redacted wilkins & wheaton … hydrogeologic investigation for the raymond road sanitary...
TRANSCRIPT
V
Hydrogeologic Investigation
for theRaymond Road Sanitary L&ndf ill
Battle Creek, Michigan
Nbvenfeer, 1982
Prepared toy:
Wilkins ft fheaton Testing LcJxn-atory, Inc
- - -IC006
DEC 1319820000359
W J L K I N S & W t E A T O N ~<x-' vx/J5 T E S T I N G L A B O R A T O R Y . INC.
November 4, HB2
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Ms. Virginia loselle, GeologistDepartment tf Natural ResourcesResource P.ecwery Division3800 W. SagtawP.O. Box 300*Lansing, MiCfcfcgan 48909
Re: Raymond fcad Sanitary LandfillBattle Ikeek, Michigan
Dear Ms. Loselle:
Please f1nd«closed the Final Hydrogeologic Investigation for the abovereferenced jimject. The report Is being submitted on behalf of Mr, Wes Carter,owner of the teymond Road Sanitary Landfill. It has been prepared under therules and reflations of Act 641. Public Acts 1978, as amended.
Additionally, please note that there have been changes and additions to thetext from the Preliminary Hydrogeologic Investigation. These alterationsare based on additional data collection since the submlttal of the PreliminaryReport.
If you have«y questions or cowmen ts, please contact our office. Thank youfor your assistance and cooperation.
Very truly JMMTS,
UILUNS ft WWTON ENGINEERING CO.
ViceDAY/HBF/dljEnclosurecc: Mr. Wes Carter
l«-171Pwt*g«Strt«tKalamuav, Michigin 49007 0 il H A *) rv w w u O U
! TABUS OF CONTENTSi
PAGE
j Raymond Road Sanitary landfillLocation ..................................... 1Past, Present, Future Operations ............. 1
i Area. Lanu u^e ...........................*.... 4
I
1
1
ruphy ...................................... 7
Soils ........................................... 9
GeologyA^oa ......................................... 14Site ......................................... 22
HydrologySurface Water ................................ 50Groundwater ......................*........... 53
Water QualityBackground ................................... 60Site ......................................... 65
Area Water and Sewer Services ................... 71
Conclusions ..................................... 74jReconroendations ................................. 76
J References ...................................... 78
Appendices
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PAGE
1 - Location ol ;ir.yi3cud iload Sanitarylandfill .......................... 2
Picture 2 - Raynond Roucl Site Plan .............. 3
FJ rnire 3 - Area Land Use Map ................... 6
Figure 4 - Topographic Map of Landfill Area .... 8
Figure 5 - Area Soils Map ...................... 10
Figure 6 - --- P of £ur£icial Guolo*y for the BattleCreek Area ........................ 15
Fi'jure 7 - :tap of Bc*irock Gaolcsy for the BattleCreek Area ........................ 17
Figure 8 - Map of Bedrock Surface for the BattleCreek Area ........................ 18
Figure 9 - Map of Bedrock Surface for ProjectArea............................... 19
Figure 10 - Glacial Drift Material In Contact WithBedrock ........................... 20
Figure 11 - Sampling, Well, and Boring Locations. 25
Figure 12 - Soil Boring Logs from Test Holes .... 26Figure 13 - Log of Boring ft .................... 27
Figure 14 - log of Boring #1A ................... 30
0000362
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'Fijvire 15 - L:/j o. - or 1 .
ripiii'v' *o — Lo^ o. . -• ."'!" 1. 1 ^ ; — •• • • • * * • • • * . . . . « . . • . . ^.j
Fipuro 17 - Loj; 01 liorir.g ffJ .................... Jo
Fic;urc 1C1 - Lot cr Corir.~ *5 .................... -'.'^
Figure lj - Log 01 3orir.g ^6 .................... 44
Fiure 21 - Geologic Cross-Se-stion A-A1 ......... 47
Figure 23 - Geologic Cross-Section C-C' ......... 49
Fi£r.xe 24 - Area Surface Water Features ......... 51
r igui-e 2J - ..d.ter '..'ell Log Locations ............ 53
Figure 26 - Groun&vater Elevations and AreaPotentiometric Surface Map ........ 54
Figure 27 - Isopach Map of Groundwater Elevations 55
Figure 28 - Existing Municipal Water and SewerServices .......................... 72
0000363
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OF TABLESt--»
PAG 11~1; Table 1 - Soil Typ * i° the Area of Raymond
Road Landfill ...................... 11
Table 2 - Key to Soil Symbols and Terms ........ 45
Table 3 - Groundwater Elevations ............... 57
Table -4 - Background Groundwater Quality ....... 61
Table 5 - Water Sample Analysis for Area ....... 63
Table 6 - Key to Abbreviations ................. 64
Table 7 - Water Quality Results ................ 63
Table 8 - Well Inventory - Verona Well Field ... 73—«*»..u
*-< APPENDICES
Appendix I: U.S.G.S. Gauging Station Records(1975-1978)
Appendix II: Area Water fell Logs
«
0000364
Th<» F?y:r^r1 Road S.in^titry Landfill is located in thei^.... .^. w,-/::c- c: -^v-tt Trr-nship, Oiihoun O:.:::*.:,-, .".Ic-.t'j-n. Th3C j. iy oi i'. - - -1 .;• C. s, -1; lie i *^J«*4 t • to &:.>i w t T^.'/r/cl^ip to u. j cus «,
ai-vC-ry, Verona R^d, r.7.src::iatfci# 1,500 feet to tha north (see Figure1).
F:-:?t, Present. Future Operations/
Ths Hay.:.2r.i Read Sanitary lardfill initiated operation inLlirch of 1373* The site was prsjriarily abandoned fartaland v.ith &a oldgravel pit on its western edge. At the time of its opening, the£•;;?. :£le. c~r:Jitlcns c? the site t?ere rated favorably under th3 cvrrent(1973) guidelines for landfill sites by the Department of NaturalResources•
Presently, the landfill ill licensed as a Type II Landfillreceiving refuse from Marshall, JalaMiToo, Ooldwater, Hastings, BattleCreek, and the surrounding arm of Battle Greek, the owner/operatorof the Landfin, Ur. Wes Carter, estimates that 801 of the refuseconing into the Undflll 1* lilWiboard, 9% is dmoditioa «Mtes, andthe remaining 15% 1* general » i»e w garble.
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1The present operation basically consists of vehicles entering
from Raymond Road through Hodgson Avenue and the gate at the Landfillentrance (see Figure 2). At the office, the tipping lee is collectedand directions to the dumping area are given. In the dumping area,two men who assist and direct the dumping remove ferrous andnon/ferrous metals for recycling and review the load so that onlynaterials acceptable to a Type II landfill are received. Any liquidsor other materials that are questionable are rejected. An end loaderthen moves and compacts the material. At the end of the day, sixinches of cover material is placed over the refuse by an end loader oran earth cover. The final two foot cover is brought in by an earthmover fron other areas on the Landfill property.
Oat of the total area that comprises the Raymond BeadSanitary Landfill property, only 57 acres will be utilized lorlandfill purposes. An area of 5 acres is licensed at"one tine toreceive waste.
It has been implied that in the near future the landfillclose to the public, convert to a Type III, and limit its wasteacceptance to the OK Wrecking Company, the wrecking company, ownedand operated by Mr. Carter, will then deposit only demolition wastes.
Area Land Use
Existing land use in the Rayaoed Boad Undflll area includeslow-density residential, ooamroUl, aod industrial developments.Industry, which occupies tfae larpm percentage of land area in thevicinity of tte project site instates the following: Rieth-RileyConstruction, <fcand Trwik Bailroad ytnraje and work yard, Kelloggs,Thcnas Solvents, Hannah's Onant Prodoctv, Inc., Modern Oonent, BattleCreek Wrecking and landfill, and a Ilivstock yard (see Figure 3).Areas between
WILKINS S WHEATON TESTING LABORATORY, INC.
Raymond Road and the Battle Creek River are predominantly industrial.Cormercial establishments are concentrated near the intersection ofRaymond Road, Dnnett Street and Verona Road. Low-density residentialarc.is lie to the vast and south of the study area. A trailer park islocated in the developed area southeast of the study area. Familieshoused in these low-density residential areas are expected to bemoderate to low in income.
It is anticipated tliat the future land use of the area willbe similar to existing land uses* The Calhoun County ComprehensivePlan predicts that the area around the project site will continue tobe largely industrial, with smaller low-density residential andcommercial land use areas.
0000369
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RAYLCND ROSANiTAKY L
UEA LAND U E
RAYMOND ttOAOi SAMT'RY LANOFILL
GRAND TRUNKOM • 8TOMK
AREA . UHANNAHS Cti»NI j /—FACTORYPRODUCT^ INC..————*———'/ 5
WILKINS & WHEATON TESTING LABORATORY, INC.
TOPOGRAPHY
The topography in the vicinity of the Raymond Road Sanitarylandfill corresponds closely with the surface geologic features.These features are described in the Area Geology Section of thisreport. Generally, the surface shows numerous ridges and depressionsseparated by gently undulating areas (see Figure 4). The dominanttoro raphic feature in the area is the slope along the f loodplain ofthe Battle Creek River. Here, there is a 60 to 70 foot change inelevation from the relatively flat area of the floodplain to therolling hills above the slope.
Ground elevations in the area range from 820 feet (above MSL)along the Battle Creek River to 920 feet (above MSL) east of theLandfill. The elevation increases along the slope west of theLandfill, then east of the topographic high, dips down to severaldepressions in the 855 to 860 foot (above MSL) elevation range.
The topograpy of the Landfill site is the same as the gentlyrolling relief surrounding the site except for areas altered by nan'sactivities. Since a portion of the Landfill was used as a gravel pit,in addition to other excavation projects, small areas show sharplycontrasting relief of 10 to 20 feet. These slopes are short inexpanse and are scattered throughout the Landfill propel'ty.
0000371-7-
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SCALE
Fjgure: 4
TopographicMip of Lnndf.Ai-ea
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WHEAtUN TESTING LABORATORY. INC.
SOILS
The soils of Pennefield and Eirmett Townships have been mapped» Calhoun Soil Conservation District in 1927. Areas inside Cue>f ivjttle Creek have not been mapped, i&rever, these areas cay;<-v-;-Ft<v* ?.*? an urh?n complex because of the amount of non-inducedrixxnce v'.iich has taken place. The following six general soilhave been identified in the vicinity of the study area (see
,? 5). Table I sunnarizes some of the pertinent characteristics
Fox Series:
These are well drained soils over sand and gravel on outwash,:.s sr.d terraces. It is free from boulders. The surface relief•,,,-s from level to pitted. This series contains a conspicuous<ush brown to darlt brown gravelly clay loam subsoil underlain by
•, calcareous sand and gravel at 2 to 3 1/2 feet. Glacial tilloccur at depths of 10 to 25 feet. Soils are moderately permeabletae upper part and rapidly permeable in the lower part. This soillimited by seepage and shallow excavation caving.
Genessee Series:
This series consists of deep, well drained soils formed Inuvi\n of bottomlands. In thv Baymond Road area, this soil is.ited along the Battle Oeek River. The surface texture is usually: -"ira or a silt loam. These soils are subject to overflow, however' .higher terraces are seldom under water*
0000373
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AREA SOILS M
RAYMOND ROADI SANITARY LANDFILL
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TAKE 1
SOIL TYPES IN THE MEA OF RAYMOND MM &MITMV LAWFULCJLMOUK COUNTY. NICHIGW
NAP SYMBOL
>44
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OM
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130
WM- illffFM
FO*
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MwghtM
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'lalMfletd
fUKMI.
U-1W
tvn
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t-tt
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0-tt: Slight
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Scvtr* - n«*ds
Stv*r*-MtefM.
fratt KtlM
SCWrt ' WtMSS.flood*. 1*f ttrMgUi
Slllht
snuit
L IHl TAT I
SANITARY LAW* ILL (TftENCH)
Sever* - >Mp*g*
Sever* - fltods
Severe -we toes*.floods, seepage
Severe - seepage
Severe - seepage.
