refractory pole limoges - orléans. two different engineering colleges (ecole nationale...
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Refractory pole
Limoges - Orléans
Two different engineering colleges (Ecole Nationale Supérieure) located in two different cities
Polytech’Orléans
ENSCI Limoges (National Engineering College for
Industrial Ceramics)
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Limoges
Paris
Orléans
Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle
Created in 1893 in Limoges since 1979
National College for Engineering National College for Engineering in Industrial Ceramicsin Industrial Ceramics
(Ministry of National Education)
Created in 1975
National network of university engineering schools(Ministry of National Education)
Three teams affiliated to three different laboratories :
- Research Centre for Materials at High Temperature (CRMHT Orléans),
- Laboratory for Mechanics of Systems and Processes (LMSP Orléans),
- Heterogeneous Materials Research Group (GEMH Limoges)
aassociated by their common interest on ssociated by their common interest on rrefractoriesefractories
The specificity of the French « Ecoles Nationales Supérieures » (so called « Ecoles d’Ingénieurs »)
HistoricallyHistorically::
- pupils with the best ability in science were selected after Baccalaureat,
- after 2 years in specific schools of intensive formation in basic science, mainly Mathematics and Physics, the very best of them went to Ecole Nationale Supérieure after competitive examinations.
TodayToday::
- the system still exists but is less selective than before because many students are not interested by scientific studies.
Position of the French « Ecoles Nationales Supérieures » in the European LMD system
18 years old Baccalauréat (Bac)
20-21 years old
23 -24 years old Engineer
+2
+5
+8 26 -28 years old DoctoratPhD degree
6 semesters
L level
M level
D level
4 themes4 themes : :
General scientific trainingGeneral scientific training
Materials ScienceMaterials Science
Processing and EngineeringProcessing and Engineering
Management trainingManagement training
Languages (English + another language)Languages (English + another language)
ENSCI and Polytech’Orléans Master degree
ENSCI and Polytech’Orléans
11stst year : year :
Semester 1 (September to February i.e. 16 weeks) Semester 2 (February to June i.e. 16 weeks)
22ndnd year : year :
Semester 3 (September to February i.e. 16 weeks) Semester 4 (February to April-May i.e. 6 weeks ENSCI
i.e.10 weeks Polytech’ Orleans) may to July :1st Internship in industry : 2-3 months
ENSCI Master degree
33rdrd year : year :
Semester 5 Two possible options :1) ceramic materials and processing
2) engineering and production systems(beginning of September to end of January i.e. 16 weeks)
Semester 6 February to April : research project
3 months
May to September : 2nd internship in industry5 months
Polytech’Orléans Master degree
33rdrd year : year :
Semester 5 Two possible options :1) Numerical simulation in mechanics
2) Engineering of industrial materials(beginning of September to end of December i.e. 16 weeks)
Semester 6 January to February : research project
2 months
Mars to August : 2nd internship in industry4-6 months
ENSCIExchanges with foreign Universities and
companies (engineering students)Semester 3Semester 3
- course work- University of Jaume 1 (Castellón, Spain)- University of Alfred (New York, USA)
Semester 4Semester 4- 3 month internship in industry (May to July)- 40% of 2nd year class in a foreign company
SemesterSemesterss 5 & 6 5 & 6- coursework + project- RWTH Aachen
Semester 6Semester 6- 3 month research project at a foreign University
(examples: Keele, Aveiro, Penn State, Aachen, ICT Prague,…)
Semester 6Semester 6- 4 month internship in a foreign company
ENSCIFinancial support for student exchanges
Outgoing studentsOutgoing studentsUniversities: Europe: Erasmus + regional contribution, ENSCI travel grant, (MEN bursaries for national scholars) Total 1000 euros for 3 months
Outside Europe:
ENSCI travel grant + MEN bursaries for national scholars (not available for all
students) + Foreign Universities contribution
Companies: Europe: Leonardo Outside Europe: ENSCI travel grants, MEN bursaries for national scholars
Incoming studentsIncoming students- special arrangements for some Universities (ex: paid room or contribution to living expenses)
Semester 1Semester 1 (1st year)
Module ECTS
General scientific trainingGeneral scientific trainingMathematics
Metrology
Computing (I)
1010
Management trainingManagement training Communication
33
Materials ScienceMaterials ScienceSolid state matter
Characterisation of structures and microstructures
Reactivity of heterogeneous systems (I)
Physical properties of materials
1717
LanguagesLanguagesEnglish
German, Italian, Spanish or Russian
1010(end of (end of
semester 6)semester 6)
Semester 2Semester 2 (1st year)
Module ECTS
Management trainingManagement trainingAccounting
11
Processing and EngineeringProcessing and EngineeringFluid mechanics
Thermal treatments
Geology and raw materials
Grinding
Engineering and production systems
Visit of industrial sites (I)
2929
LanguagesLanguagesEnglish
German, Italian, Spanish or Russian
1010(end of (end of
semester 6)semester 6)
Semester 3Semester 3 (2nd year)
Module ECTS
