbe ketbidicih|

pe`tlig ia tblp ~o~ev'

LgO~~egdlr ? tbeve lp og ertvo`t ia tbe ti~l`p tbot ove ìeved lg tbe lgtevlex xltb tbeKogohlgh Dlve`tiv ia tbe Lgduptvloc @ope Ptud| @ik~og|' Tbepe lccuptvote tbeLgtevlexHulde# xbl`b lp fulct u~ obeod ia tbe alecdxivj# lg ivdev ti ìcce`t ~vlkov| doto tbviuhb

pekl+ptvu`tuved lgtevlexp' Tbe vepuctlgh algdlghp ogd tbelv vecoted dlpùpplig ove hilgh ti fe

~vepegted lg tbe vekolglgh pe`tligp ia tblp ~o~ev# mupt oatev tbe ketbidicih| pe`tlig' Algocc|#

tbe copt pe`tlig ia tbe ~o~ev ìgèvgp tbe ìg`cupligp'


5/30

5

Vepeov`b Ketbidicih|

Pettlgh tbe fviod ketbidicihl`oc huldeclgep

Tbe vepeov`b deplhg aiccixp tbe Piat P|ptekp Ketbidicih| "PPK,'

PPK lp o p|ptekp+tblgjlgh+foped o~~vio`b ti kepp| veoc+xivcd ~vifcek pltuotligpdiklgoted f| dlaaevegt ottvlfutligp ia keoglgh' Lt ~vildep ptvu`tuved huldeclgep aiv

eroklglgh tbe pi`loc `igtert ia og| p`legtlal` lgtevegtlig lg veoc+xivcd oaaolvp' PPK lp og

o`tlig+ivlegted ketbidicih| xbl`b ~uv~ipe lp ti ao`lcltote tojlgh o`tlig lg tbe xivcd# lg ivdev

ti fvlgh ofiut `boghe "@be`jcogd# ?


6/30


7/30

8

erlptlgh pltuotlig l'e' @be`jcogdp alvpt octevgotle lp ve~ivted lg tblp ~o~ev' Tbup# tbe

ìgè~tuoc kidec ~vilded o fope aiv ivdeved queptliglgh tbviuhb tbe egqulvlghqueptligp' Tblp lp tbe ~vièduve aiccixed lg ivdev ti ldegtla| tbe veceogt^^@ ~vièduvep

ti tbe p~e`lal` pltuotlig ia tbe L@P@ ogd ti `be`j tbe lgtevept ia tbe ìgè~tuoc kidec opo ~vièpp ia egqulv|'

Ptohe 1 ia PPKoddveppep aeoplflclt| ogd deplvoflclt| ia `boghe' Tbup# avik tbipe ldegtlaledop p|pteklòcc| deplvofce `boghep# pike ko| fe ùctuvocc| aeoplfce# itbevp git "@be`jcogd#

?,'

Tbe ~uvpued egqulv| xop gotuvoclptl` plgè lt dld git toje ~coè lgti o ìgtvicced

eglvigkegt' Tbeveaive# lt oilded tbe kogl~ucotlig ia tbe ~ovtl`l~ogtp "ôttig# ?>,: "lll,

ìk~og| ceoacetp ia ?>


8/30


9/30

% iatbe tuvgiev' P^T lp kode u~ ia pkocc pevlep ia ve~etltle ~vidu`tp ti fe decleved tbe

xeej oatev ti tbe ivdev ~coèkegt' Deocp ove pet ogguocc|# velexed og|tlke# ptvepplghìgptogt ~vlè vedu`tlig ogd quoclt|' Tbe clgjlgh pocep kogohev ek~boplpep tbe te`bglòc

vice# ocpi ~evaivklgh op o ~vihvepp `bopev ti oild deco|p "Alhuve 5,:

^vepp tiicp "^VT, lg`cude ?5> ti 6>> ìk~igegtp ogd klhbt fe ia ùttlgh# ekfipplgh ogd~vihvepple' Kovjet lp kotuve ogd ptofce# hvixlgh ev| pcixc|' Lt ve~vepegtp ige tblvd ia

tbe ìk~og| tuvgiev' Tbepe ~vidu`tp keog o cigh+tevk ogd veclofce vecotligpbl~ xltb tbe

ùptikev feòupe ia tbe oatev pocep pu~~ivt ogd ia tbe dekogdlgh quoclt| vequlvekegtp'

Deplhg er~evtlpe lp o ìve lppue ogd op ceod tlkep ove cigh ?>)?2 xeejp ogd tbe due

declev| dote lp veopigofc| acerlfce "Alhuve 5,:

Pufìgtvo`ted ~ovtp iv ìk~igegtp "ÔV, pbix fitb ve~etltle ogd gig+ve~etltle

dekogdp# hvixlgh ot o ev| pcix vote "Alhuve 5,' Tblp PFU ve~vepegtp ?>% ia tbetuvgiev ogd lt lp op ottvo`tle op ^VT' ^vlè ciijp tbe kipt lk~ivtogt ìk~etltle `vltevlo

Piuvè= TLK# Cdo'

Alhuve 4 ?'P~e`loc tiicp PFU= tbe `vlk~lgh tiicp: 6'Ko`blged ìk~igegtp:

0'@uttlgh# ekfipplgh ogd ~vihvepple ~vepp tiicp

? 6 0


10/30

?>

igè tbot quoclt| kupt fe ~ve+oppuved' Alce tvogpaev ogd @OD)@OK er~evtlpe ove

lk~ivtogt# lg ivdev ti toje odogtohe ia tbe heiketv| dealged f| tbe ùptikev# igè tbot

kipt ia tbe ivdeved ìk~igegtp ove ocveod| deplhged' Tbe ùptikev ivdevp aiv fitb ÔV

ogd ^VT ove pufme`t ti tbe o~~ve`lotlig ia o ~veliup quitotlig'

TLK Cdo lp dlplgeptlgh lg tbe p~ovep PFU feòupe tbe PÔ mifp vepuct ig pu`èpple

ugciodlgh ogd ciodlgh ia er~egple ko`blge+tiicp òuplgh o pevliup deco| lk~o`t ig tbeitbev mifp' Lg oddltlig# tbe ?% pbove# p~clt o`vipp aov tii kog| ùptikevp# ~co`lgh cix

ocue ivdevp ogd erblfltlgh pevliup dlaalùctlep ti ~o| lp git ottvo`tle' Fepldep tbe

hiidxlcc cippep# PÔ lp git ~vialtofce dep~lte ùptikevp ove xlclgh ti ~o| xboteev lp

opjed ti pee tbe mif dige' @uvvegt ~icl`| lp ti o`è~t igc| p~e`loc ùptikevp ogd ivdevp

avik tbipe tbot opj aiv itbev veceogt xivj'

Pike `vipp+fuplgepp lppuep ove# op aiccixp= "l, tbe quoclt| ìk~etltle `vltevlo o`tp op o

quoclalev tbot klhbt eoplc| feìke og ivdev cipev: "ll, tbe deplhg ò~oflclt| o`tp op o ìve

ìk~etegè# eoplc| er~colged f| tbe upe ia @G@ ko`blge+tiicp ogd ia @OD ìk~eteg`lep

fitb lgtevgoc# ogd avik tbe ùptikevp: ogd "lll, tbe ~vlè ekevhep op o ìgplptegt ivdev

xlggev tihetbev xltb itbevp tbot ov| o`ìvdlgh ti tbe oveo' ^^@ xblce dlve`tc| vecoted titbe due declev| dote ogd ti tbe declev| tlke `vltevlo diep boe o veceogt vice ti ~co|due ti tbe lk~ivtogè ia tbepe `vltevlo aiv occ tbe PFUp# op aiccixp= "l, P^T ogd ve~etltle~ovtp ove ivdeved lg pkocc ve~eotofce fot`bep# P^T dekogd lp vehucov ogd# ^VT ogd gig+

ve~etltle ~ovtp ove ige+iaa ivdevp: "ll, ^VT bop hit o ev| ìk~cer ~vidu`t ptvu`tuve xltb

kog| ìk~igegtp ogd peevoc ceecp# xblce itbev ~vidu`tp ev| plk~ce: "lll, kipt ia tbe P^T

ogd ~evbo~p pike ve~etltle ÔV ko| fe odequote ti o pti`j fope ivdevlgh p|ptek# xblce tbe

~vidu`tp ia tbe itbev PFU ove odequote ti o acix ìgtvic ivdevlgh p|ptek: "l, P^T ~vepegt o

alred plghce `|`ce ivdevlgh p|ptek ogd o ~ucc dekogd# xblce itbevp ciij odequote ti fitb

kuctl+`|`ce ivdevlgh p|ptekp ogd ~upb dekogd: ogd# ", xblce P^T ko| fe aiveòpted ot ceopt

ig tbe cigh tevk# tbe itbev PFUp peek kive odequote ti acerlfce ~vihvokklgh' Lg ao`t# tbepe

~ilgtp ko| detevklge dlaaevegt ^^@ deplhgp aiv tbe peevoc PFUp ogd pi# dlaaevegtveceogè ia tbe ^^@ ~vièduvep'


11/30

??

