renewable energy resources in pakistan
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Group no.112-NTU-1014 MUHAMMAD BILAL12-NTU-1037 SHAKEEL AHMAD 12-NTU-1040 TOUSEEF AHMAD12-NTU-1034 SAQIB MEHMOOD
12-NTU-1043 ZEESHAN SAJID
![Page 3: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Topic
Resources of Renewable
Energy
![Page 4: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Presenter
Zeeshan Sajid
12-NTU-1043
![Page 5: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Renewable Energy
Renewable energy is generally defined as
energy that comes from resources which
are naturally replenished on a human
timescale such as sunlight, wind, rain,
tides, waves and geothermal heat.
![Page 6: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
History
Nearly all the sources of energy were renewable till mid of 19th century
The oldest renewable source of energy was biomass to fuel fire
Second one harnessing the wind to drive the ship over water
![Page 7: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
History
In the mid of 19th century
development of coal shifted the
sources of energy
By 1873, concerns of running out
of coal prompted experiments
with using solar energy
![Page 8: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
History Development of solar engines continued until the outbreak of World War I.
![Page 9: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
IntroductionThere are many different sources of renewable
energy
These sources are listed below.
![Page 10: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE
WIND POWER
SOLAR ENERGY
GEOTERMAL ENERGY
HYDROELETRIC POWER
BIOMASS
GAS NATURAL*
NUCLEAR ENERGY*
![Page 11: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Presenter
Shakeel Ahmad
12-NTU-1037
![Page 12: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Wind Energy
![Page 13: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Wind energy
• Moving air = wind
• Energy that got from a wind is called wind energy
• Wind turbines are used for getting energy
![Page 14: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Wind Turbines
• Turbine blades spin from
the wind and make
energy
• Wind rotates the turbine
blades which spins a
shaft connected to a
generator
• The spinning of the shaft
in the generator makes
electricity
![Page 15: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Wind energy
Each wind turbine can produce between 0.25 to 2 MW of electrical power.
Wind farm needs to be located where there is a relatively high average wind speed.
It requires 15km/hr speed of wind
![Page 16: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Wind Turbine Power
P = 1/2 x rho x A x Cp x V3 x Ng x Nb
P = power in watts (746 watts = 1 hp)
rho = air density (about 1.225 kg/m3 at sea level.A = rotor swept area, exposed to the wind (m2)Cp = Coefficient of performanceV = wind speed in meters/secNg = generator efficiency
Nb = gearbox/bearings efficiency.
![Page 17: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Capacity of wind power in world
![Page 18: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Determining Factors
WIND SPEED
TURBINE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
RATED CAPACITY OF THE TURBINE
EXACT LOCATION
IMPROVEMENTS IN TURBINE DESIGN
![Page 19: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Potential of wind energy in Pakistan
The wind map developed by National Renewable Energy
Laboratory has indicated a potential of 346,000 MW in Pakistan.
In Sindh and Balochistan there is a potential of more than
50,000MW
Total Area of Sindh suitable for wind farms = 9749 km2
Average Capacity Factor of this area in Sindh = 25%
![Page 20: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Punjab has potential of 1000MW
First wind power generation plant of 50 MW was inaugurated in December 2012 and started full production in 2013.
![Page 21: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• Environmental benefits
•No fuel needed
•it is a pollution-free,
•it doesn’t produce toxic or radioactive waste•Distributed power
• Remote locations
![Page 22: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Presenter
Muhammad Bilal
12-NTU-1014
![Page 23: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
What is geothermal energy
Geothermal energy is thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth
Thermal energy is the energy that determines the temperature of matter.
![Page 24: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Geo thermal energy
![Page 25: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Geo thermal energy
The heat that used for geo thermal energy can be
derived from deep within earth
Heat conducts from core to sorrounding rock
High temp and pressure cause rock to melt which
is called “Magma”
Magma converts upwards
![Page 26: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
World Wide Use of Geothermal
Energy
![Page 27: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Geo thermal power plant
![Page 29: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
World wide usage of Geothermal energy
![Page 31: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Presenter
Sayed Touseef Ahmad
12-NTU-1040
![Page 32: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Solar Energy Solar energy is,
simply, energy provided by the
sun. This energy is in the form of
solar radiation, which makes the
production of solar electricity
possible. Electricity can be
produced directly from
photovoltaic, PV, cells.
(Photovoltaic literally means “light”
and “electric.”
![Page 33: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Solar energyThe energy utilized from sun light is called
solar energy
There are two methods for harvesting solar
energy
Concentrating Solar thermal Plant(CSP)
Photovoltaic plants(PV)
![Page 34: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
CSP
![Page 35: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Solar photovoltaic plants
![Page 36: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Earth’s Solar Energy Budget
![Page 37: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
World Wide Usage of Solar Energy
![Page 38: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
SOLAR RADIATION IN PAKISTAN
![Page 39: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Presenter
Saqib Mehmood
12-NTU-1034
![Page 40: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Hydro Power
![Page 41: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
HydropowerHydropower is the cheapest way to produce
electricity.
Currently largest source of electricity from renewables.
Kinetic energy of water rotates turbines which
generate electricity.
![Page 42: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Hydro power installed around
the world
![Page 43: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Electricity from Hydropower in Pakistan
![Page 44: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Province Wise Installed Hydropower
Capacity
![Page 45: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Total Hydropower Resources
![Page 46: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: Renewable energy resources in pakistan](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022032420/55a528d51a28abd3588b45ac/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)