red hat enterprise virtualization 3.0 installation guide en us

Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization 3.0

Installation GuideInstalling Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Environments

Stephen Gordon

Tim Hildred

Installation Guide

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization 3.0 Installation GuideInstalling Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization EnvironmentsEdition 5

Author Stephen GordonAuthor Tim Hildred

Copyright © 2011 Red Hat, Inc.

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Preface vii1. About this Guide ............................................................................................................ vii

1.1. Audience ............................................................................................................ vii1.2. Overview ............................................................................................................ vii

2. Document Conventions .................................................................................................. vii2.1. Typographic Conventions .................................................................................... vii2.2. Pull-quote Conventions ........................................................................................ ix2.3. Notes and Warnings ............................................................................................ ix

3. Getting Help and Giving Feedback ................................................................................... x3.1. Do You Need Help? ............................................................................................. x3.2. We Need Feedback! ............................................................................................. x

I. Before you Begin 1

1. Overview 31.1. System Components ............................................................................................ 3

1.1.1. About the Virtual Machines ........................................................................ 41.1.2. About SPICE ............................................................................................. 4

1.2. Installation Workflow ............................................................................................. 5

2. System Requirements 72.1. Hardware requirements ........................................................................................ 7

2.1.1. Management Server Requirements ............................................................. 72.1.2. Virtualization Host Requirements ................................................................ 8

2.2. Software requirements ........................................................................................ 102.2.1. Operating Systems .................................................................................. 102.2.2. Client Requirements ................................................................................ 112.2.3. Red Hat Network (RHN) .......................................................................... 122.2.4. Directory Services .................................................................................... 132.2.5. Firewall Configuration .............................................................................. 14

II. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager 17

3. Manager Installation 193.1. Installation .......................................................................................................... 203.2. Configuration ...................................................................................................... 203.3. Removing Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager ........................................... 253.4. Connect to the Administration Portal .................................................................... 26

4. Data Collection Setup and Reports Installation 31

5. Upgrades between Minor Releases 35

III. Installing Virtualization Hosts 37

6. Introduction to Virtualization Hosts 39

7. Installing the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor 417.1. Installation Media ............................................................................................... 41

7.1.1. Preparation Instructions ............................................................................ 427.1.2. Preparing a Hypervisor USB Storage Device ............................................. 447.1.3. Preparing a Hypervisor from a CD-ROM or DVD ........................................ 48

7.2. Installation .......................................................................................................... 497.2.1. Interactive Installation .............................................................................. 50

7.3. Configuration ...................................................................................................... 567.3.1. Logging In ............................................................................................... 56

Installation Guide

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7.3.2. Status ..................................................................................................... 577.3.3. Network ................................................................................................... 577.3.4. Security ................................................................................................... 607.3.5. Logging ................................................................................................... 607.3.6. Kernel Dump ........................................................................................... 617.3.7. Remote Storage ...................................................................................... 617.3.8. RHEV-M .................................................................................................. 627.3.9. Red Hat Network ..................................................................................... 63

7.4. Using the Hypervisor .......................................................................................... 64

8. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux Hosts 678.1. Adding Red Hat Enterprise Linux Hosts ............................................................... 67

8.1.1. Preparing Red Hat Enterprise Linux Hosts ................................................ 678.1.2. To Add a Host ......................................................................................... 72

8.2. Activating a Host ................................................................................................ 75

IV. Environment Configuration 77

9. Planning your Data Center 799.1. Data Centers ...................................................................................................... 79

9.1.1. Prerequisites for Setting up a Data Center ................................................ 799.1.2. Working with Data Centers ....................................................................... 809.1.3. Creating a New Data Center .................................................................... 81

9.2. Clusters ............................................................................................................. 829.2.1. Creating a Cluster ................................................................................... 83

10. Network Setup 8510.1. Determine Network Requirements ..................................................................... 8610.2. Logical Networks .............................................................................................. 86

10.2.1. Adding Logical Networks ........................................................................ 8710.3. Set Up a Bond Device ...................................................................................... 89

11. Storage Setup 9311.1. Storage Domains Overview ............................................................................... 95

11.1.1. Adding NFS Storage .............................................................................. 9511.1.2. Adding iSCSI Storage ............................................................................ 9811.1.3. Adding FCP Storage ............................................................................ 10211.1.4. Adding Local Storage ........................................................................... 103

11.2. Populate the ISO Domain ................................................................................ 10411.2.1. Uploading the VirtIO and Guest Tool Image Files .................................... 105

V. Appendices 107

A. Troubleshooting and Error Messages 109A.1. Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Log Files .......................................... 109A.2. Context Sensitive Help ..................................................................................... 109

A.2.1. Administration Portal .............................................................................. 110

B. Directory Services 111B.1. IPA Server ....................................................................................................... 111

B.1.1. Adding New Users ................................................................................. 111B.2. Active Directory ................................................................................................ 112

C. Additional Utilities 115C.1. Domain Management Tool ................................................................................ 115

C.1.1. Syntax .................................................................................................. 115C.1.2. Examples .............................................................................................. 116

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C.2. Configuration Tool ............................................................................................ 117C.2.1. Syntax .................................................................................................. 118C.2.2. Examples .............................................................................................. 119

C.3. ISO Uploader ................................................................................................... 119C.3.1. Syntax .................................................................................................. 119C.3.2. Examples .............................................................................................. 121

C.4. Log Collector ................................................................................................... 121C.4.1. Syntax .................................................................................................. 121C.4.2. Examples .............................................................................................. 125

D. Revision History 127

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PrefaceThe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization platform is a richly featured virtualization management solutionproviding fully integrated management across virtual machines. It is based on the leading opensource virtualization platform and provides superior technical capabilities. The platform offers scalablemanagement of large numbers of virtual machines.

1. About this Guide

1.1. AudienceThis guide is intended to provide detailed instruction on the installation and configuration of Red HatEnterprise Virtualization. A background in the administration of systems running Red Hat EnterpriseLinux is recommended. Experience with previous versions of Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization, whilebeneficial, is not required.

Customers with an Evaluation license should, in the first instance, consult the Evaluation Guide for amore streamlined installation experience. This guide will discuss all installation options in their entirety.

1.2. OverviewCompletion of the procedures outlined within this guide will result in a working Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization environment. The environment produced will be configured to the level such that it canbe used to create, run, and manage virtual machines.

2. Document ConventionsThis manual uses several conventions to highlight certain words and phrases and draw attention tospecific pieces of information.

In PDF and paper editions, this manual uses typefaces drawn from the Liberation Fonts1 set. TheLiberation Fonts set is also used in HTML editions if the set is installed on your system. If not,alternative but equivalent typefaces are displayed. Note: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 and later includesthe Liberation Fonts set by default.

2.1. Typographic ConventionsFour typographic conventions are used to call attention to specific words and phrases. Theseconventions, and the circumstances they apply to, are as follows.

Mono-spaced Bold

Used to highlight system input, including shell commands, file names and paths. Also used to highlightkeycaps and key combinations. For example:

To see the contents of the file my_next_bestselling_novel in your currentworking directory, enter the cat my_next_bestselling_novel command at theshell prompt and press Enter to execute the command.

The above includes a file name, a shell command and a keycap, all presented in mono-spaced boldand all distinguishable thanks to context.

1 https://fedorahosted.org/liberation-fonts/

https://fedorahosted.org/liberation-fonts/

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Preface

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Key combinations can be distinguished from keycaps by the hyphen connecting each part of a keycombination. For example:

Press Enter to execute the command.

Press Ctrl+Alt+F2 to switch to the first virtual terminal. Press Ctrl+Alt+F1 toreturn to your X-Windows session.

The first paragraph highlights the particular keycap to press. The second highlights two keycombinations (each a set of three keycaps with each set pressed simultaneously).

If source code is discussed, class names, methods, functions, variable names and returned valuesmentioned within a paragraph will be presented as above, in mono-spaced bold. For example:

File-related classes include filesystem for file systems, file for files, and dir fordirectories. Each class has its own associated set of permissions.

Proportional Bold

This denotes words or phrases encountered on a system, including application names; dialog box text;labeled buttons; check-box and radio button labels; menu titles and sub-menu titles. For example:

Choose System → Preferences → Mouse from the main menu bar to launch MousePreferences. In the Buttons tab, click the Left-handed mouse check box and clickClose to switch the primary mouse button from the left to the right (making the mousesuitable for use in the left hand).

To insert a special character into a gedit file, choose Applications → Accessories→ Character Map from the main menu bar. Next, choose Search → Find… from theCharacter Map menu bar, type the name of the character in the Search field and clickNext. The character you sought will be highlighted in the Character Table. Double-click this highlighted character to place it in the Text to copy field and then click the

Copy button. Now switch back to your document and choose Edit → Paste from thegedit menu bar.

The above text includes application names; system-wide menu names and items; application-specificmenu names; and buttons and text found within a GUI interface, all presented in proportional bold andall distinguishable by context.

Mono-spaced Bold Italic or Proportional Bold Italic

Whether mono-spaced bold or proportional bold, the addition of italics indicates replaceable orvariable text. Italics denotes text you do not input literally or displayed text that changes depending oncircumstance. For example:

To connect to a remote machine using ssh, type ssh [email protected] ata shell prompt. If the remote machine is example.com and your username on thatmachine is john, type ssh [email protected].

The mount -o remount file-system command remounts the named filesystem. For example, to remount the /home file system, the command is mount -oremount /home.

To see the version of a currently installed package, use the rpm -q packagecommand. It will return a result as follows: package-version-release.

Note the words in bold italics above — username, domain.name, file-system, package, version andrelease. Each word is a placeholder, either for text you enter when issuing a command or for textdisplayed by the system.

Pull-quote Conventions

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Aside from standard usage for presenting the title of a work, italics denotes the first use of a new andimportant term. For example:

Publican is a DocBook publishing system.

2.2. Pull-quote ConventionsTerminal output and source code listings are set off visually from the surrounding text.

Output sent to a terminal is set in mono-spaced roman and presented thus:

books Desktop documentation drafts mss photos stuff svnbooks_tests Desktop1 downloads images notes scripts svgs

Source-code listings are also set in mono-spaced roman but add syntax highlighting as follows:

package org.jboss.book.jca.ex1;

import javax.naming.InitialContext;

public class ExClient{ public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception { InitialContext iniCtx = new InitialContext(); Object ref = iniCtx.lookup("EchoBean"); EchoHome home = (EchoHome) ref; Echo echo = home.create();

System.out.println("Created Echo");

System.out.println("Echo.echo('Hello') = " + echo.echo("Hello")); }}

2.3. Notes and WarningsFinally, we use three visual styles to draw attention to information that might otherwise be overlooked.

Note

Notes are tips, shortcuts or alternative approaches to the task at hand. Ignoring a note shouldhave no negative consequences, but you might miss out on a trick that makes your life easier.

Important

Important boxes detail things that are easily missed: configuration changes that only apply tothe current session, or services that need restarting before an update will apply. Ignoring a boxlabeled 'Important' will not cause data loss but may cause irritation and frustration.

Preface

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Warning

Warnings should not be ignored. Ignoring warnings will most likely cause data loss.

3. Getting Help and Giving Feedback

3.1. Do You Need Help?If you experience difficulty with a procedure described in this documentation, visit the Red HatCustomer Portal at http://access.redhat.com. Through the customer portal, you can:

• search or browse through a knowledgebase of technical support articles about Red Hat products.

• submit a support case to Red Hat Global Support Services (GSS).

• access other product documentation.

Red Hat also hosts a large number of electronic mailing lists for discussion of Red Hat software andtechnology. You can find a list of publicly available mailing lists at https://www.redhat.com/mailman/listinfo. Click on the name of any mailing list to subscribe to that list or to access the list archives.

3.2. We Need Feedback!

If you find a typographical error in this manual, or if you have thought of a way to make this manualbetter, we would love to hear from you! Please submit a report by email to the author of the manual,Stephen Gordon ([email protected] ). When submitting a bug report, be sure to mention themanual's identifier: Red_Hat_Enterprise_Virtualization-Installation_Guide.

If you have a suggestion for improving the documentation, try to be as specific as possible whendescribing it. If you have found an error, include the section number and some of the surrounding textso we can find it easily.

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mailto:[email protected]

Part I. Before you Begin

Chapter 1.

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OverviewRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization provides IT departments with the tools to meet the challengesof managing complex environments. Red Hat's state-of-the-art virtualization platform enablesadministrators to reduce the cost and complexity of large deployments. Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization platform provides:

• High availability to quickly configure virtual machines for fault tolerance.

• Live migration to move virtual machines between physical hosts without interruption.

• System scheduler to create policies to dynamically balance compute resources.

• Power saver to create policies to conserve power and cooling costs.

• Image manager to create, manage and provision virtual machines.

• Storage virtualization to consistently access common storage from any server.

• Multi-level administration to enable administration of physical infrastructure as well as administrationof virtual objects.

• Ability to convert existing virtual machines on foreign hypervisors to Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization platform.

• A range of reports either from the reports module based on JasperReports, or from the datawarehouse. The reports enable administrators to monitor and analyze information on virtualmachines, hosts and storage usage and performance.

1.1. System ComponentsRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization platform consists of one or more hosts (either Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Hypervisors or Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 and higher systems) and at least onemanager. The virtual machines are hosted on the hosts. The system and all its components aremanaged through a centralized management system.

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization ManagerThe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager acts as a centralized management system thatallows system administrators to view and manage virtual machines and images. The Red HatEnterprise Virtualization Manager provides a comprehensive range of features including searchcapabilities, resource management, live migrations and provisioning. The Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager itself also runs on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.

The manager provides a graphical user interface to administer the physical and logical resourceswithin the virtual environment infrastructure. It can be used to manage provisioning, connectionprotocols, user sessions, virtual machine pools, images and high availability/clustering. The RedHat Enterprise Virtualization Manager exposes an Administration Portal, a User Portal, and anApplication Programming Interface (API).

• The Administration Portal is used to perform setup, configuration, and management of the RedHat Enterprise Virtualization environment.

• The User Portal is used to start, stop, reboot, and connect to virtual machines. Users grantedpower user access by the environment's administrators are also able to create virtual machinetemplates and, virtual machines from this interface.