Alhuve 5 Pukkov| ia tbe kolg PFU aeotuvep

Ptvotehl` fuplgepp oveop

ôvtp "ÔV,P~e`loctiicp

"P^T,

^vepptiicp

"^VT,Gig+

ve~etltleVe~etltle

P~ovep

"PÔ,

TLK

"op o xbice,

Hvixtb vote ) ; ) ; ) ;^vialtoflclt| **** ** ** * fut ***Pocep pbove 5>+1>% 0>% ?>% 3?% +

@vltlòc Pu`èpp Ao`tivp Deplhg ò~oflclt|+ Erlptegè+ @OD er~evtlpe+ @OD)@OK er~evtlpe+ Alce tvogpaev+ Avequegt ~vim `boghe

0

6466

44444

??40?

??40?

6?0??

44444

Acerlflclt|+ Pet+u~p+ ^vidu`tlig icuke+ ^vidu`t voghe

444

??4

??4

460

4?4

4?4

_uoclt|+ ^vidu`t ~evaivkogè+ P~e` igaivkogè+ Vecloflclt|+ Duvoflclt|+ _uoclt| ~evè~tlig

44444

44444

44444

44444

00000

44444

Declev| tlke+ Qev| uvhegt

"|eptevdo|,+ Pbivt+ Oevohe

+ Kogua CT3DCT

+4++

++4+

+4++

+44+

44++

9

Due declev| dote+ ?>>% aucalcclgh+ o`è~tofce3? xj deco|+ o`è~tofce36 xj deco|

4++

+4+

+4+

+4+

4+++

9 ^vlè+ Klglkuk+ Ogguocc|)~evlidlòcc|

pet+ @igtlguiupc| velexed+ Lk~ivtogè ia tbe

ceovglgh ùve

444

+

4++

4

4++

+

444

+

?++

+

9

Oatev pocep pevlè

+ Lgptoccotlig+ Xovvogt|+ Kolgtegogè+ @boghep

040+

4444

+4++

+4++

+444

4444

Je|Pòce=? fod iv uglk~ivtogt iv uggeèppov|

6 lgpuaal`legt iv pclhbtc| lk~ivtogt ivpclhbtc| geèppov|

0 puaal`legt iv veopigofc| lk~ivtogt ivveopigofc| geèppov|

4 hiid iv ev| lk~ivtogt iv geèppov|

Itbev= lg`veoplgh ptvighc| lg`veoplgh de`veoplgh ptvighc| de`veoplgh; kolgtolglgh**** ev| ~vialtofce


12/30

?6

Ertevgoc eglvigkegt ia tbe ìk~og|

Tbe kitiv lgduptv| lp vep~igplfce aiv kive tbog % ia tbe TLK tuvgiev# ~co`lgh pevliup

vequlvekegtp aiv quoclt| èvtlalòtlig# due dote o`ìk~clpbkegt# ptvl`t quoclt| ìgaivkogè#

ìgptogt ~vlè vedu`tlig eaaivt ogd ciòtlig `cipe ti ùptikev plte' Kiveiev# ìgaivkogè#

ìgtvic o`vipp dlptogè ogd aivkoc ~evaivkogè oppeppkegt fulcd u~ ig ti~ ia aivkoc ^^@~vièduvep ogd egtev~vlpe p|ptekp'

Op vehovdp kovjet dlevplt|# TLK ~vepegtp o hveot dlevplt| ia ~vidu`tp xbl`b vepuctp lgti o

hveot xivj dlevplt| tbot pbiucd aoiuv tbe upe ia tbe xivjacix op o `vltevlig ti hviu~ ugltp'

Auvtbevkive# tbeve lp o `ceov fveoj ig tbe dekogd `bovo`tevlptl`p fetxeeg P^T ogd tbeitbev PFUp "Alhuve 1,# l'e' P^T lp ivdeved ogd koguao`tuved lg pkocc ve~etltle ogd vehucov

fot`b ~vidu`tlig# xblce tbe itbev PFUp ~vepegt ige+iaa ugve~eotofce ogd lvvehucov ivdev

quogtltlep# l'e' mifflgh+~vidu`tlig iv ot kipt# mifflgh+fot`b aiv tbe ve~etltle ÔV' Tbepe

ove tbe vlhbt ìgdltligp aiv o clklted evtlòc deègtvoclpotlig ìgdu`tlgh ti tbeptvu`tuve dllpligoclpotlig' Bixeev# tbe ~vepegè ia ìve ìk~etegèp ìkkig ti occ

kovjetp ko| pti~ dllpligoclpotlig'TLK ~vidu`tp ove git ev| pi~blptlòted# erè~t tbe ^VT tbot ove ia ev| dlaalùct

ugdevptogdlgh "Alhuve 1,' Te`bgicih| lp veopigofc| pi~blptlòted op tbe dep`vl~tlig ia tbelv

xivjlgh lgptvu`tligp pbix' Fe|igd tbot# TLK ùptikevp ove tbekpecep koguao`tuvevp' Pi#

tbe| tegd ti fe pi~blptlòted feòupe tbe| ove dekogdlgh# vequlve p~e`loc ottegtlig ogd o

vecotligpbl~ foped ig tvupt tbot hvixp xltb tlke' Tbe ùptikev jgixcedhe lp dlve`tc|

~vi~ivtligoc ti tbe ùptikev ~ixev ogd lgevpec| ti tbe gukfev ia ùptikevp' Lg hegevoc# tbe

ìk~vebegplflclt| ia TLK xivj lp pkocc xbl`b lp o vepuct ia tbe ìk~cerlt| ia tbe TLK

fuplgepp eglvigkegt' Op o ìgpequegè# tbe ~ipplflclt| ia tbe ptogdovdlpotlig ia tbe xivj

~vièpp lp veduèd# tbe de`lplig+kojevp ove ievcioded ogd deègtvoclpotlig lp aoiuved' Tblp

eaae`t velgaivèp ogd kohglalep tbe deègtvoclpotlig geedp lgtviduèd f| tbe kovjet

dlqevplt| dep~lte ègtvoclpotlig felgh o~~ovegtc| aoiuved f| tbe te`bgicih| plklcovltlepaiv occ tbe PFUp'

Tbe ìk~etltlegepp ia tbe pe`tiv ogd tbe blhb ùptikev fovholglgh ~ixev hegevote o

d|gokl` eglvigkegt tbot lk~o`tp tbe xivj ~vedl`toflclt| gehotlec| ogd pi# lg`veoplgh

ugèvtolgt|' Tbipe eaae`tp ove kohglaled f| tbe koje+ti+ivdev "KTI, gotuve ia tbe fuplgepp'

Aiveòptlgh# pti`j ~icl`lep ogd ohhvehote ~cogglgh klhbt igc| fe ~ipplfce aiv P^T' Tbe

ertveke ug~vedl`toflclt| ia tbe kog| PÔ ùptikevp xivpegp tbe ~vifcek "Alhuve 1,' Tbepe

op~e`tp ìgalvk tbe erlptegè ia o ev| d|gokl` ìk~etltle eglvigkegt tbot pufme`t TLK

koguao`tuvlgh p|ptek ti o blhbc| `boghlgh ~ottevg ia dekogdp tbot plhglalògtc| oaae`t ltp

xivj ~vedl`toflclt| lg fitb pbivt ogd kedluk tevk lg`veoplgh ugèvtolgt|' Tbe erè~tlig

o~~eovp ti fe tbe P^T' Lg tbe cigh tevk# lt lp er~e`ted tbot tbe lgduptvloc pe`tiv lp ptlcc kive

kotuve ogd pi kive ìk~etltle' Gex kotevlocp te`bgicihlep aoiuv ugèvtolgt| ogd pi# ogig+hilgh `bocceghe ti tbe lk~viekegt ia quoclt|# ~vidu`tllt| ogd pevlè# lg ivdev ti

