refining mdg targets and indicators for the urban poor: some provocative thoughts - paper

8/8/2019 Refining MDG targets and indicators for the urban poor: Some provocative thoughts - paper

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]fk wnk|x kvrtkxxkm ne }fnx rarkt*rtkxke}a}nje atk }fk wnk|x jg }fk a{}fjt&x. aem mj ej} ekhkxxatnc~ tkgckh} }fkwnk|x jt rjcnhnkx jg }fk Axnae Mkwkcjroke} Daei &AMD.# jt n}x Djatm jg Mntkh}jtx# jt }fk ljwkteoke}x }fk~tkrtkxke}% AMD mjkx ej} l{atae}kk }fk xj{thk# jtnlneacn}~# ahh{tah~# hjorck}kekxx jt tkcnadncn}~ jg ae~ x}a}koke}#negjtoa}nje# ma}a# gnemnel# ne}ktrtk}a}nje# amwnhk# jrnenje# jt wnk| rtkxke}km# ejt mjkx n} oaik ae~ tkrtkxke}a}njehjehktenel }fk xaok%

Tkgnenel }fk ]atlk}x aem Nemnha}jtx jg }fk OMLx gjt }fk [tdae Rjjt0Xjok Rtjwjha}nwk ]fj{lf}x

d~0 Gcjtnae X}knedktl# Axnae Mkwkcjroke} Daei1

X[OOAT^

Ne 4212 [E/Fadn}a} r{dcnxfkm n}x X}a}k jg }fk \jtcmx Hn}nkx 4212*4211 tkrjt} je dtnmlnel }fk{tdae mnwnmk |fnhf hjewk~km }fa} a oa`jt dtkai}ftj{lf fax dkke ahfnkwkm ne }fk tkm{h}nje jgxc{o m|kccktx ne }fk mkwkcjrnel |jtcm% Rtjltkxx ne Hfnea# Nemna aem Nemjekxna |ax a}}tnd{}km }j}fkxk mkwkcjroke}x% Nemkkm# }fk }atlk} jg nortjwnel }fk cnwkx jg 122 onccnje xc{o m|kccktx |axahfnkwkm 12 ~katx afkam jg }nok% [rje xht{}ne~ jg }fk [E/Fadn}a} ma}a n} arrkatx fj|kwkt# }fa}}fk kwnmkehk rtkxke}km nx }fne# aem }fk ok}fjm jg x{dx}ae}na}nje cahinel% ]fnx rarkt x{llkx}x}fa} mkwkcjrnel hj{e}tnkx# mjejtx aem [E/Fadn}a} ekkm }j {emkt}aik gtkxf kggjt}x }j x}tkel}fke}atlk}nel okaenelg{c ahhjorcnxfoke} aem ojen}jtnel jg OML


2/12

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Ne 4212# [E/Fadn}a} tkrjt}km }fa} |jtcm/|nmk }fk adxjc{}k e{odkt jg xc{o/m|kccktx fax ah}{acc~nehtkaxkm gtjo adj{} %


3/12

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{ea{}fjtnpkm xk}}ckoke}x aem nortjwkm ahhkxx }j xktwnhkm cj|/hjx} fj{xnel aem x{dxnmnpkmfj{xnel gneaehk9 aem &nw. kehj{talkoke} jg }fk {tdae rjjt }j rat}nhnra}k ne mkhnxnje/oainel%%

6Ax ne gjj}ej}k 8# r% =2%

>Ax ne gjj}ej}k 8# r% v%

12Ax ne gjj}ej}k 8# r% 8># Gnl{tk 1%8%1

11Ax ne gjj}ej}k 8# r% =># kemej}kx 7 aem


4/12

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d% xaen}a}njeh% xjcnm |ax}k hjcckh}njem% mtanealk aem gcjjm hje}tjck% kckh}tnhn}~ aem j}fkt xktwnhkx

&nw. xkh{tk }ke{tk%

]fk ahfnkwkoke} jg OMLx |ncc ej} dk hjorck}k ng a}}ke}nje nx ej} lnwke }j hjehtk}k okax{tkx }jmkac |n}f kvnx}nel xc{ox aem }fk rtkwke}nje jg ek| jekx% ]fnx tkq{ntkx ej} jec~ hje}ne{km d{}tknegjthkm a}}ke}nje% ]fk gjccj|nel xkh}nje |ncc dk mkacnel |n}f a xk} jg x{llkx}njex fj| nehc{xnwk{tdae mkwkcjroke} hae dk ahfnkwkm%