NS FOR
SANITARY LANDFILL (MtA)
Slight
Moderate to Severe-41 MU
Severe floods
Severe - wetnessseepage, floods
Severe - seepage
Severe - seepage
DAILY COYER FC<t LANOFILt
0-151: fair - tooclayey, thin layer
15*X: Poor - Slope
fiood••••• t^tmmm*
Poor * bard topack. Metnrss
fair - Too sandy.teenage
Poor - too sandy
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WILKINS G WHEATON TESTING LABORATORY, INC.
Gilford Series:
This series consists of very poorly drained, moderatelyrapidly permeable soils that occupy outwash plains and glaciallakebcds and drainaceways. These soils are generally forr d on sandysedirants. Tho surface texture ranges frcra a loamy sand to loam.This soils consists of sandy and gravelly material over loan to claywhich occurs at depths of 5 to 20 feet or more. The water table isusually at or near the surface* Seepage, wetness, and flooding arelimitations in this series.
Houghton Series:
The Houghton series consists of very poorly drained,moderately slowly to moderately rapidly permeable soils. These soilsfonasd in organic naterial in bogs and othsr dapressicnal areas withinoutwash plains, lake plains, till plains and moraines* They have ablack muck surface layer, approximately nine inches thick, over layersof dark reddish brown or black muck. Limitations are wetness, excesshumus, seepage, and flooding*
Oshtemo Series:
The Oshtemo series consists of well drained, moderatelyrapidly permeable soil on outwash plains and moraines* These soilsformed in sandy material. They have dark grayish-brown sandy loamsurface layer* approximately 9 inches thick, and brown sandy loamsurface layers approximately 5 inches thick. The subsoil isdark-reddish brown, slightly fixB sandy loam in the upper 21 inchesand dark-brown loamy sand in the lower 25 inches. The underlyingmaterial is grayish-brown loom stratified coarse sand and finegravel. Seepage is the main limitation of this soil series*
000037«
VV'i
Plainlieid Series:
The Plainfield series, upon which tiie Raymond Hood Landfillis located, consists of excessively drait.-_u bjils tonr^.i in soiidyor lit on uutWdsa pj.ci.iua, s^u«^« t^.*i— w«i —.- Ol._-«...i v^I.,. . ..1: •. T.":surface l»yer is fci'ov.-n Ics ' csr.i arr^^^i^^tely et?ut ir.-.^s tiuck.Tfo subsoil is U^iX yollov;i^li-bro«in suud t^slve inches tliicX. Th-^sabstratun is lirht yellowish-bro^Ti , yello'.vish-tro7.-n and ctrcr.^-bro^T.sand. The cain limitation in this series is seepage.
Soils of Site:
The soils in the area of the Raymond Road Sanitary landfillexhibit severe limitations for landfill activities due primarily toseepage or wetness. The Plainfield series, in v'lich the landfill arealies, possesses these characteristics. However, because tne map wasconstructed in 1927 as a generalized soil map, and there has beensignificant alterations to the surface due to man's activities, thesoils map is limited in value*
On-site field observation* have shown that the top soil orother fill material mixed with the occasional clay lenses presentwill provide adequate cover and meet Department of Natural Resourcesrequirements* Beyond the cover material , the soils present in theLandfill area do not offer option conditions for a Type II sanitarylandfill*
-13- 0000377
i-r:» in a
ths site is a glacial drainage channel presently occupied by theBattle C-eek River. South of the Landfill site is a seller glacir.ldrfiirr^ c .onral r.?-:.' occvrpiid by the Jlaltriisco Hiv r. Torn glxcialcl:"wi.._0c d' i ili . c*'3 *ori; ;ci by lui'ge voluuus oi cieitwd.cer ana arecomposed of stratified sands and gravels • Further south of thesmaller glacial drainage channel lies the Battle Creek Moraine
-.l7 2-1/2 rll^s cf thearea shc.vs a cccplex interaction of the Lake Michisan Lobo, formingthe Kalanazco Moraine and Outwash from the west, and the Huron Lobe,forming the Battle Creek Moraine and Outwash from the northeast.
The glacial deposits of the area are primarily outwashstratified sands and gravels* The water well logs in the areaIndicate that the sands and gravels are the dominant materials, withclay lenses or clay rich layers ocreirtng occasionally (see Appendix 2,as located on Figure 25). However, the well legs reveal that there isextensive Inter-layering. The ccoplexity of the glacial materials aresuch that uv atteopt at a cross- sectional evaluation would be anatter of conjecture. Generally, the water wells In the area extendto 840 to 850 feet above mean sea level* The majority of them showthe presence of clay layers, but it cannot be conclusively determinedif there are laterally continuous or to what degree of protection theyafford to the underlying aquifer. There are, however, quite extensiveclay-rich units in the project area.
-14- 0000378
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Figure G - Map of Surf icial Geology for the Battle Creek Area(Source: Vanlier, 1966).
-15- 0000379
Figure 8 - Map of Bedrock Surfac* for the Battle Creek Area(Source: Vanlier, 1936).
-18» 0000330
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RAYMOND ROM)SAMTAftY LAHOFIU.
RAYI..OND RO,Y L vNC'
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KINS & WHEATON TESTING LABORATORY, INC,«*
In suOTnary, the geology in the area of the Raymond Roadlandfill consists predominantly of stratified sands and gravels with
,, extensive clay-rich units scattered throughout the area. Thecontinuity of these clay units, due to limited information, cannot beconclusxvely determined. Underlying the drift materials is theMarshall Sandstone, a formation which comanly serves as the primary
, tinuifer in the area. There are, however, localized areas of Marshallv
S-^idstone which are impermeable due to the dense, fine-grained, wellcemented nature of the material. It has not been determined if thereare fractures or cracks in the sandstone in these areas which wouldact as conduits for groundwater movement.
li
"21~ 0000383
.-.. v'1. r-i=ATOt\l TESTING LA^CnATORV. INC
The surficial deposits of the Raymond Road Landfill project. ;,LJ J.:*e predominantly glacial out wash deposits, consistins of•-.*. .*ic- i~r;-s .-id gravels v.ith varyi^S «»suuts c* clay cr. /or silt.Cl;.y lenses and layers are present beneath the site, and graveli_-.:lv*ts are cotrmon. Clay "hard pan" lenses were observed in thes...L)-.vcst corner of the site. The surficial deposits of many portionsi>; e sive have been altered by historical excavation and landfilling
The subsurface geolc * of the site was prir,2rily investigated 'through eight soil borings drilled in August and September of 1980 andy of 1932. Of these borings, six were developed into observation j
"> iwells. Additionally, three test holes were drilled in October of ,J.y?4. The locations of these test holes, the soil borings, ;observation wells, and water quality sanpling locations are shown on jFigure 11. j
jFigure 12 illustrates the logs of the test holes drilled in i
1974. Figures 13 through 20 are the logs for the observation wellsand borings conducted in 1980 and 1982. table 2 is included as a keyto the symbols and terms used in the well logs.
Three geologic cross-sections were constructed from the logsthe observation wells and test holes (Figures 21, 22 and 23).
These figures are useful in illustrating the topography, water table(when information was availably), and geologic materials of the site*The cross-sectional Una* are illustrated on Figure 11*
Cross-section A-4f, Figure 21, extends from Observation Well#2A to Test Hole #3 and Boring 1A, running in a generally south tonorth direction. This figure is particularly useful in illustratingthe presence of a bedrock high grading into a bedrock valley acrossthe site. The Marshall Sandstone in this area is a very dense,fine-grained, impermeable unit* Boring 1A penetrated approximately 70
..22- 0000384
f(x;t of th-j Sir i-rton-?. V.'^tcr was not dctt:ct'^d to a depth of 120 feetbelow the nrc-.uid ^irfacx-. Above the sandstone is a unit consistingprimarily of gravel and rock fragments* The extensiveness of thisu::it cr-nr.ot ij-.3 conclusively c,>tcrroinod, as u^ay of tiie borings did notr—-.—I :.r.*-*. v-;':•"';. C;.;U cj.^ ^uv«l aru tiie Guiiinaiu glacialdeposits at tne site. The surface deposits, ranging fromapproximately iive to ten feat, ars priL-&rily sand. Beneath this aresands and ^ravels with \fars'in2 anounts of clay. A "hard-pan11 claylcr.53 or di jcc^tir^ucus luyer »*s encountered in the boring forC",.; : .«tiv» '.."ell £A c^i Ilo*!*: 2. 7ais uoit was not encountered inany of the other borings.
Cross-Section B-B', Figure 22, extends through the center ofthe site in a general north-*south direction, through Observation Welli#5, Test Hole #2, and Observation Well *'3. This cross-section doesnot incorporate Ictcdiilled material as the exact depth of material isnot known. Through this portion of the site, clay is much moreprevalent. The southern and central portions of the site contain ancr-r r rfaca or £-irfac3 1 'er o* a clay-*ich sand and gravel unit.Surrounding this unit is a sand and gravel unit containing severalgravel pockets, typical of outwash deposits. At an elevation in therange of 840 to 860 feet above mean sea level, a clay-rich sand andgravel unit appears to be continuous across ouch of the site* Ibisunit was encountered in all of the borings except Test Hole 3 andBoring 1A. It is likely that this unit aats as an aquitard for the
aquifer.
Cross-section C-C', Plfure 23, jgngnlly runs from west toeast across the southern portion of the project site. PromObservation Well #3, the line of crow station runs in a northwestsoutheast direction and then runs east Httit through Observation Wells#4, #5 and #2A. As water was encounter«4 to all of then wells, thiswas the only cross-section that could adequately illustrate the watertable. Ibis figure is particularly ttteftll in illustrating thegroundwater divide present at the site- Obeervation Well *5 appears
f to be located very close to the highest elevation of the divide* Theapparently continuous clay-rich unit previously discussed is also
0000385
,"", 111 *. ( t_j I * 1 _ _;
in this ligura. TI J caiori-is in this portion of the site arevery much lika those of the centr-i portions of the site. Sand andcnvel with varying amounts of clay are the dominant materials ofthesa areas.
In summary, the geologic naterxuls found beneath toe RaymondLandfill sice are i.oaer lly ssjid and gravel with extensivets of clpy. An R vr rently continuous clay-rich sand and gravel
Hunit is likely to act as an aquitard for the underlying aquifer.Underlying the glacial drift is the Marshall Sandstone. The bedrockbeneath the Landfill graces froa a bedrock iiigh along the northernp?-f' ? of t>« site tn a hsdrof*.)? ve.lley across the southern andd; central portions 01' tha si' e. lae sand«>i.:ojie encountered in theborings drilled at the site was very fine-grained, dense, and
Ib impermeable. ^
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FIGURE 12
SOIL BORING LOGS FROM TEST HOLES
uELEVATION
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SCO - -
890 • •
860 < -
670 • •
660 • •
660 • •
840 - >
830 - .
820 ~ •
VERTICAL 8CALK*("« I01
TESTHOLE
I(Log* 15, Apptndix 2)
TESTHOLE
2(Log* 14, Appendix 2)
TESTHOLE
3 .(Log* 13, Apotndix 2)
SANDY TOP SOIL
SSS.M
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f?V
TOP tOIL
SHALL MAVCL ftSAND
•CO MHO mLITTLE *HAVfL
*—— STATIC WATIM LtVKL
OftAMftt MAVCL•0«C CLAY
LAMSI •MAVCL ftCLAY
MCD1UM SMAVCL ft•AMD
••0
•HALL SMAVIL
MCD SAND ft•MAVCL
•LACK ftAMO ft•HAVCL
LAH«C ttUVIL ft•OULOMS
SAHO ft CLAY
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STATIC WATCHCfVIL MOT
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RAYMOND ROAD SANITARYLANDFILL
WILKINS a WHEATON TESTING LAB.
0000388
LOG OP BORING NO. 1
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DESCRIPTION
Medium brown sand.
Dark brown coarse sand and finegravel .
— — — — — — — . — _
Dark brown coarse sand with fine tomedium gravel.
Coarse sand and fine tomedium gravel.
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COMPLETION DEPTH "** ""661 WAT»« OCPTM DATE AllHIICt 7fl _ 1 Qftfl 000038<
^ LOG OF BORING NO. 1 (con't)
ku ";
^
_i^_
U
r-
f
/--
-; »
.: A-J7J5t 29. !nor> SURFACE ELEV. 910.82
hJ
53
1ij!1
>
J
£
.';;
* •
• **
rti0 * 1
•*«'
6*!«/
{?'?v
0
N/
xt
. \
/ -
DESCRIPTION
Coarse sand with oil .
