regenerative & smart braking

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Shah Sagar D.(254) Tambawala Mustafa N.(258) Panchal Jugal P.(260) Engineer Chintan N.(261) Guide:PROF.S.R.NAIK Regenerative & Smart Braking

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Page 1: Regenerative & Smart Braking

Shah Sagar D.(254)Tambawala Mustafa N.(258)

Panchal Jugal P.(260)Engineer Chintan N.(261)

Guide:PROF.S.R.NAIK

Regenerative & Smart Braking

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Introduction to Braking Regenerative Braking Smart Braking Conclusion References

Index

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A Brake is a mechanical device which inhibits (prohibits) motion.

Something that slows or stops action. Most commonly brakes use friction to

convert kinetic energy into heat, though other methods of energy conversion may be employed

Some vehicles use a combination of braking mechanisms.

What is Braking?

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Mechanical Brakes. Air Brakes. Power Assisted Brakes or Vacuum Brakes. Hydraulic Brakes.

Types of Brakes

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Mechanical Brake

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Air Brake

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Hydraulic Brake

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Brake system components

Drum BrakesDisc BrakesBrake LinesBoosterMaster CylinderPedalCombo ValveEmergency Brakes

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Regenerative Braking

A Regenerative brake is an energy recovery mechanism that reduces vehicle speed by converting some of its kinetic energy into a useful form of energy instead of dissipating it as heat as in a conventional brake.

The converted kinetic energy is stored in fly wheel and then transmitted to dynamo or alternator and generates electricity.

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The converted energy in the form of electricity is stored in battery and is used as power supply in an electric powered vehicle.

Automotive engineers have come up with a kind of braking system that can recapture much of the car's kinetic energy and convert it into electricity, so that it can be used to recharge the car's batteries. This system is called regenerative braking.

Regenerative Braking

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Different Automobile Companies name this technology as:-

BMW:-BMW EfficientDynamics Volkswagen:-BlueMotion Technologies Formula 1 :-Kinetic Energy Recovery System Mercedes Benz:- BlueEfficency

Regenerative Braking

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Working of Regenerative Braking

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Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems (KERS) were used for the motor sport Formula One's 2009 season, and under development for road vehicles. However, KERS has been abandoned for the 2010 Formula One season. The Formula One Teams that used Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems in the 2009 season are Ferrari, Renault, BMW Sauber and McLaren. One of the main reasons that not all cars use KERS is because it adds an extra 25 kilograms of weight, while not adding to the total car weight, it does incur a penalty particularly seen in the qualifying rounds, as it raises the car's center of gravity, and reduces the amount of ballast that is available to balance the car so that it is more predictable when turning. FIA rules also limit the exploitation of the system. Eventually, during the season, Renault and BMW stopped using the system.

Kinetic Energy Recovery System

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Flywheel Of F1 Cars

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When Vehicle moves Down Hill, Efficiency increases.

It reduces fuel consumption by up to 20%, include an Auto Start Stop function.

It contributes to the 5% reduction in CO2 emissions.

This energy is then used to recharge the vehicle's batteries.

Advantages Of Regenerative Braking

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The regenerative braking effect drops off at lower speeds; therefore the friction brake is still required in order to bring the vehicle to a complete halt. Physical locking of the rotor is also required to prevent vehicles from rolling down hills.

The friction brake is a necessary back-up in the event of failure of the regenerative brake.

When vehicle goes up hill, efficiency decreases.

Limitations Of Regenerative Braking

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Many companies don’t use this technology as it requires a heavy flywheel, which in return affects the efficiency of the vehicle.

Most road vehicles with regenerative braking only have power on some wheels (as in a 2WD car) and regenerative braking power only applies to such wheels, so in order to provide controlled braking under difficult conditions (such as in wet roads) friction based braking is necessary on the other wheels.

Limitations Of Regenerative Braking

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Volkswagen BlueMotion Technologies

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If we overcome the above limitations then this technology can change the face of automobile industry.

Researches are in progress which will soon result in the application of this technology.

Conclusion of Regenerative Braking

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For a human being, travelling has become an important part of life.

In order to sustain in this world, he must travel from one place to another.

It is very essential that his journey takes as less time as possible. Also it should be economical and available easily.

Smart Braking

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Condition 1

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Condition 2

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The model consists of a frame on which the entire concept is mounted.

It consists of a worm n wheel motor, a pulley, a gear, a shaft, two Plummer blocks, a belt driving the pulley by the motor, two solenoids actuating the fork and an electric circuit including the battery eliminator .

Working of Smart Braking

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When we switch on the power supply, the battery supplies current to the reversible motor and the forward motion starts.

The worm and wheel type motor also rotates the pulley through the V-belt, which in turn rotates the shaft & The forward motion starts.

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When u reverse the switch the motor starts rotating in the reverse direction but the shaft doesn’t move.

The fork gets engaged with the gear mounted on the shaft and prevents its reverse motion.

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Shorter stopping distances and optimized stability

More comfort and safety due to adjustable pedals

No pedal vibration in ABS mode Virtually silent Environmentally friendly no brake fluid Improved crash worthiness Space saving, using less parts

Advantages of Smart Braking

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Simple assembly Capable of analyzing all required braking and stability

functions Can be easily networked with future traffic management

systems Additional functions such as an electric parking brake can

be integrated easily The drive is positive. It provides larger life, 3 to 5 years. It can be easily installed and removed. The operation of the belt and pulley is quiet.

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Limitations of Smart Braking

The V-Belt drive connects is used with large centre distances because of larger weight, for unit.

The V-Belt is not as durable as flat. The construction of pulleys for V-belts is

more complicated than pulleys of flat belt.

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Since the V-Belts are subjected to certain amount of creep, therefore not suitable for constant speed applications.

The Belt life is greatly influenced with temperature changes, improper belt tension and mismatching of belt lengths.

The inspection of welding work is difficult than riveting work.

It requires a highly skilled labour and supervision.

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Hence we have explained the working & advantages of advanced braking systemsThis is a kind of technology which is fast growing and is going to be used by all the major automobile manufacturers soon

Conclusion of Smart Braking

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Wikipedia Volkswagen Barvarian Motor Works (BMW) Mercedes Benz Volvo

References