Arratke}c~# [E/Fadn}a} nx x{ggktnel gtjo a xhathn}~ jg tkxj{thkx# aem }fk L[J ne rat}nh{catxkkox {emkt/tkxj{thkm%

Xnehk }fk jtnlneac }atlk} jg }fk OML


5/12

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wnk|x jt rjcnhnkx jg }fk Axnae Mkwkcjroke} Daei &AMD.# jt n}x Djatm jg Mntkh}jtx# jt }fk ljwkteoke}x }fk~tkrtkxke}% AMD mjkx ej} l{atae}kk }fk xj{thk# jtnlneacn}~# ahh{tah~# hjorck}kekxx jt tkcnadncn}~ jg ae~ x}a}koke}#negjtoa}nje# ma}a# gnemnel# ne}ktrtk}a}nje# amwnhk# jrnenje# jt wnk| rtkxke}km# ejt mjkx n} oaik ae~ tkrtkxke}a}njehjehktenel }fk xaok%

w{cektadncn}nkx# nehtkaxk fjok nortjwkoke} aem kvraexnje nen}na}nwkx xj ax }j nortjwk ahjoo{en}~x q{acn}~ jg cngk# aem kvraem n}x cnwkcnfjjm jrrjt}{en}nkx ne ae ne}klta}km oaeekt%

Xfkc}kt {rltamnel rtjltaox% Tkhke} mnxax}ktx fawk mkojex}ta}km `{x} fj| w{cektadckkvnx}nel xfkc}kt nx# kxrkhnacc~ rjjtc~ hjex}t{h}km aem rtjwnxnjeac xfkc}kt jg }fk rjjt% Hjemn}njexne Fan}n# ej} {ecnik }fjxk ne Axnax {tdae atkax# xktwk ax ae kvaorck jg |fa} eklckh} hae okae%Gjh{xkm tk}tjgn} rtjltaox ne xc{ox |j{cm tkm{hk w{cektadncn}~ aem hacc a}}ke}nje }j }fk nxx{k%]fk gneaehnel hj{cm dk }ftj{lf hjoo{en}~/daxkm gneaehnac ke}n}nkx aem onhtjgneaehkjtlaenpa}njex ax ek| rat}ektx%

Hjoo{en}~ gahncn}nkx tk}tjgn} rtjltaox% Kq{acc~ w{cektadck atk }fk hjoo{en}~ gahncn}nkx}ftj{lfj{} Axna aem }fk Rahngnh# nehc{mnel xhfjjcx# }fa} |ktk }j dk xagk fawkex gjt x}{mke}x aemhjoo{en}~ okodktx m{tnel aem ag}kt mnxax}ktx aem {etkx}% Tkhke} kvrktnkehkx ne Axnax{hfax ne Nemna# Rainx}ae# aem }fk RTHfawk ncc{x}ta}km `{x} fj| w{cektadck xhfjjcx atk%

Negtax}t{h}{tk tk}tjgn} rtjltaox% Kvnx}nel negtax}t{h}{tk hae dk oamk ojtk tkxncnke} }j hcnoa}khfaelk norah}x aem mnxax}kt kwke}x jg nehtkaxnel gtkq{keh~ aem ne}kexn}~% Xkltkla}nel xktwnhkx~x}kox aem nex}accnel hje}tjc wacwkx xkltkla}k maoalkm xkloke}x jg rnrk hae cnon} maoalkaem oane}ane xagk |a}kt x{rrcnkx kxrkhnacc~ norjt}ae} ne }nokx jg koktlkehnkx%

Fnx}jtnh {tdae atkax hjexktwa}nje% Fnx}jtnh {tdae atkax atk {emkt{}ncnpkm axxk}x jg a hn}~%]fk~ a}}tah} }j{tnxo# |fnhf nx a ltj|nel xj{thk jg korcj~oke} gjt }fk rjjt ne xktwnhk nem{x}tnkx%Fnx}jtnh {tdae atkax atk acxj }fk fjok }j nehtkaxnel e{odktx jg rjjt onltae}x jhh{r~nelxfatkm gahncn}nkx |n}f cnon}km xktwnhkx# ng ae~ a} acc% Nortjwnel }fk fnx}jtnh fj{xnel x}jhi mjkx ej}