•
~™ ~ ^™ n r *~"~ — — n
Fine to coarse gravel.
"Bedrock * 'Marshall Sandstone
Gray very dense, f<ne grainedSandstone . Inpermeabl e
LOCATION K^-yrcond Road
uu
8S3
«.o
47.0
Landfillz
u.J•it
^867^8;
863.8;
iiis
— —
— .
^_ —
— . —
130Blows"Refus.
OMPLCTIDN DErrw 65* WATER oirrH DATE AUQUSt 28, 1980. _
•
.
r
0000390
LOG OF BORING NO. 1 (con't) Raymon(] RQad
-,rv 910. R2 LOCATION_Landfillsu:.*
OCtCRIPTION
•rock•shall Sandstone•.v very dense, fine grained."•Jstone. Impermeable
fit
000039!
LOG OP biJKlJMG .\O. iAv . . Raymond Road
_* ' i , ' L s L_J *- 1- -~ . t_ . ' \~ * r f. *OC/I^I^**M Ir^f i ' lTl i i
i ~
1 •" ?- 91
OCSCRIPTtON; ^c/ ' • "'^ .- - 1,1i
1: <:]' { -
w- .
i-
• .'•;'.-
'•':
Li tint urc.,n fine to nedium sand.Trace ot coarse sand.
•
^ •;; ;';.;;• . - «—• — - r — — — — — —~ _ »» ^«* —
"iH
1V- |'|
.
W -
15"
^"
w .
I2T-
br '
•Mb.> '
-
;"*"
i
i
e*.'••'*!
* ,*
•A= '.*•!;•".A^v!•'.*.
»,';
f'^sSM*•*!';'. |
?;.'i\?i->
&
1
&
'•*•
J:i* •
•_ l"
ff .'
COMPLCTtON OCP
Fine to coarse gravel.Trace of medium to coarse sand.
— _ _ —— —Dark brown coarse sand.Fine gravel .Occasional medium to coarse gravel.j[pfQ_ _ _ ^_ __ i_ar _ ^^^Fine to coarse gravel. __ _
Brown coarse sand.Fine to medium gravel.Occasional coarse gravel.Trace of silt.
• •
-•-...„' " "'*'"•
.-fr |T
Brown coarse sand.Trace of fine gravel.
u
to';t _; s
ic4u
ti- j J
6.5 904.32— — 1
12.0
J£-1L16.0_
25.0
-
_898.8_2
Q2i-84JB94.82
J85.82
£;:~^**"r2^ i . O21 fc V
— — - — —— .-
i
t
__ —— —— ——
IH 120* WATIMDIPTH DATt May 11. 1982.' 0000392
K,*;. A-- - ~roc. ";,::••••• i"'
* • LOG OF BORING NO. 1A (Cont'd)
f, * '.' 1 ] . lr".' Lu:->- ACE ELEV. ".".;...
! 11
. • . •- t r
, , .
\
;
• i'*'- Tr,.rn r-f f-jn(a or*v -1 .
';*
LOCATION Larir1fil1
(J2
rriB ^
„'! £l ^ _ - • _ _ ™. .- _ _. J 3i-o _
- '
-i
^i —
v
T-v -
—
^«_
0
> t)
• o'*
P11"
'
0
'••1to
.**•«*
i*•
Vi
\
*"r
\"
———
Hne to ireciuiTi gravel.Occasional coarse gravel.
Fine to coarse gravel.
Cobbles
Brown medium to coarse sand.Fine Gravel.
Marshall Sandstone (oxidtzed)
jg-i'-"^"'w :
.41.0.
44.046.0
4^0
_C75.82_
§69.82
866.82_864.82
862.82*
«^T
zl-:,
_
'.—
•V^ 4V«^
— — •
— —— .
—— -
TH 120' WATCH AlFTH DATE MdV 11. 1982 0000393
LGU OF bCrtifcti i\O. 1A (Cent 'a )Raymond
OESCHIPTION
Ut
P§£c. .jc:_..i.
2C
4
u
^r£
55 £^~7£«:C
w
• : IN ' , !. ;»• ;, irsn-ul Sniu^uOhc (oxiciized and dense)
j v
c* \
-.\ i •
o'"' /;"
u ' *•,x
^
—
-
_
*™-
fiir
i, y
: for3"
-f
'^ i
*\
\ i
V
*r/i:
^ 1
Marstiall Sandstone (gray, dense,Impermeable)
• - . ..- -1*" :.,. *
'-* - " . .
73.0
.
837.82
•
•
COMPLCTION DCrTM ^20 WATK ft DEPTH DAT* MflY 11, 1982
0000394
LCha Or j MO. 1A (Cont'd)
lb^» mr
" -
..
i
N
f
-
r
i
i^
;i\ ' \t . "M*
VX -
<
iJT;
}y
"\u"X
/,r
- 1•"S
^
JMPU6TION DEf
Marshall Sandstone (gray, dense.Impermeable).
(End of Boring) 120.0
•
790.82
•
f
.
TM 120 WATER DEPTH DATK "flV H, 19821
0006395
LOG OF BORING NO. 2
SURFAtC CLtV.______________
Raymond RoadLOCATION Li.:, ^ . ' i f
...P
•:-
.
i r.-* o DESCRIPTION
•* » ** \
.'-. C,-Gwr. coarse sand v/lth fine toll ••';.' rr^aiun gravel .
^ 'V-
'. t.t'*;
-JJ >:' : . VI
Jl I'-''
& <! ::;-*:_
i \vy
« •.'
'*' ***•'.'*'*.
k 7 i i>' *(r c«,' -*
-
iA,» J
-
*•I
-
«.
i: -
: -
t"
.j
1111
7
* •, •w *
*.'«(,. •
* '
X;••*,'»*•• * * •'•.*".":»•'*.' "
*X*,'. *:/.;.•'.*;•*:.
-.'•V
'o''v.'e
'".**'
f:f
Brown medium clayey sand.Occasional medium to coarse gravel.
wU
• OsS
^
23.0
z0
I01
— —
111ZSo
--
>
1
veryccrrpzct
compac'
-f
3MPLCTION DErTH 55' WATCH D»TH OATt AUgUSt 28, 1980
•
0000396
-, r r. •- L r • LOCATION
r40.0
•14.0
.5--
,.
1iLj.
-
•!
i
1/
'. " '
• '..C ,.
'.*'•
&
•*•!
*«.'• i.
jOtaPCETION OEP
Brown nisdium to coarse sandand gravel.
>
(End of BoHna)
— — •
55.0
55' WATER DEFTM o*« August 28. 1980 0000397
Q NO. 2A
LOCATION ^.
n-,, —~i- -i P
-J 11
I i
"'' ' f^..., ' , r*.,,., .^ •' J T i -»•* J- /*rt ^ IAC ^ c3fin.,,,; <..,.. ,» -, ,..u ..._-l^,.. wC COarS2 Sanai -, t'-.T^-; :--: v;;; ; r r^-V^l .• '.'l
7.0 177.4?
t
15-. -j
i
* -
l25-
1
1 "^
11
• •• .
t0 •t
•V,* *
**
xV.
V ***
• * *•
%• * *'*?*v' ' *>
-,:-
Brown coarse sand and gravel.
^^m ' — ** ^^ '""•* f ''"1* — ''*;"•' Dark brown medium sand.;•"• Ocrp.slonal fine to modlum gravel.
23..0
28.0•••» ^m
40.0
^861.42
856.42t IMMB
844.42
•• IMB ••••ll ^M
1 c»«.L.T,ONn«TM 55' wATEiioePTH oAtt September 12, 19800000398
a--, i
j:*'-a ^n i™3 "^M i ijn sand.v , • rf clay.' ousicnal fine to medium gravel.
_ . — . _ ~ — •— — - ™™ ~™ *
£rown fine to medium sand.Trace of clay,occasional fine to medium gravel.
Clay Hard Pan
Brown fine to coarse sand.Tine to medium gravel.
(Cnd of Boring)
40.0
°
47.5
Jl.O
55.0
p:i 52^- ^*t • T r*
J4(L42.
836.92
833.42
829.42
'-.-
"~* _ _
ExtremeDense
TM 55' M*T» DEPTH „ _ DATC September 12. 1980
y
.>•*
•.. -i i
_ ; _ . . i t Sk.ru*.
fr
«
57' DEPTH .6
30.5 856.84
OATt September 12,0000400
^
•' ii
LtL-0 Or t-CTi i i -JU t\G. 3 (con ' t ) ,,. , _,
<u IB •••*-*• ri.FV, J***jfi 3 . t OCATION _ kvv'-1— -A
I t
i:.1 V./.C*
•„> ,.; _: •- .... ...JL. 1*; i Stind
\ £ •
•7
i
i
!
^82536
" v
•.'#
"".
> *.
*J -
^
/S"
.'-;'
~ - v" --— — - -- -Brown wet sandy gravel.Trace of clay.
Marshall Sandstone
(End of Boring)
47. 0_47.6
53.0
57.0
840. 3£839.74
834.34
£2(L31
>
i
LET.ON DEPTH 57' WATCH otrTH 47.fi1 DATE September 12. 1982
?
0000461
LOG OF BORING NO. 4 n , n ,Raymond Road103? $U«FACEELEV. 870.76 LOCATION Landfill
DESCRIPTION
•jo Top Soil
; ;il naterial - gray medium sand.fine to coarse gravel.concrete.
if *
. Crown medium to coarse 'sand.occasional fine to coarse gravel.I race of silt.
c
' • !
.1 ; Brown medium to coarse sand.Fine to coarse gravel.
.': Trace of silt. rV
1:'X*t •
V:
i-'.• i'.
• i
"
•
Brown fine to medium clayey sand.• « Trace of fine gravel.
DE
PT
HB
ELO
WS
UR
FA
CE
5.0
12.0
28.0
EL
EV
AT
ION
865.76
•
858.76
842.71
NA
TU
RA
L
1M
OIS
IUR
EC
ON
ItN
T
-
^
9
E»TH 40* WATER DEPTH DATE MdV 13. 1982
\
1
i
!tii
•
;
•
0000402
LOG OF BORING NO, 4Raymond Road
SUMFACC Kt.cv. LOCATION
OK SCRIPT I ON
:-'-..*n fine to medium clayeyOccasional fine gravel.
Rrown cdarse sand.Kine gravel (clean and angular)
Isas
(End of Boring)
836.76
40.0 830.76
•*. rrrrH 40' WATfM Ot^TH. am Hay 13. 1982 0000403
LOG OF BORING NO. 5Raymond Road
• - 1 '•-
V ^5?
_ j ,.1.1 Ul1
DESCRIPTION
' if TVo£ iu-n,,Z - - - - -' •"« '
* j!
'
S-n
\£. Brov;n rsdium to coarse sand.;/.;! Fin;; *o ":dium crave!.*• '•v». Occasional coarse gravel.- • •*• *t. •V;'l
V> ': *.'*•'
• JX*^
^oji^ (j—j
-.'*V.*i*-_*j _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _i*>*'
.*-o1 Brown medium to coarse sand.It ffV Fine to coarse gravel.
~
At -
15--m m
itr•. -* _
-
^
bo"
1 - « Trace of clay.r-.il$•'. VV:»':*if* *
$4**' i''*i
•A. »*,
1' .'.i
^M ^a^ ^^ ^^B ^^^ . ^ ••• ^^B •
Brown medium to coarse sand.Fine gravel. v..Occasional Mdijet •MftvTrace of clay* .'j&lfc
***'•"" • . IK
Brown medium to coarse sand.Fine to coarse gravel.Trace of clay.
-i<t j»bus
o<>LJ-1III
_jS^5""^2iu
~* _ . i '\^, ~~j" ~~^
1
_9.0
,19i
27.0
889^6.•
879.6
871.6 ,
__ _
,
•IM WHV
*•» ••B
—— ——
__
^H •
tOMM_eTmu DEPTH 61' WATCH DEPTH 45' DATK MflV 13. 1982
*0000404
. 8°3.60 LOCATION
-i!
416387
aja | u
Li\,.,,\ i . > - » u - r r ^c c c c i ' ' C wi:.' „.-. *- ^ ~«i y.*- *
Trace o? clay.
sand.•*:•.* i
I".; 3 Trace of clay.
e •' Brown fine to coarse sand,
(•';-} Fine to coarse gravel.• , . . Trace of clay and silt.