General scientific trainingGeneral scientific trainingComputing (II)
Statistics
77
Management trainingManagement trainingProject in processing or materials science
1313
Materials ScienceMaterials SciencePreparation of raw materials (liquid, paste, solid)
Metals, polymers, composites
Mechanical properties
Visit of industrial sites (II)
1010
LanguagesLanguagesEnglish
German, Italian, Spanish or Russian
1010(end of (end of
semester 6)semester 6)
Semester 4Semester 4 (2nd year)
Module ECTS
Processing and EngineeringProcessing and EngineeringHeterogeneous systems (II)
Project management
Visit of industrial sites
1515
LanguagesLanguagesEnglish
German, Italian, Spanish or Russian
1010(end of (end of
semester 6)semester 6)
Management trainingManagement training11stst Internship in a company (3 months) Internship in a company (3 months)
1515
Semester 5Semester 5 (3rd year)
Module ECTS
Management trainingManagement trainingTraineeship debriefing
Company law and intellectual property
Quality
Safety
Technological information and innovation search
77
Materials Science and ProcessingMaterials Science and ProcessingSilicates
Glass products
Building materials
Refractories
Technical ceramics
2323
LanguagesLanguagesEnglish
German, Italian, Spanish or Russian
1010(end of (end of
semester 6)semester 6)
Option 1 & Option 2
Semester 6Semester 6 (3rd year)
Option 1 : ceramic materials and processing
Module ECTS
Materials Science and ProcessingMaterials Science and ProcessingProcesses
Simulation
Materials
Individual research project (3 or 5 months)Individual research project (3 or 5 months)
1515
LanguagesLanguagesEnglish
German, Italian, Spanish or Russian
1010(end of (end of
semester 6)semester 6)
22ndnd Internship in a company (5 or 3 months) Internship in a company (5 or 3 months) 1515
Semester 6Semester 6 (3rd year)
Option 2 : engineering and production systems
Module ECTS
Engineering and production systemsEngineering and production systemsProduction systems
Automatics and industrial computing
Group research project (3 months)Group research project (3 months)
1515
LanguagesLanguagesEnglish
German, Italian, Spanish or Russian
1010(end of (end of
semester 6)semester 6)
22ndnd Internship in a company (5 months) Internship in a company (5 months) 1515
Semester 1Semester 1 (1st year)
Module ECTS
General scientific trainingGeneral scientific trainingMathematics
Electronics, automatism
Energetics, thermics
Computing
1616
Languages and communicationLanguages and communication 44
Materials ScienceMaterials Science Solid state matter
Characterisation of structures and microstructures
Mechanical properties
44
Management training Management training Management project
Knowledge of companies
88
Semester 2Semester 2 (1st year)
Module ECTS
General scientific trainingGeneral scientific trainingElectrotechnic
Mechanical engineering
88
Communication and languagesCommunication and languages 44
Materials ScienceMaterials Sciencesolidification
Diagrams of phases and microstructures
Céramics, Metals, polymers, composites
Mechanical properties
88
Management training Management training Company law
Accounting
88
Semester 3 and 4Semester 3 and 4 (2nd year)
Module ECTS
Management trainingManagement training11stst Internship in a company (3 months) Internship in a company (3 months)
3,53,5
1111
Materials Science Materials Science
SimulationSimulation
Processing and EngineeringProcessing and Engineering
17,517,5
77
1414
Languages Languages English
German, Spanish
77
Semesters 5 and 6Semesters 5 and 6 (3rd year)
Option 1 : Engineering of industrial materials Module ECTS
Materials Science and ProcessingMaterials Science and ProcessingProcesses
Simulation
Materials
Individual research project (2 months)Individual research project (2 months)
1414
10,510,5
Management trainingManagement training
Languages Languages English
German, Spanish
99
3,53,5
22ndnd Internship in a company (4 - 6 months) Internship in a company (4 - 6 months) 2323
Semesters 5 and 6Semesters 5 and 6 (3rd year)
Option 2 : Numerical simulation in mechanics
Module ECTS
Mechanics and ProcessingMechanics and ProcessingCalcul of structures
Simulation and Processes
Non linear mechanics
Individual research project (2 months)Individual research project (2 months)
1414
10,510,5
Management trainingManagement training
Languages Languages English
German, Spanish
99
3,53,5
22ndnd Internship in a company (4 - 6 months) Internship in a company (4 - 6 months) 2323
Staff of the refractory pole
• Permanent staffPermanent staff::
- 6 professors
- 4 associated professors
- 3 associated researchers
• PhD studentsPhD students::
- 11 PhD students
Research topics: physico-chemical behaviour of refractories (Jacques POIRIER)
Interaction between aggressive products (liquid oxides, liquid metals, gas…) and ceramic refractories:
- influence of macro and microstructure
- mechanism of corrosion
- in situ observation of refractory lining
Experimental device
Corrosion test
Microstructures after corrosion
Examples of studies:
- corrosion of andalusite and bauxite refractories by Al2O3 – CaO and SiO2 – CaO liquids
- phase evolution with temperatures in andalusite raw material
- ceramic protection for carbon fibber fabric for heating element in oxidizing atmosphere
- dense SnO2 based coating for protection of refractory against corrosion by melt glass.