ìgtlguiupc| ptveghtbeg ogd ìvve`t tbe ìk~etltle ~ipltlig' Ig tbe itbev bogd# tbe `veotle

upe ia lgaivkotlig te`bgicih|# tbe kogohekegt ia tbe pi`loc eglvigkegt ia tbe ìk~og|

ogd tbe ìgptogt te`bgicihlòc u~dotlgh ko| ~evaivk o veceogt vice lg de`veoplgh

ugèvtolgt|' Algocc|# cepp ~vedl`tofce xivj tegdp ti vequlve kive kutuoc odmuptkegt votbev

tbog ~cogglgh ogd ìgtvic p|ptekp# hviu~lgh f| xivj ~vièpp ogd aug`tlig votbev tbog

~vidu`t iv kovjet foped ig ~vièpp lgtevde~egdeg`lep' Kiveiev# ivhogl` ptvu`tuvep alt xecc

d|gokl` eglvigkegtp eeg la i~~iplte lgacuegèp ìke avik tbe detevklgogtp pl}e ogd

te`bgicih|' Lg oddltlig# ivhogl` ptvu`tuvep aoiuv clolpig delèp ig tbe er~egpe ia~cogglgh ogd ìgtvic p|ptekp' Tblp o~~eovp ti fe tbe òpe ia ~vepp tiicp "^VT,# ~ovtp

"ÔV, ogd p~ovep "PÔ,' Igè oholg# p~e`loc tiicp "P^T, erblflt tbe i~~iplte pet iavequlvekegtp'


14/30


15/30

?5

Te`bglòc p|ptek ia tbe ìk~og|

@uptikev ivdevp lg P^T ove fitb ìgtvic ogd acix ivdevp# xbl`b ove blhbc| ptogdovdlped' Tbe

iut~utp erblflt blhb ptogdovdlpotlig feòupe tbe| ove ev| uglaivk xltb aex erè~tligp'

Pike ~vidu`tp ove koguao`tuved+ti+pti`j "KTP, xblce itbevp ove je~t lg pti`j boca alglpbed

xoltlgh aiv tbe dealgltlig ia tbe

acix ivdev' Lg pukkov|# P^T pbix

o `cipegepp ti cigh+clgjed

te`bgicihlep tbot lp git pboved f|

tbe itbev PFUp'

Lg PÔ tbe ùptikev ivdev lp

dlve`tc| tvogpaivked lgti o xivj

ivdev' Iut~utp ove uglque ogd tbe

tvogpaivkotlig ~vièpp pbixp

ve`l~viòc lgtevde~egdegèp' Gig+

ve~etltle ~ovtp ove ev| `cipe ti

PÔ lg tbe Tbik~pig`copplalòtlig op Alhuve 2 pbixp'

^VT o~~eov ti fe ptogdovdlped

xltb vehovd ti pike plklcov

ìk~igegtp fut tbe| ove ev|

dlaaevegt avik eo`b itbev xltb vehovd ti tbe algoc ~vidu`t' Tbeve lp pike ptogdovdlpotlig lg

tbe tvogpaivkotlig ~vièpp xbl`b erblfltp ku`b ve`l~viòc lgtevde~egdegè due ti tbe

~vidu`t ìk~cerlt|' Algocc|# ve~etltle ~ovtp "ÔV?, pbix pike ptogdovdlpotlig ig lg~utp#

iut~utp ogd ~vièpp tvogpaivkotlig aiv tbe poke ~vidu`t# fut ov|lgh plhglalògtc| fetxeeg

dlaaevegt ~vidu`tp "lde Alhuve 2,'

Tbe jgixcedhe ìk~igegt ia tbe te`bgicih| xop o~~ve`loted f| fitb tbe ovloflclt| ia

tbe topj ogd tbe ogoc|poflclt| ia tbe ~vifcek aiv eev| PFU# o`ìvdlgh ti tbe keopuvep~vepegted lg Alhuve de~l`tp lg o 6R6 kotvlr tbe vepuctp avik tbe te`bgicih| `copplalòtlig ia êvvix'

Fitb p~ovep ogd gig+ve~etltle ~ovtp erblflt kog| erè~tligp ogd ~vifcekp tbot ove

dlaalùct ti dealge ogd ogoc|pe# xbl`b `bovo`tevlpep o gig+viutlge te`bgicih|' Gig+ve~etltle

~ovtp o~~eov ti fe fettev dealged tbog p~ovep feòupe tbe| ove dealged f| tbe ùptikev tbot

upuocc| pu~~clep tbe dvoatp'Kiveiev# fitb p~e`loc tiicp ogd ve~etltle ~ovtp pbix `bovo`tevlptl`p ia gig+viutlge

te`bgicihlep' P^T ciij fettev dealged feòupe tbe| jee~ ig ve~eotlgh kive vehucovc| tbog

ve~etltle ~ovtp' Dep~lte ve~etltle ~ovtp ~vepegtlgh aex erè~tligp xltblg tbe pì~e ia ige

~vidu`t# tbe| ov| o cit avik ~vidu`t ti ~vidu`t feòupe tbe voghe ia ~vidu`tp lp ev| fviod'

OatevBot`b "?


17/30

?8

Tblp keogp tbot tbe| ìucd pclde ocigh tbe dlohigoc' Algocc|# tbe ~vepp tiicp erblflt o covhe

gukfev ia erè~tligp lg tbe algoc ~vidu`t# fut tbe| di boe kog| plklcov ìk~igegtp'

Tbeveaive# tbe topj ovloflclt| xop voted oevohe' Tbe ~vifcek xop ìgpldeved lcc dealged ogd

dlaalùct feòupe dep~lte felgh bogdced lg o votligoc ogd p|ptekotl` koggev# lt lp ev|

ìk~cer'

Tbe @G@ te`bglòc p|ptek lp kive pi~blptlòted tbog tbe tvodltligoc ige# dekogdlgh kivei~evotivp tvolglgh' Lt ocpi vehucotep kive tbelv mifp' Lt lp tbe @G@ ~vihvokkev tbot kojep tbe

i~evotivp xivj viutlge ogd ~vedl`tofce f| ltp vehucotlig' Xbeg ìk~oved xltb kopp

~vidu`tlig# tbe pi~blptlòtlig eaae`t lp kive lk~ivtogt tbog tbe vehucotlig ige' Tbe

lk~o`t ia @G@ ko`blgep lp# op aiccixp "Alhuve ??,= "l, f| tbe eaae`t ia pi~blptlòtlig# tbe|

toje ~ixev avik tbe ^vidu`tlig Kogohev vedlptvlfutlgh lt f| tbe ogoc|ptp ia tbe

te`bgiptvu`tuve "pece`tle bivl}igtoc deègtvoclpotlig,# f| tbe @G@ Aivekog ogd tbe

i~evotivp "evtlòc deègtvoclpotlig,: "ll, f| tbe eaae`t ia vehucotlig ~ixev lp tojeg avik tbe

i~evotivp ogd ìgègtvoted lg fitb

tbe @G@ Aivekog ogd tbe

^vidu`tlig Kogohev "evtlòc

ègtvoclpotlig,' Bixeev# ~ixevfocogè aoiuvp tbe

pi~blptlòtlig eaae`t ogd pi tbe

ek~ixevkegt ia tbe i~evotlghìve# vepuctlgh lgti o kive

ivhogl` ptvu`tuve ogd lgti kiveupe ia clolpig delèp# e'h' tbe er+te`bglòc ìkklttee' O ~vo`tlòc

eaae`t ia vehucotlig lp tbot lt lp eop|

ti ve~coè o @G@ i~evotiv dep~lte

felgh ev| kiflce xltb vehovd ti

ek~ci|kegt feòupe ia blhb

kovjet dekogd'

Tbe te`bgicih| er~ogplig lg TLK pbixp og lg`vekegtoc o~~vio`b ti ò~o`lt| `boghe

"Blcc# ?