V•'•
\\: Brown medium to coarse sand.Fine gravel.Occasional fineTrace of
34.0
5 .
864.6
Light brown fine to medium clayey stnd.Trace of fine gravel.Trace of clay and silt.
Brown fine to coarse sand.Fine gravel. Occasional medium gravel.Trace of clay and silt. (End of ** "*~
39.5
45.0
48.0
55.0
ng)61
58.0
.0
853.6
843.6
837.6
r
COMPLETION OCFTH 61 WATCH DEPTH DATE Mav 13. 19820000405
LOG OF BOMNG \\Q. 0
DESCRIPTION
1.0 I 60*.3
p-y1.- K^m..n n-^diur.i clavey sand.Cccnslor.al fine to rueaium gravel.
!;•• Fine to'medium gravel
4.0
6.0
CCS. 54'
884.54!
w
i
Vlli j
il
^U-
* '
:
'
w
W
> -•
"•
25-.
_
1
t
£'£[ Trace of fine gravel.Trace of clay.
i&i•.•V.
* * *.'
?-':
!i;jv!» V
*«' *
y:•
^
1»;.
^ •
;• *•
COM TUITION DCf
-,-
j^^K-iS-Brom |»p» to co«t sand. _OccasliR tftot to Md1i« grav«KTrace of clay.(oil)
Brown medium to coarse seHdp^N *~Fine to rnedlum gravel. , ;;i?rOccasional coarse gravel* ; w;Trace of clay.
K.O.
-27.1.
30.0
•
868.SJ68.
863.0
860. 5<
1
— -
, _ -
50' **T«O.PTN DAT. May 12, 19820000406
O. 6 ( C ^ n t ' d )Road
IK • It. 4 1 »i.I. »UKF
QlS 2SG
"T
;••' c o - - r -
36.0
Occasional f ir ;3 to rr,2dium gravel
M6"
vUoo
f H
for6"
\'/j Marshall Sandstona (weathered).
,x'; Marshall Sandstona (oxidized and/'I dense).
40.5
42.5
(End of Boring) 50.0
850.04
848.04
840.54
OMPLETION DEPTH 50' WATCH Ot^TM OATI 12. 19820000407
S r.;.' s D E s r " . i B t n c ; C O J ^ T S T E N C Y or.
eT*.*.*v-*> rr">«',5 (—»!-.«Uty ur t !«.)-•)' £(•*«•<.*• *.
bjr labcr&torf tait*.
»artt»n *atala«d M Ho. 2 CO »!•»•): Includes (1) cUtato r*
T»rtn
d«n«tDan**Vary dan»a
ICOcm lc ar tilty ellj-f, and (
«• Ia41tftt*4 by vaaatramatar
P '.a 1!%15 to 40%40 ta 70%70 ta S5%85 ta 100%
: Jn-!-'..O) _
ar by «nca*fla»d cam.
? P.'*
i CUy
u#0.2» ta O.JO0.50 «a t.OO1.00 ta t.OOt.OO t* 4. CO4.00*»<bi|har
iizrl-1 Orftaic
Rock
sx*ia
SoftFUmStiffV«rr «tU2Hard
».-.9wB Bbov*. b*cau** af pUnci a/ w«»kna«» at a»ck« la Uta •all,. Tba ean*l«t*ney rauafa•ueb veil* ara ba«ad •» p«n«tram«tar raaaiiift.
l, 5
2.1 ta S.«».• ta 10. t
10.0 ta 20.020.0 ta 40.040.0 *»*
fUCSMTANCC
TiacaU
nU
t
IS -
SOA •wa .WM ** .f -
RM -
PWR .A*|. -
AX -MX -
45% .
Samala
Tfc« mitrfe** of blaw« (15) af « M0»paund bammar falling SO laabaa maad ta drtva'a, £'O.D. tjpUt-barral «afnpl«r far MM l*«t It lneb«a of pflaatratiaa.Numbar aT blawa'(SO) ««d ta.drlva tba •pltt-b*rrat'a earttSa aambar af Incbai (2).SpUt-b«rral mdvancad by tba walgbt af rad* a^y.SpUt-barral advanced by tba wat|bt af tba hammar aad rad*.fUfviat, tamptar cauld aat ba adVaaaad Curt bar*9** O.O. Sbalbf tuba aampla.SN O4>. Sbalby tuba pucbad bydraiiUcally. ailag a «artai» pracavra (250 pal) ta p«»btka laat a tMbaa. '>** OJ3. Cbatby tuba advaacad 14 Incbaa by tba wat|bt af rad« aaly.Augar •ampla,Xaab «*ra4 wltb AX aara barral. wUab abtatva a t-l/a" dlamatar aara.Macb carad wttb, MX aara baml, wbjcb abtalaa a «*I/On dlamata* cara.Farcaiuaga (A$| af raab «»ra raaavarad.
lJl»Q»ATO»t T«T PtHTinCATlOM
»au aarffannad*
StmalaNat
Racava»a4
C -Caa»aUd»tlaa and •pa<lft«O • XaUtSva d«n«tty tact p«rta**a*i»K * Farmaabltlty taat p«rf»»w«4.M - MacbaaicU (alava ar bydramaUrl anatyala yarfarmat.T • TriaiJal aampr«»»laa ta«t parlarmad.
V p Vaaa abaavtaM pa'rfariMd.
0000408
I I
O I P O O O O '
-•"E Si-T*HW-8:!.--&!!' .r •':.-&'•>:&••}r-Jlvl -!?--:i--5{^:i4. • ;•?•:•• ' ; : •v-a-H>t^vj. ' . ; ' ! ;ESSEHH|iS^S;-vfc^ ;V}7'-«'.fewlTS
- :-- ' Vv.',,. .;!':.1-:r«
l^- ' .vi1 . ' . • - • - v A1 > ,: . « *.*. *-\\ I*r
V • • » • . ; ' . \ '; -•• ^-r - / • • ;\ -r' ' ' ! - , - ( - • • - >
-____(..'_•:_..:. CV. ' :. ,- •._'.* .A. ....
o o c o r>
. o
<•> I
- < V • ' V ' . V V ^ ' - S a - .":.'., . * • : • - , • • • ' , - i • - - - • • • • ' T - ' ,
f" r" »~
f'?::V.%vv$j£&3r.^'%M<fe;
5 • • • ' • • • -'ffifiW-"1''^——fefefcfe^;f*r-. •' . • -iHV^M^ '-• .. [ * • * « k"ar»/'', *., ,. -^ ,_ f_ pi i i i
0000411
,/-E!l; »- *" - --*• - -, *..• r
•> - „"*••££
•20
L»IO
L«00
••o
•ro
•60
•40
• 90
•to
FIGURE 23
RAYMOND ROADLANDFILL
CM.HOON COUNTY, MlCMMN.
GEOLOGICCROSS-SECTION C-C1
)«->EO ON OBSERVATION WELL LOGS)
13 TOP SOILfl SAND
CL4V
SILT
MARSHALLSANDSTONE
STATIC WATERIEVEL IIO/I2/8Z)
»C*LC : 1% MX)'VKHTICAL KALC: !".»'
-1ATORY. liMC.
HYDHQUOGY
Surface Waters:
The dominant surface water feature in the area of the RaymondRoad landfill is the Battle Creek River, located west of the Landfillsite. The average discharge per year for the Battle Creek River, atthe gauging station north of Emett Road (see Figure 24) is 197 cubicfeet per second. U.S.G.S. records for the years 1975 through 1978 areincluded in Appendix 1. The Raymond Road landfill is located in asubbasin of the Battle Creek River Basin, south of this gaugingstation. More accurate and pertinent data for this subbasin and thelandfill site could be recorded if a gauging station were located in
V/ the Battle Creek River just upstream from the confluence of tne BattleCreek River and the Kalamazoo River. The Kalaraazoo River data
*" (Appendix I) is also of limited value because this gauging station islocated to measure the flow of both the Battle Creek and KalamazooRivers, which drain very large areas* Thus, in utilizing theavailable gauging station data, it is not possible to extract specific
^ Information concerning the contribution of the subbasin in which theRaymond Road landfill lies to the flow of the Battle Creek River*
The other drainage basin present in the study area is the* Hall lake Outlet Drainage Basin. This basin lies to the south andH southeast of the landfill site. The basin consists of a series of
lakes and wetlands which flow into the Ka1«a»yoo River.
*•" The drainage divide between the Battle Creek River and Halllake Outlet Drainage Basin is fairly distinct. The divide follows thetopographic highs between the basins. However, the subbasin drainagedivide separating the Battle Creek River Drainage Basin north and
4*
.so- 0000413
c c
F.AYV.CllDS.M :TARY L ;.!
Ft V;U" £
RAYMOND ROADSANITARY LANDFILL
/ / DRAINAGE(SOUTH OF
—•——-!—GAUGING J1ATIOIP
/\||TI PT\J\J I kb I
DRAINAGE BASI7I
LKIMO G. WHEATCN TESTING LABORATORY, INC.
south of the gauging station is not distinct* It appears that theflow of surface water would run parallel to the divide in areas nearthe river* The eastern edge of the divide is at the top of a shortnorthwest to southeast trending hill.
Surface water of the subbasin occupied by the Landfill siteis limited to the Battle Creek River itself. In the Hall Lake OutletBasin, Brigham Lake, Hall Lake, and Dexter Lake comprise the majorsurface water features. A wetland area, called the Kellogg BiologicalPreserve lies between thes<* lakes* Much of this area is County-owned.
, Calhoun County water well logs were investigated to determinegroundwater elevations and the direction of groundwater movement inthe area of the Raymond Road Sanitary landfill. Twenty-eight (28)well logs were located in the area of the Landfill to interpret thearea hydrology (Appendix II, as located on Figure 25)*
Figure 28 shows the groundwater elevations of the wells inthe area (including the on-slte observation wells) and thepotentiometric surface of the project area. As information is limitedfor the area, minor consideration was given to the wells being drilledin different years and seasons. .This figure is particularly useful inillustrating the groundwater divide which trends northeast-southwest
^ through the east side of the landfill site and project area.. Thedashed contour lines on this figure are contours of static waterlevels using data from wells completed and producing in the Marshall <Sandstone. The solid contour lines are contours of static waterlevels from wator wells and soil borings completed in glacial driftand/or the Marshall Sandstone.
-52-
0000415
c c
Oft
RAYMOND ftOADSANITARY LANDFILL
/
! i
F .A : 'ViC >iJ "
VOTARY LA: Dri;j
.^ V/ELL LOa .OCA
*f.LL ./.
gy MI!,', rft- :RTE- iTiriC L*' FIL
\V- •A:
0000417
r^-'iv >* % . I X ' . I ,
•'• i *'\ : TS •.;i-:-::.ri >:• :;'-': -.; * '-"' ".
>r,V *W_ __. ^
RAYMOND ROADSANITARY
.WILL
Figure 27 - Map showing elevation of ground water and direction ofmovement for the Battle Creek Area (Source: Vanlier, 1966).
t i
I '
li:'
0000418
The U.S.G.ii. report, '..v... . . :• TV- vr.? r*freel: Area, ?.f.ic:!Jf;. •*'> , indicates a neralisiecl groundwater flowxrcytion to t o west in the project area (Figure 27). Because theaymond Road Uuidfill is located on the edge ot this cup, iruorns.tiono th-3 east of the site is not incorporated into the rrr_p. This.r.Icrv.tiOTi supports data confixed £w* tl.a c:.st-m rsrtion of the
cst area.
Static water levels in the project area ran e between 58 ieetbelow the ground surface, approximately 1,C3$- feat wathvsst of thelandfill, to 12 feet below tua suri&ce, apro:il:.'.oly 1,500 feet
.:ei.L ol ths sit2. Grounowater elevations range betweenappratiuatsly S10 ar.i &70 ieet £jjwve ncan ssa level in the projectarea.