Chapter 1. Overview

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• The REST API provides and interface for automation of tasks normally accomplished manuallyby users. Scripts that make use of the REST API are able to be written in any language whichsupports accessing HTTP and HTTPS resources.

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor(s)The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor is a fully featured virtualization platform forquick, easy deployment and management of virtualized guests. The Hypervisor is designed formanagement via the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager. It provides a thin virtualizationlayer deployed across the server infrastructure.

Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM), which is a core component of the Linux kernel, is used toprovide virtualization. Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor 6 and later are supported bythis release of Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Host(s)The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager also supports the use of systems running Red HatEnterprise Linux 6 AMD64/Intel 64 versions as virtualization hosts.

1.1.1. About the Virtual MachinesRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization platform enables you to create virtual machines that perform thesame functions as physical machines. Using a standard Web browser, users can run virtual machinesthat behave like physical desktops. Multiple levels of permissions allow users with different roles tomanage virtual machines to meet the requirements of the enterprise.

Supported GuestsRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization presently supports the following virtualized guest operating systems:

• Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 (32 bit and 64 bit)




• Windows XP Service Pack 3 and newer (32 bit only)

• Windows 7 (32 bit and 64 bit)

• Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 2 and newer (32 bit and 64 bit)

• Windows Server 2008 (32 bit and 64 bit)

• Windows Server 2008 R2 (64 bit only)

1.1.2. About SPICEThe SPICE protocol allows the virtual machine to connect to the host with physical PC-like graphicsperformance. It supplies video at more than 30 frames per second, bi-directional audio (for soft-phones/IP phones), bi-directional video (for video telephony/video conferencing) and USB redirectionfrom the client’s USB port into the virtual machine. SPICE also supports connection to multiplemonitors with a single virtual machine. SPICE is automatically installed via ActiveX, using the browseron the virtual machine.

Installation Workflow

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1.2. Installation WorkflowRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization requires installation and configuration of several components tocreate a functioning virtualization environment. You must install and configure each component in theorder shown in the checklist that follows:

Check System Requirements• Check hardware requirements, as seen in Section 2.1, “Hardware requirements”.

• Check software requirements, as seen in Section 2.2, “Software requirements”.

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Installation• Install Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager, as seen in Chapter 3, Manager Installation.

• Install Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Reports, as seen in Chapter 4, Data CollectionSetup and Reports Installation.

Install Virtualization Hosts• Install Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor hosts, as seen in Chapter 7, Installing the Red

Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor.

Chapter 1. Overview

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• Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux Hosts, as seen in Chapter 8, Installing Red Hat Enterprise LinuxHosts.

Plan Your Data Center• Plan your Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Data Center(s), as seen in Chapter 9, Planning your

Data Center.

Setup Storage• For an overview of the supported storage types, and how they are attached to the manager, see

Section 11.1, “Storage Domains Overview”.

• To populate your ISO storage domain with installation media, see Section 11.2, “Populate the ISODomain”.

Completion of the above steps will result in the creation of a functioning Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization environment capable of running virtual machines.

If at any stage of the installation you encounter an error, or unexpected behavior, during the installationprocess review Appendix A, Troubleshooting and Error Messages, and contact Red Hat Support.

Chapter 2.

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System RequirementsThis chapter outlines the hardware and software requirements for installing the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization platform. The requirements outlined herein are based on the minimum requirementsfor successful installation, configuration, and operation of a Red Hat Enterprise Virtualizationenvironment.

Production Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization installations will have additional requirements in line withthe relative workloads expected of them. The additional requirements for your specific implementationof the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization product need to be determined by your solution architect.Guidance on planning your Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization environment is provided in Chapter 9,Planning your Data Center.

Important — Listed Requirements are Mandatory

All listed requirements must be met before installation commences. Without the listedrequirements installation of a fully functional Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization environment asdescribed in this guide will not be possible.

Before commencing the installation you must consult the latest version of the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization — Manager Release Notes.

2.1. Hardware requirementsThis section outlines the minimum hardware required to install, configure, and operate a Red HatEnterprise Virtualization environment. To setup a Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization environment it isnecessary to have, at least:

• one machine to act as the management server,

• one or more machines to act as virtualization hosts - at least two are required to support migrationand power management,

• one or more machines to use as clients for accessing the Administration Portal.

• storage infrastructure provided by NFS, iSCSI, SAN, or local storage.

The hardware required for each of these systems is further outlined in the following sections. TheRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization environment also requires storage infrastructure that is accessibleto the virtualization hosts. Storage infrastructure must be accessible using NFS, iSCSI, FC, or locallyattached to virtualization hosts.

2.1.1. Management Server RequirementsThe minimum and recommended hardware requirements outlined here are based on a typical smallto medium sized installation. The exact requirements vary between deployments based on sizing andload. Please use these recommendations as a guide only.

Minimum• A dual core CPU.

• 4 GB of available system RAM that is not being consumed by existing processes.

Chapter 2. System Requirements

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• 25 GB of locally accessible, writeable, disk space.

• 1 Network Interface Card (NIC) with bandwidth of at least 1 Gbps.

Recommended• A quad core CPU or multiple dual core CPUs.

• 16 GB of system RAM.

• 50 GB of locally accessible, writeable, disk space.

• 1 Network Interface Card (NIC) with bandwidth of at least 1 Gbps.

The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager runs on Red Hat Enterprise Linux. To confirm whetheror not specific hardware items are certified for use with Red Hat Enterprise Linux refer to http://www.redhat.com/rhel/compatibility/hardware/.

2.1.2. Virtualization Host RequirementsRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisors and Red Hat Enterprise Linux Hosts have a number ofhardware requirements and supported limits.

2.1.2.1. CPU RequirementsVirtualization hosts must have at least one CPU. All CPUs must support

• the Intel® 64 or AMD64 CPU extensions, and

• the AMD-V™ or Intel VT® hardware virtualization extensions.

Additionally a maximum of 128 physical CPUs per virtualization host is currently supported. To checkthat your processor supports the required virtualization extensions, and that they are enabled:

• At the Red Hat Enterprise Linux or Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor boot screen pressany key and select the Boot or Boot with serial console entry from the list. Press Tab to edit thekernel parameters for the selected option. After the last kernel parameter listed ensure there is aSpace and append the rescue parameter.

• Press Enter to boot into rescue mode.

• At the prompt which appears, determine that your processor has the virtualization extensions andthat they are enabled by running this command:

# grep -E 'svm|vmx' /proc/cpuinfo

If any output is shown, the processor is hardware virtualization capable. If no output is shownit is still possible that your processor supports hardware virtualization. In some circumstancesmanufacturers disable the virtualization extensions in the BIOS. Where you believe this to be thecase consult the system's BIOS and the motherboard manual provided by the manufacturer.

• As an additional check, verify that the kvm modules are loaded in the kernel:

# lsmod | grep kvm

If the output includes kvm_intel or kvm_amd then the kvm hardware virtualization modules areloaded and your system meets requirements.

http://www.redhat.com/rhel/compatibility/hardware/

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Virtualization Host Requirements

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2.1.2.2. RAM RequirementsVirtualization hosts must have at least 10 GB of RAM. A minimum of an additional 1 GB for eachvirtual machine is also recommended. The amount of RAM required for each guest varies dependingon:

• the guest operating system's requirements,

• the guests' application requirements, and

• memory activity and usage of guests.

The fact that KVM is able to over-commit physical RAM for virtualized guests must also be taken intoaccount. This allows provisioning of guests with RAM requirements greater than physically present onthe basis where not all guests will be at peak load concurrently. KVM does this by only allocating RAMfor guests as required and shifting underutilized guests into swap.

Additionally a maximum of 1 TB of RAM per virtualization host is currently supported.

2.1.2.3. Storage RequirementsVirtualization hosts require local storage to store configuration, logs, kernel dumps, and for use asswap space. The minimum storage requirements of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisorare documented in this section. The storage requirements for Red Hat Enterprise Linux hosts varybased on the amount of disk space used by their existing configuration but are expected to be greaterthan those of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor.

It is recommended that each virtualization host has at least 10 GB of internal storage. The minimumsupported internal storage for each Hypervisor is the total of that required to provision the followingpartitions:

• The root partitions require at least 512 MB of storage.

• The configuration partition requires at least 8 MB of storage.

• The recommended minimum size of the logging partition is 2048 MB.

• The data partition requires at least 256 MB of storage. Use of a smaller data partition may preventfuture upgrades of the Hypervisor from the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager. By default alldisk space remaining after allocation of swap space will be allocated to the data partition.

• The swap partition requires at least 8 MB of storage. The recommended size of the swap partitionvaries depending on both the system the Hypervisor is being installed upon and the anticipatedlevel of overcommit for the environment. Overcommit allows the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualizationenvironment to present more RAM to guests than is actually physically present. The defaultovercommit ratio is 0.5.

The recommended size of the swap partition can be determined by:• Multiplying the amount of system RAM by the expected overcommit ratio, and adding

• 2 GB of swap space for systems with 4 GB of RAM or less, or

• 4 GB of swap space for systems with between 4 GB and 16 GB of RAM, or

• 8 GB of swap space for systems with between 16 GB and 64 GB of RAM, or

• 16 GB of swap space for systems with between 64 GB and 256 GB of RAM.


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Example 2.1. Calculating Swap Partition SizeFor a system with 8 GB of RAM this means the formula for determining the amount of swapspace to allocate is:

(8 GB x 0.5) + 4 GB = 8 GB

Important — Fakeraid Devices are not Supported

The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor does not support installation on fakeraiddevices. Where a fakeraid device is present it must be reconfigured such that it no longer runsin RAID mode.

1. Access the RAID controller's BIOS and remove all logical drives from it.

2. Change controller mode to be non-RAID. This may be referred to as compatibility or JBODmode.

Access the manufacturer provided documentation for further information related to the specificdevice in use.

2.1.2.4. PCI Device RequirementsVirtualization hosts must have at least one network interface with a minimum bandwidth of 1 Gbps. Itis recommended that each virtualization host have two network interfaces with a minimum bandwidthof 1 Gbps to support network intensive activity, including virtual machine migration.

2.2. Software requirements

2.2.1. Operating Systems• Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager requires Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6. It is expected

that you have successfully completed installation of the operating system prior to commencinginstallation of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager.

• Virtualization hosts require Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor 6 or Red Hat EnterpriseLinux 6. Where Red Hat Enterprise Linux hosts are to be used it is expected that you havecompleted installation of the operating system prior to commencing installation of the Red HatEnterprise Virtualization Manager.

Installation of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux Hypervisor is, however, covered in this guide. Moredetailed information is available in the Red Hat Enterprise Linux - Hypervisor Deployment Guide.

Client Requirements

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Important — Supported Locales

The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager setup script, rhevm-setup, supports theen_US.UTF-8, en_US.utf8, and en_US.utf-8 locales. Attempts at installation on systemswhere the locale in use is not one of these supported values will fail.

2.2.2. Client RequirementsTo access the Administration Portal, you need a client with a supported web browser. TheAdministration Portal supports the following clients and browsers:

• Client• Windows XP,

• Windows 7 (x86, AMD64 and Intel 64), and

• Windows 2008/R2 (x86, AMD64 and Intel 64).

• Browser• Internet Explorer 7 and higher on Windows, with the .NET Framework 4 installed.

To access the User Portal, you need a thin client with a supported web browser. The User Portalsupports the following clients and browsers:

• Client• Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5 (i386, AMD64 and Intel 64)

• Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.0 (i386, AMD64 and Intel 64)

• Windows XP

• Windows XP Embedded (XPe)

• Windows 7 (x86, AMD64 and Intel 64)

• Windows Embedded Standard 7

• Windows 2008/R2 (x86, AMD64 and Intel 64)

• Windows Embedded Standard 2009

• Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Certified Linux-based thin clients

• Browser• Internet Explorer 7 and higher on Windows, with the SPICE ActiveX control installed

• Mozilla Firefox 3.5 and higher on Red Hat Enterprise Linux, with the SPICE plugin installed


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2.2.3. Red Hat Network (RHN)

2.2.3.1. Required ChannelsInstallation of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager requires that the system be subscribed toa number of additional Red Hat Network channels. These channels are used to retrieve both the initialinstallation packages and later updates as they become available.

• The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager (v.3 x86_64) channel, also referredto as rhel-x86_64-server-6-rhevm-3, provides Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager.

• The JBoss Application Platform (v 5 in rpm) channel, also referred to asjbappplatform-5-x86_64-server-6-rpm, provides the supported release of the applicationplatform on which the manager runs.

• The RHEL Server Supplementary (v. 6 64-bit x86_64) channel, also referred to asrhel-x86_64-server-supplementary-6, provides the supported version of the Java RuntimeEnvironment (JRE).

Use the rhn-channel --list command to confirm the list of channels to which the server issubscribed.

2.2.3.2. Red Hat Network Configuration

1. Register to Red Hat NetworkRun the rhn_register command to register the system with the Red Hat Network. To completeregistration successfully you will need to supply your Red Hat Network username and password.Follow the onscreen prompts to complete registration of the system.

# rhn_register

2. Subscribe to Required ChannelsYou must subscribe the system to the required channels using either the Red Hat Network webinterface or the command line rhn-channel command.

Using the Red Hat Network Web InterfaceTo add a channel subscription to a system from the web interface:

a. Log on to Red Hat Network (http://rhn.redhat.com).

b. Click Systems at the top of the page.

c. Select the system to which you are adding channels from the list presented on thescreen, by clicking the name of the system.

d. Click Alter Channel Subscriptions in the Subscribed Channels section of the screen.

e. Select the channel to be added from the list presented on the screen, then click theChange Subscription button to finalize the change.

Repeat these steps for each additional channel the system is to be subscribed to.

