Reference Applications

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Content

Application Areas

Basic Distillation Tasks

Examples

Epoxy Resins

Synthetic Vitamin E

Deacidification of Edible Oil

Stripping of PU-Prepolymers

Monoglyceride

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

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Application Areas

Fine Chemicals and Pharmaceutical Intermediates

• Fatty acid derivatives

• Alkaloids and Derivatives

• Synthetic Vitamins

• UV stabilizers

• Sugar Derivatives

Mineral Oil Products and Renewable

Resources

• Paraffines

• PE Waxes

• Waste Oil

• Biodiesel

Plastics and Additives

• Epoxy Resins

• Polyurethane Prepolymers

• Acrylates

Cosmetics and Natural Products

• Wool Waxes

• Squalene

• Fragrances

• Essential Oils

Food and Animal Feed Additives

• Monoglyceride

• Natural Vitamins (Tocopherole)

• ω-3 Fatty Acid Derivatives

• Phytosterole

• Flavours

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Basic Distillation Tasks: Stripping of Light Volatiles

Removal of light volatiles from a main fraction

Typical candidates

Solvents with boiling temperatures > 150 °C at ambient pressure

Monomers from polymers or pre-polymers

Free fatty acids from glycerides

Main Fraction Light

Volatiles

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Basic Distillation Tasks: Distillation of Main Fraction

Purification of main fraction by distillation

Typical candidates:

Substances with molar mass > 180 g/mol

Substances with boiling temperatures > 150 °C at 1 mbar

Main Fraction Low

Volatiles

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Basic Distillation Tasks: Fractionation

Separation of multi-component mixtures

Typical candidates:

Mono-, Di-, Tri- and Oligomers

Mixtures of homologous substances, e.g.,

Paraffin waxes

Fatty acid mixtures

Fatty acid esters

Middle Fraction 2 Residue Middle Fraction 1 Light

Volatiles

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0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1

0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1

cut ratio (distillate/feed)

xA in

th

e d

isti

lla

te

α = 2

α = 5

α = 10

α = 50

Binary Mixture, Components A and B, xA = xB = 0.5

Separation Efficiency and Yield

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A B

α = 5

Destillate

Residue

75 % A

25 % A

α = 50

95 % A

5 % A

Distillation of 50 % of a binary solution:

Separation Efficiency and Yield: Example

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Monomer

Dimer and

Oligomers

Technical Monomer

Monomer Dimer Oligomer

Distillation of Epoxy Resins

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T ~ 200 °C p ~ 0,5 mbar

Feed

Residue: Mono-, Di- and Oligomers

Distillate: ~ 95-98% Monomer

Distillation of Epoxy Resins

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Distillation of Synthetic Vitamin E (dl-Alpha-Tocopherol)

Tocopherol

General Structure of Tocopherols

Reaction Mixture

Excessive Feed Material Low Volatiles (Polymers etc.)

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Feed Material

T ~ 185 °C

p ~ 0,1 mbar

Distillate 1:

Recycling

to reaction mixture Distillate 2

Tocopherol

T ~ 215 °C

p ~ 0,01 mbar

Residue

Heavy Volatiles

Distillation of Synthetic Vitamin E (dl-Alpha-Tocopherol)

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Triglycerides FFA

Degummed crude Edible Oil

Free Fatty Acid (FFA) HO - R

Generic Structure of Triglycerides

O - R

O - R

O - R

R = -COCxHy

x ≥ 13

De-Acidification of Edible Oils

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T ~ 190 °C p ~ 0,002 mbar

Feed

Residue FFA < 0,1 %

Destillate: FFA

De-Acidification of Edible Oils

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– O – R 1 – O – C - NH – R 2 – NH - C – n

=

O

=

O

Prepolymer Monomer Crude Prepolymer

Polyurethane (PU)

Monomers, e.g.,

MDI and TDI

Stripping of PU Prepolymers

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Distillate 1 Monomer

Distillate 2 Monomer

Residue 2 Monomer < 0,1%

Feed

T ~ 140 °C

p ~ 1-2 mbar

T ~ 160 °C

p ~ 0,05 mbar

Stripping of PU Prepolymers

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Crude Monoglycerides

Generic Structure

of Monoglycerides

O - R

O - H

O - H

R = -CO-CxHy

x ≥ 13

Monoglycerides Exc. Glycerol Diglycerides Tri-

glycerides

Distillation of Monoglycerides

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Destillate 1 Excessive Glycerol

Residue 2 Di- and Triglycerides

Feed

Destillate 2 Monoglyceride 90+

Distillation of Monoglycerides

T ~ 210 °C

p ~ 1 mbar

T ~ 205 °C

p ~ 0,01 mbar

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4,7,10,13,16,19 Docosahexaenic acid (DHA)

5,8,11,14,17 Eicosapentaenic acid (EPA)

Distillation of ω-3 Fatty Acids

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Distillation of ω-3 Fatty Acids

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Distillation of ω-3 Fatty Acids

Thank you for your kind attention!

주식회사 케미스카이독일 VTA, UIC사 대한민국 공식 파트너

TEL 031-472-0123　FAX 031-472-6910WEB www.chemisky.co.kr