Information from six (3) observation veils installed at thesite foiTa tt3 data base for interpreting th» graundwater hydrology ofthe project site (refer to Figure 11 for specific locations) . Table 3lists the static water levels and groundwater elevations from thewells, as measured on September 22, IfcoG and Octc'cer 12, 1982.Because Observation Wells #4, #5 and #6 were installed in May of 1982,data from October 12, 1982 was used for hydrologic interpretations*Static water levels at the site range between approximately 29 feetand in excess of 50 feet below the ground surface. Qroundwaterelevations range between approximately 838 and 860 feet above mean sea
As previously discussed, a bedrock hi«h (Marshall Sandstooe)runs along the north end of the site, the bedrock here is a verydense, impenneatiLe sandstone* there are no detected water-bearingformations above the sandstone in this location, as confirmed by theplacement of observation wells #1, 48 and Boring 14* The water tableis depressed to a depth greater than 120 f ett below the ground surfacein the northwest corner of the site (Boring U).
-56-
0000419
S;!
eTABLE 3
GRDWI^AIER FLEVATIONSBnynn nd float! Irunlfill
Battle Creek, Kliciiigan
iX'pth to Dopth to
ObftBrvy^rioft SorssBSwVeil No. luisival
1* 42'-45'2A 53'-W*
3 54'-87'
4 3T-40V
5 W-M*6 46*~50'
«—**C Mo MaflUraBBRt* 1
* : Veil culled and i
GroundElevation
(above ICL)
910.82*
884.42*
887.34*
870.76'
808.60'
880*54*
»s wells were
named (dry I
Veil CasingElevation
(above &SL)
911.98*
885.99*
888.96*
872.17*
899.35'
891.79'
not placed,
xxle).
Stixtic WaterLnvel
>50.75'(dry)3(5.28'
46.89'
——
_.
>50.00f
Gtt)undvatcrEl.cvn.tion(9/22/80)
<861.23'
849.71'
842.0T71
——
——
<840.54<
Static WaterLcwl
(10/12/82)
38.06'
49.01'
20.81'
4G.63*
dry hole
Groan tatterEle\ itio:i(10/12/8?)
*
816.36'
8"3.30'
810.95'
8>1.97'
<810.5V
tNS & WHEATGN TESTING LABORATORY. INC.I
The placement of the observation wells confirms the presenceof a groundA-ater divide across the site. This was expected, as the
.Battle Creek River lies to the west, the Hall Lake Outlet to thei southeast Ofoich discharges to the KalanuBco River to the south), and. the UtiKuUl site lies at a. higher elevation between the two*Observation Ytell /*5 appears to be located at the high of the
• groundwater divide, waich trends north-northeast to south-southwestI across the site (Figure 26), Groundwater appears to flow generally
1 towards the wsst and east-southeast frora the divide. The majority ofthe site lies on tha ec^-cora sida of the divide, resulting in a
,, generally west direction of flow across touch'of the site.
Hydraulic continuity between the gl'Vft**'1 drift and Marshallstone is variable in the project area,. This concept is very '
important as domestic wells in the project area are primarilycompleted in bedrock. As many of the dcoestic water well logs in the ;,area identify extensive clay units in contact with bedrock (refer to :'Figure 10), it is not likely that hydraulic continuity exists in these \\areas, lateral continuity of these clays would impede the downward •movement of groundwaters between aquifers. ,
Extensive clay or clay-rich units have been identified at theproject site* Across the southern and southeastern portions of the '.'site, particularly, a clay-rich unit has boon identified in the ,;
for Observation tells f2A, i3, #4 and #5. this unit my ;: 1likely act as an aqultard for the und«rlying aquifer and inhibit j!,j Ivertical ground*at*r MitfaiaMit and sofasurtaoe mntamination* It islikely, however, 1fl|a.t tb» latrshall Saadstcme is in hydrauliccontinuity vim itf HanlHm glacial <trllt (beneath tbe day-richunit) uDderlyloax^pl prc ttot sit«. H» characteristics of thesandstone at tbft^Wtfaern end of tba «it«. vary fine grained and j'l
, isolates tba sit* from arsas to the north (see boringlogs for Observation Vails *1, #6 and Boring 1A). ii
i l ,
00004211
INC-
In su-miry, the hyUrolcjy of the Raymond Road Landfill sitegenerally consists of & grounclwatcr divide trending north-northeast tosouth-southwest through, the eastern portion of the site, resulting in
4* '• a western direction of groun&vater flow acros* much of the site and anv. ilii- tic.i o* flow across the southeastern portion. A bedrock
*
high, the Marshall Sands-cone, runs along the northern side of theLandfill. The sandstone is very dense, fine-grained, and icperneablein this location. Kydrolo-ically, the landfill is isolated from areasto the north because of tfco nature of the sandstone here. On a63toial 'cu is, t".:3 Marshall ?:xndstcno is in hydraulic continuity withthe glacial drift beneath the project site. In some areas surroundingthe Lcjidfill, he- *er, it is likely that hydraulic continuity does notexist.
I ;1 1
I '\<*
0000422!
ci WH, , INC.
WATER QUALITY
Background
Grouni.rator qvality is similar throughout the Battle CreekYi'&ter quality records are available for the Verona Well field,lies north of tt e study site. Included in Table 4 is
information gathered on water quality frc»a the Verona Veil Field and, the River Wall rield. U.S.G.S. recced v&ls are located in the VeronaWell Fiold.
According to Vanlier (1966) and Black and Veatch (1976),4 ! croundwater in the Verona Well Field near Raymond Road Landfill is\J*r
hard to very hard, typically containing 310 tcg/1 total hardness asCaCcs. Dominant ions are bicarbonate (HCQ ) with values near 300as/1; and calcium (Ca), 87 Eg/i; and magnesium (Mg), 22 mg/1. Iron(Fe) concentrations are near 0*6 mg/1, which is high and may beobjectionable tor scene water uses. Sulfate (S03) rar. as up to about
' 60 mg/1. Nitrate nitrogen is typically lass than .01 ng/1. Chlorideconcentrations range from 2 to 22 mg/1, while sodium (Ma)concentrations range from approximately 250 to 370 mg/1* Theconcentrations of these chemicals is within the expected range forwater in glacial materials of the area.
vu The above mentioned chanrtral oonoantratioos typify both theVerona Well field and V* Blwtr »»U fi*ld. However, th» River 1«Ufield is not «iit»tol» a* a drinking w&t«r source because of the highconcentrations of Wtatn (Ctt) a-t .05 mj/1 and silvw (Ag) at .08mg/1. Drinking W^jft StaadarOs are set at .01 ng/1 and .06 ng/1 forcadnium and silver ya-tpactivaly. Therefora-, this water supply is notin use.
Domestic water sample analyses, as undertaken toy the CklhounCounty Health Department, in the area of the Raymond Road Sanitary
!
-60-0000423
WATER QUALITY
(Itiynond Road Sanitary Landfill Area)
Totil
Irri
tetcr^entaItotd
TDU1
Iblucne
Hltnt?MooU Nltmcca
OOhaua«cii rxt*u.s.o.:. •• ,•?
TTb-
(oat
0.2 :—.^Jrirl71 < • • ' C.)
C uvl
5.0 rr/l (S.C.) S3
(N.P.)
230 r>:/l
0.010 n«/l (H.P.)
(Reoowabl*)Chrcndw•ftt&l (EDU)imal Alkal laityaulfauBioloslail TwtCfcrin.
P-C3W/1
300 W» (H.8.)400 •«/! (X.S.)
(H.S.)
.00^/1
no
0
VeronaField
5/73
950TT
O.C (t^/'
23.0 rs/1
<*( <•
* .!««/!
•OMtfl
ntidS/T8
' i
ill
I.' II
0000424
r.dfill are presented in Table 5. Measured paranvoters includeUiorm, detergent, nitrate, nitrite, chloride, chlorine, iron,uium, rr^j:;jsiu.-n, calfate, total dics-jlvcd solids, and hardness,lifora counts were generally very low, as wore nitrates, nitritesd r'^r'witq. Iron ranged from 0 to 2.6 prxn., which is typical ofuth-vistsjm JUchi^tin. Thc^e w^lls also sboved elevated hardnessas"a:-e,.i-";,-s( apprc^citins oGO ppa. Again, this range in chemicalnccnuraticr.s r.i.y bj expected in txie glacial materials of this area.
-62- 0000425
.«:
Table 5
RATOCND RCftD SANITARY LM-iDFILL AREAIcrtakcn by Calhoua County Health Department (Banott Township)
mrs.s/l^/78
i -1/10/74i /oi/e-i
J/^/CD
S/C8/78
ifrvw39/12/6711/14/77Dl/27/ii
U/21/6905/19/8010/26/76
VGl/26/70dU5/7803/30/76
<tt/20/7602/14/78JB/06/69
^oe/24/Ti06/30/72
D3CATICN
1C3 Darlene91:0 E. iitiflevt Sc.325 Karnnond325 ILi-raad
409 West Jameson
221 Jameson
131 Billiard St.150 Glynlee233 T a grange
142 lagrange130 McgrathNew Vater Main oaUcgrath106 Mcgrath8566 Verona9417 Verona
1217 Verona307flee*FOok314 ItavtbrookSLSffestbrook320 Yesthrook
PARAMETERS (ppn)
Colifonn - 0 Nitrate - 0 Detergent - 0Nitrate - 1.0 Detergent - 0
Nitrite - 0Coliform - 9.2
per 100 mlDetergent - 0,Chloride - 33
Sodiun- 27
TD^ - 192Ooliform - 0Detergent - 0Nitrites - 0Coliform - 0Coliforra - 0Hardness - 280Nitrite - 0Ooliform -<1
Oolif onn - 0Nitrite- 0Cblif onn - 0Cblifom -. 0Iron -2. 3Cblif orm- 0Cbliform - 0Kitrite * 0
Nitrate - 1.2 Detergent - 0Nitrate - 2.0 Nitrite - .012
Nitrate - 0 Iron - 0Magnesium-6.8 Sulfate - 32.1
Nitrate - .0 "Iron - 2.6Hardness - 292 *Nitrates * 0 Detergents * 0Nitrate - 0 Detergent - 0Nitrate - 0 Detergent - 0
Nitrate - 0 Detergent - 0Nitrate - 0.3 Detergent - 0
Chlorine - <10Nitrate - 0 Detergent - 0Nitrate - 0 Detergent - 0Nitrate - 0 Detergent - 0
Nitrate - 0 Deterfant * 0Nitrate - 0 Detergent - 0Nitrate * 0 Detergent - 0 'Nitrate -0 Detergent - 0
Oolifbm -• 0 Nitrate - 0 Detergent - 0
TDS* parts per millionTotal Disolved Solids
0000426
(F) - Filterable
* Estimated value - may not be accurate
m«/1 » Mi Hi grains par liter
(K.O.) = Ke-Jiyl OrangeIH.5.) » Kicnigan D^part-^nt of Public Health Drinking Water Standards
(N.C.) » National Interim Secondary DrlnKlng Wawr Standards
(N.D.) •(H.P.) - National Interim Primary Drinking Water Standards
.S.) « No Standards
ppin = Parts Per Million
ppb = Parts Per Billion
0000427
WHtATQN TESTING LABORATORY, INC.
Cvility
Groundwater sauries were collected from Observation Veilsr>\, #3, #4, and 05, the plant well at Blaskie Auto Body (northwest oft'<? site), the well at Hannah's Cement Products, Inc. (southeast of*>- ?ite), and a residential well northwest of the site to determineT'V; inter quality at the Raymond Road Sanitary landfill (see Figure 11for specific locations)* As previously discussed, water samples couldnot be obtained from Observation Veils #1 and #6, as both resulted In"dry holes". The placement of these two Walls confirms the presencec* en ir~3rr-:".bl9 bedrock hl^h on the north end of the site gradinginto a bsdrccfe valley across the central and southern portions of theLandfill. Because a groundwater divide exists across the easternirtioa of the site (trending approximately north-south, see figure
28), the designation of upgradient and downgradient wells is. moreccrrrlex. Observation Well #5 is located on the groundwater highoutside of the fill areas; it, therefore may be considered upgradientof Observation Wells #2, #3, #4 and the well at Hannah's OanentProducts, Inc. The well at Blaskie Auto Body, because of itslocation, may be considered as Ilupgradient" or background waterquality. Residence A, northwest of the project site, is a bedrockwell producing from the Marshall Sandstone. The results of the waterquality analyses are listed in Table 2.
