1. RELATED LITERATURE

2. RELATED STUDIES

RELATED LITERATURE

Is composed of facts and principles to which the

present study is related.

These materials are classified as

1. Local, if printed in the Philippines; and2. Foreign, if printed in other lands.

1. RELATED LITERATURE

2. RELATED STUDIES

RELATED STUDIES

are studies, inquiries, or investigations

already conducted to which the present proposed study is

related or has some bearing or similarity.

These may be classified as

1. Local, if the inquiry was conducted in the Philippines; and2. Foreign, if conducted in foreign lands.

IMPORTANCE, PURPOSES, AND FUNCTIONS OF RELATED

LITERATURE AND STUDIES

1. They help or guide the researcher in searching for or selecting a better research problem or topic.

6. They help and guide the researcher in making comparison between his findings with the findings of other researchers on similar studies with the end in view of formulating generalizations or principles which are the contributions of the study to the fund of knowledge. 

5. They help and guide the researcher in making his research design

4. They help and guide the researcher in locating more sources of related information.

3. They ensure that there will be no duplication of other studies.

2. They help the investigator understand his topic for research better.

a. The formulation of specific questions to be researched on;

c. The formulation of conceptual framework;b. The formulation of assumptions and hypotheses if there should be any;

d. The selection and application of the methods of research;

e. The selection and application of sampling techniques;

f. The selection and/or preparation and validation of research instruments for gathering data;

g. The selection and application of statistical procedures;

h. The analysis, organization, presentation, and interpretation of data;

i. The making of the summary of implications for the whole study;

j. The formulation of the summary of findings, conclusions, and recommendations; and

CHARACTERISTICS OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

The surveyed materials must be as recent as possible

Materials reviewed must be objective and unbiased.

Materials surveyed must be relevant to the study.

Surveyed materials must have been based upon genuinely original and true facts or data to make them valid and reliable.

Reviewed materials must not be too few nor too many.

SOURCES OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Books, encyclopedias, almanacs and other similar references

•Articles published in professional journals, magazines, periodicals, newspapers, and other publications.

•Manuscripts, monographs, memoirs, speeches, letters, and diaries.

•Unpublished theses and dissertations.

•The Constitution, and laws and statutes of the land.

•Bulletins, circulars, and orders emanating from government offices and departments, especially from the Office of the President of the Philippines and the Department of Education, Culture and Sports.

•Records of schools, public and private, especially reports of their activities.

•Reports from seminars, educational or otherwise.

•Official reports of all kinds, educational, social, economic, scientific, technological, political, etc. from the government and other entities.

WHERE TO LOCATE THE SOURCES OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

•Libraries, either government, school, or private libraries.

•Government and private offices.

•The National Library

•The Library of the Department of Education, Culture and Sports.

Thank you.