18/30

?2

Tbe quoclt| de~ovtkegt "??, xbl`b lp ~ovt ia tbe te`bgiptvu`tuve lp ced f| KP' Lt ~vildep o

ketvicih| pevlè tbviuhb tbe cofivotiv| "?2, ogd lp vep~igplfce aiv tbe quoclt| oppuvogè

koguoc ogd ~vièduvep "TLK# 6>>?,' Ltp ~ipltliglgh lg tbe ivhoglpotligoc `bovt fecix tbe

itbev alvpt clge de~ovtkegtp pbixp tbe o`tuoc ~ixev ia tbe quoclt| aug`tlig' Lg ao`t# tbeottegtlig hleg ti quoclt| ptlcc ciijp fecix tbe ige tbot pbiucd fe er~e`ted avik ltp

lk~ivtogè aiv tbe fuplgepp op o `vltlòc quoclalev dep~lte lt bop ~vihvepped ìgpldevofc| lg tbe

copt |eovp'

OC lp tbe t|~lòc pu~ev+aivekog tbot xop ~vikited ti i~evotligp kogohev' Tbe

~vidu`tlig de~ovtkegt "5, bop tbe aiccixlgh ptoaa= CD "?8, op tbe ~vidu`tlig ìgtviccev# T

"01, op tbe tiicp ogd kolgtegogè ptivejee~ev ogd# VP "05, op tbe @G@ ~vihvokkev'

Kiveiev# lg tbe dlve`t blevov`blòc clge ia tbe ~vidu`tlig de~ovtkegt tbeve ove plr pe`tlig

aivekeg# op aiccixp= "l, OT "06, lg tbe klcclgh ko`blgep: "ll, OC "62, lg tbe beot tveotkegt

ogd ~iclpblgh: "lll, OKV "6, lg tbe hvlgdlgh ko`blgep ogd cotbep: "l, OV "0?, lg tbe

~veppep ogd alglpblgh: ogd# ", M^ "00, tbot xop ve~co`lgh tbe @G@ aivekog tbot bod qultted

tbe mif' Tbe lgfiugd cihlptl`p# l'e' ~uv`bope "61, ogd veè~tlig ! ptivohe ia vox kotevlocp"68, lp kogohed f| CD# xbl`b de~egdp avik tbe ^vidu`tlig Kogohev# OC "4,' Tbe iutfiugd

cihlptl`p# l'e' tbe alglpbed ~vidu`t xovebiupe ogd tbe er~edltlig ove kogohed f| ^^ "04, xbi

lp ocpi de~egdegt avik OC "4,'

Tbe xivj ìgpteccotligp

Tbe erlptlgh xivj ìgpteccotligp tbot odd pike bivl}igtoc lgaivkoc acixp ogd ìkkig

lgteveptp avik ~ei~ce tbot xivj tihetbev ti tbe aivkoc evtlòc outbivlt| ptvu`tuve ove# op

aiccixp=

"l, M^ "Kogohlgh Dlve`tiv, * BA "Algogè ogd Odklglptvotle Kogohev, ve`vultlgh

~icl`lep# ~evpiggec pece`tlig# dlp`l~clgov| o`tlig# vekugevotlig ~icl`lep' La tbeve ove

Piuvè=Lg Qlcop+Fiop "6>>>=55,'

Alhuve ?6 Aivkoc acixp ia outbivlt|

M^

OC M^M^BA BA

TA TA TATA

PO PO

OC OOO OOOOO OOKP

CD OC OKV OV OTOKV

VP

^^

Te`bgiptvu`tuve

Pu~~ivt ptoaa

I~evotlgh ìve

Klddceclge

Ptvotehlò~er

"?,

"6, "1,"4,

"0,"5,

"2,"8,"


19/30

?

dlaalùctlep er~evlegèd f| tbe _uoclt| Kogohev "KP, lg oaalvklgh tbe quoclt| lex ogd

~vièduvep'

Algocc|# tbvee t|~ep ia ertevgoc ~veppuvep xeve ldegtlaled# op aiccixp= "l, quoclt| oppuvogè

tbviuhb ùptikev oudltp: "ll, o`qulpltlig ia avepb ò~ltoc avik ertevgoc piuvèp# ogd "lll,

lgduptv| fept ~vo`tlèp# e'h' T_K# @G@ ogd Egtev~vlpe P|ptekp'

Ptvoteh| velplted= Lgaivkotlig p|ptekp)lgaivkotlig te`bgicih| ptvoteh|

Tbe outikotlig ia tbe viutlge `cevlòc ogd kogohekegt topjp ko| ìgtvlfute ti ìpt

vedu`tlig# declev| tlke lk~viekegt# due dote o`bleekegt ogd ti evviv+avee ~vidu`tp' Tbup#

vepiuvèp ko| fe kied ti `vltlòc topjp# op aiccixp= pbi~ aciiv doto ìcce`tlig# e'h' tlke ogd

ottegdogè veìvdlgh# xivj ivdev doto# equl~kegt utlclpotlig blptiv|: lppulgh ia pbi~

diùkegtotlig# veìvdlgh tbe ìgpuk~tlig ogd occiòtlig ti xivj ivdevp ia kotevlocp' O

dotofope tbot ùtp o`vipp tbe peevoc aug`tligoc de~ovtkegtp ia tbe ivhoglpotlig pbiucd

~vilde bivl}igtoc pu~~ivt ti occ tbe fuplgepp ~vièppep ia TLK lg ivdev ti pu~~ivt o kive

o`ùvote ogd veoc+tlke lkohe# ig tbe odklglptvotle plde# ia xbot lp bo~~eglgh lg tbe pbi~

aciiv' Ig tbe itbev bogd# "l, tbe lk~cekegtotlig ia tbe flcc ia kotevlocp# "ll, tbe dealgltlig ia

~vièpplgh i~evotligp# equl~kegt veìvdp ogd pequegèp ia i~evotligp aiv tbe koguao`tuved

kotevlocp# "lll, tbe dealgltlig ogd veceoplgh ia xivj ivdevp# viute pbeetp ogd i~evotlig tl`jetp#

"l, tbe igclge doto hotbevlgh tbviuhb ~vi~ev lg~ut delèp ogd# ", tbe dlp~co|lgh ia tblp

lgaivkotlig lg igclge xivjptotligp# ece`tvigl` ~ogecp et`' ove erok~cep ia ^^@ o`tlltlep

vecoted ti hegevoc doto ìcce`tlig ogd ~vièpplgh o`tlltlep tbot upe tbe LT lgavoptvu`tuve'

Ig tbe itbev bogd# tbe LT lgavoptvu`tuve ~vilde o ìve pu~~ivt ti tbe lgtevao`lgh fetxeeg

tbe ùptikev# tbe eghlgeevlgh de~ovtkegt ogd tbe ~cogt# e'h' tbe te`bglòc doto tvogpo`tlig

tbviuhb lhp# do ogd puva doto aivkot alcep' Tbeve ocpi ove odogtohep xltb vehovd ti

tbe lgtehvotlig fetxeeg tbe te`bglòc ogd tbe odklglptvotle p|ptekp aiv fitb ia tbekogd# ocpi aiv TLK op o xbice' Aiv erok~ce# ^^@ ìucd fegealt avik tbe doto lgtvidu`tlig

ìgèvglgh tbe gex ivdev i~eglgh pu`b op tbe flcc ia kotevlocp ogd# eghlgeevlgh ìucd tojeodogtohe ia i~evotlig pequegèp aiv ìk~igegtp ocveod| dealged ogd quited tbot ìucd fe

uped xltb clttce kidlalòtlig aiv gex ivdevp# e'h' lg tbe ^VT PFU'


21/30

6?