Chloride concentrations ranged between 25 mg/1 in ObservationWell #3 to 130 mg/1 at Residence A* aodion concentrations rangedbetween 4,1 mg/1 in Observation tail *3 to 31 ng/1 at Residence A. Asa correlation exists In blffe an* low value* of these two pamaeters,it is likely that zoad salts are the prtaary source of soUHn andchloride. The H*A Secondary Drinking fate* Standard for chloride is250 ng/1, a level not exceeded in any of tie obtained sample*.
. '
-65-
? t
ChlorideSulfateBicarbonate AlkalinityIronSpecific Conductance
urhos/cmipH, S.U.J&gnesiuiCalciimSodta000TOCNitrate-NAiinonla-NPhenolsT^TTiHi mil totalLeadCacbdunPtosphateStatic later Level, feet
t r * * , e £ e^ WAHSR QUA' IW RESULTS tr
Raymond Bond i anitary landfillBattle Cn-ek, Michigan
(all results expressed :•& mg/1 except where noted)
Hnnr.ih's Gtnr?nt Blr 7-<jf»O.W. #2
30.27.
340.0.11
400.7.2
id.38.5.11.
22.<0.10.29
<0.002<0.02<0.05<0.010.036
46.63
O.W. #3
25.29.
210.0.11
390.7.1
22.17.4.1
65.15.<0.17-00.082
<0.02<0.06<0.010.068
38.06
O.W. #4
30.290.410.
0.48
700.6.8
40.150.21.6.4
20.<0.10.380.008
<0.02<0.05<0.010.003
49.04
O.W. #5
80.64.
240.0.37
550.7.1
22.48.20.4.0
30.<0.10.140.004
<0.02<0.05 9.<0.01"0.003
29.81
Pro!, ;ts, Inc.
CO.49.
2CO.0.34
500.7.2
22.45.5.73.2
15.<0.10.180.001
<0.02<0.05
' <0.01<0.003
——
Auto :up:>ly
25.40.
200.0.19
400.7.1
18.38.5.53.2
10.<0.10.13O.OO1
<0.02<0.05<0.01<o.oc». —
Res] jeiic
1.30G.
560.
6.9
51.6G.31.13.15.
Analysis conducted by Canton Analytical Laboratory, Ypsilanti, Michigan.
An KPA DrriVanr, ViV».cr Standard for sodium does not exist;Ix!£r.£roun3 ^ata indicates tliat urattfferentiated glacialmay contribute 21 n^/1 of sodium to the croundwater
C.c...ir0-, U'.-O). ? ^-jround data in the area shows concentrations of*xU-..; *-.../.•..; I - - V V - - T S 7 pnd 27 rag/I. Both sodium and chloride:onccr.t rations apptor to te typical of the area*
Swlfate concentrations generally range between 6 and 64 mg/1at tins site, -viili tha ev;.c: tion of Observation Well #4 where ace:*~e.:~:~v.x.-. c- 1?? n^/1 ?~.s ercoi ntered. At "Qiis time, this nay beiconsiuw*cd EJU cxcv.'.lov.s concsntration. Continued monitoring will
tiiivc"'.iclv: ;.v\:Vy d-.:f;rrir!e if there are elevated iconcsritratioas in thisarea fron a localized source. As this well is located on the edge, ofM » pit usod by the cement company, activities at that site mycontribute to this concentration. The EPA Secondary Drinking Water
^Standard for sulfate is 250 mg/1, which was only exceeded, inObservation Well #4.
Biuurbcr ta aOltalir.ity concentration* ranged between 200at Blaskie Auto Body up to 530 cg/1 at Residence A. Although there isno EPA Drinking Water Standard for bicarbonate, background levels inthe area are in the realm of approximately 275 mg/1* Glacialdeposits may contribute approximately 230 mg/1 of bicarbonate to thegroundwater and bedrock approximately 2BO mg/1 (Cunmings, 1980).nerally, concentrations at the landfill ranged between 200 and 2501, with the exception of Observation fell #4 and Residence A. The
locations of these well* and the concentrations present does notindicate any upgradient-dovogradieDt patterns.
Iron coocentratioM ranged between 0.11 «g/l in ObearvationVeils #2 and #3 up to 1.6 mgA at Besidenoe A. The HPA BeoondaryDrinking Water Standard tor Iron is 0.3 «g/l, although levels insouthwestern Michigan are characteristically high. GlaoUl depositsmay contribute a mean concentration of 1.70 tt/1 of iron to the
-07-
0000430
IV:.'---] y.•: , tv;o -"i.-.-.I A dri i', in t."-- r.vc:<, is a b, U-2 w-j-=-::"13 S:-::1:- J. ri:^./- 7 U? :;-. -\,-'. x ^. : :
_ r; o, "•.'•-? t'-v •:. .x: -•.
porcion™ of u' o site and to thj cw-it-EC-ut'- iS1*.*
T!-.-> avcr;-.:'t depth to h
x^*a, wOi li-'esc ol tLe La**ux'ill site, bedrock is as shallot as lueat Lc-scath the surface. Underlying the Marsnall Formation is the
--V—-; '..-;-.:;•. p:i:i southwest of tl:a Battle Ci-tek area.. 1h=- Csli.v- -:-Formation consists primarily of stele in these areas*
The composition of glacial drift in contact with bedrockvaries in the project area. Figure 10 illustrates the nature of thematerials in contact with bedrock* In areas south and east of thesite, clay and broken rock are oooraooly in contact with bedrock. Thelateral continuity of these clay layers cannot be conclusivelydetermined, however, their exteoslveness in the area likely inhibitsvertical groundmter movement, this concept is discussed In detail Inthe Hydrology Section of this report.
0000431
•-' 3
Mvrtholl FtrntttMt .. •* I
Figure 7 - Map of Bedrock Geology tor the Battle(Source: Vanlier, 1966).
-17- 0000432
pnound'-'-'atcr . and bedrock may contribute up to 3. ins/1 (CL930). Residence A is a bedrock well, which may explain the higher;o:icc::trvAic>:u Tiacksround dr.tn for th» project area indicates levelsranging frora 0.6 to 1.6 ng/1. Concentrations obtained from thesampling at the Landfill are within the realm oi background data.
conductance ranged between 350 umhos/cm atOb7crv\--ioa "Ml £3 to 875 at Residence A. Calhoun County well data(Table 5) ran s between 5GO and 700 umhos/cm. Undifferentiatedglacial deposits may contribute a mean concentration of 518 umhos/cmand the Marshall Formation will typically contribute 491 unuos/cm toth3 ground vater . Tha bicarbonate concentration in the well atResidence A may contribute to the elevated specific conductance at+hat well* The regaining wells appear to result in concentrations
of the area,
The E?A Secondary Drinking Water Standard for pH is a range6.5 and 8*5 standard units. All of the samples obtained
a pH within this range (6.8 to 7.2 standard units).
Magnesium concentrations ranged between 18 mg/1 at theBlaskie Auto Body well to 51 mg/1 at Residennce A. There is no GPADrinking Water Standard or U.S. Public Health Service reconnendedlimit for magnesium. Background data tor this parameter was notavailable. Literature indicates that glacial deposits my contribute
mean concentration of 20 ng/1 of m&w&iutt to the grcwndwater andbedrock nay contribute 24 ng/1 (Cunnings,
Calciuo concentration* ranged bitmap 17 ng/1 at ObservationWell #3 to 150 mgA at Obwrnttloa Well 4*1* It is antiedMpatad thatthe elevated concentration at Obeervatiafl Wti M is due "to activitiesat Hannah's Cement Product*, Inc. the wnaining w«Us saapledresulted in concentrations typical of the
-68-
0000433
TESTING LABORATORY, INC.
Tha chcaical oxygen demand (ODD) in the Dwells sampled ranged—jn 1.0 ir /l at Observation Woll *2 to 65 n /1 at Observation Well^ Although there is no EPA Drinking Water Standard for COD, the EPAferred limit is less than 50 mg/1. Background informationu'dir.3 this parair«ter was not available. At the present time, thev-ted (XD co'.rrntratlcn at Observation Well #3 is not understood.tiiia d G-:iitoi"i."3 is ncadod to determine if this is an anomalousi:e or if there is a localized source.
Total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations ranged between 10(I at tbo Eifi -iie Auto Bo1y well to 30 i?g/l at Observation Veil £5.• EPA preierrad limit for TOC is 50 nag/1, a level not exceeded in.of the samples.
^ Nitrogen, as nitrate and as ammonia, was analyzed for in the'en samples. Xitrate. as nitrate, was loss than 0.1 ms/1 (thex>ratory detection limit) in all of the obtained samples. Nitrogen,artrrrola, raided between 0.13 mg/1 in the Blaskie Auto Body well to
.) ng/1 in Observation Well #3. Aononia concentrations at the site,gradient and downgradient, appear to be elevated. As no patternIsts, the source cannot be conclusively determined at the presentne. Background data for Calhoun County indicates a concentration of.) mg/1 for aniDoaia (Huffman, 1976); however, glacial deposits may^tribute a mean concentration of 0.23 ttfA of aimnnla to the^i^water, and bedrock may contribute 0.07 ng/1 (Cunnings, 1960).ntinued monitoring is necessary to obtain more informationncerning this parameter*
Phosphate concentrations ranged between less than 0.003 ine Hannahs1 well and Blaskie Auto Body well to 0.088 in Observation^1 #3. Background information for phosphate is very HM**^ for the•oject area. Glacial deposits and the Ifa'rslttU Sandstone naymtribute 0.02 mj/1 of phosphorous to the fttouodMtter. The onlytmple that appeared slightly elevated Is Observation fell #3.
-69- 0000434
,LK;r,'S £ WHEATON TESTING LABORATORY. INC.IV - v
Phenol concentrations ranged between less than 0.002 rag/l inOoservatlcn Well #2 to 0.0:2 n /1 in Observation Well #3. CalhounCounty well data for 1976 indicates an average value of 0.002 mg/1 forphenols; and background data for Michigan indicates a meanconcentration of 0.0005 rcg/1 of phenols raay be attributed to glacialdeposits and 0.001 may be from bedrock (Marshall Formation)* Becausespecific data for the project area is not available, it cannot beconclusively dstermined if the levels found from the sampling are
ted or indicative of background *uter quality.
Heavy metal analysis included chromium, lead, and cadmium*Chromium concentrations were less than 0.02 rag/1 (laboratory detectionlimit) in all of the wells sampled. The EPA Primary Drinking WaterStandard for chromium is 0.05 rag/1* Cadmium concentrations were allless than 0.01 ms/1 in the wells. The EPA Primary DrinkingWater Standard for cadmium is 0.01 mg/1. Lead concentrattionsresulted in less than 0.05 mg/1 In. all of the wells, with theexception of Pssidonce A where a concentration of 0.21 was found. TheEPA Primary Drinking Water Standard for lead is 0.05 nog/1 • a levelexceeded in the well at Residence A. the source of the lead in thislocation is currently unknown and continued monitoring is imperative.
The water quality of the Raymond Romd landfill site indicatesa certain degree of degradation. However, there is DO apparent
ern within the data to attribute this degradation to activities atthe Landfill site, but the potential still .exists. The past land usesof and adjacent to the site nu*t be considered in evaluating the lowlevel degradation at the site. Since there is no pattern to theelevated parameter* and became some pax-totters normally associatedwith landfill leachate are not elevated, no conclusive determinationcan be derived from the existing information. Continued monitoring atthe sampling locations is necessary to create a data bam from whichfurther correlations can be made.
-TO- 0000435
''iiter and Sewer Service's! — " ——————————————
i The City of Battle Creek currently supplies water and sewer, ces to the areas west and northwest of the Raymond Road LandfillI (see Figure 28). Although areas bordering the study area
cntly do not have municipal water, it is readily available throughCity of Battle Cresk system. The Battle Creek nunicipal water
' .wn te-s as a major coraponent, the Verona Well field, which lies.h of the study area. This well field contains 29 producing wells-** supply the total water requirements of the nunicipal watertern (see Table 8). Wells rar e in diameter Iron S inches to 16
M/^S and in depth from 110 feet to 152 feet, tbe oldest active well» drilled in 1904 and the rost recent in 1932. The aquifer fromten these wells pump is the Marshall Sandstone.