6/12

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ekhkxxatnc~ okae lke}tngnha}nje d{} hae acxj dk hattnkm j{} ne x{rrjt} jg }fk gaoncnkx cnwnel ne }fk}kekoke}x ax hjjrkta}nwkx jt je a ckaxkfjcm daxnx# aem a} }fk xaok }nok hjexktwk }fk fnx}jtnhwac{k jg }fk atkax% Gneaehnel hjexktwa}nje tkq{ntkx neejwa}nwk okhfaenxox }j harn}acnpkonhtjckemktx aem xjcnmatn}~ ltj{rx }j je/ckem }j xkcg/fkcr ltj{rx aem xoacc/xhack mkwkcjrktx%

[tdae fktn}alk mnx}tnh}x ne Ia}foaem{% Xj{thk0 G%X}knedktl

[tdae fktn}alk mnx}tnh}x ne Dkn`nel% Xj{thk0 G%X}knedktl

Fj{xnel gneaehk x{rrjt}% X{rrjt} }j }fk gjtoac fj{xnel gneaehk x~x}ko hae }atlk}onhtjgneaehk ke}n}nkx# ejeljwkteoke} jtlaenpa}njex &ELJx.# aem hjoo{en}~/daxkmjtlaenpa}njex &HDJx. xktwnel }fk rjjt% Htkmn} gjt fj{xnel aem fjok nortjwkoke}x nx a ltj|neljrrjt}{en}~ gjt gjtoac xkh}jt fj{xnel nex}n}{}njex% Hje}tjccnel tnxi |jtinel |n}f onhtjgneaehkke}n}nkx aem ELJx fax dkke kefaehkm }ftj{lf }khfejcjl~ x{hf ax rtkranm ra~oke}okhfaenxox aem mnln}ac ojen}jtnel jg ra~oke}x% D{ci ckemnel }j onhtjgneaehk ke}n}nkx#hjoo{en}~/daxkm gneaehnac jtlaenpa}njex# aem ELJx jggktx nortjwkm jrrjt}{en}nkx gjt rjjtgaoncnkx }j lane ahhkxx }j htkmn} }j nortjwk }fknt cnwkcnfjjm aem cnwnel hjemn}njex% ]khfenhacaxxnx}aehk gjt |jtinel j{} }fk ojmacn}nkx# }ktox# aem hjemn}njex gjt d{ci ckemnel hjex}n}{}k aenorjt}ae} harahn}~ d{ncmnel axrkh} gjt mjejt x{rrjt}%

Xc{ox jgFjrk jt Xc{ox jg Mkxrant

Oae~ negjtoac xk}}ckoke}x ne Axna aem }fk Rahngnh oa~ dk cadkckm ax xc{ox% Fj|kwkt# n} ekkmx}j dk ej}km }fa} }fkxk negjtoac xk}}ckoke}x atk ej} {engjto# aem acc mnggkt% Nex}kam jg dknelr{tkc~ ae kewntjeoke}ac aem xjhnac rtjdcko# oae~ jg }fkxk tkrtkxke} fjrkx aem jrrjt}{en}nkx#ta}fkt }fae `{x} dknel }fk rtjdcko n}xkcg% Xc{o nefadn}ae}x jg}ke xkk }fkxk xk}}ckoke}x axjrrjt}{en}nkx# aem }fk~ |ncc mj kwkt~}fnel rjxxndck }j nortjwk jt {rltamk }fko% ]fkxkhjemn}njex hae dk ne x}ati hje}tax} }j }fjxk atkax |fktk }fktk nx cnon}km xhjrk rf~xnhacc~ aemkewntjeoke}acc~ gjt tkl{catnpa}nje aem nortjwkoke}# jg}ke iej|e ax xc{ox jg mkxrant%


