renewable energy nov 19. wind power vertical axis machine horizontal axis machine
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Renewable Energy
Nov 19
![Page 2: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Wind Power
![Page 3: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Wind Power
Vertical axis machine
Horizontal axis machine
![Page 4: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Wind Power
![Page 5: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Wind Power
• Winds arise from differential heating of the Earth’s surface on a local, regional, or worldwide scale.
• Global winds• Local winds
![Page 7: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Wind Power
• Environmental Impacts– Visual impact– Electromagnetic interference: potential to
interfere with radio, tv, and radar signals and with microwave communication links
– Ecological impacts– Noise
![Page 8: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Wave Power
• Water has a higher density than air, so has higher energy densities
• Have little effect on general flow of water around them
• Central issue: economics of harnessing power in harsh marine environments
• Need sites with regular waves
![Page 9: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Wave Power
![Page 10: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Wave Power• Onshore devices– Must be located in deep water areas adjacent to
coasts to avoid loss of energy through friction
Tapered channel wave energy converter
![Page 11: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Wave Power• Offshore devices– Can produce more energy,
but at a higher cost– Passing waves force joints to
pump high-pressure oil through hydraulic motors
– Motors then drive the electrical generators to produce electricity
– Power is fed from the device via cable to the seabed, and then to shore
Pelamis sea snake
![Page 12: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Tidal Power• The regular rise and fall of the tides
represents a shifting store of potential energy powered by the drag of the moon and sun
• Water collected at high tide and then drained through a water turbine to generate electricity or use of spin turbine
• The Earth experiences 2 tides a day, allowing tidal power dams to be filled every 12 hrs
• More tidal energy in Atlantic Ocean basin than Pacific
![Page 13: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Tidal Power
Spin turbine Tidal dam
![Page 14: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Small-Scale Hydropower
• Doesn’t have the environmental and social impacts of large-scale hydropower
• Can be used in areas where local geography doesn’t allow for large dams
• Plant sits on one side of the river• Little water is held back and diverted, so the
river is unaffected• Less powerful
![Page 15: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Small-Scale Hydropower
![Page 16: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Biomass• Fuel GJ/t• Grass (fresh-cut) 4• Domestic waste (as collected) 9• Straw (baled) 14• Sugar cane (air-dried stalks) 14• Wood (air-dried, 20% moisture) 15• Paper (stacked newspaper) 17• Commercial wastes ( UK average) 16• Dung (dried) 16• Calorific value of various biomass feedstocks [data from BOY96,p143].
![Page 17: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Biomass
![Page 18: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Geothermal• Derived from radioactive decay of isotopes
deep within the Earth or from heat left over from the original coalescence of matter that formed the Earth
• Heat accessed in 1 of 2 ways:– Hot dry rock technology – drill close to radioactive
sources– Wet rock technology – natural output of energy
higher because of presence of water
![Page 19: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Geothermal
Wet-rock technology
![Page 20: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Geothermal
• Environmental concerns– New boreholes would have to built every 10 years
as local heat is diminished– Dry-rock technology required water to be pumped
into the ground– Odors could be released– Land subsidence– Increased seismicity
![Page 21: Renewable Energy Nov 19. Wind Power Vertical axis machine Horizontal axis machine](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649e9f5503460f94ba1b2e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Fast Breeders and Fusion
• Fast breeder reactors and fusion reactors use uranium more efficiently than thermal nuclear reactors
• These expand the world’s resource of uranium from 70 years to 9930 years
• They do this by producing more fissionable fuel than they use
• Also produce less radiation and radioactive waste