„ Currently, residents in toaett Township use private wells. toipply water. Private well logs indicate that groundwater is•railable from 11 feet to 56 feet below the land surface. Preliminarysview of available data shows that groundwater elevations range frompproxinately 820 feet to approximately 870 feet above mean sea leveln areas near the site.
The City of Battle Creek also provides sewer services to nuchD! the area surrounding the study site (w* Figure 28). Sanitarytsewers have been installed in areas where it has baen requested byXj dents. Vestbrook and Vass Streets, which lie Just south of the !Landfill site, currently do not have sanitary sewers, ,
-71-
0000436
CO-si
RAYMOND ;SAMI7ARY L/ IF
RAYMOKO ROADSAMTARY LANDFILL
f—
Table 8IttVCllTMV • «*»•• «"• FlttD
IMI
tn*»
Mto trlftaol W«-tortrlllMl (Utttl)
Mil
tutuU~l.ll.
M«f ItTt(UlMt)
C***ert*tf U• IM
«9«
710 • W750 • «**
750 • W750 • •»•7« t M*suo« n*
300 •»'
300 •»'
750 • 30'
300* 21*J M C 2 0 *3M* M*
SOB* »'3M*2T
MMMMIOM
1000* CO*
ItM
IOM t W
ItM t «'ItM • SV
ItM
*.,!», o*r<e.»«itr
MO1000 • 3S*
MO900970
572 • »'
3M111 • 33'
7lt • »'
2002n
«9 • 31*
201
OSHttvr•SIM*
207
IM
ItT
HI
112
«
tf
OSMotcrMatK
ns•JO tx.
«cc
S72 t SV
Itlt
IOMIMt
MM930 •»*
I3M1011
IS3
2M
«2S
MHoUr
l»75
H3119331975
19331939
1975
197';
19:- '19V197*
19/S
I97J192119:319'I»• ams19.5
I9S7
I9S9I9SO
1951197$
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10
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COoo
"I'sr^ T, WHRATON TESTING LABORATORY. INC.
owojusiaist
The folloving nay be concluriod from the results of theHydrogeologic inv«sUba.^c:i lor t'.io JV,yr?r/l Read Sanitary Landfillproject site.
1. Tne Raymond Road Sanitary Landfill is a Type IIfacility wnich receives approximately 80%cardboard, 5> cleiaolition vastes, and 15%general refuse. With the closing of manylaiiUiiils i_* the region, ths coount of domestic"garbage" the landfill receives has recently
y increased. It is anticipated that within thenext year, the Landfill will convert to a Type v
III facility and only accept wastes from the OKWrecking Company.
2. The area surrounding tha Raymond Road Landfillproject site is primarily industrial withlocalized areas of older residentialdevelopments. Immediate areas north and eastof the site are undeveloped.
; 3. the geollgic materials beneath the Raymond RoadLandf ill project site consists of densesandstone bedrock overlain by tands and gravelswith extensive Mounts of day-rich materialsand dlsooBtinuQU* clay leMM. These day-richunit* nd day lenses appear to be continuousbeneath the majority of the «Lte. acting .as anaquitard and providing a dig*** of protectionto the underlying aquifer*
-74- 0000439
VVMtzA* i GN i to I IINjiIa L_/A,_jLJ' nA i jr-iY, lf\lO,
4. The crouncivatr?r beneath the Raymond RoadSanitary Landfill has been detected to rangebetween approximately 838 to 85® feet aboverasan sea level. On the cistern edge of theLanctiill site exists a northeast to souUiv.'c. sttreading groundv/ater divide, directingproundAUtcr movers-it either to "tiie general westor southeast away from the site*
5. Ihe groundwater quality benea.'si thePnc-1 landfill site siiows a minor degree ofde^i'au^tiCAi. 7h«'» i t;.e potential exists foractivities at the Landfill sits to result inthis degradation, past land Uses of andadjacent to the site oust be considered* Theinconsistency of the elevated parameters do notindicate a conclusive pattern*
6. There is only one indication of a water supplywell being Infracted by degraded groundwater*This bedrock well ha* been discussed asResidence A in the text of this report* Thewater quality from this well warrants furthermonitoring*
0000449
VHEATON TESTING LABCPATQ^Y. INC.*
RBOftUESDATICNS
- As a result of the Hydrogeologic Investigation lor theRoad Sanitary Landfill, the tallowing is recommended:
1. Ti,u scsplin* locations utilied for this report- should be designated as monitoring Hells
respectively. These include the followinglocations:
?,.) O.W.b*) 0«tt* n'3
c.) O.W, #4d.) O.W. #5
e.) Blaskie Auto Body Hellf.) Hannah's Cement
Products, Inc. Wellg.) Residence A
2. A quarterly water quality sampling programshould he established for the Raymond Beadproject site, according to the requirateents atthe Resource Recovery Division, MichiganDepartment of Natural Resources.
3* The following parameters should be stapled foron a quarterly basis:
a.) Chlorideb.) Sulfatec») Bicarbonated*) Iron ,e.) Specific
Oooductanc*
-76- 0000441
cS WHEATON TESTING LARORATORV, IN'C,
The following parameters should be sampled foron an annual basis:
b.) Sult'atec.) Bicarbonated.) Ircae*) p
f O ?sT.) ?':-n33ih.) Calciumi.) Sodium
j.) Chemical Oxygen Demandk.) Total Organic Carbon1.) Phenolsm.) Nitrate Nitrogenn.) Acroonia Nitrogeno.) Total Chroraiump.) Total Cadmiumq.) Total Leadr.) Phosphate
00004H-77-
G WHB-VTON TESTING LABORATORY, INC.
REFERENCES
-shitjrui Department of State Highways, 1970, Field Manual of Soil(Fifth Edition), Lansing, Michigan.
j3. Dcpirtr^nt of Agriculture, 1972, Soil Survey Interpretations Soil*<
Conservation Service, Marshall, Michigan.
ack and Veatch, 1976, Oonprehensive Water Study for the City ofE-,ttl3 Crr:c.!:t ?!ichl?«ui. Kansas City, Missouri.
ffnan, G. C., 1979, 1977 Ground-Water Data for Michigan: U.S.vU Geological Survey. Lansing, Michigan. „
ledtke, Gerald and Associates, Inc., 1973, The Calhoua CountyComprehensive Plan. Marshall, Michigan.
iah, B. P., 1974, Glacial Aggregate Evaluation in KnlBmn7.no Counttyand Vicinity, Michigan: Michigan Department of StateHighways, Lansing, Michigan.
, K.E., 1966, Ground-Water Resource* at the Battle Creek Area.Michigan: Michigan Geological Anvey later Investigation4-
, T. R. , 1980, Cheaical a»d Phriioal Characteristics ofNatural Ground Waters to Michigan: 4 Preliadnary Beport:U.S. Geological Sorv^r, Open Pile Bepcrt, 80-803.
-78- 0000443
WHEATON TESTING LABORATORY. INC.
t,
<fc* Appendix I
U.S»G.3. Gaining Station Records (1975-1978)
v
*
0000444
stwuw ruunjuv TO LUL «ca;u%scnc::"ft r,'m.E car.-* AT s-vrrtx crn*. w
; . . . . - - . , -., - . . ,. ._ ,,,,,,( jn ,iV( .Ntst T<1 *>t 7 w>) oih,,,,, County, H*lrclogic U»il 040SOWS, on rijit b»k S» ftr. >" rl ;r*tr-:»n nun i.t»\;. 5.1... ..-...,,! .; . ' ." • 0. • ' , a:;! '.C r- (*.*, v-.j goitre1.-?, f i»- -tj'.r..
<t .- -r • • • • •-;« «t» i',:* k.i»j.r: •-?* .--^i..,*.r ..... •-. •-" l'-V., r.v.-'-r l»« to July WJj, Jitfa*ity 1934 u current, year, ttnthty dUchart* only for
- . • - . - ' '
i; ;:-.:i ft r:v\-j;t «' '"«.« QCJA Ha Uvttl dwelt bv Michirm Dcpannoit of K
v7 ' - re,-il*tim prior to Mo\Tii-.« 104J. Sctvnl ootcrvttioiu of wiur tcr^eraiurt w^r* r*dt
(asf-"« t*n a»/»l Apr./. 154?. s-i.c h.lj*t. 4.11 (t (1.3*6 •). fron
artWi'cS JO?- C.TO.7 YIAR.«M-,Ai«n dijsfcarct, l.SM ft'/s (**.2 «V»1 !ter. 7, pgt height, Z.6& ft (0.111 •); ninlrm, 52 ftVl
10 SCPUltftft I«T»
041 OC1 VW i.EC J*'< ' F*t *•»<» »•* MAV JON JM, AtM UP
I lt» «» ?il <3' IM »** **0 «40 213 I»4 (ft «I ICt- 192. ?»* 7JJ l^l) 9«< ••!* i'.3 23' I«t «| %i1 U* IU *<•? <« l»« 421 *|tt 4»< 2)7 29 T •» t«* HI 121 2*4 in m tT« *«• »51 2«* 13* M M» *» Ut 2«» !»•» IS* 121W a*« »1* 2»* i»4 T« Si
fc *« US -^ 1*0 Ibl 1*T« 3»T 4|| Itl It4 TT ft*t ** UT 3<:> 111 19,1 I-.,; ....? »•-! |«% IM M «<> *J 1*1 ?—» l-il |4A UiQ 31* SIS U* lli» T3 64V 4« UJ 3^4 in )** U10 4«4 4*0 121 Uft Tl W
I* 4* 1*7 *A9 I *6 !<»» «|>r ^41 T|T 11$ 1*1 M 4A
11 ** 14ft )•* It- 1*T »T J I?! ft? I HI |Jt4 M *TU «* l*t Ht |S<* 1*4 4TI |U S2t !•• IU *4 *ftU ** I Jit 9*4 IS>* rf»l 421 rfM **T It* It* •) «TI* *l IfT 34* It* *»t M* 1)3 Mi |f| IM M M1* tl If* *11 U* *•'* »«• <4T II* *• 9ft *T ftftI* •« Ut *U lol *JI *M I4T 344 Itl *l M Mt' *t IIT «M 141 «M ftn <i* )u It* *T M '1t* ** 111 *M I** It** 4t» 1ft* Ilk |t>1 M M MI1* *» 10* *4J la* llftt *1« >t» Ml HI ft) 4* «ft'0 4» !•« k|« |«« mi )*« j|| J*, |« T* 94 4,
IK ftl* IM III* M4 M* 33» ||4 lift ft» MIM *" IM IIT* >TI Ml 311 IM III ft* *ft
13 •" 1» 4*i l»t IM* JTJ jlVl 2M |M 1*1 M *T»» It3 II* I4t IM IJM »1 «* IM IM •» M *4Ik 11* It* UT IM I1M Mft J** IM IM tt ftt 4J
4* II* ' III Ml IM MY H* *•« 1*1 IM M ftT liftIT II* II* m !%• ••« Mft M> ' 111 IM «4 ft* IMI» HI III »» l« «* *2t IHM lit U* ft| ft* IMI« !«• IM M» IM »** 4M tit 1*4 IIT 12 ftT IUIt It* I •< 9V |M —— 4M Ml 1*4 I** M ft* IM31 112 —— IM IM —— 4M —— M* ». T* ft* —*
TA14L 11M M*« lIHff W*J |*M4 *«IT» lit** |7|M «|4* ***J 2*4* »t4NTM 1H I2T M* IM M) *** Jt* MI IM Ut ftft.ft T*.|(•41 II* 1*1 *M I3ft IM* |ft4t l*2t TIT 237 1)4 *1 |M»»I<t »• ** ••» 14* 144 H» Uf |*4 ** M ft*C'SW .41 .93 l.ftj .T* 2,*| 2.T| U*4 |,«) .ft? .M ,IT .»IN. .** .%« l.ft* .M I.ftl l.|> |.*4 I.IT .M .44 .31 .JT
CM. *• 1*TS 1«1»l. 1I*)3T MC4H 2*T NBA J*T* NIK M CPSf! l*tl IN H.TIttTK « I«U 101*1. MM4 MCA* M* «« l«4« MlN ** »V* i*ll IN U.I*
0000445
writ I-V CMJA, MIUXAr:;v.-!Jt '.ri '«". lors KWIS". in SV. *«.S. T.I S.. R.T «.. UiUun Cnitty, IS-Jrwlo*ic UtU OWWW?. on riBht bank 3SO ft
(lo* »' U4>»tn:j«i lion braill Street Bridge at rattle Creek, attJ 3.0 m 14,$ bnj up>:iv.n fix*i euulh.