Using the rhn-channel CommandRun the rhn-channel command to subscribe the system to each of the required channels.The commands which need to be run are:

http://rhn.redhat.com

Directory Services

13

# rhn-channel --add --channel=rhel-x86_64-server-6-rhevm-3# rhn-channel --add --channel=jbappplatform-5-x86_64-server-6-rpm# rhn-channel --add --channel=rhel-x86_64-server-supplementary-6

Important — Troubleshooting rhn-channel Errors

If you are not the Red Hat Network administrator for the machine, or the machine is notregistered to Red Hat Network, then use of the rhn-channel command will result in anerror:

Error communicating with server. The message was:Error Class Code: 37Error Class Info: You are not allowed to perform administrative tasks on this system.Explanation: An error has occurred while processing your request. If this problem persists please enter a bug report at bugzilla.redhat.com. If you choose to submit the bug report, please be sure to include details of what you were trying to do when this error occurred and details on how to reproduce this problem.

If you encounter this error when using rhn-channel then to add the Red Hat Networkchannel to the system you must use the web user interface.

Result:The system is now registered with Red Hat Network and subscribed to the channels required for RedHat Enterprise Virtualization Manager installation.

2.2.4. Directory ServicesThe term directory service refers to the collection of software, hardware, and processes that storeinformation about an enterprise, subscribers, or both, and make that information available to users. Adirectory service consists of at least one instance of Directory Server and at least one directory clientprogram. Client programs can access names, phone numbers, addresses, and other data stored in thedirectory service.

The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization platform provides its own internal admin user. Authenticationfor other users is supported by attaching directory services domains using the provided domainmanagement tool, rhevm-manage-domains. Currently the two supported providers of directoryservices for use with the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager are Identity, Policy, and Audit (IPA)and Microsoft Active Directory.

For more information on configuring directory services see Appendix B, Directory Services.


14

2.2.5. Firewall ConfigurationThis section documents the firewall requirements of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization environment.The ports that need to be opened, the type of traffic the port is used for, and the source of traffic whichwill be received on the port will be covered for the:

• Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager,

• virtualization hosts, and

• directory server.

While specific configuration instructions for additional network infrastructure which may exist betweenthese systems will not be covered it is intended that the information provided will assist with this task.

2.2.5.1. Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Firewall RequirementsThe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager requires that a number of ports be opened to allownetwork traffic through the system's firewall. The rhevm-setup script is able to set the requiredfirewall rules automatically. Where an existing firewall configuration exists this step is able to beskipped. This allows the required changes to be manually integrated with the existing firewall script(s).

The firewall configuration documented within this chapter assumes a default configuration. Whereyou choose alternative values during installation, such as specifying a different HTTP, or HTTPS, portadjust the firewall rules to allow the selected port - not the default listed here.

Table 2.1. Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Firewall Requirements

Port(s) Protocol Source Destination Purpose

22 TCP • System(s) usedfor maintenanceof the managerincludingbackendconfiguration,and softwareupgrades.

• Red HatEnterpriseVirtualizationManager

SSH (optional)

8080, 8443 TCP • AdministrationPortal clients

• User Portalclients

• Red HatEnterpriseVirtualizationHypervisor(s)

• Red HatEnterpriseLinux host(s)

• REST APIclients

• Red HatEnterpriseVirtualizationManager

Provides HTTPand HTTPSaccess to themanager.

8006 - 8009 TCP • AdministrationPortal clients

• Red HatEnterprise

WPFcommunicationbetween the

Firewall Configuration

15

Port(s) Protocol Source Destination PurposeVirtualizationManager

AdministrationPortal ActiveXapplet and thebackend.

Important — Additional Ports Required to Export Storage

Where the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager is also to export NFS storage, such asan ISO Domain, then additional ports must be allowed through the firewall. The ports used forNFS, which need to be exposed to the Red Hat Enterprise Linux Hosts and Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Hypervisors, are listed in the /etc/sysconfig/nfs file:

$ cat /etc/sysconfig/nfsLOCKD_TCPPORT=32803LOCKD_UDPPORT=32769MOUNTD_PORT=892RQUOTAD_PORT=875STATD_PORT=662STATD_OUTGOING_PORT=2020

2.2.5.2. Virtualization Host Firewall RequirementsBoth Red Hat Enterprise Linux hosts and Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisors require that anumber of ports be opened to allow network traffic through the system's firewall. In the case of the RedHat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor these firewall rules are configured automatically. For Red HatEnterprise Linux hosts however it is necessary to manually configure the firewall.

Table 2.2. Virtualization Host Firewall Requirements


22 TCP • Red HatEnterpriseVirtualizationManager



Secure Shell(SSH) access.

5634 - 6166 TCP • AdministrationPortal clients

• User Portalclients



Remote guestconsole accessvia VNC andSpice. Theseports must beopen to facilitateclient access tovirtual machines.

16514 TCP • Red HatEnterpriseVirtualizationHypervisor(s)


Virtual machinemigration usinglibvirt.


16

Port(s) Protocol Source Destination Purpose• Red Hat

EnterpriseLinux Host(s)

• Red HatEnterpriseLinux Host(s)

49152 - 49216 TCP • Red HatEnterpriseLinuxHypervisor(s)


• Red HatEnterpriseLinuxHypervisor(s)


Virtual machinemigrationand fencingusing VDSM.These portsmust be openfacilitate bothautomated andmanually initiatedmigration of virtualmachines.

54321 TCP • Red HatEnterpriseVirtualizationManager





VDSMcommunicationswith the Managerand othervirtualizationhosts.

2.2.5.3. Directory Firewall RequirementsRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization requires a directory server to support user authentication. Currentlythe supported directory servers are IPA and Active Directory. Both require a number of ports to beopened in the directory server's firewall to support GSS-API authentication as used by the Red HatEnterprise Virtualization Manager.

Table 2.3. Host Firewall Requirements


88, 464 TCP, UDP • Red HatEnterpriseVirtualizationManager

• Directory server Kerberosauthentication.

389, 636 TCP • Red HatEnterpriseVirtualizationManager

• Directory server LightweightDirectory AccessProtocol (LDAP)and LDAP overSSL.

Part II. Installing Red HatEnterprise Virtualization Manager

Chapter 3.

19

Manager InstallationBefore proceeding with Red Hat Virtualization Manager installation you must ensure that allprerequisites, as listed in Chapter 2, System Requirements, are met. Once you have confirmed that allprerequisites are met you are ready to proceed with installation.

To perform initial installation and configuration of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager followthe steps in Section 3.1, “Installation”. Once you have followed this procedure the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager and dependencies, including JBoss (http://www.jboss.com), will be installedand configured ready for your first login. Further action must be undertaken to complete configurationof the environment to the point that you can create virtual machines. These tasks will be described inthe following chapters.

To complete installation of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager successfully you must beable to determine:

1. The ports to be used for HTTP, and HTTPS, communication. The defaults are 8080 and 8443respectively.

2. The Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) of the system the manager is to be installed on.

3. The password you will use to secure the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization administration account.

4. The password you will use to secure the database.

5. The Organization Name to use when creating the manager's security certificates.

6. The storage type to be used for the initial data center attached to the manager. The default is NFS.

7. The path to use for the ISO share, if the manager is being configured to provide one. The displayname, which will be used to label the domain in the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manageralso needs to be provided.

8. The firewall rules, if any, present on the system that need to be integrated with the rules requiredfor the manager to function.

Before installation is completed the values selected are displayed for confirmation. Once the valueshave been confirmed they are applied and the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager is ready foruse.

Example 3.1. Completed Installation

RHEV Manager will be installed using the following configuration:=================================================================http-port: 8080https-port: 8443host-fqdn: manager.demo.redhat.comauth-pass: ********db-pass: ********org-name: Red Hatdefault-dc-type: NFSnfs-mp: /isodomainiso-domain-name: ISODomainoverride-iptables: yesProceed with the configuration listed above? (yes|no):

http://www.jboss.com

Chapter 3. Manager Installation

20

Note — Automated Installation

Automated installations are created by providing rhevm-setup with an answer file. An answerfile contains answers to the questions asked by the setup command.

• To create an answer file, use the --gen-answer-file parameter to set the location to whichthe answer file must be saved. The rhevm-setup command will record your answers to thefile.

# rhevm-setup --gen-answer-file=ANSWER_FILE

• To use an answer file for a new installation, use the --answer-file parameter to set thelocation of the answer file that must be used. The command rhevm-setup command will usethe answers stored in the file to complete installation.

# rhevm-setup --answer-file=ANSWER_FILE

Run rhevm-setup --help for further information.

3.1. InstallationThe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager and all of its dependencies are available via Red HatNetwork. To install the manager you must ensure connectivity with either the Red Hat Network ora Red Hat Network Satellite Server is available. You must also ensure that you have access to allrequired Red Hat Network channels. See Section 2.2.3.1, “Required Channels” for further information.

1. If installed, the classpathx-jaf package must be removed. It conflicts with some of the componentsinstalled to support JBoss.

# yum remove classpathx-jaf

2. Use yum to ensure that the most up to date versions of all installed packages are in use.

# yum upgrade

3. Use yum to initiate installation of the rhevm package and all dependencies. You must run thiscommand as the root user.

# yum install rhevm

Result:All required packages and dependencies are installed. You must now configure the system.

3.2. ConfigurationOnce package installation is complete the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager must beconfigured. The rhevm-setup command is provided to assist with this task. The script asks

Configuration

21

you a series of questions, the answers to which form the basis for system configuration. Once allrequired values have been provided the updated configuration is applied and the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager services are started.

1. Start Setup ScriptTo begin configuring the system run rhevm-setup as the root user.

# rhevm-setup

2. Set Port for HTTPThe script prompts for entry of the port to use for HTTP communication. To use the default value,8080, press Enter. To use an alternative value enter it in the field, and then press Enter.

HTTP Port [8080] :

The port you select also appears in the URL that must be used to access the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager over HTTP.

Example 3.2. Access Using HTTPFor a machine with hostname manager.demo.redhat.com using the defaultHTTP port value, 8080, the URL to access the entry page over HTTP is http://manager.demo.redhat.com:8080/.

3. Set Port for HTTPSThe script prompts for entry of the port to use for HTTPS communication. To use the defaultvalue, 8443, press Enter. To use an alternative value enter it in the field, and then press Enter.

HTTPS Port [8443] :

Where a port other than 8443 is selected it changes the URL that must be used to access theRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager over HTTPS.

Example 3.3. Access Using HTTPSFor a machine with hostname manager.demo.redhat.com using the defaultHTTPS port value, 8443, the URL to access the entry page over HTTPS is https://manager.demo.redhat.com:8443/.

4. Set Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)The script prompts for entry of the system's fully qualified domain name. This name should beresolvable via both forward and reverse DNS lookup. The script attempts to determine the fullyqualified domain name automatically. The value identified is listed in square brackets as thedefault setting for the fully qualified domain name, based on your setup.

Host fully qualified domain name, note that this name should be fully resolvable [manager.demo.redhat.com] :

Where the automatically determined fully qualified domain name is correct, press Enter to usethe value and continue. Where the automatically determined fully qualified domain name is notcorrect, enter the correct value and press Enter to use the new value and continue.

5. Set Administrator PasswordThe script creates an authentication domain internal to the Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationManager for the default administrative account. The domain is named internal, the


22

administrative user is called admin. External authentication domains are added as a post-installation step using the rhevm-manage-domains command.

You must choose a password for the admin user. You will be asked to enter it a second time toconfirm your selection.

Password for Administrator (admin@internal) :

6. Set Database PasswordThe script prompts for entry of a password to use for the Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationManager database. You must enter a strong password. Strong passwords consist of a mix ofuppercase, lowercase, numeric, and punctuation characters. They are six or more characters longand do not contain dictionary words. Enter the desired password and press Enter. You will beasked to enter the password again to confirm it.

Database password (required for secure authentication with the locally created database) :

7. Set Organization NameThe script prompts for entry of the Organization Name. The Organization Name appears in theSubject field of the certificate used to secure communications with the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager.

Organization Name for the Certificate :

8. Configure Default Storage TypeThe script prompts for selection of the default storage type. This is the storage type that is usedfor the Default data center. You are able to add further data centers that use different storagetypes from the Administration Portal at any time.

The default storage type you will be using ['NFS'| 'FC'| 'ISCSI'] [NFS] :

The default selection is Network File System (NFS). The other available values are:• Fibre Channel (FC),

• Internet Small Computer System Interface (ISCSI), and

The NFS, FC, and ISCSI options are used to connect to remote storage. Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization also supports The LOCALFS storage type which allows the use of local storageattached to the virtualization hosts, but this storage type is not supported for the Default datacenter.

To use the default selection, NFS, press Enter. To select FC, or ISCSI then enter the value andthen press Enter.

9. Configure NFS ISO DomainThe script asks whether or not an NFS share should be configured on the server and used as anISO storage domain.

Should the installer configure NFS share on this server to be used as an ISO Domain? ['yes'| 'no'] [yes] :

Configuration

23

An ISO storage domain is used to store copies of removable media for use when provisioning andusing virtual machines. The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager is able to use either anISO storage domain on the system it is installed to or one that exists on remote storage. In eithercase the ISO storage domain must be accessible via NFS. The ability to configure an ISO storagedomain is also available from the Administration Portal after installation.

To take the default action, which is to configure an NFS share for use as an ISO storage domain,press Enter. To skip this step type no and press Enter.

If you chose to configure an NFS share then you will also need to provide both a path and adisplay name for it. The path is the location on the local file system where the NFS share must becreated. The directory must not already exist.

Mount point path:

The display name is the name the storage domain will appear under in the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager. The display name must not contain non-alphanumeric characters otherthan the underscore (_) and the hyphen (-).

Display name for the ISO domain:

The ISO domain will be created and exported as an NFS share. It will be shown as active in theRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager once the first active virtualization host has been addedto the Default data center.

10. Configure FirewallThe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager requires that network traffic on a number ofports be allowed through the system's firewall. The rhevm-setup script is able to configure thisautomatically, but selecting this option overrides any existing firewall configuration. Where thereis an existing firewall configuration that needs to be maintained you must manually configure thefirewall to include the additional rules required by the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager.

Firewall ports need to be opened.You can let the installer configure iptables automatically overriding the current configuration. The old configuration will be backed up.Alternately you can configure the firewall later using an example iptables file found under /usr/share/rhevm/conf/iptables.exampleShould the installer configure iptables now? ['yes'| 'no'] [yes] :

To proceed with automatic firewall configuration type yes and then press Enter.