Dlpùpplig

Lk~o`tp ia tbe te`bglòc p|ptek# ertevgoc eglvigkegt ogd# ohe ogd pl}e

Tbe kidecp ia Tbik~pig ogd êvvix pbix ohveekegt xltb tbe dllplig ia tbe PFUplgti txi `cuptevp' Ige `cuptev lp kode u~ f| tbe P^T PFU ogd lp vecoted ti tbe viutlge ogd

cigh+clgjed te`bgicihlep' Tbe itbev lg`cudep tbe vekolglgh PFUp ogd lp vecoted ti tbe gig+viutlge ogd lgtegple te`bgicihlep' Tbepe algdlghp ohvee xltb tbe igep ìklgh avik tbeertevgoc eglvigkegt xbl`b velgaivèp tbe ovhulgh aiv tbe geed ti p~clt tbe txi `cuptevp'

Tbe ùvvegt ve~coèkegt ia icd equl~kegt f| @G@# ptveppep o kiekegt tixovdp o kive

ivhogl` ptvu`tuve' Kiveiev# tbe puhheptlig ia kutuoc odmuptkegt ogd deègtvoclped ptvu`tuvep

aiv `cuptev ? ohveep xltb fitb deègtvoclped ^^@ geedp ogd vice lgtehvotlig aiv tblp `cuptev#

op o ìgpequegè ia tbe uped OKT# o`ìvdlgh ti Alhuve ?0' Lg tbe poke xo|# tbe puhheptlig

ia dlve`t pu~evlplig ogd kive ègtvoclped ptvu`tuvep aiv `cuptev 6 ohveep xltb fitb

ègtvoclped ~cogglgh f| kogohev ogd pu~evlpiv bogdclgh pbi~ aciiv lppuep' Tblp lp ocpi

puhhepted lg Alhuve ?0 aiv cepp ~vidu`t ovloflclt| ogd pkoccev gukfev ia ~vidu`tp# l'e' tbe

òpe ia `cuptev 6' Lg pukkov|# tbeve lp ohveekegt fetxeeg tbe eaae`tp ig tbe ptvu`tuve ia

fitb tbe ertevgoc eglvigkegt ogd OKT upe'

Lg oddltlig# tbepe algdlghp er~cl`ltc| ptvepp tbe geed aiv tbe odo~totlig ia tbe xivj ì+

ivdlgotlgh ke`boglpkp ti tbe PFUp op ovhued aiv# xbeg tbe ohe ogd pl}e lk~evotle xop

~veliupc| ogoc|ped' Tbup# tbeve lp ìk~cete ohveekegt xltb tbe algdlghp ìgèvglgh tbe

ohe ogd pl}e pe`tlig'Algocc|# tbe t|~e ia ò~o`lt| lg`vekegt ogd tbe ~itegtloc ia TLK te`bgicih| aiv

dllplflclt| ia tbe te`bglòc p|ptek pu~~ivt tbe ~ipplflclt| ia lk~cekegtotlig tbe ocveod|`vipp+`be`jed ldeo ia tbe txi `cuptevp'

Lk~o`tp vehovdlgh tbe ùvvegt ptvu`tuve op o vepuct ia tbe ~ottevgp ~uvpued

Aivkoc ogd lgaivkoc clolpig vicep ove og lk~ivtogt keogp ia ìgtvic tbot klhbt ìk~cete ev|xecc tbe aivkoc ìgtvic ~vièduvep' Aiv erok~ce# pike i~~ivtugltlep aiv itbev xivj

Piuvè= @blcd "?


22/30

66

ìgpteccotligp xeve aiugd# op aiccixp=

"l, M^ "Kogohlgh Dlve`tiv# Eghlgeevlgh, * BA "Algogè ogd Odklglptvotle Kogohev, *OC "^vidu`tlig Kogohev, * KP "_uoclt| Kogohev, ~evaivkogè oppeppkegt:

vekugevotlig ~icl`lep: ìk~utotlig ia tbe ko`blge biuv votep: ò~o`lt| ~icl`lep# l'e'

ertvo tlke# pblatp# pufìgtvo`tlgh: doto ìcce`tlig ~vièduvep: deeci~kegt ia kuctl+pjlcced i~evotivp: o`tlltlep ti ptveghtb tbe ivhoglpotligoc ùctuve: T_K ~icl`lep et`'

Tbeve pbiucd fe dlaaevegt vequlvekegtp aiv tbe ceodevpbl~ ia tbe peevoc lppuep# e'h'

xblce ~evaivkogè lppuep ìucd fe ced f| BA# T_K lppuep pbiucd fe ced f| KP'

"ll, M^ "Eghlgeevlgh, * OC "^vidu`tlig Kogohev, * KP "_uoclt| Kogohev, quoclt|oppuvogè ptvoteh| ogd ~vièduvep# dekogdp ogd geedp ia tbe ùptikevp# quoclt|

~evaivkogè# igtlguiup lk~viekegt# et`'

Kivieev# OC lp o ev| ~vohkotl` ^vidu`tlig Kogohev tbot clgjp xltb tbe Pe`tlig Aivekeg

aiccixlgh o klred xivj ì+ivdlgotlgh ke`boglpk kode u~ ia fitb dlve`t pu~evlplig ogd

kutuoc odmuptkegt' @igpequegtc|# tbe ptvu`tuve ia tbe TLK koguao`tuvlgh p|ptek lp

kolgc| ivhogl`# feòupe ia tbe aiccixlgh veopigp= "l, ùptiklped potlpao`tlig ia tbe ùptikevgeedp: "ll, plhglalògtc| dlevplaled i~evotligp vequlvekegtp: "lll, deègtvoclpotlig ia te`bglòc

jgixcedhe: "l, deègtvoclpotlig ia de`lplig+kojlgh ~ixev: ", lg`veoplgh tvegd ig tbe

i~evotlgh ìve tixovdp ~viaeppligocp# l'e' tixovdp o de`veope lg p~e`loclpotlig: "l, ptvigh mif

ìk~etltlig aiv vepiuvè ottegtlig: "ll, ~veaevegè aiv cotevoc)bivl}igtoc ìkkuglòtlig

xltblg tbe kogohekegt clge blevov`b|: "lll, ~veaevegè aiv lgaivkoc ìkkuglòtlig: "lr,

`cipe vecotligpbl~ fetxeeg clge kogohekegt ogd te`bgiptvu`tuve: "r, `cipegepp ia tbe

ptvotehl` o~er: "rl, kutuoc `vipp+pu~~ivt okigh ockipt eev|fid|: "rll, veceogè ia tbe

~evpigoc ogd lgdllduoc vecotligpbl~p# votbev tbog ci|oct|# aivkoclt| ogd ptvl`t dlp`l~clge: "rlll,

lgdllduoc ìkkltkegt votbev tbog ifclhotlig: "rl, ìgtlguiup veodmuptkegt ia topj

dealgltlig votbev tbog alred ogd cigh copt ifme`tlep: ogd# lg pukkov|# "r, kog| ìgacl`tp ia

lgtevept' Kiveiev# tbe vice ia tbe xivj ìgpteccotligp lp veceogt op vehovdp alcclgh tbe ho~p ia

tbe aivkoc ptvu`tuve ogd ocpi# lg ~vildlgh tbe acerlflclt| vequlved f| tbe ivhogl` ptvu`tuve' Og

i~~iplte tvegd ìgèvgp tbe ~ovtl`l~otlig ia M^ lg ~vo`tlòcc| occ tbe xivj ìgpteccotligp#

xbl`b lp o plhgoc ia ègtvoclpotlig ia pike ia tbe de`lplig+kojlgh ogd ocpi# ia tbe geedp ia

~ixev ia tbe kekfevp' Dep~lte tbe cottev lppue# tbe ivhogl` tvegd lg tbe ptvu`tuve ciijp

o~~vi~vlote ti tbe ^VT# ÔV ogd PÔ PFUp ogd lt ohveep xltb tbe ~veliup algdlghp

aiv tbe te`bglòc p|ptek# ertevgoc eglvigkegt ogd ohe ! pl}e'Xltb vehovd ti P^T# tbeve lp og ek~ixeved eghlgeev lg `bovhe tbot ocpi lp tbelv pocepkog

"OO,' OO ocpi ~evaivkp o ~vihvepp `bopev vice# kogohep tbe P^T pti`jp# ciijp oatev tbe

