Reducing CO2 from Transport

Energy Saving TrustTeresa Jackson

Car choice

Top ten fuel efficient cars

Smarter Driving

Search for “Act on CO2” on the web

Car sharing

Our Key Messages

Choose a fuel efficient car

Drive it efficiently

Use it less

Choose a fuel efficient/low CO2 car

Vehicle Emissions

COCarbon

Monoxide

CO2

Carbon dioxide

NOx

Oxides of NitrogenDescribes a number of

combinations of nitrogen and oxygen molecule

i.e. NO, NO2 or N2O

Unburnt Hydrocarbons

Small droplets of unburnt fuel. These are very

carcinogenic.

Particulates Fine particles can have an adverse effect on human

health.

CO2 and NO2 are green-house

gases. They cause global

warming

Fuel consumed is directly linked to amount of CO2 emitted

Fuel and CO2

Choosing a fuel efficient car

Choosing a low CO2 car=

The figures

• Fuel consumption Urban, Extra Urban and combined

• CO2 emissions

• Air quality emissions

• More information from Vehicle Certification Agency www.vcacarfueldata.org.uk

New car models are tested using the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) to establish:

CO2 emissions 119 g/km

Urban mpg 48.6

Extra Urban mpg (out of town)

74.2

Combined mpg 62.7

Green label

Ford Focus 1.6 TDCi Zetec

CO2 emissions 130 g/km

Urban mpg 46.3

Extra Urban mpg (out of town)

61.4

Combined mpg 57.9

Green label

Renault Laguna 1.5 dCi Dynamique

CO2 emissions 374 g/km

Urban mpg 12.4

Extra Urban mpg (out of town)

23.7

Combined mpg 17.8

Green label

Range Rover Sport 4.2 V8 HSE

Choose a low CO2 car

BMW 540 Petrol

CO2 emissions  

232 g/km

Green label  

        

Combined fuel consumption

 

29.1 mpg

BMW 520 Diesel

CO2 emissions  

136 g/km

Green label  

        

Combined fuel consumption

 

55.4 mpg

Choose a low CO2 car

VW Golf 1.6 FSI Auto (petrol)

CO2 emissions  

182 g/km

Green label  

        

Combined fuel consumption

 

37.2 mpg

VW Golf 1.9TDi Bluemotion

CO2 emissions  

119 g/km

Green label  

        

Combined fuel consumption

 

62.8 mpg

Petrol or diesel?

• Diesel is more efficient so uses less fuel – so CO2 is less

• Petrol has lower air quality emissions

• Diesel cars with a Diesel Particulate Filter are the best of both worlds.

• BUT…

Petrol or diesel?

• Diesel cars are more expensive (+£1000)

• Diesel fuel is more expensive (+15p p/l)

Diesel is more efficient but due to higher costs, may not

be the most economical option. Consumers need to

weigh up costs and mileage to make the best decision.

• Vehicle excise duty

• Fuel duty

• Company car tax (benefit in kind)

• Employer’s National Insurance

• Business Writing down allowances

• Congestion charges?

UK tax, fuel and CO2

Vehicle Excise Duty

New VED (road tax) bands and rates – cars registered after March 2001

2008-091 2009-10 2010-11

VED Band

CO2 emissions (g/km)

Standard rate (£)

CO2 emissions (g/km)

Standard rate (£)

First year Rate (£)

Standard Rate4

(£)

A Up to 100 0 Up to 100 0 0 0

B 101-120 35 101-110 35 0 20

C 121-150 120 111-120 35 0 30

D 151-165 145 121-130 120 0 90

E 166-185 170 131-140 120 115 110

F Over 186­2 210 141-150 125 125 125

G Over 2263 400 151-160 150 155 155

H 161-170 175 250 180

I 171-180 175 300 200

J 181-200 215 425 235

K 201-225 215 550 245

L 226-255 405 750 425

M Over 255 405 950 435

1 2008-09 rates take effect from 13 March 2008.2 Cars registered before 23 March 2006.3 Cars registered on or after 23 March 2006.4 Alternative fuel car discount: 2009-10 £20 bands A-I, £15 bands J-M; 2010-11 £10 all cars.