To skip automatic firewall configuration type no and then press Enter. You will need to addrules equivalent to those found in /usr/share/rhevm/conf/iptables.example to youriptables configuration.

11. Confirm ConfigurationYou have now provided the script with all the information required to complete configuration ofthe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager. The values which you entered are displayed forconfirmation.

Example 3.4. Configuration Confirmation Screen


24

RHEV Manager will be installed using the following configuration:=================================================================http-port: 8080https-port: 8443host-fqdn: manager.demo.redhat.comauth-pass: ********db-pass: ********org-name: Red Hatdefault-dc-type: NFSnfs-mp: /isoshareiso-domain-name: ISODomainoverride-iptables: yesProceed with the configuration listed above? (yes|no):

To permanently apply the configuration values listed type yes and then press Enter to applythe configuration.

If one or more of the configuration values listed is incorrect type no and then Enter to revisitthe configuration.

The configuration values are applied. A number of services need to be started and as a resultthis step takes some time. Do not terminate the installation once application of the configurationvalues has commenced.

Once the script has completed successfully take note of the additional information it provides.In particular note down the SSH Certificate fingerprint, SSH Public keyfingerprint, and Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager URL for your records.

Example 3.5. Successful Configuration

Installing:Creating JBoss Profile... [ DONE ]Creating CA... [ DONE ]Setting Database Security... [ DONE ]Creating Database... [ DONE ]Updating the Default Data Center Storage Type... [ DONE ]Editing JBoss Configuration... [ DONE ]Editing RHEV Manager Configuration... [ DONE ]Configuring the Default ISO Domain... [ DONE ]Configuring Firewall (iptables)... [ DONE ]Starting JBoss Service... [ DONE ]

**** Installation completed successfully ******

(Please allow RHEV Manager a few moments to start up.....)

Additional information: * SSL Certificate fingerprint: 4C:A4:8F:93:62:50:C1:63:C8:09:70:77:07:90:FD:65:5B:3C:E8:DD * SSH Public key fingerprint: fa:71:38:88:58:67:ae:f0:b1:17:fe:91:31:6c:66:6e * A default ISO share has been created on this host. If IP based access restrictions are required, please edit /isoshare entry in /etc/exports * The firewall has been updated, the old iptables configuration file was saved to /usr/share/rhevm/conf/iptables.backup.103654-09092011_866 * The installation log file is available at: /var/log/rhevm/rhevm-setup_2011_09_09_10_32_56.log * Please use the user "admin" and password specified in order to login into RHEV Manager * To configure additional users, first configure authentication domains using the 'rhevm-manage-domains' utility

Removing Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager

25

* To access RHEV Manager please go to the following URL: http://manager.demo.redhat.com:8080

Result:The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager has been installed and configured successfully. Youare now able to connect to the Administration Portal for the first time, see Section 3.4, “Connect to theAdministration Portal” for further information.

Note — Periodic Updates

Red Hat periodically provides updates to the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager. Forinformation on upgrading to newer releases, refer to Chapter 5, Upgrades between MinorReleases.

3.3. Removing Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization ManagerThe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager provides the rhevm-cleanup utility to allow quick andeasy removal of the data files associated with the installation. Once this has been run you are able toremove the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager packages using yum.

Warning — Potential Data Loss

The rhevm-cleanup command removes all existing Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Managerdata. This includes configuration settings, certificates, and database tables.

1. Run the rhevm-cleanup command on the system that Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationManager is installed on. You must be logged in as the root user to run rhevm-cleanup.

2. The script prompts you to confirm that you wish to remove Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationManager.

Would you like to proceed? (yes|no): yes

Type yes and then press Enter to proceed with removal of Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationManager.

3. The rhevm-cleanup command displays a message confirming that the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization data files have been removed successfully.

RHEV Manager cleanup finished successfully!

To complete removal of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager you must also use yum toremove the relevant packages. While still logged in as the root user run:

# yum remove rhevm* vdsm-bootstrap


26

Result:Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager has been removed from the system successfully.

3.4. Connect to the Administration PortalThe Administration Portal allows you to create, configure, monitor, and maintain the Red HatEnterprise Virtualization environment using a graphical interface. To begin configuring your Red HatEnterprise Virtualization environment you must first log into the Administration Portal. Before logging inthe first time there are a number of prerequisites that must be met.

The system(s) used to access the Administration Portal must run either:

• Windows XP,

• Windows 7, or

• Windows Server 2008 R2.

Additionally, the system must have Internet Explorer 7 or later, and the .NET Framework 4 installed.Further checks must also be performed to ensure that Internet Explorer's security configurationsupports the Administration Portal. To access the Administration Portal successfully you must makethe following changes to the security configuration:

• disable Internet Explorer Enhanced Security Configuration (Windows Server 2008 R2 only),

• add the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager to your list of Trusted Sites, and

• enable support for XAML browser applications.

This section includes information on all of the steps that you need to undertake to ensure thatthese requirements are met. If you have already met all of the listed requirements you can proceeddirectly to connect to the Administration Portal, see Procedure 3.1, “Connect to Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization web management portal”.

Install .NET Framework 4The installation package for the .NET Framework 4 is available at http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?id=17718. You should download, and run this executable prior to accessing theAdministration Portal for the first time. You will need to run the executable as a user with administrationaccess to the system.

Configure Internet Explorer Enhanced Security ConfigurationInternet Explorer on Windows Server 2008 R2 includes an Enhanced Security Configuration. Toaccess the Administration Portal from these platforms you must first disable the Enhanced SecurityConfiguration.

1. Click Start → Administrative Tools → Server Manager. On the Security Information pane inthe Server Manager window, click Configure IE ESC.

http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?id=17718

http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?id=17718

Connect to the Administration Portal

27

2. The Internet Explorer Enhanced Security Configuration dialog displays. Select Off forAdministrators and Users to disable the security configuration. Click OK.

Figure 3.1. Disable Internet Explorer Enhanced Security Configuration

Certificate Installation and Browser ConfigurationTo access the Administration Portal from any system, regardless of the version of Windows or InternetExplorer in use, you must:

• install the certification authority's certificate as a trusted root certification authority, and

• install the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization site certificate.

These changes must be made to support secure access to the Administration Portal.

1. Open a browser and navigate to http://manager.demo.redhat.com:8080/RHEVManager.Substitute manager.demo.redhat.com with the fully qualified domain name provided duringRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager installation. Additionally, where a non-default HTTPport was selected during installation replace 8080 with the port that was chosen.

2. To trust the certification authority's certificate click the this certificate link. When promptedselect to Open the file. On Internet Explorer 9 the prompt appears at the bottom of the screen.Earlier versions will display a dialog box instead.

3. On the screen that appears, click Install Certificate to commence certificate installation.

4. On the Certificate Store screen enable the Place all certificates in the following store option,then click the Browse... button.

5. From the list of certificate stores, select Trusted Root Certification Authorities and click OK.

6. Click Next >, then follow the prompts to complete installation of the certification authority'scertificate.


28

7. Click the here link on the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager page to download andlaunch the site certificate installation. Follow the prompts to complete installation of the certificate.

Result:The certification authority and site certificates have successfully been installed. Users of InternetExplorer 9 must complete additional configuration before accessing the Administration Portal.

Additional Configuration for Internet Explorer 9To access the Administration Portal using Internet Explorer 9 you must add the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager's fully qualified domain name as a Trusted Site in Internet Explorer. Additionallyyou must ensure that support for XAML browser applications is enabled.

1. On the browser's toolbar, click Tools → Internet Options. The Internet Options dialog displays.Click on the Security tab and select Trusted Sites.

Figure 3.2. Add to Trusted Sites

2. Click Sites to display the Trusted Sites dialog. The URL for your Administration Portal shouldappear in the text box under Add this website to the zone. Click Add to move the site to the listof trusted zones, then click Close.

3. Click Custom Level.... Locate the XAML browser applications item in the list, ensure that it isset to Enable, then click Ok.

4. Click Ok to save the configuration changes, you must now restart Internet Explorer for them totake effect.

Connect to the Administration Portal

29

Result:The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager is listed in trusted sites, and Internet Explorer isconfigured to allow the running of XAML browser applications in this zone.

ConnectingNow that the prerequisites have been resolved, you can log in to the Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationManager. Ensure that you have the user name and password provided during Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager installation.

Procedure 3.1. Connect to Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization web management portal1. Return to the browser and navigate to https://manager.demo.redhat.com:8443/

RHEVManager. Substitute manager.demo.redhat.com with the URL provided duringinstallation. Additionally where a non-default HTTPS port was selected during installation, replace8443 in the URL with the port that was chosen.

2. If this is your first time connecting to the Administration Portal, you will be prompted to trust theca.cer certificate and install the RHEV-GUI-CertificateInstaller.exe certificate.

Figure 3.3. Install certificate

Follow the prompts, then click the new link that appears on the page to reload the AdministrationPortal.

3. The portal login screen displays. Enter admin as your User Name. Enter the password that wasset during installation in the Password field. Select the internal domain from the Domain list.


30

Click Login to log in.

Figure 3.4. Administration Portal Login Page

Result:You have now successfully logged into the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization web AdministrationPortal. You can now:

• optionally, install Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Reports - see Chapter 4, DataCollection Setup and Reports Installation, or

• begin installing virtualization hosts - see Part III, “Installing Virtualization Hosts”.

Chapter 4.

31

Data Collection Setup and ReportsInstallationThe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager optionally includes a comprehensive managementhistory database, which can be utilized by any application to extract a range of information at the datacenter, cluster, and host levels. As the database structure changes over time a number of databaseviews are also included to provide a consistent structure to consuming applications. A view is a virtualtable composed of the result set of a database query. The definition of a view is stored in the databaseas a SELECT statement. The result set of the SELECT statement populates the virtual table returned bythe view. If the optional comprehensive management history database has been enabled, the historytables and their associated views are stored in the rhevm_history database.

In addition to the history database Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Reports functionality isalso available as an optional component. Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Reports providesa customized implementation of JasperServer, and JasperReports. JasperServer is a component ofJasperReports, an open source reporting tool, capable of being embedded in Java-based applications.It produces reports which can be rendered to screen, printed, or exported to a variety of formatsincluding PDF, Excel, CSV, Word, RTF, Flash, ODT and ODS. Reports built in Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager Reports are accessed via a web interface. In addition to a range of pre-configured reports and dashboards for monitoring the system, you are also able to create your own adhoc reports.

Before proceeding with Red Hat Virtualization Manager Reports installation you must first haveinstalled the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager, as described in Chapter 3, ManagerInstallation.

Chapter 4. Data Collection Setup and Reports Installation

32

The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Reports functionality depends on the presence of thehistory database, which is installed separately. Both the history database and the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager Reports are optional components. They are not installed by default when youinstall the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager.

• To install and configure the rhevm_history database, see Procedure 4.1, “Install and ConfigureHistory Database”.

• To install and configure the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Reports, see Procedure 4.2,“Install and Configure Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Reports”. You must ensure thatyou have installed, and configured, the rhevm_history database prior to installing JasperReports.

Procedure 4.1. Install and Configure History Database1. Install Required Packages

Use yum to initiate installation of the rhevm-reports-dwh package, or the rhevm-reports packageif you also intend to install Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Reports. You must run thiscommand as the root user on the system hosting the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager.

To install only the data warehouse package:

33

# yum install rhevm-reports-dwh

To install both the data warehouse package and the Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationManager Reports package:

# yum install rhevm-reports

2. Confirm Package InstallationThe required packages are downloaded. Once all packages have been downloaded they arelisted for review. You will be prompted to confirm that you wish to continue with the installation.Once you have confirmed the operation yum installs the packages. Some further configuration is,however, required before the reports functionality can be used.

3. Configure History DatabaseYou need to use the rhevm-dwh-setup command to configure the Extract, Transform, Load(ETL) process and database scripts used to create and maintain a working history database.

a. You must run this command as the root user on the system hosting the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager.

# rhevm-dwh-setup

b. For the history database installation to take effect it is necessary to restart the jbossasservice. The rhevm-dwh-setup command asks you:

Would you like to stop the JBoss service? (yes|no):

Type yes and then press Enter to proceed. The command then:• stops the jbossas service,

• creates and configures the rhevm_history database, and

• starts the jbossas service.

Result:The rhevm_history database has been created. The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager isconfigured to log information to this database for reporting purposes.

Procedure 4.2. Install and Configure Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Reports1. Use yum to install the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Reports package, rhevm-reports,

if you did not already do this when performing the datawarehouse installation. This package mustbe installed on the system that the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager is installed. Youmust be logged in as the root user.

# yum install rhevm-reports

2. You must run this command as the root user on the system hosting the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager.

# rhevm-reports-setup

Chapter 4. Data Collection Setup and Reports Installation

34

3. For the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Reports installation to take effect it isnecessary to restart the jbossas service. The rhevm-reports-setup command asks you:

In order to proceed the installer must stop the JBoss serviceWould you like to stop the JBoss service? (yes|no):

Type yes and then press Enter to proceed. The command then performs a number of actionsbefore prompting you to set the password for the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization ManagerReports administrative user (rhev-admin). Note that the reports system maintains its own set ofcredentials.

Please choose a password for the admin user (rhevm-admin):

You will be prompted to enter the password a second time to confirm it.

Result:Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Reports have been installed successfully. Access Red HatEnterprise Virtualization Manager Reports at http://demo.redhat.com:8080/rhevm-reports,replacing demo.redhat.com with the fully qualified domain name of the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager. If during Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager installation you selected anon-default HTTP port replace 8080 with the port chosen.

Use the username rhevm-admin and the password you set during reports installation to log in forthe first time. Note that the first time you log into Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Reportsa number of web pages are generated, as a result your initial attempt to login may take some time tocomplete.

Chapter 5.

35

Upgrades between Minor ReleasesUpgrades of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager are released via Red Hat Network. Beforeinstalling an update from the Red Hat Network be sure to read the advisory text associated with it aswell as the most recent version of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization — Release Notes, and theRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization — Technical Notes.

To complete an upgrade a number of actions must be performed including:

• stopping the JBoss service,

• downloading and installing the updated packages,

• backing up and updating the database,

• performing post installation configuration, and

• restarting the JBoss service.