7/12

wnk|x jt rjcnhnkx jg }fk Axnae Mkwkcjroke} Daei &AMD.# jt n}x Djatm jg Mntkh}jtx# jt }fk ljwkteoke}x }fk~tkrtkxke}% AMD mjkx ej} l{atae}kk }fk xj{thk# jtnlneacn}~# ahh{tah~# hjorck}kekxx jt tkcnadncn}~ jg ae~ x}a}koke}#negjtoa}nje# ma}a# gnemnel# ne}ktrtk}a}nje# amwnhk# jrnenje# jt wnk| rtkxke}km# ejt mjkx n} oaik ae~ tkrtkxke}a}njehjehktenel }fk xaok%

On}nla}nje negtax}t{h}{tk% ]fk mkgnen}nje jg {tdae negtax}t{h}{tk o{x} ej| dk kvraemkm }jnehc{mk on}nla}nje negtax}t{h}{tk9 }fk norah}x jg hcnoa}k hfaelk aem ea}{tac mnxax}ktx je hn}nkxej| tkq{ntk n}% On}nla}nje negtax}t{h}{tk dkhjokx a htn}nhac hjorjeke} jg {tdae rcaeenel aem |ncc

negc{kehk fj| aem |fa} inem jg caem |ncc dk mkwkcjrkm9 }fk cjha}nje jg cngkcnek gahncn}nkx# xhfjjcx#aem xagk fawkex9 aem }fk d{ncmnel x}aematmx gjt onvkm/{xk# fnlf/mkexn}~# aem cj|/tnxk fj{xnel%On}nla}nje negtax}t{h}{tk nehc{mkx hn}~|nmk gcjjm hje}tjc x~x}kox x{hf ax }fa} ne Ncjncj ne }fkRfncnrrnekx9 katc~ |atenel x~x}kox ne ]fancaem aem Nemjekxna9 xn}k rtj}kh}nje xhfkokx9 aemtk}anenel |accx aem xka ltjnex ne Xtn Caeia }j rtj}kh} dkahfgtje} gnxfnel hjoo{en}nkx aemhjax}ac hn}nkx%

L{nmkm caem mkwkcjroke} aem xn}kx aem xktwnhkx rtjltaox% AMD x{rrjt} gjt rtjah}nwk caemmkwkcjroke} ne {tdae kvraexnje atkax |ncc tamnhacc~ hfaelk }fk }kejt jg cjhac ljwkteaehk }fa} nxej| x}{hi ne a h~hck jg tkah}nwk tkokmnac kggjt}x }j {rltamk kvnx}nel xq{a}}kt atkax% Ek| xn}kxaem xktwnhkx hae l{nmk }fk {tdae rjr{ca}nje }j xagk |kcc/xktwnhkm xk}}ckoke}x% Ng }fktk atk ejxfkc}kt ac}ktea}nwkx awancadck gjt cj|/nehjok gaoncnkx# hn}nkx |ncc ac|a~x dk aggcnh}km |n}f xc{ox

aem negjtoac xk}}ckoke}x aem }fknt rtjdckox jg jwkthtj|mnel# w{cektadncn}~# aem q{acn}~ jg cngknxx{kx%

Neejwa}nwk xfkc}kt xjc{}njex% Nehtkoke}ac fj{xnel gka}{tkx hjtk fj{xnel aem xn}k aem xktwnhkxax }fk rtkgkttkm }~rk jg rf~xnhac xjc{}njex awancadck }j }fk rjjt mkrkemnel je }fk harahn}~ jg agaonc~ }j ra~% Fj{xk aem rcj} xjc{}njex atk dknel cjjikm a} mnggktke}c~ ax hcnoa}k hfaelknorah}x atk dknel gkc}% ]fk xfark jg hn}nkx oa~ hfaelk }j ahhjoojma}k a hcnoa}k xkexndncn}~%Fnlfkt mkexn}nkx ne neekt/hn}~ o{c}n/gaonc~ |aci/{r arat}oke}x atk }jma~ wnk|km ax dknel ojtkltkke xnehk }fk~ tkm{hk {tdae xrta|c aem hjoo{}nel% Fj| }fk nxx{k jg hcnoa}k hfaelk aem