•Look for best in class on CO2

•Check the car label

•Consider downsizing

•Evaluate the best fuel technology

Advice on choosing a fuel efficient car

• Best in class: Search for Act on CO2

Saving £500 p/a best in class v average (12k miles)

• Vehicle Certification Agency: www.vcacarfueldata.org.uk

• What Car?: www.whatcar.co.uk

• Coolest Car: www.coolestcar.co.uk

Sources of information

New Cars

Sources of information

• Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders:

www.smmt.co.uk/co2

• Parkers: www.parkers.co.uk

• DVLA Vehicle Enquiry:

http://www.taxdisc.direct.gov.uk/EvlPortalApp/index.jsp

Used Cars

Alternative Fuels and Technologies

Alternative technologies and fuels

Optimisingpetrol/diesel

Hybrids

Biofuels

LPG

Electric

• Stop/start

• Gear shift indicators

• Regenerative braking

• Electronic gear box

• Low rolling resistance tyres

• Weight reduction

• Aerodynamic changes

Optimising petrol and diesel

Hybrids

• Petrol and electric powered

• Main products in the UK from Toyota, Lexus and Honda

• Very low on CO2 ratings

• Main benefit in city driving

• Perform poorly on the open road

• Diesel hybrids on the way

Hybrids

• Top Gear’s item on Toyota Prius versus the BMW M3

• 10 laps, Prius going flat out, around the track

• Toyota Prius = 17 mpg

• BMW M3 = 19 mpg

A hybrid does not always achieve the lowest fuel

consumption

Regulated Biofuels

Fuel produced from crops

• Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) 5% all UK fuel

• Greater blends available:B30 – 30% biodieselE85 – 85% bioethanol

• No cost benefit

• CO2 benefits vary

• Limited infrastructure although improving

Unregulated Biofuels

Pure plant oil or Recycled cooking oil:

Car manufacturers do not warranty their vehicles when using these unregulated fuels.

The Energy Saving Trust does not advise customers to use pure plant oil or waste oil as this could

damage engines.

LPG

Liquefied Petroleum Gas

• Improved air quality emissions

• Some CO2 benefit over petrol

• ½ the cost of petrol but reducing tax incentive

• Car runs less efficiently

Electric

CO2 for electric cars:

Peugeot 106 electrique from grid electricity

100-110g/km

G-Wiz from grid electricity

65g/km

Charge from renewables

near 0g/km

Ford Fiesta econetic

98g/km

Electric

Electric cars

• Average range = 50 miles

• Average speed = 40mph

• New products coming

There is a CO2 benefit but costs are difficult to justify unless used in an urban environment - particularly where congestion charges exist

Drive Efficiently

“Smarter Driving”

Smarter Driving

Driving Techniques

Vehicle Maintenance

Drive it efficiently

• Gears: Change up between 2000-2500 rpm- Petrol and diesel the same

• Speed:

– 85mph vs. 70mph uses approx 25% more fuel

– Most efficient speed usually approx 45-50mph

• Greater anticipation to avoid unnecessary acceleration & braking

Drive it efficiently

• Air conditioning

– 20-25% difference between a/c on full & off

– Typically 5% overall increase (12 month period in northern Europe)

– Windows down?

• Drive off immediately from cold

• Turn off if stationary more than a minute or two

• Tyres: under-inflated by 10% add 1% to fuel consumption

• Maintain vehicles well through regular servicing

• Roof boxes and racks: remove when not in use

Vehicle maintenance

The Benefits

• Reduce your fuel costs- £200 per year based on an average mileage

• Reduced emissions• Fewer accidents• Less wear & tear on the car

15% off

•DfT’s Act on CO2 web site:

Search for Act on CO2

•EST: www.energysavingtrust.org.uk

•Ecodriven: www.ecodrive.org

Smarter Driving

Use the car less

Using the car less

Reducing Mileage

Using alternatives

Reducing mileage

• Flexible working- working from home

• Plan trips – don’t get lostInvest in satellite navigation

• Use online servicesDo your shopping or pay your bills, car tax online rather than visit the post office

Using the car less

Get active:

• Walk: promote walking for sub 1 mile trips

• Bike – Sustrans: www.sustrans.org.uk

What are the alternatives?

Public Transport

•See Transport Direct for options

www.transportdirect.co.uk

•Contact local providers

•Book early!

•Give it a try – even occasionally.

What are the alternatives?

Car sharing

• Try car sharing

• For more information see:

Carplus: www.carplus.org.uk

Liftshare: www.liftshare.org

Car clubs

• Car clubs provide a shared cars for communities to use.

• Awaiting evidence they reduce car use.

• More information: www.carplus.org.uk

Delivering Transport Advice

Advice line enquiries

Employee engagement

Outreach events

Thanks for listening

www.energysavingtrust.org.uk