A script is included to perform all of these actions for you in an automated fashion. Active virtualizationhosts are not upgraded by this process and must be updated separately. As a result the virtualmachines running upon them are not affected.

Upgrading the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager requires network connectivity with eitherRed Hat Network or a Red Hat Network Satellite Server installation. You must be logged in as theroot user to initiate the upgrade process.

Before you upgrade your Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager installation ensure you have thelatest version of the installation utilities by running yum update rhevm-setup as the root user.Once this has been done to commence an upgrade of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Managerrun the rhevm-upgrade command, again as the root user. No additional parameters are required.The command will produce output when it has completed each step of the upgrade process.

Be aware that the upgrade process may take some time. Allow time for the upgrade process tocomplete and do not stop it once initiated. Once the upgrade has been completed you will also beinstructed to separately upgrade the data warehouse and reports functionality. These additional stepsare only required if these optional packages are installed.

Note — Upgrading Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisors

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisors can be updated directly or via the Red HatEnterprise Virtualization Manager. For information on upgrading the hypervisor see the Red HatEnterprise Linux — Hypervisor Deployment Guide.

Example 5.1. Upgrade Output

# rhevm-upgrade Checking for updates....Stopping JBoss Service... DONE!Backing Up RHEVM DB... DONE!Updating RHEVM rpm... DONE!Updating RHEVM DB... DONE!Running post install configuration... DONE!

Chapter 5. Upgrades between Minor Releases

36

Starting JBoss... DONE!

Upgrade log available at /var/log/rhevm/rhevm-upgrade_2011_07_27_08_15_10.logDB Backup available at /usr/share/rhevm/db-backups/tmpVCI0WM.sqlTo upgrade the history service or the reporting package, please run yum update rhevm-reports* and then rhevm-dwh-setup and rhevm-reports-setup.

Part III. Installing Virtualization Hosts

Chapter 6.

39

Introduction to Virtualization HostsRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization supports both virtualization hosts which run the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Hypervisor, and those which run Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Both types of virtualizationhost are able to coexist in the same Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization environment.

Prior to installing virtualization hosts you should ensure that:

• all virtualization hosts meet the hardware requirements outlined in Section 2.1.2, “Virtualization HostRequirements”, and

• you have successfully completed installation of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager asoutlined in Chapter 3, Manager Installation .

Additionally you may have chosen to install the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Reports.This is not mandatory and is not required to commence installing virtualization hosts. Once you havecompleted the above tasks you are ready to install virtualization hosts.

• To install Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisors, see Chapter 7, Installing the Red HatEnterprise Virtualization Hypervisor.

• To install Red Hat Enterprise Linux Hosts, see Chapter 8, Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux Hosts.

Important — Attach at Least Two Virtualization Hosts

It is recommended that you install at least two virtualization hosts and attach them to the Red HatEnterprise Virtualization environment. Where you attach only one virtualization host you will beunable to access features such as migration which require redundant hosts..

Chapter 7.

41

Installing the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization HypervisorThis chapter covers installing and integrating Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisors with a RedHat Enterprise Virtualization Manager.

• The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor must be installed on a physical server and cannotbe installed on a virtual machine.

• The installation process will reconfigure the selected storage device and destroy all data. Therefore,ensure that any data to be retained is successfully backed up before proceeding.

• The following method can be used when installing multiple servers. However, ensure that uniquehostnames and IP addresses are used for each hypervisor installation, in order to avoid networkconflicts.

• The following procedure provides installation instructions for using a CD-ROM created using theRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor ISO image available from Red Hat. For alternativeinstallation methods using USB Flash Drive or Network (PXE) Boot, refer to the Red Hat EnterpriseLinux — Hypervisor Deployment Guide available at http://www.redhat.com/docs/.

• Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisors can use Storage Attached Networks (SANs) and othernetwork storage for storing virtualized guest images. However, a local storage device is required forinstalling and booting the hypervisor.

Important — DNS Configuration

The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor must exist in the same DNS domain as the RedHat Enterprise Virtualization Manager.

Note — Automated Installations

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor installations can be automated or conducted withoutinteraction. This type of installation is only recommended for advanced users. Refer to the RedHat Enterprise Virtualization — Hypervisor Deployment Guide for more information.

7.1. Installation MediaThis section covers creating installation media and preparing your systems before installing a Red HatEnterprise Virtualization Hypervisor.

This section covers installing Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisors on a local storage device.This storage device is a removable USB storage device, an internal hard disk drive or solid statedrive. Once the hypervisor is installed, the system will boot the hypervisor and all configuration data ispreserved on the system.

http://www.redhat.com/docs/

Chapter 7. Installing the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor

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7.1.1. Preparation InstructionsThe rhev-hypervisor package is needed for installation of hypervisors. The rhev-hypervisor packagecontains the hypervisor CD-ROM image. The following procedure installs the rhev-hypervisorpackage.

Releases of Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor are distributed using the Red HatEnterprise Virtualization Hypervisor (v.6 x86_64) channel, also referred to by theidentifier rhel-x86_64-server-6-rhevh in Red Hat Network.

Downloading and Installing the RPM PackageThe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor channel contains additional tools for USB and PXEinstallations in the rhev-hypervisor-tools package, which is a dependency for the rhev-hypervisor.

Note

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.2 and later allows more than one version of the hypervisor ISOimage to be installed at one time. As such, rhev-hypervisor.iso is now a symbolic linkto a uniquely-named version of the hypervisor ISO image, such as /usr/share/rhev-hypervisor/rhevh-6.2-20111006.0.el6.iso. Different versions of the hypervisor ISOcan be installed alongside each other, allowing administrators to run and maintain a cluster on aprevious version of the hypervisor while upgrading another cluster for testing.

1. Log on to Red Hat Network (http://rhn.redhat.com).

2. Click Systems at the top of the page.

3. Select the system to which you are adding channels from the list presented on the screen, byclicking the name of the system.

4. Click Alter Channel Subscriptions in the Subscribed Channels section of the screen.

5. Select the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor (v.6 x86_64) channelfrom the list presented on the screen, then click the Change Subscription button to finalize thechange.

6. Log in to the system on which the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager is installed. Youmust log in as the root user.

7. Use yum to install the rhev-hypervisor and rhev-hypervisor-tools packages.

# yum install "rhev-hypervisor*"

Result:The hypervisor ISO image is installed into the /usr/share/rhev-hypervisor/ directory. Thesymbolic link /usr/share/rhev-hypervisor/rhev-hypervisor.iso is updated to point to theISO image.

The rhevh-iso-to-disk and rhevh-iso-to-pxeboot scripts are installed to the /usr/bindirectory.


Preparation Instructions

43

BIOS Settings and Boot Process TroubleshootingBefore installing Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisors it is necessary to verify the BIOS iscorrectly configured for the chosen installation method. Many motherboard and PC manufacturersdisable different booting methods in the BIOS. Most BIOS chips boot from the following devices inorder:

1. 3.5 inch diskette

2. CD-ROM or DVD device

3. Local hard disk

Many BIOS chips have disabled one or more of the following boot methods: USB storage devices, CD-ROMs, DVDs or network boot. To boot from your chosen method, enable the method or device and setthat device as the first boot device in BIOS.

Most but not all motherboards support the boot methods described in this chapter. Consult thedocumentation for your motherboard or system to determine whether it is possible to use a particularboot method.

Warning — BIOS Settings Vary Between Manufacturers

BIOS settings vary between manufacturers. Any specific examples of BIOS settings may beinaccurate for some systems. Due to this inconsistency, it is necessary to review the motherboardor system manufacturer's documentation.

Confirm Hardware Virtualization SupportVerify that your system is capable of running the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor.Hypervisors require that virtualization extensions are present and enabled in the BIOS beforeinstallation proceeds.

1. Boot the hypervisor from removable media. For example, a USB stick or CD-ROM.

2. When the message Automatic boot in 30 seconds... is displayed, and begins countingdown from thirty, press any key to skip the automatic boot process.

3. Ensure the Install or Upgrade option is selected and press Tab to edit the boot parameters.

4. Add the rescue parameter to the list of boot parameters shown on the screen, then pressEnter. This action will boot the hypervisor in rescue mode.

5. Once the hypervisor boots, verify your CPU contains the virtualization extensions with thefollowing command:

# grep -E 'svm|vmx' /proc/cpuinfo

Output displays if the processor has the hardware virtualization extensions.

6. Verify that the KVM modules load by default:

# lsmod | grep kvm


44

Result:If the output includes kvm_intel or kvm_amd then the kvm hardware virtualization modules areloaded and the system meets the requirements. If the output does not include the required modulesthen you must check that your hardware supports the virtualization extensions and that they areenabled in the system's BIOS.

7.1.2. Preparing a Hypervisor USB Storage DeviceThe hypervisor is able to install itself onto USB storage devices or solid state disks. However, theinitial boot/install USB device must be a separate device from the installation target. Network bootingwith PXE and tftp provides the greatest flexibility and scalability. For environments where networkrestrictions prevent network booting, or for systems without PXE capable network interface cards, alocal media installation such as CD-ROM or USB is necessary. Booting from USB storage devices is auseful alternative to booting from CD, for systems without CD-ROM drives.

Note — USB Boot Support

Not all systems support booting from a USB storage device. Ensure that your system's BIOSsupports booting from USB storage devices before proceeding.

7.1.2.1. Making a USB Storage Device into a Hypervisor Boot DeviceThis section covers making USB storage devices which are able to be used to boot hypervisors.

7.1.2.1.1. Using rhevh-iso-to-disk to Create USB Install MediaThe rhevh-iso-to-disk command will install a hypervisor onto a USB storage device. Therhevh-iso-to-disk command is part of the rhev-hypervisor package. Devices created with thiscommand are able to boot the hypervisors on systems which support booting via USB.

The basic rhevh-iso-to-disk command usage follows this structure:

# rhevh-iso-to-disk image device

Where the device parameter is the partition name of the USB storage device to install to. The imageparameter is a ISO image of the hypervisor. The default hypervisor image location is /usr/share/rhev-hypervisor/rhev-hypervisor.iso. The rhevh-iso-to-disk command requiresdevices to be formatted with the FAT or EXT3 file system.

Note — Partitions and rhevh-iso-to-disk

rhevh-iso-to-disk uses a FAT or EXT3 formatted partition or block device.

USB storage devices are sometimes formatted without a partition table, use /dev/sdb or similardevice name.

When a USB storage device is formatted with a partition table, use /dev/sdb1 or similar devicename.

Preparing a Hypervisor USB Storage Device

45

1. Install the rhev-hypervisor package. Refer to Downloading and Installing the RPM Package

2. Use the rhevh-iso-to-disk command to copy the .iso file to the disk. The --formatparameter formats the disk. The --reset-mbr initializes the Master Boot Record (MBR). Theexample uses a USB storage device named /dev/sdc.

Example 7.1. Use of rhevh-iso-to-disk

# rhevh-iso-to-disk --format --reset-mbr /usr/share/rhev-hypervisor/rhev-hypervisor.iso /dev/sdcVerifying image.../usr/share/rhev-hypervisor/rhev-hypervisor.iso: eccc12a0530b9f22e5ba62b848922309Fragment sums: 8688f5473e9c176a73f7a37499358557e6c397c9ce2dafb5eca5498fb586Fragment count: 20Checking: 100.0%

The media check is complete, the result is: PASS.

It is OK to use this media.Copying live image to USB stickUpdating boot config fileInstalling boot loadersyslinux: only 512-byte sectors are supportedUSB stick set up as live image!

Result:The USB storage device (/dev/sdc) is ready to be used to boot a system and install the hypervisoron it.

7.1.2.1.2. Using dd to Create USB Install MediaThe dd command can also be used to install a hypervisor onto a USB storage device. Media createdwith the command can boot the hypervisor on systems which support booting via USB. Red HatEnterprise Linux provides dd as part of the coreutils package. Versions of dd are also available on awide variety of Linux and Unix operating systems.

Windows users are able to obtain the dd command through installation of Red Hat Cygwin, a freeLinux-like environment for Windows. Refer to Procedure 7.2, “Using dd to Create USB Install Media onSystems Running Windows” for instruction on the installation and use of Red Hat Cygwin to install thehypervisor to a USB storage device.

The basic dd command usage follows this structure:

# dd if=image of=device

Where the device parameter is the device name of the USB storage device to install to. The imageparameter is a ISO image of the hypervisor. The default hypervisor image location is /usr/share/rhev-hypervisor/rhev-hypervisor.iso. The dd command does not make assumptions as tothe format of the device as it performs a low-level copy of the raw data in the selected image.

Procedure 7.1. Using dd to Create USB Install Media1. Install the rhev-hypervisor package. Refer to Downloading and Installing the RPM Package

2. Use the dd command to copy the .iso file to the disk. The example uses a USB storage devicenamed /dev/sdc.


46

Example 7.2. Use of dd

# dd if=/usr/share/rhev-hypervisor/rhev-hypervisor.iso of=/dev/sdc243712+0 records in243712+0 records out124780544 bytes (125 MB) copied, 56.3009 s, 2.2 MB/s

Warning — All Data on the Device Specified Will be Overwritten

The dd command will overwrite all data on the device specified for the of parameter. Anyexisting data on the device will be destroyed. Ensure that the correct device is specified andthat it contains no valuable data before invocation of the dd command.

Result:The USB storage device (/dev/sdc) is ready to boot a hypervisor.

Procedure 7.2. Using dd to Create USB Install Media on Systems Running Windows1. Access http://www.redhat.com/services/custom/cygwin/ and click the Red Hat Cygwin official

installation utility link. The rhsetup.exe executable will download.

2. As the Administrator user run the downloaded rhsetup.exe executable. The Red HatCygwin installer will display.

3. Follow the prompts to complete a standard installation of Red Hat Cygwin. The Coreutilspackage within the Base package group provides the dd utility. This is automatically selected forinstallation.

4. Copy the rhev-hypervisor.iso file downloaded from Red Hat Network to C:\rhev-hypervisor.iso.

5. As the Administrator user run Red Hat Cygwin from the desktop. A terminal window willappear.

Important — Run Red Hat Cygwin as Administrator

On the Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 platforms it is necessary to right clickthe Red Hat Cygwin icon and select the Run as Administrator... option to ensure theapplication runs with the correct permissions.