10/12

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}fk mkoaemx n} rcahkx je }fk d{nc} kewntjeoke} norah}x fj{xnel mkxnle aem jr}njex tkoanex }jdk xkke# ax arat}oke} cnwnel gjt x}tkk} m|kccktx fax tkhknwkm onvkm tkwnk|x% Nehc{xnwk {tdaetkmkwkcjroke} hae x{rrjt} rncj} rtj`kh}x jg okmn{o/mkexn}~ }ftj{lf okmn{o/tnxk arat}oke}x}fa} oa~ dk h{c}{tacc~ ahhkr}adck aem a} }fk xaok }nok hje}tnd{}k }j a ojtk cnwadck hn}~ }fa} nxxjhnacc~ nehc{xnwk% Kelnekktnel aem hjoo{en}~ rat}nhnra}nje hae hje}tnd{}k }j ojtk hcnoa}kxkexn}nwk {tdae ltj|}f% ]fnx ek| tkca}njexfnr tkq{ntkx mjejt x{rrjt}%

4% Ejex}t{h}{tac X{rrjt}nwk Nen}na}nwkx

Negjtoa}nje daxk% Aex|ktnel }fk q{kx}nje Fj| mj N iej| |fa} N }fnei N iej|: rtjwjikx atkwnk| jg }fk negjtoa}nje daxk jg a hn}~% [emktx}aemnel |fa} ekkmx }j dk mjek }ftj{lf ae{rma}km nehc{xnwk negjtoa}nje daxk nx }fk daxnx gjt rcaeenel aem norckoke}nel }atlk}kmnortjwkoke}x ne }fk d{nc} kewntjeoke}%

]ke{tk tkxjc{}nje% Tkxjcwnel }ke{tk nxx{kx nx htn}nhac }j nortjwnel xc{ox9 |n}fj{} }ke{tkgaoncnkx |ncc cnon} }fknt newkx}oke}x ne }fk xkh{tn}~ aem tkxncnkehk jg }fknt fjokx aem xn}kx% ]fk}ke{tk xn}{a}nje jg negjtoac xk}}ckoke}x |j{cm dk jek jg }fk ik~ ma}a xk}x }j dk nehc{mkm ne }fkhn}~ negjtoa}nje daxk%

Km{ha}nje% A|atkekxx haoranlex ekkm }j gjh{x je xc{o nortjwkoke}x# tkcjha}njejrrjt}{en}nkx aem ek| xfkc}kt jr}njex# fapatm oaealkoke}# mnxax}kt rtkratkmekxx# |a}kt aemxaen}a}nje nxx{kx# fkac}f nxx{kx# ahhkxx }j htkmn} aem hjex}t{h}nje }khfejcjlnkx nortjwkoke}#aojel j}fkt }fnelx%

Harahn}~ d{ncmnel% Harahn}~ d{ncmnel gjt ea}njeac aem cjhac ljwkteoke}x9 rtnwa}k xkh}jt9 ELJxaem hjoo{en}~/daxkm jtlaenpa}njex hae fkcr nortjwk cnwkcnfjjm jrrjt}{en}nkx aem ahhkxx }jhtkmn}9 nortjwkm tkxncnke} d{ncmnel }khfejcjlnkx9 aem }taexratke} rtj`kh} mkxnle# oaealkoke}#aem norckoke}a}nje%

Hjmkx aem Mkwkcjroke} X}aematmx% Hjmkx aem x}aematmx ekkm }j dk gjto{ca}km }fa}

ahhjoojma}k nehtkoke}ac fj{xnel aem negtax}t{h}{tk mkwkcjroke}# tkxncnke} d{ncmnel ok}fjmxaem tk}tjgn} l{nmaehk%

HJEHC[XNJEX

[E/Fadn}a}x X}a}k jg }fk \jtcmx Hn}nkx 4212*4211 tkrjt} tanxkx ojtk q{kx}njex }fae n} haeaex|kt# aem }f{x kvrjxkx |kaiekxxkx ne }fk h{ttke} x}a}{x aem q{acn}~ jg OML |jti% N} }tnllktxq{kx}njex adj{} }fk xj{thkx jg ma}a hjor{}a}njex# aem |fk}fkt ae~ x{dx}ae}nac x}{mnkx fawkdkke {emkt}aike% ]fnx acxj tanxkx }fk q{kx}nje |fk}fkt rktxjeac kx}noa}kx &xkk gjj}ej}k 11.hae dk hjexnmktkm a x{ggnhnke} aem amkq{a}k xj{thk gjt norjt}ae} rat}x ne }fk X}a}{x jg }fk\jtcmx Hn}nkx tkrjt}% N} xkkox jdwnj{x }fa} }fktk nx a ekkm }j nortjwk hj{e}t~ x~x}kox aem [E/

