reflection - dr jj or dr jaafar jantan...

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Copyright DR JJ, ASERG, UiTM, Shah Alam 1

.

Student’s Learning Preferences & the Student’s Learning Preferences & the Need for Concept MappingNeed for Concept Mapping

PHY407 Jan08Voice:+6019-355-1621;

[email protected];http://www3.uitm.edu.my/staff/drjj/index.html

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jaafar Jantan aka DR. JJApplied Science Education Research

Applied Science, UiTM, Shah Alam

Copyright DR JJ, ASERG, UiTM, Shah Alam2

Reflection

““The goal of intellectual education The goal of intellectual education is not how to is not how to repeat or retain readyrepeat or retain ready--made truths… . It is in made truths… . It is in learning to master the truth by oneself at the risk learning to master the truth by oneself at the risk of losing a lot of time and going thru all the of losing a lot of time and going thru all the roundabout waysroundabout ways that are inherent in real that are inherent in real activity.”activity.”

(Jean Piaget, Swiss cognitive psychologist, 1896-1980)

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The Math jargon (or conciseness?)The Math jargon (or conciseness?)

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mK10898.2ttanconsT 3max −×==λ

Wien’sWien’sDisplacement LawDisplacement Law

Lava Lava


Math Conciseness (or driving force?)Math Conciseness (or driving force?)

.

Wien’sWien’sDisplacement LawDisplacement Law

W 95Pnet =Human body shielded by clothing: Human body shielded by clothing: TTbodybody = 301K, = 301K, TTsurrsurr = 305K,emissivity = 305K,emissivity =1, Area = 2 m=1, Area = 2 m22

absorbemitnet PPP −=Total Power emitted by a black bodyTotal Power emitted by a black body

( )4surr

4bodynet TTAP −= σε

Total Power emitted by a Total Power emitted by a black bodyblack body

Planck;sPlanck;s Law of blackbody radiationLaw of blackbody radiation1e

1ch2)(I

kTh2

3

−

= ννν

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Reflection

To those who do not know Mathematics it is To those who do not know Mathematics it is difficult to get across a real feeling as to the difficult to get across a real feeling as to the beauty, the deepest beauty of nature. ... If you beauty, the deepest beauty of nature. ... If you want to learn about nature, to appreciate nature, want to learn about nature, to appreciate nature, it is necessary to understand the language that she it is necessary to understand the language that she speaks in speaks in

(Richard Feynman. 1918-1988.American physicist.

The Character of Physical Law)


“Universities are full of Universities are full of knowledge, the freshmen bring a knowledge, the freshmen bring a little in and the seniors take none little in and the seniors take none away, and knowledge away, and knowledge accumulates.” Abbot Lowellaccumulates.” Abbot Lowell

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Understanding Information & Knowledge Formation

Descriptive A car moving to the right with a velocityvelocity 20 m/s crashed into a stationarystationary lorry. The total momentummomentum must be conservedconserved in the collision.

Pictorially/Graphically

Symbolically: Mathematical representation

pi = pf: (m1v1+m2v2)i = (m1v1+m2v2)f

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“is the way in which each learner begins to concentrate on, process, and retain newand difficult information."(Dunn)

Know Yourself!!Know Yourself!!Learning Styles/preferencesLearning Styles/preferences

simplified MIsimplified MI


What makes meaningful learning What makes meaningful learning difficult??difficult??-- Learning PreferencesLearning Preferences

"...a biologically and developmentally imposed set of personal characteristics that make the same teaching method effective for some students and ineffective for others,..." (Dunn, Beaudry, and Klavas, 1989)

Learning StylesLearning Styles

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What makes meaningful learning What makes meaningful learning difficult??difficult??-- Learning PreferencesLearning Preferences

Felder’s Model Felder’s Model -- 4 domains of 4 domains of information handling: to understand information handling: to understand new knowledgenew knowledge

InputPerceived

Processed

Understood

Newknowledge

ILS


**USA findings,USA findings, ** ** DR. J.J’s (N = 1122)DR. J.J’s (N = 1122)

*42, ** 42Intuitive

prefer theories & interpretations of factual

information.

prefer data and facts. like facts & solve well establish

methods, resent being tested on materials that has not been explicitly covered in

class

*57, ** 58Sensing

Perception

Student’ Learning Preferences:Student’ Learning Preferences:Information Handling DomainsInformation Handling Domains

(Felder’s)(Felder’s)

prefer the spoken or written word.

*30, ** 13Verbal

prefer charts, diagrams and pictures.

