renaissance - mr. nash's history site€¦ · renaissance the renaissance was a period in...
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Renaissance
TheRenaissancewasaperiodinEuropeanhistory,fromthe14thtothe17thcentury,regardedastheculturalbridgebetweentheMiddleAgesandmodernhistory.TheFrenchwordRenaissancemeans“rebirth.”ThemovementwhichbeganinItaly,describestherevivalofinterestintheartisticachievementsoftheClassicalworld(GreekandRoman).
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Renaissance
• InitiallyinaliteraryrevivalRenaissancewasdeterminedtomoveawayfromthereligion-dominatedMiddleAgesandtoturnitsattentiontotheplightoftheindividualmaninsociety.
• ItwasatimewhenindividualexpressionandworldlyexperiencebecametwoofthemainthemesofRenaissanceart.
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TheItalianRenaissanceofART
• AreverentrevivalofClassicalGreekandRomanartformsandstyles.
• AnemphasisonthenobilityofMan(partofHumanism)
• Masteryoflinearperspective(Thedepthinapainting).
• Thenaturalisticrealismoffacesandfigures
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Realism
• Realismintheartsistheattempttorepresentsubjectmattertruthfully,withoutartificialityandavoidingartisticconventions,implausible,exoticandsupernaturalelements.
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LeonardoDaVinci
• AnItalianpolymathwhoseareasofinterestincludedinvention,painting,sculpting,architecture,science,music,mathematics,engineering,literature,anatomy,geology,astronomy,botany,writing,history,andcartography.Hehasbeenvariouslycalledthefatherofpalaeontology,ichnology,andarchitecture,andiswidelyconsideredoneofthegreatestpaintersofalltime.
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Polymaths
• Apolymathisapersonwhoexcelsacrossadiverserangeofareas.
• Alsoknownas“renaissancemen”,thetermwasusedtorefertothenumerousgreatthinkersthatlivedduringthattimeperiodandboastedachievementsinintellectual,social,artisticandphysicalpursuits.
• NotableexamplesincludeBenjaminFranklin(writer,politician,inventor,scientist),Imhotep(chancellor,architect,physician)andLeonardodaVinci(scientist,artist,philosopher,writer,inventor)
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WhatisaFresco?
• Fresco(pluralfrescosorfrescoes)isatechniqueofmuralpaintingexecuteduponfreshly-laid,orwetlimeplaster.Waterisusedasthevehicleforthepigmenttomergewiththeplaster,andwiththesettingoftheplaster,thepaintingbecomesanintegralpartofthewall.
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LeonardoDaVinci
• LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)wasapainter,architect,inventor,andstudentofallthingsscientific.Hisnaturalgeniuscrossedsomanydisciplinesthatheepitomizedtheterm“Renaissanceman.”
• Heisreferredtoasa“Polymath”(apersonofwide-rangingknowledgeorlearning)
• Hepossessedacombinationofintellectandimaginationthatallowedhimtocreate,atleastonpaper,suchinventionsasthebicycle,thehelicopterandanairplanebasedonthephysiologyandflyingcapabilityofabat.
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DaVincicontributestotheRenaissance
• ArtisansfromtheperiodsuchasLeonardoDaVinci,gaveadeepinsightintothemechanicaltechnologythenknownandapplied.
• TheRenaissancespawnedthescientificrevolution,whichmeans,acycleofmutualadvancementinscienceandtechnologybegan.
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Michelangelo
• MichelangelowasanItaliansculptor,painter,architect,andpoetoftheHighRenaissancewhoexertedanunparalleledinfluenceonthedevelopmentofWesternart.
• widelyconsideredtobeoneofthegreatestartistsoftheItalianRenaissanceperiod—andarguablyofalltime.
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Michelangelo
• Michelangeloreceivedcommissionsfromsomeofthemostwealthyandpowerfulmenofhisday,includingpopesandothersaffiliatedwiththeCatholicChurch.
• Hisresultingwork,mostnotablyhisPietàandDavidsculpturesandSistineChapelceilingpaintings,hasbeencarefullytendedandpreserved.
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