AMX"i41 M' (KM ta'J.
- '•'"M'.-'Yr'Vr i«o to September l«i. October 19SI to July 199, January 1954 to current ywr. tonthly discharge only tot• - '
1, 1944. 1S07:
' .'. :•'.:.. T. srttT, Int-n of R.IW i* i:s.;i ft (250.9:4 el aNw Iran t« level (levels by Michigan De|«rtM.fit of X-TV-*!. 'TIC- w Miy 14, iJril. nooivuoruir.il m«, « «.iv me
WJ'.'-Ffc*."!«!-;rTis s-x!J vkCc.^1 tl-ose fur pvr i -Js ci' .,- g-i;t---i|;'-.t r.v'i-rj, .'M. 19 to luly 7, which am fair. Occaiionalu .1 r > i < ' : - tc 'w'.>..Mivr IJJ3. BCVLTJ! o;-..r\'jt tens 01' -Jtcr tc-^cratur* *crc «4*le Jiirlrnj the y«ar. Q>rp> of tm;inevr> g:>£e-heii;nt
years 1'Ul, 1935-7'), 197 fi»/» (!.S7»4V»)* "•>* >"/>T CK m/yr).
i.^-turic. J,WO £iV» (1« a*/*) *iMr. ', I?*", pire hc;,.ht. 4.48 ft (l.Sot w). fro**tn^-7,^, :: ft^/s (C.o: n1/*) Aug. H, 193J-, nL.ntrui |>|t hetRht. ibout *ff,i ft [-.1S2 •) in July 19% and on Aua. 31, 19 19, due to
'
EXT! -1-fe r <1~;;:.T ¥HR.-Mw;-jt discharp*, ST& ftVs (16.3 «»/*) Mr. t, MM htlfht, l.«2 ft (0.494 »), (rva graph based onre*ii.«.i U..L.U., 4i f tV» (1.27 B»/i) Ail. :», i-V hoifiht, O.S4 fs
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IOr.tr-N.-Ut 42»lt'SS", l!»| IPOt'ir, in SH, s*.S, T.2 S.. R.T *., blt-un C^rty, tMroleglc Ifcit 04050005, M rfehl hank JSO ft(1CT *) v;«»--i frm Dr*tt $tr«»t ttU-t tt bttlt Cmkt e«l 1.0 ml (4.1 la; upstTKa frfn nutii.
*
4t
OULV' E ASIA.-*U1 ai» (624 )•*).
;..... . . . . -.-%.....*! 1.J3 w ^viu-ur l*il. OCIQMI 1K>2 t« July 19H, Juntwr lft.'« w oimM nm. ttoathly diKfvn* only for*,".* ; vi.-,!% T-.V.-. :••--.! ia T? 12—;..;..-> ,—.._.,.—-. -*:: 11:1. i;.«. *,? iss;: i»s*.£'—.••'-• . -:•-• -« i - r.' r. T .: _ cf ; -c :* CJS..N ft f::o.».»-»1 Jatiet.il Coafrtic Verticil Ibttn tt 1939 (lw*l» Iff HleM|n
f ...r. . . . . . - . . - -?i ;,.- - -\ r - -^ !• •, n( jf • i( -,., ,r;s.~- jjc- ^ •• , i» j. -j jit" £'.J i ua.
, Pts. 1J to Jjfl. 31. **.'-:h ire f»tr. Oc«tion»l ilttht tcgu-Ji'.. --J.— ' •::-::* • :i esc .-; tl .-,.-,- 1 :K:-,:i t .i .r :.-. •- • - ';r i;'i. • .
-ri.-vl of no e .;• •'.•ir.hti c:.MSVdf.i,r..i of wtur
y.»ri C*t« ynrs Ifll, 1955-71), 1B7 lt"/» »,»»•"/•). 11.10 in/)T /jr).
tii.... n, U i-'/J <-•»• sV»* /.", i», 1^54 i BUlirtBi ;i|ti,j .«;,', 0. ,. . t.~ • • r - r ; - . ' . ...",;.
p. 7. i!C. r-i* f--->.t, 4.41 (t y.3^ •). f«-4.S tt (-.1S2 ») In Ally 1U« Bid on Ait. 31. 1939, *:• to
. 2.40 ft C9.7 , S7 ft»/»
*
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njBUTAjrr 10 wuD-U03SJ3 KlH'fSM (.J'.VS V.'fl -'TIU OIDC, SO
UX\7:0,>.--Ut i:*^';i", ion; =:*ll'Sl", in si.'i »-c,l, r.Z S., R.I *,, Ctltout GMMy. tlyjrolojtc Ihit 04053001. on left tank 20 ftIt. i.; * :.; *-. :Vx. fcri.:,.j t- r~J.ill Street in Futl* Creek.
:-',;s.v «TA.--S:I m1 c:,iS4 in1:.ItAlC-.i wF ET.,XWJ."Jul^ 1937 u cjmr.t year. Mmihly discharge only for so* period*, puMi»h*d In VSP 1307.
rV!?*-" kt-w'^B.—KiP «4: 1?MO". MS? 13»7: 1031, 19*1-46, 1941.
CK3.--h.ite:"itaE« recorJ*r. Utilise of jrf* i* US ft (Ml •) frai umrafcU M8 (neimt S ft). Prior to Oct. 1. 19S7, MW«TI— rvwr.lcr it *it* 4.7 •! (7.6 In) datnstrcM *t different dttw. Oct.. I. M»". to Juw IS, 19$», nonrocardiAf «!• M brid|tI , . . . : .... . , ... - --.: _...;...: ........ ".r.; is. 1--.', (:• U-;. i3, 15N, r.er.ri<: frying jii^ it r-evtnt sitt ar.J i*:**t.
f. etualicn, below 1,500 ftV> ('1.5 «V»), CMB«| ty fwwwrplwiti then *Utlon. Sownl
J ftV* (IS.«» •'/*). 10.1
r-C.'-SS R.A PU,;.;> Of t-. :.!.«:•«•-MI <ii*c:.ir;;*, 7,290 ftVi (ZWt m'/l) Apr. '» l»r, me height, 9.13 ft (2.713 •), tin nd d*twthen in UM; w.w., SC ftV« (1.42 •*/») Sept. ». 1939, »it* UMH in UMI Main* daily, M ft*/t (I.M •>/!) AM|. S, 19*4...':5 .OR CIT;.;:.T Y&u.--'Ljirji diKharM, 3.469 ft'/i (H.O •'/») Mw. », •••• lwi|ht. 6.S2 ft (1.2M •); ninijus. HI ft'/>
Cb.46 .-,'/*) U>:. U, s-gc h»ip.:, 3.0S ft (0.930 •).
TfM KtOWP 1475 70 SCPHN4KH 1*74
OCI fcOV 0« J»»» «lt **• UN* tt«T JUN JU. JtUt
I »3g S»* llStf Hi* «74 14X9 IMt 1*49 1M9 1149 4*3 111€ 414 Mtf 1*9« 4«W 4V9 1414 14*4 |499 *l* lilt 4«t Mt4 Me »"* |«44 r»4 •*• 1VM IMt IIM *t» lift 411 33t« *'* t>* l'^> *>1n 9H4 ?)?4 Itlt 1*99 414 ll«9 4M 3t4•> *(>« bt-J Ifli) »i» 40d 3949 KM 1J49 774 11)9 47T )A»
• Jft» »*>7 tUtf 7I» •!• 3419 1419 |4W «94 193* 447 314f 4»> »ill IIM /i« 414 J%M IHt 1419 197 tM JT4 Mt• 4«« 42* |}99 7V4 sM 3IM tllf M4* 7t4 «9t 4tt *lt<< •*» »4< 1199 »9t »7t tltt ItTft tIM M* l>t 4|t 341
It3* ||4t 414 44* 441 3M
U **>9 »•*' IUo »«*• 7*3I* «4» »17 ||S4 44| 4M l«tt n| |7M ftll 444 441 1HU 41 j *S* 1|»4 J97 }499 I«M *f* 1*M tM 411 4t» Ml1* >34 *•» U9« 44rf |}H« |7«t «M 14*9 »*4 444 4|9 Mll« »Sw **2 !*.»« 4?ft 1M9 1749 *M 1119 »7* Ml 1W 1T1
14 44> >7T 1T44 M» 14lt IMt IIM 1149 »l Mt 4*4 4ttI/ 4|j »U !*•« »4* |*«t IMt ItM IMt *3t ftlft 4*1 4l|
>49 *74 Ivl* Ml t»M UM IM* Iftlt tit ftJt M4 114• 7* »|* K4U 4W4 MM IM* «t4 |*M 4J* 4tl M4 4|1*7| Ms 14M 4*0 IW4 I3M IM* IMt 414 ftl* 4 It 3M
If *<M »31 IIM *M 474* I4M IM* ItM 4M Ml 14* 3*4tJ 4«j 41» ItM >»• MM IIM «M UM tM Ml 4** Mt»• *b* »« 1119 410 Ml* Ull IIM !l|t 4*t *1T MT 49ftfe »7« *«7 *44 W4 »M IM* IMt 4*3 U* ft|T 331 IT*
?• »44 Ml 474 tM tM* I M« I4M «ft* U* 441 1T» 4M?7 44( .*» 4»» •!• MM IMt IIM IMt 7*3 ftftT Ml Ml** >*!• »"•» T«» MM Itlt 1»4* fJM Mt M* •« IM Ml** »»» T3I 7*4 »!• 1M* l»|t MM M« lift »M 14* 47|3w *lfc V4l »ll M* —— IftM t«M Ml Ml »4| 3*4 4T431 4U —— «X M* —— Ift4t —— ItM —— 4M tM ——
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*t •• : >.2;,. - it Hi- i." si )" .c '-) J J-.Ti#tjc- ' i at different ilitm. Oct. I* 1HTV » Jim IS, 1959, nonrrcnrdiiw H-V-* *t brldgsl,t., r. (. -. ;•,; „.. ;.•;** -i ti.ii. .'i.r,i tutus. J-.j 10, iy~', to Oct. 13, IJrt, ^eni«ceidinf gajc at pntent site and datin.
^>tt".fc,«*Pi-:--'- - ! !"-i;~il fl:frt«.iH;i. View 1,SM fr»/s (42.5n*/l). t«i»B4fcy I^wrplants ahc\« Mat ion. Svveral o^w!r\•ntion^< i - > L . r i. :^: .iv »•,.: r.i..' ^arii.j tnc ycai.
V^kJit PI*.1:'.1:.';:,—>• r^rs, 6iO ftVs (11.41 •*/»}, 10.71 in/yr (27;,4 ,\iv::: 5 ;•'. :.. ;--jr" I-.. rr.--Mut.'jy di«!urge, 7,:90 fi»/» (20ft n»/«) A»r. ?» IW, 6««« h«iaht, *.1S ft (J.7*S B), sit* aid d**/ tl.r. ii •..., Ti-sj.r.. :: ;:r.'» (.i.-I n? 'i) Sc;it. ::, 19J», site ti.i-n itl u»i «ln«*R daily, fa ft '/» (2.*4 aJ/») Aaf. S, 1?M.
•riTJleS IOR Ci:'a!7.T VtAB.•-'tuirui diichanc. l.bM ft*/fl (4S.9 »>/•) »r. 31, UplMfcht, 4.63 ft (1.411 •); alniMi'. Ifll ftV*(4.M •>) July 23, *J|. 4, |*i« luifht, I.« ft (0.172 •).
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* Tl» 431 4SI J43 332 Il*t I*** 9*T 3*1 111 31* II* !? b*T **3 *«3 J»* 31* 14** H4i **T 42* dM I** 319» »*f 40* 3*3 2** »1 IM* lf» *It 3*9 M* 2M «*»* Ml 4t» 4*T Ml 4FT 1*«* I1H MT *** H* 3*1 Ml
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I* 43* 44T 4|« Mt M* 119* T*l Mt 3*9 IM M* **9 '•IT 47t 3ft *2« 34t Ml III* 9tl «11 3M 1*1 11* l*ft ,I" 4*« *|3 *31 3** Ml IM* T9* 41* 3t* 1*4 233 *M ,
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