*69, ** 87Visual

Input

ILS

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*32, ** 40Reflective

do the processing in their heads

learn best by doing something physical with

the information

*67, **60Active

Processing*USA findings,*USA findings, ** ** DR J.J.’s (N = 1122)DR J.J.’s (N = 1122)

Students’ Learning Preferences:Students’ Learning Preferences:Information Handling DomainsInformation Handling Domains

(Felder’s)(Felder’s)

must get “big picture” before individual pieces fall into place

*28, ** 40Global

easily make linear connections between individual steps

*71, ** 60Sequential

Understanding

ILS


Implications:Implications:

Research on Learning PreferencesResearch on Learning Preferences

0

20

40

60

80

% o

f stu

dent

s

Reflective Intuitive Verbal Sequential

Learning Preferences

Percentage of Students' Preferences Addressed By the Traditional Passive Lecture Method

USAThis work

ILS

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Implications:Implications:

Research on Learning PreferencesResearch on Learning Preferences

010203040506070

% o

f stu

dent

s

Reflective Intuitive Verbal Sequential

Learning Preferences

Percentage of Students' Preferences Addressed by the Traditional Passive Lecture Method According to CGPA

Less than 2: N=12Less than 3: N=90Less than 4: N=49

ILS

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Reflection Reflection

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What is a Concept What is a Concept Map??Map??

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What is a Concept What is a Concept Map??Map??


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Meaningful Vs Rote LearningMeaningful Vs Rote Learning


Key Key Memory Memory

Systems & Systems & How they How they InteractInteract

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Key Key Memory Memory

Systems & Systems & How they How they InteractInteract


What is a Concept Map??What is a Concept Map??

A concept map is a special form of a web diagram for exploring knowledge and gathering and sharing information. Concept mappingConcept mapping is the strategy employed to develop a concept map. A concept map consists of nodes or cells that contain a concept, item or question and links. The links are labeled and denote direction with an arrow head. The labeled links explain the relationship between the nodes. The arrow describes the direction of the relationship and reads like a normal sentence.

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CMAPCMAP

Example: What is a a CMAP Example: What is a a CMAP CMAP

Organizedknowledge

concepts propositionsContext

dependent

Are/is

represents

Perceivedregularities

Effectivelearning

are Are necessary for

forms


CMAPCMAP

to assess understanding or diagnose misunderstanding

to communicate complex ideas

to generate ideas (brain storming, etc.);

Why do Concept MapsWhy do Concept Maps

to design a complex structure (long texts, hypermedia, large web sites, etc.);

to organize material

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CMAPCMAP

to integrate large body of materials

to insert new concepts within existing knowledge structure

to fix learned materials into long-term memory

Why do Concept MapsWhy do Concept Maps

to revise effectively for examinations


CMAPCMAP

Identify segment of text or lab activity or a particular problem or question that you are trying to understand.

How To Do Concept MapsHow To Do Concept Maps

Begin with domain of knowledge that is familiar

Identify key concepts in this domain by listing them.

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CMAPCMAP

What is a force??

Concept Maps ExamplesConcept Maps Examples

Push, pull, frictional Touch, at-a-distance

Gravitational, magnetic, electrical field

Velocity, position, position change, clock reading

Newton’s Laws, motion

Newton, meter, seconds, radians

Charge, mass, radius, length, time interval

Acceleration, linear, angular

Inertia, moment of inertia, torque

FORCE


CMAPCMAP

A Wave is

WaveConcepts

WaveCMAP

Ripples,Water Boats

Interference

Frequency

Sound

amplitude,

Party

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Brainstorm/list out concepts


CMAPCMAP

Approximately, rank order the concepts from most general most inclusive to most specific least general concept


Construct a preliminary concept map. Best done by writing concepts on sticker notes for ease of moving it around during building the hierarchy.

Revise the map - more than 3X

A Wave is

WaveCMAP

WaveConcepts

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Rank the concepts

General to specific


CMAPCMAP

Find the cross-links (concepts linked across domains)


Add domains and more cross-links every time new knowledge is learned.

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CMAPCMAP--Your taskYour task

Construct a CMAP

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What is a Concept Map??What is a Concept Map??

CMAPCMAP

Example: Hierarchical Concept Maps Example: Hierarchical Concept Maps

Your Assignment: Group-work

Write each concept on a piece of post-it and place them on a mahjung paper according to the hierarchy. Now link up the concepts by writing down the linkwords and drawing the arrowheads. You are now mapping the concepts.REVISE, REVISE, REVISE

Brainstorm at least 20 concepts associated with the question.

Rank-order them hierarchically with the question being at the top and the more specific concepts at the bottom.

Focus Question: What is a force??

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CMAPCMAP

Example: Hierarchical Concept Maps Example: Hierarchical Concept Maps

Your Take-home Assignment: Group-work

You are now mapping the concepts.

REVISE, REVISE, REVISE

Brainstorm at least 20 concepts associated with the question.

Rank-order them hierarchically with the question being at the top and the more specific concepts at the bottom.

Focus Question: What is electrostatics??

Submit at the beginning of next class.

ConclusionConclusion

""One who learns by finding out has sevenfold One who learns by finding out has sevenfold the skill of the one who learned by being told.the skill of the one who learned by being told.““-- Arthur Arthur GuttermanGutterman

""The roots of education are bitter, but the fruit is The roots of education are bitter, but the fruit is sweet." sweet." --Aristotle Aristotle

IHMC

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CMAPCMAP

Chemical Bonding

Concept Maps ActivitiesConcept Maps Activities

Electro-chemistry

Photon

Light

Electromagnetic Induction

Photon

Light

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