rehab rehabilitation and integration into society of drug … · 2018-09-24 · rehab...

Erasmus+

2016-1-TR01-KA204-036384- Cooperation for Innovation and the Exchange of Good Practices Strategic Partnerships for adult education

REHAB

Rehabilitation and Integration into Society

of Drug Addicted Adults and Their Families

Madde Bağımlısı Yetişkinlerin ve Ailelerinin

Rehabilitasyonu ve Topluma Yeniden

Kazandırılması Projesi

Erasmus+


DOMESTIC PROBLEMS AND

ADDICTION

Research Assoc. İhsan KUTLU

Erasmus+


Society; a

great

structural

building

3

Society- Family - Substance

Erasmus+


FAMILY; principal building block

which constitutes this building

4

Society- Family- Substance

Erasmus+


FAMILY; the

source of

power which

is required to

sustain this

building

5

Erasmus+


Substance

Addiction;

change factor

which exploits

this building’s

energy and

corrodes it over

time. 6

Society- Family- Substance

Erasmus+


Family and Addiction

• There is correlative cause and effect

relationship between addiction and family.

• Domestic problems may cause addiction;

• Addiction may cause domestic problems.

7

Erasmus+

2016-1-TR01-KA204-036384- Cooperation for Innovation and the Exchange of Good Practices Strategic Partnerships for adult education 8

Domestic problems

Addiction

Erasmus+


Domestic Problems

Violence

Lack of communication

Disloyalty

Negligence Abuse Incest

Economy driven

problems

Divorce

Sickness Disability Accident

Death

Addiction

Aile İçi Sorunlar

Erasmus+


Domestic Problems

10

• To underestimate,

• Neglect,

• Rule out a problem occurred in the family

• Gives rise to miss the opportunity of early recognition

and treatment.

• Problems are not independent of each other, An

unresolved problem creates a new problem.

• Relation between the problem is complex.

.

Erasmus+


Domestic Problems- Miscommunication

Common ground for all domestic problems: Miscommunication

Miscommunication between the spouses

Miscommunication between the brothers/sisters

Miscommunication between parents and children

Miscommunication between other family members

(mother in law, father in law etc.)

11

Erasmus+


Domestic Problems- Violence

12

Violence between the

spouses

Violence Between

brothers/sisters

Violence Between

parents-child

Violence in other family members

Erasmus+


Domestic Problems- Divorce

13

• Divorce= termination of marriagecontract between the spouses

• One of the outcomes of domesticproblems

The reasons that give rise to the divorce:

Severe conflict,

Infidelity,

Economic problems etc.

• Divorce; the cause of new problems

Erasmus+



14

The risks which the members may face;

Feeling of loneliness and failure

The anxiety whether they will be loved or not

Negative reactions from the family and community

Being stigmatised as «Divorced»

Fear for living alone

Erasmus+



• To make a divorce decision is quite a very

difficult affair. In this process, job

performances of the individuals diminish,

and moreover, it may also dismission of the

individuals.

• Life expectancy of the divorced individuals

are shorter than others. (For instance, suicide ratio

observed among the divorced men is quite high

compared to married ones.)

15

Erasmus+


Domestic Problems- Disloyalty

• Disloyalty is a contrary behaviour of one of the spousesagainst the family loyalty.

• Being in relationship with other person aside from thehis/her spouses.

• It causes the abolition of domestic confidence andorder.

16

Erasmus+


Domestic Problems– Economy Driven Problems

• Although poverty is a straight problem, it is also the source of

many diversified social problems.

• Failure in household maintenance may cause problems between

the members of the house.

• In the meantime, economic changes

may affect the families negatively.

17

Erasmus+


Domestic Problems– Negligence/Abuse/Incest

• Some situations, where the actors are generally elders, mayreverberate as domestic problem.

• Failure to show required interest by the elders to the children;depriving them of the necessary care;

• Exploitation of the children physically

or sexually;

• Going further with the child, occurrence

of the incidence which approaches to the incest;

• The incidents mentioned above might be originated sometimes bythe members of the family, and sometimes by the persons who areclose to the family.

18

Erasmus+


Domestic Problems– Sickness/Disability/Accident/Death

The factors which negatively affect systematic functioning of the family;

Illness

Having an accident

Becoming disabled

Pass away

Experience a sudden crisis

• Infliction of the family members with such an incident affects all ofthe family members negatively.

• Non-recoverable problems (such as deaths) requires adaptationperiod in which members of the family need to be accustomed.

19

Erasmus+


Mother Father

Child

Child

Loss of a

member’s life

negatively

affects family

system

Erasmus+


Domestic Problems– Addiction

• Addiction to a certain type of behaviour might bedeveloped, it may be to any kind of substance as well .

• Addiction status of any members of the family negativelyaffects domestic functioning, and may cause problems inthe family.

• Substance addiction, together with the dependency suchas internet, TV, gambling, alcohol is one of the mostimportant factors which cause domestic problems .

21

Erasmus+


Addictions

• Addiction; develops after individuals lose theircontrols over a certain behaviour.

• Addictions may be a result of domestic problemsmentioned above, it may as well be the cause ofthose problems.

