renewable energy integration in off-grid applications: placing the grid stability at the heart of...
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RENEWABLE ENERGY INTEGRATION IN OFF-GRID APPLICATIONS:
Placing the grid stability at the heart of hybrid systems
Asia Clean Energy Forum 2015 Manila
15-19 June 2015
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Subsidiaries• RE plants
25 YEARS’ experience on REMOTE and INSULAR areas
1992: first hybrid system
40 WIND & PV plants installed on islands worldwide
5 continents - 35 countries
4 subsidiaries of maintenance and local partners
Vergnet Hybrid systems : solutions based on field experience
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RELIABLE RENEWABLES FOR ISLANDS GRIDS & REMOTE INDUSTRIES
Hybrid ?
What is really at stake : grid stability
One step beyond: Hybrid Wizard ©
Case study 1: Hybrid PV for remote island
Case Study 2: Wind –diesel for mining company
Case Study 3: High Penetration Wind-Battery
system for island
What decision makers should look at?
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Why HYBRID?
100kWp = 47 T of diesel fuel saved/year
1 GEV MP-C Wind Turbine = 200 T of diesel fuel saved / year
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Choosing the right technology for the site(resource, loads, weather, land, etc.)
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Optimizing the design for the best ROI (Homer, Copex, etc.)System design Diesel + PV Diesel + Pv +Wind
+500kW/560kWhDiesel + Pv +Wind
+1MW/1MWh
€/l Diesel fuel 0.7 1.0 1.34 0.7 1.0 1.34 0.7 1.0 1.34
CapexCOE (Cost ofElectricity) in €/kWh
0.24 0.34 0.45 0.21 0.26 0.31 0.17 0.20 0.23
Renewables share 8.2% 54% 77%
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Hybrid systems, what is at stake: Intermittent energy, Variable load
Efficient Hybrid control is the key
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f
t
limit
Renewables Integration Issues Example : FREQUENCY (transient)
G G
No renewables:Working on Diesel Generator.No particular issues detected. (Stable production)
Without hybrid controller:The line of the PV plant is struck by lightning. It leads to a drop in produced power, thus a frequency drop.
Consequences: unwanted tripping leads to blackout of the grid.With Hybrid Wizard:Blackout has been avoided.
INTEGRITY / SERVICE CONTINUITY
50 Hz Without hybrid controller:The genset power increase speed is not high enough, no quick order to start additional genset,. Frequency drops and protection trips, disconnecting the genset and leading to a blackout.
Without hybrid controller:At first the grid is stable.
G
With Hybrid Wizard:Hybrid Wizard detects a risk of instability (resilience of the grid too low) and decides to add a Genset for spinning reserve or limit renewable power.
With Hybrid Wizard:Thanks to additional genset, the frequency drop does not overpass the limit.
With Hybrid Wizard:At first the grid is stable.
G
Network analyzer
G G
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Hybrid system What is at stake?
Whatever the choice and complexity of the technology
(PV, wind, PV+wind, PV+wind+storage, etc.)
Whatever the size of the project
Whatever renewables penetration target rate
Grid stability must drive the design and the operation of the hybrid system during life cycle
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Grid
Network analyzer
PV + inverter
Gensets
LOADSWind turbines + PLC
One step beyond : Hybrid Wizard ©One or several power analyzers are distributed on the grid
Most of the time, network analyzers are linked with an optical network
VoltageFrequencyCurrentFlickers coef.Harmonics (%)Grid resilience
SCADA
All measured values are transmitted to Hybrid Wizard ©
Optical fiber
Power instructions
Power instructionsHybrid Wizard © calculates in real-time new power instructions
Samoa 550 kW wind farm (running)
Kiribati 500 kWp PV plant (building)
Mauritania4.4 MW wind farm(running)
1.3 MWp PV plant(building)
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Case Study 1: Wind diesel system for Mining companyLocation Mauritania
Technology Hybrid wizard controler, no storage
Installed Capacity
Wind: 4400kW
Diesel: 4 x 4000 kW
Peak load 10 000 kW
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Case Study 1: Actual average penetration of Renewables since June 2013
= 1 TURBINE PAID FOR
AVERAGE WIND SHARE: 30%
FUEL CONSUMPTION: - 30%
DIESEL SAVINGS: 4 800 T /year
EVERY 3 MONTHS
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Case study 2: Hybrid PV system for remote islandLocation Kiribati
Hybrid Technology
Hybrid Wizard controler
Installed Capacity
PV: 1.3MWp (400+500+400kWp)
Diesel: 5.45MW
Peak load 3500 kW (Week)
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Case study 2: Hybrid PV system for remote island
POSSIBLE OVERCAPACITY OF PV PRODUCTION
DURING WEEK-END
Hybrid Wizard:
Real time management of PV
and Diesel power plants
Fuel savings: 596 T / year
Genset minimum setpoint: 30%
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Case study 3: High penetration Wind-Diesel system for island
Location Caribbean Island
Hybrid Technology Hybrid Wizard controler
Installed Capacity
Wind: 1.925MW
PV: 114kW
Diesel: 1.9 MW
Battery for spinning reserve
Peak load 1.3 MW
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Case study 3: High penetration Wind-diesel system for island
Wind
Genset
PVWind
Genset
PV
WIND POWER
BATTERY
AVERAGE RE SHARE
PEAK RE SHARE
RE USAGE
DIESEL SAVINGS
1.37MW
NO
40%70%
100%
1 039 m3/year
1.92 MW
YES
70%90%
100%
1 418 m3/year
Option 1: Hybrid Wizard without Battery storage
Option 2: Hybrid Wizard + Battery storage for spinning reserve
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What should Decision Makers look atfor a successful off-grid projects implementation?
• Always keep grid stability as the driver for the system requirements• Consumption: minimum and maximum loads, grid parameters• Possibility of performing grid measurements, identify weak points, etc.
• Technology choice must be the result of the feasibility, not an a priori choice• Renewable resource assessment• Technology choice fit to the local situation (high perfo batteries in remote and sandy areas?)
• Set reasonable targets for penetration rates and have a step by step approach• Grid stability: the project must be immediately a success• Possibility to improve the system and targets : technology is evolving fast
• Project a flexible system, able to adapt to the grid evolutions• Possible evolutions of the consumption• Integration in the plans for development of the infrastructures of the territory
• Take Operation & Maintenance into account from the very beginning of the project• Technological choices and targets must fit to the local capability and infrastructures• If knowhow is not already present, include a capability building program
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Technology is ready
Significant savings with high quality & reliability
Short payback time if good resource
Thank you
Istvan Ponsot – [email protected]