6. In the terminal run cat /proc/partitions to see the drives and partitions currently visible tothe system.

http://www.redhat.com/services/custom/cygwin/

Preparing a Hypervisor USB Storage Device

47

Example 7.3. View of Disk Partitions Attached to System

Administrator@test /$ cat /proc/partitionsmajor minor #blocks name 8 0 15728640 sda 8 1 102400 sda1 8 2 15624192 sda2

7. Plug the USB storage device which is to be used as the media for the hypervisor installation intothe system. Re-run the cat /proc/partitions command and compare the output to that ofthe previous run. A new entry will appear which designates the USB storage device.

Example 7.4. View of Disk Partitions Attached to System

Administrator@test /$ cat /proc/partitionsmajor minor #blocks name 8 0 15728640 sda 8 1 102400 sda1 8 2 15624192 sda2 8 16 524288 sdb

8. Use the dd command to copy the rhev-hypervisor.iso file to the disk. The example uses aUSB storage device named /dev/sdb. Replace sdb with the correct device name for the USBstorage device to be used.

Example 7.5. Use of dd Command Under Red Hat Cygwin

Administrator@test /$ dd if=/cygdrive/c/rhev-hypervisor.iso of=/dev/sdb& pid=$!

The provided command starts the transfer in the background and saves the process identifier sothat it can be used to monitor the progress of the transfer. Refer to the next step for the commandused to check the progress of the transfer.

Warning — All Data on the Device Specified will be Overwritten

The dd command will overwrite all data on the device specified for the of parameter. Anyexisting data on the device will be destroyed. Ensure that the correct device is specified andthat it contains no valuable data before invocation of the dd command.

9. Transfer of the ISO file to the USB storage device with the version of dd included with Red HatCygwin can take significantly longer than the equivalent on other platforms.


48

To check the progress of the transfer in the same terminal window that the process was startedin send it the USR1 signal. This can be achieved by issuing the kill in the terminal window asfollows:

kill -USR1 $pid

10. When the transfer operation completes the final record counts will be displayed.

Example 7.6. Result of dd Initiated Copy

210944+0 records in210944+0 records out108003328 bytes (108 MB) copied, 2035.82 s, 53.1 kB/s

[1]+ Done dd if=/cygdrive/c/rhev-hypervisor.iso of=/dev/sdb

Result:The USB storage device (/dev/sdb) is ready to boot a hypervisor.

7.1.2.2. Booting a Hypervisor USB Storage DeviceBooting a hypervisor from a USB storage device is similar to booting other live USB operatingsystems. To boot from a USB storage device:

1. Enter the system's BIOS menu to enable USB storage device booting if not already enabled.

a. Enable USB booting if this feature is disabled.

b. Set booting USB storage devices to be first boot device.

c. Shut down the system.

2. Insert the USB storage device that contains the hypervisor boot image.

3. Restart the system.

Result:The hypervisor will boot automatically.

If the hypervisor is running, you must now initialize the local storage device. Refer to Section 7.2.1.1,“Booting from the Installation Media” for details.

7.1.3. Preparing a Hypervisor from a CD-ROM or DVDIt is possible to install the hypervisor with a CD-ROM or DVD.

7.1.3.1. Making a Hypervisor CD-ROM Boot DiskBurn the hypervisor image to a CD-ROM with the cdrecord command. The cdrecord command ispart of the cdrecord package which is installed on Red Hat Enterprise Linux by default.

1. Verify that the cdrecord package is installed on the system.

Installation

49

Example 7.7. Verify Installation of cdrecord Package

# rpm -q cdrecordcdrecord-2.01-10.7.el5

If the package version is in the output the package is available.

If it is not listed, install cdrecord:

# yum install cdrecord

2. Insert a blank CD-ROM or DVD into your CD or DVD writer.

3. Record the ISO file to the disc. The cdrecord command uses the following:

cdrecord dev=device /iso/file/path/

This example uses the first CD-RW (/dev/cdrw) device available and the default hypervisorimage location, /usr/share/rhev-hypervisor/rhev-hypervisor.iso.

Example 7.8. Use of cdrecord Command

# cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrw /usr/share/rhev-hypervisor/rhev-hypervisor.iso

Result:If no errors occurred, the hypervisor is ready to boot. Errors sometimes occur during the recordingprocess due to errors on the media itself. If this occurs insert another writable disk and repeat thecommand above.

The hypervisor uses a program (isomd5sum) to verify the integrity of the installation media every timethe hypervisor is booted. If media errors are reported in the boot sequence you have a bad CD-ROM.Follow the procedure above to create a new CD-ROM or DVD.

7.1.3.2. Booting a Hypervisor CD-ROMFor many systems, the default BIOS configuration boots from CD-ROM first. If booting from CD-ROMis disabled or is not the first boot device refer to BIOS Settings and Boot Process Troubleshooting andyour manufacturers manuals for more information.

To boot from CD-ROM insert the hypervisor CD-ROM and then restart the computer.

The hypervisor will start to boot. If the hypervisor does not start to boot your BIOS may not beconfigured to boot from CD-ROM first or booting from CD-ROM may be disabled.

If the hypervisor is running, you must now initialize the local storage device. Refer to Section 7.2.1.1,“Booting from the Installation Media” for details.

7.2. InstallationThis chapter documents the installation of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization hypervisor. RedHat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisors are able to use Storage Area Networks (SANs) and other


50

network storage for storing virtualized guest images. Hypervisors can be installed on SANs, providedthat the Host Bus Adapter (HBA) permits configuration as a boot device in BIOS.

Hypervisors are able to use multipath devices for installation. Multipath is often used for SANs or othernetworked storage. Multipath is enabled by default at install time. Any block device which responds toscsi_id functions with multipath. Devices where this is not the case include USB storage and someolder ATA disks.

There are two methods for installing Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisors:

• Interactive Installation (see Section 7.2.1, “Interactive Installation”).

• Automated Installation with Kernel Parameters (see the Red Hat Enterprise Linux — HypervisorDeployment Guide).

7.2.1. Interactive InstallationRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisors must be installed on physical servers, not virtualmachines.

The instructions in this section cover installation on a single system. When deploying on multiplesystems always remember to use unique hostnames and IP addresses to avoid networking conflicts.

7.2.1.1. Booting from the Installation MediaThere are several methods for booting hypervisors, refer to Section 7.1, “Installation Media” fordetailed instructions on preparing boot media for Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisorinstallation.

Procedure 7.3. Booting from the Installation Media1. Insert the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor installation media.

2. Power on the system and ensure the system boots from the installation media.

Interactive Installation

51

3. The boot splash screen appears. If no input is provided, the hypervisor installation will commencein 30 seconds, using default kernel parameters.

Figure 7.1. Boot Splash Screen


52

4. To modify the boot options, press any key. The boot menu will display.

Figure 7.2. Boot Menu Screen

The following boot options are available:

• BootBoot the hypervisor installer.

• Boot with Serial ConsoleBoot the hypervisor installer, with the console redirected to a serial device attached to /dev/ttyS0.

• Boot from Local DriveBoot the operating system installed on the first local drive.

Select the appropriate boot option from the boot menu.


53

5. Where required additional kernel parameters should be appended to the default parametersdisplayed. A press of the Enter key boots the hypervisor installation with the default kernelparameters. Alternatively press the Tab key to edit kernel parameters for the selected boot option.

Figure 7.3. Boot Parameter Screen

Result:The hypervisor boots with the provided boot options.


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Important — Kernel Parameters

In edit mode you are able to add or remove kernel parameters from the list. Kernel parametersmust be separated from each other by a space. Once the desired kernel parameters have beenset press Enter to boot the system. Alternatively pressing Esc reverts any changes that youhave made to the kernel parameters.

For more information on the kernel parameters, see the Red Hat Enterprise Linux — HypervisorDeployment Guide.

Note — Upgrading Existing Hypervisors

To upgrade an existing hypervisor installation, the kernel must be booted with the upgradeparameter. This will automatically upgrade and reboot the system, rather than displaying theinteractive configuration menu. For more information, see the Red Hat Enterprise Linux —Hypervisor Deployment Guide.

7.2.1.2. Installation ProcedureWhen the hypervisor is first booted the interactive installation script starts. This script facilitatesinstallation of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor using graphical prompts. The followingkeys are be used to manipulate the screens which support hypervisor installation.

Menu Actions• The directional keys (Up, Down, Left, Right) are used to select different controls on the screen.

Alternatively the Tab key cycles through the controls on the screen which are enabled.

• Text fields are represented by a series of underscores (_). To enter data in a text field select it andbegin entering data.

• Buttons are represented by labels which are enclosed within a pair of angle brackets (< and >). Toactivate a button ensure it is selected and press Enter or Space.

• Boolean options are represented by an asterisk (*) or a space character enclosed within a pairof square brackets ([ and ]). When the value contained within the brackets is an asterisk thenthe option is set, otherwise it is not. To toggle a Boolean option on or off press Space while it isselected.

Procedure 7.4. Hypervisor Installation1. To commence Hypervisor installation select Install Hypervisor and press Enter.

2. Disk ConfigurationThe installation script automatically detects all disks attached to the system. This information isused to assist with selection of the boot and installation disks that the hypervisor should use. Eachentry displayed on these screens indicates the Location, Device Name, and Size (GB) of therelevant disk.


55

a. Boot diskThe first disk selection screen is used to select the disk from which the hypervisor willboot. The hypervisor's boot loader will be installed to the Master Boot Record (MBR) of thedisk that is selected on this screen. The hypervisor attempts to automatically detect thedisks attached to the system and presents the list from which you choose the boot device.Alternatively you are able to manually select a device, by specifying a block device name, byenabling the Other Device option.

Important — Boot Order

The disk selected must be identified as a boot device and appear in the boot order eitherin the system's BIOS or in a pre-existing boot loader.

Automatically Detected Device Selectioni. Select the entry for the disk the hypervisor is to boot from in the list.

ii. Select the <Continue> button and press Enter. This action will save the bootdevice selection and start the next step of installation.

Manual Device Selectioni. Select the Other Device entry from the list.

ii. Select the <Continue> button and press Enter.

iii. When prompted to Please enter the disk to use for booting RHEV Hypervisorenter the name of the block device from which the hypervisor should boot.

Example 7.9. Other Device Selection

Please enter the disk to use for booting RHEV Hypervisor/dev/sda

iv. Select the <Continue> button and press Enter. This action will save the bootdevice selection and start the next step of installation.

Once a disk has been selected it is necessary to select the <Continue> button and pressEnter to save the selection and continue with hypervisor installation.

b. Installation Disk(s)The disk(s) selected for installation will be those to which the hypervisor itself is installed. Thehypervisor attempts to automatically detect the disks attached to the system and presents thelist from which installation devices are chosen.

Warning — Data Loss

All data on the selected storage device(s) will be destroyed.


56

i. Select each disk which the hypervisor is to use for installation and press Space to toggleit to enabled. Repeat this step for all disks you want the hypervisor to use. Where otherdevices are to be used for installation, either solely or in addition to those which arelisted automatically, enable the Other Device option.

ii. Select the <Continue> button and press Enter to continue.

iii. Where the Other Device option was specified a further prompt will appear. Enter thename of each additional block device to use for hypervisor installation separated by acomma. Once all required disks have been selected then select the <Continue> buttonand press Enter.

Example 7.10. Other Device Selection

Please select the disk(s) to use for installation of RHEV HypervisorEnter multiple entries separated by commas/dev/mmcblk0,/dev/mmcblk1______________

Once the installation disk, or disks, have been selected the next stage of the installationstarts.

3. PasswordThe hypervisor requires that a password be set to protect local console access by the adminuser. The installation script prompts you to enter the desired password in both the Password andConfirm Password fields.

A strong password must be used. Strong passwords consist of a mix of uppercase, lowercase,numeric, and punctuation characters. They are six or more characters long and do not containdictionary words.

Once a strong password has been entered select <Install> and press Enter to install thehypervisor to disk.

Result:Once installation is complete the message RHEV Hypervisor Installation FinishedSuccessfully will be displayed. Select the <Restart> button and press Enter to reboot the system.

Further post installation configuration is required to connect the hypervisor to the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager. See Section 7.3, “Configuration” for further details.

Note — Remove Boot Media

The boot media should be removed and the boot device order changed to prevent the installationsequence restarting after the system reboots.

7.3. Configuration

7.3.1. Logging InThe hypervisor allows local console logins to facilitate post-installation configuration. The login promptused is displayed once the hypervisor has booted:

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Please login as 'admin' to configure the nodelocalhost login:

Type admin at the prompt and press Enter. When prompted enter the password which was setduring the installation process and press Enter again to log in.

The hypervisor configuration menu will then be displayed. The menu facilitates interactiveconfiguration of the hypervisor. Throughout the remainder of this chapter it will be referred to as themain menu. The main menu provides access to multiple screens which report on the status andconfiguration of the hypervisor. They also provide the ability to change the hypervisor configuration.

The configuration interface is similar to that of the installation script. The same keys are used tonavigate the menu and associated screens. Refer to Menu Actions to review the list of possibleactions.

7.3.2. StatusThe status screen displays a brief overview of the current state of the hypervisor. The informationdisplayed consists of:

• the hostname,

• the current status of the network connection,

• the destination(s) of logs and reports, and

• the number of active virtual machines.

The status screen also provides a number of buttons to change the state of the hypervisor. They are:

• <Lock>: Locks the hypervisor. The username and password must be entered to unlock thehypervisor.

• <Restart>: Restarts the hypervisor.

• <Power Off>: Turns the hypervisor off.

7.3.3. NetworkThe Network screen is used to configure:

• the hypervisor's hostname,

• the DNS server(s) to use,

• the NTP server(s) to use, and

• the network interface to use.

Procedure 7.5. Hostname Configuration1. To set or change the hostname select the Hostname field and enter the new hostname.

2. Select <Apply>, and press Enter to save changes to the hostname.

Result:The hostname is updated.


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Procedure 7.6. DNS ConfigurationThe hypervisor supports the specification of one or more Domain Name System (DNS) servers to usewhen resolving host and domain names.

1. To set or change the primary DNS server select the DNS Server 1 field and enter the IP addressof the new primary DNS server to use.