22

Erasmus+


Addic

tio

ns

Alcohol Addiction

Shopping Addiction

Internet Addiction

Eating Addiction

Gambling Addiction

Playing Addiction

Television Addiction

SUBSTANCE ADDICTION

Etc.

Different types of addiction can listed:

Erasmus+


Substance Addiction

Adverse Outcomes of

Substance Addiction

24

SUBSTANCE ADDICTION

Economic

Social

Psychological

Health

Erasmus+


Addiction – With Respect to The Economy

25

Individuals try to reach the substance with their bag of tricks

It is difficult to earn regular income because of substance. Therefore, their income sources may

individually become insufficient in time.

In the cases where financial resources at hand fall short, individuals may resort to different means.

All of economic resources, especially the family, and kith and kin, are «exploited ».

In order to find financial resource, they tend to resort to the illegal actions.

Erasmus+


Addiction– With Social Aspect

Domestic relationships

Friend relationships

Working life relationships of the personwho is substance abuser may worsen inthe course of time.

26

Erasmus+


Addicted Person

Domestic Relations

Friendship Relations

Other Social

Relations

Working Life

Relations

Substance addiction

affects the relationships

of the persons with social sphere

adversely.

In the cases where

regular social relations are

not established, and being

deprived of social

support, it will be hard

for the individuals to sustain

the state of wellness.

Erasmus+


Addiction– With Respect to the PsychologySubstance addiction causes adverse consequences with respect to the psychologicalaspect.

• In a manner to be in a state of mutual interaction;• The persons with psychological disorders may begin to

use substance

Substance addicted persons might be exposed to psychological disorders.

28

Erasmus+


Addiction– With Respect to the Health• Substance addiction has the impacts which damage

health of the body.

• Although the substances used may vary according toits type, it may provide temporary state of feelingwell within its period of influence. Yet, the causespermanent damages in terms of the destruction andadverse effects created in the body.

• Incidents of death might may occur due to the useof substance.

29

Erasmus+


Addiction and The Family

•All of these adverse results mentioned with regard to the addiction damage the

systematics in the family.

•Family order becomes interrupted.

30

Erasmus+


• Addicted individual may drift apart from social life orfrom circle of friends. Yet, the family remains as theenvironment which he lives in continually.

• The contact of the family with the addicted individualmay help deterioration of the addiction- as an adversefactor.

• For this reason, addiction is a «family illness».

• Addiction have influence in different forms depending onthe roles in the family.

31


Erasmus+


• Addiction with respect to the relationship with mother-father;

• Problematic mother-father relationship an theirupbringing manner may cause the child to use substance.

• Dialogue between nervous and problematic spouses isreflected on the child, too.

• The family, where the first social learning take place, mayfail to show the child the true coping skills.

32


Erasmus+


• Addiction with respect to the relationship with mother-father;

In the families where negative feelingsare expressed much more,

Quality relationships are rudimentary,

Verbal rewarding is little; self-confidences of the those children whobrought up in such a family are scarce.

Therefore, the circumstances may arisewhere one can not say «NO» to thesubstance.

33


Erasmus+


•Disintegrated or divorced family paves the wayfor substance abuse.

•According to a research conducted in USA, ithas been determined that more than halfpercent of heroin addicts originated formdivorced families.

34


Erasmus+


•The person who use substance bringsunwanted friends to family environment(home) or makes friendships with unwantedpersons.

•This situation may cause conflicts

İn the family.

35


Erasmus+


• Social relations of the family of theperson- who became involved invarious crimes for the sake of reachingthe substance- will deteriorate.

• It gives rise to deepening problems inthe family when addicted person telllie to his family, commit aggressivebehaviours, and yet, family tends tobe repressive against thesebehaviours.

36


Erasmus+


• Addiction and the Child;

• «Main source of childhood problems observed with children ofaddicted persons is the disharmony in the family ».

37

FOR THE CHILDREN OF THE ADDICTS

Addiction Ratio is higher

Behavioural disorders are higher

Cognitive Ability is weaker

School Success is

lower


Erasmus+



• During the childhood;

• Marital discord

• violence

• Conception of strict discipline

• Lack of the sphere of love and affection

• Punishing the child continuously, instead of preventingrecurrence of this faults through elucidating them

38

Erasmus+



• In the childhood;THE REASONS SUCH AS;

• The efforts of child to make himself accepted by the world,while preferring the social spheres instead of the family,

• Losing his self confidence,

• Failing to find the love, affection and interest which he need inhis family, and seeking them in his compeers,

• Leaving the problems unresolved, and being under theinfluence of the problems and overwhelmed by them due thelack of a responsible approach by the family…

39

Erasmus+



• In the childhood;

• …, in general, induce theyoung to enter into indecentenvironments,

• To become substanceaddicted, and

• May lead him, after sometime, experience a solitudewhich draw him close to thecrime.

40

Erasmus+



• Familial risk is a significant factor forsubstance abuse of adolescents.

• Familial Risks which InduceSubstance Abuse for theAdolescents.

• Dispute in family atmosphere,quarrel, conflict, steal, family crisisor existence of negative behaviourswhich include high stress.

