REGIONALISM : TOWARD A MORE PERFECT (EUROPEAN) UNION

REGIONALISM : TOWARD A MORE PERFECT (EUROPEAN) UNIONHISTORY OF EUROPEAN UNION European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)- 1952European Economic Community (EEC) 1957 European Community (EC) 1967 European Union (EU) 1993

ECONOMICS AND POLITICS OF REGIONALISM Economic IntegrationFTACustom UnionEconomic Union

Effect of Economic IntegrationStatic efficiency gain. Dynamic efficiency gain.

EUROPE AND THE MIRROR OF REGIONALISMReflects fear and hopesDifferent motives to regionalism Example : France and Britain.

THE BICYCLE THEORYEuropean unity could be sustained - strive for an ever closer union.The broader market - Face a variety of tensions with the EC.Mid 1980, higher EC program cost, imposing a disproportionate burden.Jacques Delors propose a single integrated market.The goal single market 4 freedoms (goods, services, capital, people)

THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL INSTITUTIONSEuropean CouncilPresident of the European CouncilCouncil of the EUEuropean CommissionEuropean Parliament (EP)European Court of Justice (ECJ)European Central Bank (ECB)

THREE CHALLENGES FOR THE EUROPEAN UNION

The challenge of the financial & economic crisis

The bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers in 2008

Drafted emergency legislation to support their banks

Unemployment rate increase from 6.9 to 8.9 %.

Joint action against the crisis difficult different perspective.

The Challenge of the Democratic Deficit

Decision making lack of transparency of EU institution & distribution of responsibility.

European Parliament does not work like national parliament.Approve or reject the nomination made by European Council.The decision by EP tariffs, technical standard, competition policy, agriculture policy.Security , economic, social policies outside the EP.

Challenges in World Politics

Growing economic competition

Energy policyFossil fuel issues

Security policy war against international terrorism