2. To set or change the secondary DNS server select the DNS Server 2 field and enter the IPaddress of the new secondary DNS server to use.

3. Select <Apply>, and press Enter to save changes to the DNS configuration.

Result:The primary and secondary DNS servers queried by the hypervisor are updated.

Procedure 7.7. NTP ConfigurationThe hypervisor supports the specification of one or more Network Time Protocol (NTP) serverswith which the hypervisor should synchronize the system clock. It is important that the hypervisoris synchronized with the same time source as the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager. Thisensures accurate time keeping across the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization environment.

1. To set or change the primary NTP server select the NTP Server 1 field and enter the IP addressor hostname of the new primary NTP server to use.

2. To set or change the secondary NTP server select the NTP Server 2 field and enter the IPaddress or hostname of the new secondary NTP server to use.

3. Select <Apply>, and press Enter to save changes to the NTP configuration.

Result:The primary and secondary NTP servers queried by the hypervisor are updated.

Procedure 7.8. Network Interface ConfigurationFor each network interface detected the hypervisor will display the:• Device,

• Status,

• Model, and

• MAC Address.

At least one network interface must be configured before the hypervisor is able to connect with theRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager.

1. Device IdentificationSelect the network interface to be configured from the list and press Enter.

In some cases it may be unclear which physical device an entry in the list refers to. Where thisis the case the hypervisor is able to blink the physical device's network traffic lights to assist withidentification. To make use of this facility select the entry from the list and, then select the <FlashLights to Identify> button. Press Enter and, take note of which physical device's lights startblinking. The configuration screen for the selected device will be displayed.

2. IPv4 SettingsThe hypervisor supports both dynamic (DHCP), and static IPv4 network configuration.

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Dynamic (DHCP) Network ConfigurationDynamic network configuration allows the hypervisor to be dynamically assigned an IPaddress via DHCP. To enable dynamic IPv4 network configuration select the DHCP optionunder IPv4 Settings and press Space to toggle it to enabled.

Static Network ConfigurationStatic network configuration allows the hypervisor to be manually assigned an IP address.To enable static IPv4 network configuration select the Static option under IPv4 Settings andpress Space to toggle it to enabled.

Selection of the Static option enables the IP Address, Netmask, and Gateway fields. TheIP Address, Netmask, and Gateway fields must be populated to complete static networkconfiguration.

In particular it is necessary that:• the IP Address is not already in use on the network,

• the Netmask matches that used by other machines on the network, and

• the Gateway matches that used by other machines on the network.

Where it is not clear what value should be used for the IP Address, Netmask, or Gatewayfield consult the network's administrator or consider a dynamic configuration.

Example 7.11. Static IPv4 Networking Configuration

IPv4 Settings[ ] Disabled [ ] DHCP [*] StaticIP Address: 192.168.122.100_ Netmask: 255.255.255.0___Gateway 192.168.1.1_____

3. IPv6 SettingsThe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager does not currently support IPv6 networking. IPv6networking must remain set to Disabled.

4. VLAN ConfigurationIf VLAN support is required then populate the VLAN ID field with the VLAN identifier for theselected device.

5. Save Network ConfigurationOnce all networking options for the selected device have been set the configuration must besaved.

a. Select the <Apply> button and press Enter to save the network configuration.

b. The Confirm Network Settings dialog box will appear. Ensure that the Ok button is selectedand press Enter to confirm.

Result:The Network screen is displayed. The device is listed as Configured.


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7.3.4. SecurityThe Security screen is used to change the admin password for both local and remote access. SSHpassword authentication is also enabled or disabled via this screen.

Procedure 7.9. Change Security Configuration1. Enable SSH Password Authentication

To enable SSH password authentication for remote access select the Enable ssh passwordauthentication option and press Space to toggle it to enabled.

2. Change admin Passworda. Enter the desired admin password in the Password field. You should use a strong password.

Strong passwords contain a mix of uppercase, lowercase, numeric and punctuationcharacters. They are six or more characters long and do not contain dictionary words.

b. Enter the desired admin password in the Confirm Password field. Ensure that the valueentered in the Confirm Password field matches the value entered in the Password fieldexactly. Where this is not the case an error message will be displayed to indicate that the twovalues are different.

3. Select <Apply> and press Enter to save the security configuration.

Result:The security configuration has been updated.

7.3.5. LoggingThe hypervisor creates and updates a number of log files. The Logging screen allows configuration ofa daemon to automatically export these log files to a remote server.

Procedure 7.10. Change Logging Configuration1. Logrotate Configuration

The logrotate utility simplifies the administration of log files. The hypervisor uses logrotate torotate logs when they reach a certain file size.

Log rotation involves renaming the current log(s) and starting new ones in their place. TheLogrotate Max Log Size value set on the Logging screen is used to determine when a logshould be rotated.

Enter the Logrotate Max Log Size in kilobytes. The default maximum log size is 1024 kilobytes.

2. Rsyslog ConfigurationThe rsyslog utility is a multithreaded syslog daemon. The hypervisor is able to use rsyslog totransmit log files over the network to a remote syslog daemon. For information on setting up theremote syslog daemon consult the Red Hat Enterprise Linux — Deployment Guide.

a. Enter the remote Rsyslog server address in the Server Address field.

b. Enter the remote Rsyslog server port in the Server Port field. The default port is 514.

3. netconsole ConfigurationThe netconsole module allows kernel messages to be sent to a remote machine. The hypervisoruses netconsole to transmit kernel messages over the network.

a. Enter the Server Address.

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b. Enter the Server Port. The default port is 6666.

4. Save ConfigurationTo save the logging configuration select <Apply> and press Enter.

Result:The logging configuration has been updated and logs will be exported to the remote Rsyslog serverspecified.

7.3.6. Kernel DumpRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization hypervisor hosts generate a kernel dump (a kdump file) in the eventof a system failure. These kdump files are essential for debugging and support.

The hypervisor supports the export of kernel dumps by kdump using NFS or SSH so that they may beanalyzed at a later date. The Kernel Dump screen provides for configuration of this facility.

Procedure 7.11. kdump Configuration1. Kernel Configuration

Crash dumps generated by kdump are exported over NFS or SSH. Select the desired transfermethod and press Space to enable it.

For the export method chosen a location to which the kdump files should be exported must alsobe specified.

a. NFS locationSet the NFS location to which crash logs should be exported in the NFS Location field. TheNFS Location should be the full NFS path which includes fully qualified domain name anddirectory path.

Example 7.12. NFS Locationexample.redhat.com:/var/crash

b. SSH locationSet the SSH location to which crash logs should be exported in the SSH Location field. TheSSH Location should be the full SSH login which includes the fully qualified domain nameand username.

Example 7.13. SSH [email protected]

2. Save ConfigurationTo save the configuration the user must select <Apply> and press Enter.

Result:The Kernel Dump configuration has been updated and kernel dumps will be exported to the remoteserver(s) specified.

7.3.7. Remote StorageThe hypervisor supports the use of a remote iSCSI initiator for storage. The iSCSI initiator to use is setfrom the Remote Storage screen.


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Procedure 7.12. Remote Storage Configuration1. iSCSI Initiator Name

Enter the initiator name in the iSCSI Initiator Name field.

Example 7.14. iSCSI Initiator Nameiqn.1994-05.com.redhat:5189835eeb40


Result:The Remote Storage configuration has been updated.

7.3.8. RHEV-MThe hypervisor is able to attach itself to the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager immediatelyif the address of the manager is available. Where the manager has not yet been installed you mustinstead set a password. This allows the hypervisor to be added from the Administration Portal oncethe manager has been installed. Both modes of configuration are supported from the RHEV-M screen.

Important — Security Considerations

Setting a password on the RHEV-M configuration screen sets the hypervisor's root passwordand enables SSH password authentication. Once the hypervisor has successfully been added tothe manager it is recommended SSH password authentication is disabled.

Procedure 7.13. RHEV-M Configuration1. Configuration Using a Management Server Address

a. Enter the IP address or fully qualified domain name of the manager in the ManagementServer field.

b. Enter the management server port in the Management Server Port field. Thedefault value is 8443. Where a different port was selected during Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager installation then it should be specified here, replacing the defaultvalue.

c. Enable the Verify RHEVM Certificate option if you wish to verify that the finger print ofthe certificate retrieved from the management server you specified is correct. The valuethat the certificate finger print should be compared against is returned at the end of RedHat Enterprise Virtualization Manager installation.

d. Leave the Password and Confirm Password fields blank, these fields are not requiredif the address of the management server is known.

Configuration Using a Passworda. Enter a password in the Password field. It is recommended that you use a strong

password. Strong passwords contain a mix of uppercase, lowercase, numeric andpunctuation characters. They are six or more characters long and do not containdictionary words.

b. Re-enter the password in the Confirm Password field.

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c. Leave the Management Server and Management Server Port fields blank. As long asa password is set, allowing the hypervisor to be added to the manager later, these fieldsare not required.

2. Save ConfigurationTo save the configuration select <Apply> and press Enter.

Result:The RHEV-M configuration has been updated.

7.3.9. Red Hat NetworkThe hypervisor is able to retrieve security updates from either the Red Hat Network or a Satelliteserver. Where necessary the hypervisor is also able to connect to the remote updates server via aHTTP proxy.

Procedure 7.14. Register with Red Hat Network1. Authentication

Enter your Red Hat Network username in the Login field.

Enter your Red Hat Network password in the Password field.

2. Profile NameEnter the profile name to be used for the system in the Profile Name field. This is the name thatthe system will appear under when viewed via the Red Hat Network.

3. Update SourceThe hypervisor is able to receive updates either directly from the Red Hat Network or, if available,via a Satellite installation.

To Connect Directly to RHNSelect the RHN option and press Space to toggle it to enabled. The URL and CA values donot need to be provided.

Example 7.15. Red Hat Network Configuration

[*] RHN [ ] SatelliteURL: _____________________________CA : _____________________________

To Connect via Satellitea. Select the Satellite option and press Space to toggle it to enabled.

b. Enter the URL of the Satellite server in the URL field.

c. Enter the URL of the Certificate Authority for the Satellite server in the CA field.

Example 7.16. Satellite Configuration

[ ] RHN [*] SatelliteURL: https://your-satellite.example.comCA : https://your-satellite.example.com/pub/RHN-ORG-TRUSTED-SSL-CERT


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4. HTTP ProxyWhere a HTTP proxy is in use the details to connect to it must be provided. To connect to the RedHat Network or a Satellite server via a proxy you must enter:• the proxy Server's network address,

• the Port to connect to the proxy on, and

• optionally, the Username and Password to use to connect to the proxy.

In environments where a HTTP proxy is not in use it is safe to ignore this step.

Example 7.17. HTTP Proxy Configuration

HTTP ProxyServer: proxy.example.com__ Port: 8080_Username: puser________ Password: ******_______


Result:The Red Hat Network configuration has been updated.

7.4. Using the HypervisorWhere the hypervisor was configured with the address of the Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationManager it reboots and is automatically registered with it. The Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationManager interface displays the hypervisor under the Hosts tab. To prepare the hypervisor for use, itmust be approved using Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager.

Procedure 7.15. Approving a Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor1. Login to the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Administration Portal.

2. From the Hosts tab, click on the host to be approved. The host should currently be listed with thestatus of Pending Approval.

3. Click the Approve button. The Edit and Approve Hosts dialog displays. You can use the dialogto set a name for the host and configure power management, where the host has a supportedpower management card. For information on power management configuration, see the PowerManagement chapter of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization — Administration Guide.

4. Click OK. If you have not configured power management you will be prompted to confirm that youwish to proceed without doing so, click OK.

Result:The status in the Hosts tab changes to Installing, after a brief delay the host status changes to Up.

Where the hypervisor was configured without the address of the Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationManager it needs to be added manually. To add the hypervisor manually you must have both the IPaddress of the machine upon which it was installed and the password that was set on the RHEV-Mscreen during configuration.

Procedure 7.16. Adding a Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor with a Password1. Login to the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Administration Portal.

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2. From the Hosts tab, click New. The New Host dialog displays.

3. Enter the details of the new host.

• Name: a descriptive name for the host.

• Address: the IP address, or resolvable hostname of the host (provided during installation).

• Port: the port used for internal communication control between the hosts. A default port isdisplayed; change the default only if you are sure that another port can be used.

• Host Cluster: the cluster to which the host belongs (select from the drop-down list).

• Root password: the password of the designated host; used during installation of the host.

4. Optionally, configure power management, where the host has a supported power managementcard. For information on power management configuration, see the Power Management chapterof the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization — Administration Guide.

5. Click OK.

Result:The added hypervisor displays in the list of hosts. Once the host is successfully connect its statuschanges to Up.

Chapter 8.

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Installing Red Hat Enterprise LinuxHostsVirtual machines on Red Hat Enterprise Linux can be managed by Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationManager. Red Hat Enterprise Linux hosts can be used concurrently with Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Hypervisors.

Important

Only the AMD64/Intel 64 version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux is compatible for use with Red HatEnterprise Virtualization.

8.1. Adding Red Hat Enterprise Linux HostsRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization also supports hosts running Red Hat Enterprise Linux AMD64/Intel64 version. This section describes the preparatory steps for installing the Red Hat Enterprise Linuxhost, as well as the steps to manually add the host to the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization platform.

Adding a host can take some time, as the following steps are completed by the platform: virtualizationchecks, installation of packages, creation of bridge and a reboot of the host. Use the Details pane tomonitor the hand-shake process as the host and management system establish a connection.

The following table shows which versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux are supported as hosts for eachversion of Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization.

Red Hat EnterpriseLinux Version

Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization 2.2clusters

Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization 3.0clusters

Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization 3.0clusters in 2.2compatibility mode

5.6 Supported Unsupported Supported

6.0 Unsupported Supported Supported

8.1.1. Preparing Red Hat Enterprise Linux HostsTo ensure a smooth and successful integration of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Hosts and Red HatEnterprise Virtualization platform, prepare the host carefully according to the instructions in thissection.

Procedure 8.1. Directions:1. Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux

Ensure that Red Hat Enterprise Linux is correctly installed and configured on the physical host.Refer to the Red Hat Enterprise Linux Installation Guide for more information. Only the Basepackage group is required. All other packages can be removed or not selected.