Fadn}a}x harahn}~ }j rtjm{hk dk}}kt ma}a je OML rtjltkxx% G{emnel aem mjejt x{rrjt} }j }fkah}nwn}nkx jg }fk Lcjdac [tdae Jdxktwa}jt~ ekkmx }j dk tkwnxn}km ng }fk ahfnkwkoke} jg OML < nxxktnj{xc~ dknel r{tx{km% A ojtk tkckwae} }atlk}# jg ;2+ jg }fk kvrkh}km xc{o rjr{ca}nje a}4242# xfj{cm ta}fkt dk }fk kx}adcnxfkm }atlk} gjt }fk hjonel mkhamk% Ng hn}nkx atk ej} adck }j mkac|n}f }fknt x}ncc oaxxnwk xc{o rtjdcko# }fk~ atk cnikc~ }j tnxi kewntjeoke}ac aem fkac}f }atlk}x aemt{e }fk tnxi jg `kjratmnpnel }fk khjejonh rktgjtoaehk jg }fknt j|e khjejonh x{hhkxx% A mjej}fnel/ arrtjahf nx {eahhkr}adck ej} jec~ gtjo a OML rktxrkh}nwk# d{} acxj gtjo }fk ljac jgoainel hn}nkx hjork}n}nwk aem nehc{xnwk% Hn}nkx aem ljwkteoke}x ekkm }j |knlf }fkxk jr}njex%


11/12

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Arrkemnv 1

[tdae Axna aem Xc{ox

[TDAE RJR[CA]NJE A] ONM/^KAT D^ OA@JT ATKA#TKLNJE AEM HJ[E]T^ &]fj{xaemx.

RTJRJT]NJE JG [TDAE RJR[CA]NJECNWNEL NE XC[O ATKA

[TDAE XC[O RJR[CA]NJE A] ONM/^KAT D^OA@JT ATKA# TKLNJE AEM HJ[E]T^&]fj{xaemx.

Oa`jt atka#tklnje#hj{e}t~ jtatka

1>>2 1>>; 4222 422; 422< 1>>2 1>>; 4222 422; 422< 1>>2 1>>; 4222 422; 422 ;71#4;1 =8%7 =2%; 8 81%2 18#722 1< 1#=7= 1#=>< 76%; 77%< 7=%> ; ; 67;%6 >2;%8 >27%6 6=7 46 84#6>8 8>#8;1 =4#1>1 6 17%> ;4%6 ;4%6 4#164 4#;17 4#6#66> 12#1>>

@jtmae 4#8;2 8#877 8##142 42#186 16%2 8#==4

X~tnae AtadTkr{dcnh

7#44= 12#=> 86#>#2>< ;1#121 48%= 42%< 1 1;%; 1=%1 =< 6#2;; 11


12/12

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Rtjrjt}nje jg [tdae Rjr{ca}nje Cnwnel ne Xc{ox 1>>24212

[tdae Rjr{ca}nje a} Onm/^kat d~ Oa`jt Atka# Tklnje &]fj{xaemx. a [tdae Xc{o Rjr{ca}nje a} Onm/~kat d~ Tklnje &]fj{xaemx.d

Oa`jt tklnjejt atka

1>>2 1>>; 4222 422; 422< 4212 1>>2 1>>; 4222 422; 422< 4212

MkwkcjrnelTklnjex

1#=4=#781 1#7=>#4== 4#481#668 4#8;2#8;6 4#;8=#>=#2>> =84#;;= ==6#227 =4#2=1 1>1#2##8;; 17>#>62 427#764%7 4=;#6>;%; 474#121 467#; 7>#24> =4 6=#218 68#14

\kx}kte Axna 6=#;6= >6#>44 118#>%> 14>#8;;%1 18;#;#276 41#=24 48#=61 88#866 8=#1 8;#2 1>>; 4222 422; 422< 4212 1>>2 1>>; 4222 422; 422< 4212

MkwkcjrnelTklnjex

8=%> 8%8 8;%< 8=%8 84% 8

refining mdg targets and indicators for the urban poor: some provocative thoughts - paper

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