~vidu`t quoclt| ogd kogohep tbe ùptikev ivdevp' Tblp lp o ègtvoclped ke`boglpk ia dlve`t

pu~evlplig tbot clep iutplde tbe aivkoc outbivlt| acixp ia tbe ~cogt fut tbot bop feegaiugd o hiid xo| ti oppuve tbe o`ìk~clpbkegt ia tbe P^T alred plghce `|`ce ivdev ia ige

xeej' Lt pbiucd fe odded tbot tblp ~vièduve bop vepucted aolvc| xecc xltblg tbe ivhogl`

ptvu`tuve# uplgh o pu`èppauc kutuoc odmuptkegt xo| ti deoc xltb tbe ^vidu`tlig Kogohev' Ti

puk u~# tbe algdlghp ìgèvglgh tbe ~uvpued ~opt ~ottevgp ~vilde auvtbev ìgalvkotlig

ia tbe ~veliup algdlghp vecotlgh ti tbe dlaaevegt geedp ia `cuptev 6'Bixeev# o algoc focogè oddvepplgh TLK fuplgepp op o xbice# pbixp tbot tbeve lp og

lk~ivtogt ho~ ìgèvglgh tbe lk~cekegtotlig ia aivkoc ~vièduvep ti oppepp tbe~evaivkogè# ~evbo~p due ti tbe lgerlptegè ia vehucoted acixp ia lgaivkotlig' Lg ao`t# tbeveove pike gig+viutlge# gig+~vihvokked ogd lgaivkoc ~vièppep tbot pu~~ivt od+bi` de`lpligp

iutplde tbe eptofclpbed ~vièduvep xbl`b lk~o`t tbe givkoc aug`tliglgh ia tbe ivhoglpotlig'

Ige erok~ce lp tbe o`è~togè ia ùptikev evfoc ivdevp ti ~viduè PÔ xltbiut tojlgh lgtiìgpldevotlig tbe erlptlgh ko`blge ciodlgh queuep' O`tuocc|# ìccofivotivp xiucd votbev


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25/30

65

Lk~o`tp vehovdlgh tbe LP)LT ptvoteh|

Ugdev o ptvl`t to`tlòc lex# tbe LT lgavoptvu`tuve lp veceogt ti tbe lk~cekegtotlig ogd

~evaivkogè ia tbe xivj ì+ivdlgotlgh ke`boglpk tbot lp tbe ptogdovdlpotlig ia tbevepuctp feòupe lt egofcep o xivjlgh fope aiv tbe lk~cekegtotlig ia tbe ìpt ìgtvic# quoclt|ìgtvic ogd ^^@ ~vièduvep'

Lg TLK# LT bop git bod og er~cl`ltc| oppuked ptvotehlòc o~~vio`b# feòupe: "l, lt bop

bod aug`tligoc o~~vio`bep# l'e' tbe eghlgeevlgh ìgèvgp boe feeg tveoted lg o ev| dlaaevegt

xo| avik tbe odklglptvotle igep: ogd# "ll, tbe er~egpe lg LT# ep~e`locc| aiv odklglptvotle

~uv~ipep# lp git |et peeg op og o ptvotehl` lgeptkegt' Ig tbe itbev bogd# tbe ottltudetixovdp LT bop feìklgh kive ptvotehl`# dep~lte |et lgaivkocc|# op aiccixp= "l, tbe

okiugt ia ò~ltoc lgepted lg LT bop feeg òcclgh tbe ottegtlig ia tbe ti~ kogohekegt: "ll, tbe

LT lgeptkegtp lg tbe te`bglòc p|ptekp ove `ceovc| peov`blgh ti pu~~ivt tbe ìk~etltle

odogtohe ia tbe fuplgepp: ogd "lll, tbe ìk~og| lp fitb kive lgiced lg feg`bkovjlgh

erev`lpep xltb tbe ìk~etltivp ogd lg ciijlgh aiv LT pu~~ivt ti ievìke tbe aiugd

xeojgeppep'

@OD# @OD)@OK ogd @G@ ko`blgep ove je| i~evotligoc p|ptekp "JIP,# xltblg tbe~ivtaicli ti `coppla| lgaivkotlig p|ptekp "e'h' Alhuve ?5,' @iptlgh p|ptekp ove ocpi aiugd

JIP feòupe tbe| ove vecoted ti tbe cix ìpt ptvoteh| ~uvpued f| TLK ogd pi# tbe| ove

vequlved aiv tbe do|+ti+do| xivjlgh ia tbe ivhogl}otlig' Bixeev# fitb ^^@ ogd quoclt|

oppuvogè xeve ìgpldeved op ptvotehl` o~~clòtligp tbot bod git feeg ofpicutec|

vequlved aiv tbe do|+ti+do| i~evotlig ugtlc tbe tlke ia òvv|lgh iut tbe alecd xivj# futtbe| klhbt boe o plhglalògt lk~o`t lg fitb tbe ivhoglpotligoc ptvu`tuve ogd tbe `vltlòcpu`èpp ao`tivp'

Keogxblce# txi kolg lppuep ovlpe' Alvpt ia occ# ti~ kogohevp ia TLK ove ev| ku`b

oxove tbot o plhglalògt LT lgeptkegt xiucd vlpe tbe odklglptvotle ievbeodp ti pu`bblhb ceecp tbot lt ìucd vepuct ig lg`veoplgh tbe fuplgepp fveoj+eeg ~ilgt' Lg tuvg# tblp

xiucd `boghe tbe ìk~etltle ~ipltlig ia tbe ìk~og|# ~evbo~p# ~upblgh lt oxo| avik tbe~uvpued hegevl` cix ìpt ptvoteh|' Ig tbe itbev bogd# tbeve lp o geed avik LT pu~~ivt ogd

lgeptkegt ti ~ut lgti ~coè tbe p|ptekp ~vedl`ted f| tbe èvtlalòtlig ~vièpp' Lg ao`t#

focog`lgh tbepe txi lgteveptp lp git og eop| ptvotehl` topj feòupe lt lp geltbev kevec|quogtltotle# giv lt òggit bogh oviugd xltbiut dlve`tlig'

Peìgdc|# TLK pbiucd vekekfev pike fod er~evlegèp ia tbe ôpt# e'h' tbe pece`tlig ogd

lk~cekegtotlig ia tbe ìk~utev+olded ~vidu`tlig kogohekegt ~o`johe H^K' Lg ao`t# tbe

lk~cekegtotlig ia fitb lgaivkotlig p|ptekp ogd lgaivkotlig te`bgicihlep pbiucd~uvpue o ptvotehl` o~~vio`b' Tblp ~otb pbiucd ocpi toje lgti ìgpldevotlig pike ~i~ucov LT

~icl`lep# op aiccixp= iutpiuv`lgh# dixgpl}lgh# ceho`| p|ptekp# vice ia tbe LP)LT de~ovtkegt#

~vime`t eocuotlig# upe ia xef+foped piatxove# ptogdovdl}otlig# ùptikl}otlig ogd ~vi~vletov|

p|ptekp# peùvlt|# okigh itbevp' Tbe korlkuk òve pbiucd fe tojeg# igè tbot xvigh`bilèp ia tbepe ptvotehl` p|ptekp ko| eeg tbveot tbe ìk~og| puvloc'


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61

@ig`cupligp

Clgjp xltb tbe vepeov`b ~vi~ipltligp

Tbe ve~ivted o~~vio`b ti tbe lgduptvloc òpe ptud| xop aiùped ig tbe koguao`tuvlgh topj ia

TLK# dlp`vlklgoted f| tbe PFUp ogd tbeg# vecoted ti tbe ìk~etltle eglvigkegt' Tbup# tbe

detevklgogtp ia tbe ivhoglpotligoc ptvu`tuve ia TLK xeve ogoc|ped tojlgh lgti ìgpldevotligtbe veìkkegdotligp ìgèvglgh tbe ìgè~tuoc ~ipltliglgh ia ^^@ alvpt ~vi~ipltlig ofiut

tbe veceogè ia ^^@ ~vièduvep'

Kiveiev# tbe detevklgogtp ia tbe ivhoglpotligoc ptvu`tuve ia TLK xeve ocpi ogoc|ped

tojlgh lgti ìgpldevotlig tbe veìkkegdotligp ìgèvglgh ptvu`tuvoc ìghvuegè ogd

ìgè~tuoc ìgplpteg`| lppuep cofeced op "l,# "ll,# "lll, ogd "l, op dealged lg tbe peìgd

~vi~ipltlig ofiut tbe veceogè ia ^^@ ~vièduvep' Lg oddltlig# auvtbev xivj ìk~cete tbe

ogoc|plp ia tbe peìgd ~vi~ipltlig oddvepplgh tbe ìgè~tuoc ìgplpteg`| fetxeeg ^^@ ogd

occ tbe vekolglgh deplhg ~ovoketevp ia tbe koguao`tuvlgh p|ptek ia TLK lppue cofeced op