Research topics: physico-chemical behaviour of refractories
Influence of microstructure and temperature on the Young’s modulus (measured by ultrasonic techniques) and on the tensile and compressive behaviour of industrial refractories (for steel or glass industries) and model materials
Research topics: mechanical characterisation of refractories (Marc HUGER)
20
60
100
140
0 500 1000 1500
T (° C)
E (GPa)
(2)
(3)
(1)
20
60
100
140
0 500 1000 1500
T (° C)
E (GPa)
(2)
(3)
(1)
Influence of the in-situ formation of MgAl2O4 on the evolution of Young’s modulus of
aluminate castable: (1) without MgAl2O4 ; (2) with preformed MgAl2O4 ; (3) with MgO
content (spinel formation at about 1100°C)
0
20
40
60
80
0 500 1000
T (°C)
E (GPa)
5h 1200°C
2eme cycle
Damage evolution in an andalousite castable during thermal cycle
Example of studies:
- high temperature mechanical behaviour of fused cast refractories
- mechanical properties at high temperature of alumina spinel low cement castable
- elastic behaviour of heterogeneous model materials with spherical inclusions
Research topics: mechanical characterisation of refractories
Influence of microstructure on thermal properties of heterogeneous materials:
- determination of thermal parameters necessary for numerical simulation
- influence of grain boundary and pore shape
- development of very porous ceramic materials for thermal insulation
Research topics: thermal properties (David S. SMITH)
Influence of porosity on the thermal conductivity of stabilized zirconia.
Influence of the formation of a spinel phase on the dilatometric behaviour of an alumina
based concrete.
-0.4%
0.0%
0.4%
0.8%
1.2%
1.6%
0 500 1000 1500
T (° C)
(2)(3)
(1)
L/Lo (%)
(1) Alumina concrete (2) + spinel (3) + MgO
Example of studies:
- analysis of grain boundary thermal resistance in polycrystalline oxides (Al2O3, SnO2, MgO)
- heat transfer in porous materials: influence of interface in stable and evolutive microstructures
- local heat transfer near pores and grain boundaries in ceramic materials
- preparation and characterisation of ceramic foams with very low thermal conductivity for insulating application
Research topics: thermal properties
Modelling of solid structures and system for the prediction of their behaviour in product design and manufacturing (finite element method):
- thermo-mechanical aspects
- thermo-chemical aspects
Research topics: numerical simulation of refractory behaviour (Alain GASSER)
Crack initiation
Simulation by finite element method of crack initiation in sliding plate gates during
continuous steel casting
Steel ladle simulation
Mesh Temperatures
Plastification Damage
Example of studies:
- simulation accounting for thermo-mechanical and chemistry effects: application to impregnation of refractory by slag
- development of finite element computing tools adapted to complex refractory structure containing thermal expansion joints, anchors, tubes, …: application to steel ladles
- numerical analysis of the thermo-elastic behaviour of heterogeneous materials containing phases with difference of thermal expansion coefficient
Research topics: numerical simulation of refractory behaviour
Free access of the equipments of the different laboratories for:
- chemical analysis (ICP, EDX, …)
- structural characterization (XRD)
- microstructural characterization (mercury porosimetry, granulometer, optical and interferometric microscopes, SEM, TEM, …)
- ceramic processing (rheometers, dryer, kilns (< 1800°C)…)
- characterization of thermal behaviour (dilatometer, DTA, DTG, DSC, calorimeter, …)
- material characterization (acoustic emission facilities, wear and friction tests…)
General equipments
Specific equipments
- For simulation of severe corrosion conditions (1700°C)
- High temperature measurement of Young’s modulus by ultrasonic techniques (1700°C, controlled atmosphere)
- High temperature tensile-compression equipment (1600°C)
- Thermal diffusivity by the Laser Flash technique (1000°C)
- Powerful work stations to perform simulation, and finite element software
- Thermal shock test bench
- IR microscope
- High temperature tribometer (1000°C)
- High temperature spectroscopies (NMR, EPR, Infrared, Raman, Brillouin, X-Ray absorption)
- Contactless devices for analysis applied to molten systems (aerodynamic levitation)
Industrial partners
ProducersProducers
- IMERYS
- SAINT GOBAIN
- VESUVIUS
- T.R.B.
UsersUsers
- EDF
- TERREAL
- ARCELOR
- MESSIER BUGATTI
- AIR LIQUIDE