41

Erasmus+



• Family Factors which Induce Substance Abuse for theAdolescents

Insufficient authority sharing

Poor communication

Specific family environments

Such that, problem solving is

not performed collectively

42

Erasmus+


Addiction and The Family• Parents-related examples and effects in substance abuse of the

adolescents (continued):

Extremely passive mothers

Perception of the adolescents that their parentsapprove substance abuse

Non-traditional types of family, andpartnership/relationship (live-in, etc.)

Lack of intimacy of parents to the child, and viceversa

43

Erasmus+


Addiction and The Family• Parents-related examples and effects in substance abuse of the adolescents

(continued):

Substance abuse by the parents

Absence of Parents

Extremely demanding or extremely protective parent,who lean on and threaten his/her child to put an endsubstance abuse of the child, drive them further inthis manner toward his/her substance addict friendsand estrange them from themselves.

44

Erasmus+


Addiction and The Family• Parents-related examples and

effects (continued):

Adolescents feel inadequatelove and support from theirparents

Strict controls enforced by theparents, or dispute over theconcept of discipline betweenthe parents

Parents with legal or mental disturbance

45

Erasmus+



• Parents-related examples and effects (continued):

Conflict between theconceptions of ideal child forthe parents and the child inreality

Preferring the ineffective onein the utilisation of copingmechanism.

Use of substance as the copingmechanism in the family

46

Erasmus+


Addiction and The Family• Parents-related examples and effects (continued):

• Effects of the family which prevent substance abuse:

Positive relationship between parents-child

Concern of the parents about the lives of theirchildren

Family has consistent rules and restrictions

Existence of the bond between parents and the child. These conditions can be listed as the factors which prevent substance abuse among the adolescents

47

Erasmus+


Addiction and The Family• Parents-related examples and effects (continued):

• Preventive character of the family

Positive attachment in domestic interaction

Availability of emotional support

Lack of serious criticizing

Existence of basic sense of confidence

Follow-up of the child by the parents in a balanced manner

Availability of clear rules and expectations. These conditionsare considered as preventive factors for the adolescents.

48

Erasmus+



• In the relations with the spouse;

Change in the roles is experienced due to the addiction.

Over-normal burden may fall on the other spousebecause persons do not fulfil requirements of their ownroles (caring about the children etc.).

Psychiatric symptoms may rise in company with theaddiction and other effects.

49

Erasmus+



• Genetic effects;

• Existence of addiction story in family history increases thesubstance abuse predispotions of the persons.

• That is, it is possible to see substance addict persons in thefamilies of those persons who use substance.

50

Erasmus+



• When addiction of a family member is discovered;

• They endure an emotional destruction and frustration.• In order to escape from this destruction, the clues related to

substance abuse are ignored occasionally. This time, however,they face substance abuse at a deteriorated level.

• When substance abuse is discovered, families can not easilyaccept this situation. To deny, to feel guilty, to feel rage-angerare the reactions observed commonly.

• So, an addicted individual affects whole family system.

51

Erasmus+


Conclusion

52

• Substance abuse and domestic problems, just like all other socialproblems, are complex social problems.

• While substance abuse affects the family; the family as well haseffect on substance abuse.

• Existence of substance abuser in the family affect all of the familymembers and gives rise to adverse consequences for familysystem.

• Although the family is not a sole imperative cause of substanceabuse, family systems, experiencing problems due to the variousreasons, pave the way for substance abuse.

Erasmus+


Kaynakça• 1) Gürol, Defne Tamar ve Ögel, Kültegin. Sigara, Alkol, Uyuşturucu ve Diğer

Bağımlılıklar. ‘Aile’. http://www.ogelk.net/Dosyadepo/aile.pdf. E.t. 22.05.2018.

• 2) Gürol, Defne Tamar, Ögel, Kültegin ve Çakmak, Duran. (1997). Uyuşturucu Madde Kullanımının Aile Üstüne Etkisi, TC Başbakanlık Aile Araştırma Kurumu Başkanlığı, Ankara. http://ailetoplum.aile.gov.tr/data/54293ea2369dc32358ee2b25/kutuphane_25_uyusturucu_madde_kullaniminin_aile_ustine_etkisi.pdf, E.t. 28.05.2018.

• 3) Bozkurt, Oğuzhan. (2015). Madde Bağımlısı Bireylerin Bağımlılık Süreçlerinde Ailenin Etkisi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, SBE. Ankara.

• 4) Mutlu, Ercan, Madde Bağımlılığında Ailenin Rolü, http://psikiyatriksosyalhizmet.com/madde-bagimliliginda-ailenin-rolü. E.t. 28.05.2018.

53

http://www.ogelk.net/Dosyadepo/aile.pdf. E.t. 22.05.2018

http://ailetoplum.aile.gov.tr/data/54293ea2369dc32358ee2b25/kutuphane_25_uyusturucu_madde_kullaniminin_aile_ustine_etkisi.pdf

http://psikiyatriksosyalhizmet.com/madde-bagimliliginda-ailenin-rolü

rehab rehabilitation and integration into society of drug … · 2018-09-24 · rehab...

Documents