",' Auvtbev xivj pbiucd ocpi ogoc|pe tbe ìgplpteg`| fetxeeg ^^@ ogd occ tbe vekolglgh

deplhg ~ovoketevp xltb vehovd ti tbelv lk~cekegtotlig ogd i~evotlig l'e' tbe tblvd

~vi~ipltlig'

Op ofie kegtliged# tbe veìkkegdotligp vecoted ti tbe ~vi~ipltlig ofiut ^^@

ìghvueg`| xeve ìgpldeved xbeg oddvepplgh tbe veocl}ed ptvoteh| ia tbe fuplgepp' Lg ao`t#

tbe ti~+dixg ogoc|plp tbot xop ~veliupc| òvvled iut ottek~ted ti pbix tbe lk~o`t ia tbe

ùvvegt ptotup ia tbe TLK detevklgogtp ig tbe veceogt ~ovoketevp ia tbe dealgltlig ia ltp

koguao`tuvlgh p|ptek' Op auvtbev xivj# tbe o~~vio`b pbiucd fe veevped# l'e' o fittik+u~

ogoc|plp foped ig tbe deplhg ~ovoketevp ia tbe koguao`tuvlgh p|ptek pbiucd `vipp+`be`j ogd

lp ocpi er~e`ted ti ìgpicldote tbe ~veliup ti~+dixg algdlghp# aiùplgh ig tbe ~evp~e`tle ia

^^@'

O`ìvdlgh ti tbe ~ovohvo~b ig ìgtvic ~vièduvep tbot aiccixp# tblp ~o~ev bop ocveod|

~vepegted plhglalògt algdlghp tbot ek~lvlòcc| ìgalvk tbe vequlvekegt aiv ìgplpteg`|fetxeeg tbe lk~cekegtotlig ogd i~evotlig ia deplhg ~ovoketevp' Tblp t|~e ia ìgplpteg`| lp

ptoted f| tbe tblvd vepeov`b ~vi~ipltlig'

Ek~lvlòc algdlghp igèvglgh tbe koguao`tuvlgh p|ptekp ptvu`tuve

Tblp ~o~ev ve~ivtp tbe ldegtlalòtlig ia dlaaevegt PFUp aiv TLK ogd tbelv `copplalòtlig

o`ìvdlgh ti plhglalògt dlaaevegèp fitb lg tevkp ia ~vidu`tp ogd ìk~etltle ptvotehlep

"Alhuve 5,' Tbepe ìucd vequlve dlaaevegt t|~ep ia ^^@ ~vièduvep ogd)iv dlaaevegt ptvu`tuvep

aiv tbe koguao`tuvlgh p|ptek' Auvtbevkive# tbe PFUp ìucd fe hviu~ed lgti txi `cuptevp

o`ìvdlgh ti tbe kovjet dlkegpligp ugdev velex "Alhuve 2,# l'e' dlevplt|# ìk~cerlt|#

ptoflclt| ogd biptlclt|'

Lg oddltlig# tbe txi dlaaevegt t|~ep ia ptvu`tuvep tbot xeve aiugd odequote ti aucalcc tbegeedp ia eo`b ia tbe `cuptevp "Alhuve 5, xeve ocpi ìgalvked f| tbe t|~e ia te`bglòc p|ptek

"Alhuve 2 ogd Alhuve ?>,# f| tbe upe ia OKTp ogd# hegevocc|# f| tbe cighltudlgoc ~vihvepp ia

tbe xivj+ìivdlgotlgh ke`boglpkp o`vipp tlke' Kiveiev# tbe uped te`bgicih| xop ocpi

aiugd eoplc| dllplfce# xbl`b ptveghtbeg tbe ~itegtloc aiv TLK dllpligoclpotlig o`ìvdlgh ti

tbe ~veliupc| kegtliged cuptevp'

Eeg xltbiut ~b|plòcc| dlaaevegt ~veklpep# pike i~evotivp ocveod| tegd ti xivj kipt ia

tbelv tlke ti `cuptev 6 tbot ocpi bop ltp ixg ~vihvepp `bopev tbot lp tbe eghlgeev pocepkog' Lg

oddltlig# p~e`loc tiicp vequlve p~e`loc aiccixlgh+u~ ~vièduvep ti oild klrlgh xltb tbe itbev

~vidu`tp ogd pi# klpplgh tbe alred declev| tlkep ia ige xeej'


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68

Ek~lvlòc algdlghp igèvglgh tbe igtvic ~vièduvep

Tbe aivkoc ìgtvic ~vièduvep ia tbe ptvu`tuve# l'e' ^^@# quoclt| ogd ìpt ìgtvic# xeve ptlcc

aiugd lk~cekegted lg o ev| lgaivkoc xo|' Tbe tvodltlig bop aoiuved quocltotle lgaivkoc

p|ptekp# bukogp op tbe kolg xo| ti ptive ogd ~vièpp lgaivkotlig# og ivhogl` ptvu`tuve#

pkocc ievbeodp ogd o cix fveoj+eeg ~ilgt'

Geevtbecepp# veceogt ertevgoc ~veppuve ti lk~cekegt aivkoc ~evaivkogè oppeppkegt

p`bekep xop ogtl`l~oted' Tblp ~veppuve lp avik fitb tbe ùptikevp ogd avik ~vip~e`tle gex

pbovebicdevp# op xecc op avik tbe geedp hegevoted f| tbe o`qulpltlig ia itbev alvkp' Kiveiev#

lt bop vepucted lgti aug`tligocc| lpicoted lgltlotlep lg tbe quoclt| oppuvogè èvtlalòtlig tbot

ko| òupe o gehotle lk~o`t ig ^^@ tbot lp vequlvlgh uvhegt ìvve`tlig ti oild o aopblig

eaae`t'

Tbe lk~cekegtotlig ia tbe ìgtvic ~vièduvep l'e' kolgc| ^^@ ogd quoclt| ìgtvic boe

er~evlegèd dlaalùctlep lg tbe ôpt ogd pbiucd ocpi er~e`t tviufcep lg tbe Autuve due ti o

ptvigh lgtehvotle ìk~og| ùctuve ogd due ti tbe ottltude ia tbe txi kipt lgacuegtloc

kekfevp# l'e' M^ ogd OC'

Lg oddltlig# og| lk~cekegtotlig eaaivt tovhetlgh tbe ìgtvic ~vièduvep xlcc geed tbei~evotligoc pu~~ivt ia LT ogd tbe deeci~kegt ia o ptvotehlòcc| aoiuvofce eglvigkegt ti LP

~vihvepp'

Pukkov| ia tbe algdlghp

Tbe kolg algdlghp ia tbe ve~ivted ek~lvlòc erev`lpe ove# op aiccixp=

"l, ^b|plòc ogd i~evotligoc geedp ti dllpligoclpe lgti tbe txi `cuptevp tbot xeve aiugd'Tblp keogp o gex vecotligpbl~ fetxeeg tbe ìgtlgheg`| ao`tivp ogd ^^@

lk~cekegtotlig ogd i~evotlig tbot pbiucd fe ìgpldeved lg ~vi~ipltlig 0'

"ll, Vequlvekegtp aiv deeci~lgh aivkoc ìgtvic ~vièduvep# l}' ^^@# quoclt| ìgtvic ogdìpt ìgtvic' Lg ~ovtlùcov# ^^@ pbiucd fe ùptiklped ti tbe dlaaevegt PFU geedp' @ipt

ìgtvic pbiucd ~vilde tbe fope aiv tbe tvodltligoc quogtltotle ~evaivkogè oppeppkegtti fe lk~cekegted'

"lll, O`è~togè ia tbe veceogè ti deeci~ tbe ìgtvic ~vièduvep xltblg tbe pì~e ogd tbehuldogè ia tbe ~veliupc| pet ~vi~ipltligp ofiut ighvuegè ogd ìgplpteg`|'

"l, Fitb tbe xivj ìgpteccotligp ogd tbe dllpligoclpotlig òggit egtlvec| ve~coè tbeiutìkep avik tbe ìgtvic ~vièduvep ogd lè+evpo' Tbe| di boe dlaaevegt vicep'

Tbeveaive# occ ia tbepe ke`boglpkp xlcc fe ciijed op ìk~cekegtov| ogd tbelv vicep

pbiucd fe ugdevptiid xltblg o dloce`tlòc lex ogd pi# ~vikitlgh ìgevhegè git

ìk~etltlig okigh tbek'

", Geed ti aivkucote o ptvotehl` de`lplig xltb vehovd ti dllpligoclpotlig foped ig o blhbevxivjlgh fveoj+eeg ~ilgt ogd ìgpequegt geed ia fuplgepp hvixtb# op xecc op# ig tbe

ìk~etltle eglvigkegt ~vihvepp'

"l, Lccuptvotlig ia tbe upe ia tbe lppuep ceodlgh tbe egqulvlgh queptligp# ìklgh iut iatbeivetlòc ocldotlig erev`lpe# ti pu`èppaucc| veìhglpe ~itegtloc `boghe# ti deeci~ o

ceovglgh ~vièpp ti `coppla| `boghe op deplvofce)ugdeplvofce e'h'lde ofie "l,# "ll,#

"lll, ogd "l, ogd ti ptovt ldegtla|lgh ~icltlòc)pi`loc lppuep ti `be`j xbl`b deplvofce

`boghe ~vièpp xop uctuvocc| aeoplfce)ugaeoplfce e'h'lde ofie# ~ovohvo~b ",'

Lg clge xltb tbe tbeivetlòc ocldotlig ia tbe ìgè~tuoc avokexivj "Qlcop+Fiop# 6>>


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62

Algoc ig`cuplig

Lg pukkov|# tbe ìgalvkotiv| ~uv~ipe ia tblp egqulv| pbiucd fe ugdevptiid xltblg tblp

ìgtert# op aiccixp= og er~e`ted veceogè ia tbe ^^@ ~vièduvep ldegtlaled f| tbeo~~clòtlig ia o tbeivetlòcc| ocldoted ìgè~tuoc kidec# lg ivdev ti deeci~ ogd

lk~vie ugdevptogdlgh ia o p~e`lal` pltuotlig' Tbup# tbe veceogè ia tbe ^^@~vièduvep aiugd f| tbe o~~clòtlig ia o dlohgiptl` `be`jclpt tbot lp tbe iutìklgh ~ovt

ia tbe ocldoted ìgè~tuoc kidec xop tbiviuhbc| dlpùpped xltblg tbe ìgtert ia tbe

pltuotlig' Lg tbe pì~e ia tblp lgeptlhotlig# gi quogtltotle aeedfo`j keopuvekegtp xeve

tojeg# lg ivdev ti ocldote tbe vepeov`b iutìkep' Op ~veliupc| ptoted tblp xop og i~tlig ia

tbe vepeov`b deplhg'

Kiveiev# tbe ptvotehl` lk~o`t ia tblp ek~lvlòc tept lp er~e`ted ti fe plhglalògt# feòupe

tbe erev`lpe lp `cipec| clgjed ti tbe ptvotehl` lppuep ia tbe fuplgepp' Tbup# o ìgtvlfutlig ti tbe

`veotlig ia dlptlg`tle ìk~etltle odogtohe lp o cehltlkote er~e`ted iutìke' Ig tbe itbev

bogd# kipt ia tbe ceovglgh ogd dlpùpplig xltb vehovd ti tbe velexlgh ia tbe L@P@

ptvu`tuve xiucd boe feeg cipt# la igc| vloc ^^@ fept ~vo`tlè o~~vio`bep xeve

aiccixed' Tbup# lt klhbt fe ìg`cuded tbot# ot alvpt plhbt# tbe ketbidicih| ciijp upeauc# otceopt# aiv tblp L@P@'Lg ao`t# tbe ~vepegted ek~lvlòc tept ~vilded o plhglalògt ìgalvkotlig ia tbe upeaucgepp

ia tbe egqulv| tiic ti o~~vio`b tbe ivhoglpotlig `boghe lg og lgde~egdegt xo| fut aiùplgh

ig tbe fuplgepp lgtevept' Lgdeed# tbe defote hegevoted ofiut ~ipplfce `boghep xltblg tbe

~evèled ~vifcek pltuotlig aiccixlgh o ti~+dixg lex ced ti o ìgtlguiup dlpùpplig ia

tbe ~itegtloc `boghep ti tbe koguao`tuvlgh p|ptekp ptvu`tuve' Tbup# tbe ìgpequegt veceogt

ceovglgh tbot vepucted ofiut tbe vepeov`b pltuotlig ced ti tbe p~e`lal` ldegtlalòtlig ia deplvofce

o`tlig ti fe tojeg xltb vehovd ti tbe ^^@ topj'

Veaevegèp

Fevv|# X' ogd Blcc# T' "?>6,' P|ptekotl` ìkflglgh= og ofdu`tle o~~vio`b# Miuvgoc iafuplgepp vepeov`b# 56# ~~' 550+51>'

Hike}# ^' "?


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30/30

O~~egdlr ? ertvo`t ia tbe lppuep ti fe ìeved lg tbe lgtevlex xltb tbe Kogohlgh Dlve`tiv

Lg hegevoc# tbe Kogohlgh Dlve`tiv "KD, vice lp kiptc| `bovo`tevlped f| o ptvotehl` o`tllt|#

òvvled iut ig tbe kedluk)cigh tevk bivl}ig ogd kojlgh de`lpligp tbot oaae`t tbe xbice

ivhoglpotlig' Bixeev# lt pbiucd fe ptvepped tbot tbe ptvotehl` dealgltlig pbiucd fe ~ovt ia o

teok erev`lpe aiv tbe Fiovd ia Dlve`tivp# eeg lg tbe egtve~vegeuvloc eglvigkegt ia o PKE'Tbe aiccixlgh ove tbe op~e`tp tbot xeve aiugd veceogt ti dlpùpp xltb tbe Kogohlgh Dlve`tiv

lg ivdev ti algd iut blp lex ia tbe fuplgepp' Tbepe ti~l`p ~vilded ivlegtotlig ogd

huldogè ti o pekl+ptvu`tuved lgtevlex'

Lgltloc dep`vl~tlig ia tbe aug`tlig

+ Dealgltlig ia tbe topj: fvlea dep`vl~tlig ia tbe kipt plhglalògt o`tlltlep:+ Ldegtlalòtlig ia tbe ìgtvlfutlig ti tbe ìve ìk~eteg`lep ogd ìk~etltle odogtohe

ia tbe alvk:

+ Dealgltlig ia aug`tligoc clgjp ogd ìkkuglòtlig:+ Dep`vl~tlig ia tbe ìve keogp ogd tiicp vequlved ti di tbe mif'

@bovo`tevlpotlig ia fitb tbe ìk~etltle ogd lgtevgoc ìgtertp

+ Vequlvekegtp aiv tbe ivhoglpotlig

Fuplgepp# ivhoglpotlig:

Vice ia ~ei~ce:

^vidu`tp:

Lgaivkotlig P|ptekp)Lgaivkotlig Te`bgicih|'

+ Ertevgoc eglvigkegt

O~~vio`b tbe ertevgoc eglvigkegt ia fitb tbe PFUp ogd xbice ìk~og|' Eglvigkegt dlkegpligp:

Lgdlòtivp ia hcifocl}otlig:

Feboliuv ia tbe kovjetp:

Uped vepiuvèp:

Te`bgicih| ~vihvepp:

Dlpùpp tbe eglvigkegt lk~evotle'

+ Ohe ogd pl}e

Detevklge tbe plhgocp veace`tlgh tbe ivhoglpotlig ohe:

Ivhoglpotlig pl}e= ~b|plòc ò~o`lt|: oolcofce ~evpiggec: lg~utp ogd iut~utp:

vepiuvèp: p~e`loclpt pu~~ivt: tbe lgicekegt ia pegliv kogohevp: ~ei~ce

lgiced lg plhglalògt de`lplig kojlgh: tlke oolcofce aiv ti~ kogohevp ti

tblgj: ixgevp vice: ertevgoc ìgtvic: kogohekegt ~ipltligp# uglt dlkegplig#

vep~igplflcltlep# dlaaevegtlotlig ogd odklglptvotle ìk~igegt: ivhoglpotligoc

topjp: ptvu`tuvoc ìk~igegtp: bikihegelt| ogd betevihegelt|: ievbeodp ogd

eìgiklep ia pòce'

Dlpùpp tbe ohe ! pl}e lk~evotle'

et`

Tbe vekolglgh ia tbeLgtevlex Hulde òg fe o`èpped lg Plco "6>>6= 412,'

rent - empirical test of a conceptual model to find relevant ppc procedures to strategic...

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