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Warning — DNS Configuration

The Red Hat Enterprise Linux host must have a fully resolvable network address. Validforward and reverse lookups for the address must be available in DNS. Virtual machinemigration will not work in environments where this is not the case.

Important — Authentication Files Required by useradd Must beAccessible

If you are using proprietary directory services or standard directory services with no accessto authentication files for user management, the vdsm package will fail to create therequired system user . The authentication files required by the useradd command must beaccessible to the installer. Red Hat Directory Server (RHDS) recommends a security policywith a mixture of local files and LDAP. Following this recommendation will resolve this issue.

2. Configure VLANsIf you are using VLAN, ensure that VLANs are configured for access to the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager.

3. Check Red Hat Network SubscriptionsEnsure the host is correctly subscribed to the Red Hat Enterprise Virt ManagementAgent (v 6 x86_64) channel in Red Hat Network, also referred to as rhel-x86_64-rhev-mgmt-agent-6, on Red Hat Network. If you do not have the appropriate subscriptionentitlements, contact Red Hat Customer Service.

a. If the machine has not already been registered with Red Hat Network, run therhn_register command as root to register it. To complete registration successfully youwill need to supply your Red Hat Network username and password. Follow the onscreenprompts to complete registration of the system.

# rhn_register

b. You must now add a subscription to the Red Hat Enterprise Virt ManagementAgent (v 6 x86_64) channel to the machine. To add the channel subscription to thesystem from the Red Hat Network web interface:

1. Log on to Red Hat Network (http://rhn.redhat.com).

2. Click Systems at the top of the page.

3. Select the system to which you are adding channels from the list presented on thescreen, by clicking the name of the system.

4. Click Alter Channel Subscriptions in the Subscribed Channels section of the screen.


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5. Select the Red Hat Enterprise Virt Management Agent (v 6 x86_64)channel from the list presented on the screen, then click the Change Subscriptionbutton to finalize the change.

4. Edit hosts fileAdd a manual host entry to the /etc/hosts file (on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux host) for theRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager server to enable vdsm and other services to connectproperly to the host.

Because Active Directory uses layered domain names, the Active Directory instance takes thedomain name usually used by a Linux host. For example, if the server running the Red HatEnterprise Virtualization Manager has a hostname of server1.example.com, Active Directoryuses that address and creates a sub-address named rhev-manager.server1.example.com.

Edit the /etc/hosts file on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux Host. The following screen outputsample resembles the contents of the file:

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

Append a new line to /etc/hosts with the IP address and both variants of the Red HatEnterprise Virtualization Manager domain names. The following screen output sample resemblesthe required contents of the file:

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost610.0.0.1 server1.example.com rhev-manager.server1.example.com

5. Open firewall portsRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization platform uses a number of network ports for management andother virtualization features.

The following steps configure iptables to open the required ports. These steps replace anyexisting firewall configuration with that required for Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager.If you have existing firewall rules with which this configuration must be merged then youmust manually edit the rules defined in the iptables configuration file, /etc/sysconfig/iptables.

a. Remove and existing firewall rules.

# iptables --flush

b. Add the ports required by Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager to the iptables rules.

# iptables --append INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT# iptables --append INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT# iptables --append INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT# iptables --append INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT# iptables --append INPUT -p tcp --dport 16514 -j ACCEPT# iptables --append INPUT -p tcp --dport 54321 -j ACCEPT# iptables --append INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dports 5634:6166 -j ACCEPT# iptables --append INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dports 49152:49216 -j ACCEPT


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# iptables --append INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited# iptables --append FORWARD -m physdev ! --physdev-is-bridged -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Note

The provided iptables commands add firewall rules to accept network traffic on anumber of ports. These include:

• port 22 for SSH,

• ports 5634 to 6166 for guest console connections,

• port 16514 for libvirt virtual machine migration traffic,

• ports 49152 to 49216 for VDSM virtual machine migration traffic, and

• port 54321 for the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager.

c. Save the modified rules.

# service iptables save

d. Ensure that the iptables service is configured to start on boot and has been restarted, orstarted for the first time if it wasn't already running.

# chkconfig iptables on# service iptables restart

6. Configure sudo accessThe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager makes use of sudo to perform operations asroot on the host. The default configuration stored in /etc/sudoers contains values to allowthis. If this file has been modified since Red Had Enterprise Linux installation these values mayhave been removed. As root run visudo to ensure that the /etc/sudoers contains the defaultconfiguration values. Where it does not they must be added.

# Allow root to run any commands anywhere root ALL=(ALL) ALL

7. Enable SSH access for rootThe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization management daemon accesses host machines via SSH.To do this it logs in as root with an encrypted key for authentication. To ensure that SSH isconfigured and root is able to use it to access the system follow these additional steps.

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Warning

The first time the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager is connected to the host it willinstall an authentication key. In the process it will overwrite any existing keys which exist in /root/.ssh/authorized_keys.

a. These steps assume that the openssh-server package is installed on the system. Where thepackage is not present use yum to install it.

# yum install openssh-server

b. Use chkconfig to verify which run-levels SSH is enabled at.

# chkconfig --list sshdsshd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

It is expected that the SSH daemon shows as on for run-levels 3, 4, and 5. This is the defaultconfiguration.

If the configuration on the host differs use chkconfig to enable it for the required run-levels.The /etc/init.d/sshd script can then be used to ensure the service is currently started.

# chkconfig --level 345 sshd on# /etc/init.d/sshd start

To verify this operation as successful run chkconfig --list sshd again and check theoutput. It should now show the daemon as on at run-level 3, 4, and 5.

c. In Red Hat Enterprise Linux the default SSH daemon configuration allows remote login bythe root user. This is also a requirement for the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Managerto successfully access the machine. In some cases administrator's may have disabled thisability.

To check whether or not this is the case search the /etc/ssh/sshd_config for the valuePermitRootLogin. This must be done while logged in as root.

# grep PermitRootLogin /etc/ssh/sshd_configPermitRootLogin no

Where PermitRootLogin is set to no the value must be changed to yes. To do this edit theconfiguration file.

# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Once the updated configuration file has been saved the SSH daemon must be told to reloadit.


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# /etc/init.d/sshd reloadReloading sshd: [ OK ]

The root user should now be able to access the system via SSH.

Result:You can now add the correctly installed and configured Red Hat Enterprise Linux host to the Red HatEnterprise Virtualization platform.

8.1.2. To Add a HostIn the process of adding a host, you will need to provide the IP and password of the host. Themanager then logs into the host to performs virtualization checks, install packages, create a networkbridge and reboot the host. The process of adding a new host can take some time, the state of theprocess can be followed in the Details pane.

1. Click the Hosts tab. The Hosts tab displays a list of all hosts in the system.

Figure 8.1. List of Hosts

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2. Click the New button. The New Host dialog displays.

Figure 8.2. New Host Dialog

Enter the details of the new host.

• Name: a descriptive name for the host.

• Address: the IP address, or resolvable hostname of the host (provided during installation).

• Port: the port used for internal communication control between the hosts. A default port isdisplayed; change the default only if you are sure that another port can be used.

• Host Cluster: the cluster to which the host belongs (select from the drop-down list).

• Root password: the password of the designated host; used during installation of the host.

• Enable Power Management: Select this checkbox to turn out-of-band (OOB) powermanagement on. If selected, the information for the following fields must also be provided.

• The Address of the host. This is usually the address of the remote access card (RAC) on thehost.


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• A valid User Name for the OOB management.

• A valid, robust Password for the OOB management.

• The Type of the OOB management device. Select the appropriate device from the drop downlist.

alom Sun Integrated Lights Out Manager (ILOM)

apc APC Master MasterSwitch network powerswitch

bladecenter IBM Bladecentre Remote SupervisorAdapter

drac5 Dell Remote Access Controller for Dellcomputers

eps ePowerSwitch 8M+ network power switch

ilo HP Integrated Lights Out standard

ipmilan Intelligent Platform Management Interface

rsa IBM Remote Supervisor Adaptor

rsb Fujitsu-Siemens RSB management interface

wti WTI Network PowerSwitch

• The Port to connect to OOB management.

• Slot: The slot number in the blade chassis. This option is for blade systems only.

• Options: Extra command line options for the fence agent. Detailed documentation of theoptions available is provided in the man page for each fence agent.

• Secure: Some fence agents support both encrypted and unencrypted communications.Select this option to enable encrypted communications.

• Click the Test button to test the operation of the OOB management solution.

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization recommends power management. Power management enablesthe system to fence a troublesome host using an additional interface.

Note

If the host is required to be Highly Available, power management must be enabled andconfigured.

3. Click OK.

Result:The new host displays in the list of hosts with a status of Installing. Once installation is complete,the status will update to Reboot and then Awaiting. The host must be activated for the status tochange to Up.

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Note

View the process of the host installation on the Details pane.

8.2. Activating a HostAfter a host has been added, or an existing host has been taken down for maintenance, it needs tobe activated before it can be used. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 hosts need to be activated after beingadded or upgraded.

To activate a host:

1. In the Hosts tab (see Figure 8.1, “List of Hosts”), select the host to be activated.

2. Click the Activate button.

Result:The host status changes to Up. Virtual machines can now run on the host.

Part IV. Environment Configuration

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Planning your Data CenterSuccessful planning is essential for a highly available, scalable Red Hat Enterprise Virtualizationenvironment.

Although it is assumed that your solution architect has defined the environment before installation, thefollowing considerations must be made when designing the system.

CPUVirtual Machines must be distributed across hosts so that enough capacity is available to handlehigher than average loads during peak processing. Average target utilization will be 50% of availableCPU.

MemoryThe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization page sharing process overcommits up to 150% of physicalmemory for virtual machines. Therefore, allow for an approximately 30% overcommit.

NetworkingWhen designing the network, it is important to ensure that the volume of traffic produced by storage,remote connections and virtual machines is taken into account. As a general rule, allow approximately50 MBps per virtual machine.

It is best practice to separate disk I/O traffic from end-user traffic, as this reduces the load on theEthernet connection and reduces security vulnerabilities by isolating data from the visual stream. ForEthernet networks, it is suggested that bonds (802.3ad) are utilized to aggregate server traffic types.

Note

It is possible to connect both the storage and Hypervisors via a single high performanceswitch. For this configuration to be effective, the switch must be able to provide 30 GBps on thebackplane.

High AvailabilityThe system requires at least two hosts to achieve high availability. This redundancy is useful whenperforming maintenance or repairs.

9.1. Data CentersFollowing Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager installation it is necessary to define the datacenters, and clusters, that you will use to organize your virtualization hosts. The installation processcreates a data center, and associated cluster, called Default. The storage type of the data center isset based on the one selected during installation. If you wish to make use of other storage types thenyou will need to add additional data centers and clusters to support them.

9.1.1. Prerequisites for Setting up a Data CenterBefore you create a new data center, prepare the following resources. The following tasks must bedone at the host level, not from the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization platform.

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1. Setup and configure hosts. A host can be a Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor or a RedHat Enterprise Linux 6 host. A cluster needs a minimum of one host, and at least one active hostis required to connect the system to a storage pool.

2. Setup, configure and define storage. It is recommended that data centers have a minimum of twostorage domains, one to store disk images of the virtual machines and one to store ISO images.Set up the storage domains of the type required for the data center; NFS, iSCSI, FCP or Local.For example, for an NFS data center, create and mount the export directories.

3. Set up logical networks for the data center, cluster and the hosts. It is recommended that you havethe IP addresses/domain names available for reference.

9.1.2. Working with Data CentersThis section describes how to configure, create and manage data centers. The data center is thehighest level container for all physical and logical resources within a managed virtual environment.The data center is a collection of clusters of hosts. It owns the logical network (that is, the definedsubnets for management, guest network traffic and storage network traffic) and the storage pool.

Figure 9.1. Data Centers

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization contains a default data center at installation. Enterprises can set upnew and additional data centers that can all be managed from the single Administration Portal. Forexample, an organization may have different data centers for different physical locations, businessunits, or for reasons of security. It is recommended that you do not remove the default data center,instead set up new appropriately named data centers.

The system administrator, as the superuser, can manage all aspects of the platform, that is, datacenters, storage pools, users, roles and permissions by default; however more specific administrativeroles and permissions can be assigned to other users. For example, the enterprise may need a datacenter administrator for a specific data center, or a particular cluster may need an administrator.All system administration roles for physical resources have a hierarchical permission system. Forexample, a data center administrator will automatically have permission to manage all the objects inthat data center, storage, cluster and hosts; while a cluster administrator can manage all objects in theparticular cluster.

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9.1.3. Creating a New Data CenterA data center is a logical grouping of clusters of hosts. If you wish to create an additional data center,use the instructions in this section; if you wish to use the existing default data center then you mayskip this process and begin creating clusters, see Section 9.2, “Clusters”.

The Data Centers tab displays a list of data centers.

Figure 9.2. Data Centers Tab

1. Click the New button on the Data Centers tab. The New Data Center dialog displays.

2. Enter the Name and Description of the data center.

3. Select the storage Type of the data center. Select the storage appropriate to your data center;one of the following:• NFS

• iSCSI

• FCP

• Local Storage

4. Select the Compatibility Level of the data center, 2.2 or 3.0.

5. Click OK.


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6. The Guide Me dialog displays a list of configuration tasks that must be completed before the datacenter can be activated. The data center configuration tasks can be done immediately or later.

Figure 9.3. New Data Center Guide Me Dialog

Click Configure Later to close the dialog.

Result:The new data center is added, and appears in appropriate searches or lists of data centers, witha status of Uninitialized. An uninitialized data center typically requires further configuration, forexample, storage domains must be attached to it. Either click the Configure Storage button on theGuide Me dialog or select the new data center in the list, and click the Storage tab in the Detailspane. You can define existing storage for the data center, or attach existing storage domains to thedata center.

9.2. ClustersA cluster is a collection of physical hosts that share the same storage domains and have the sametype of CPU. Because virtual machines can be migrated across hosts in the same cluster, the clusteris the highest level at which power and load-sharing policies can be defined. The Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization platform contains a default cluster in the default data center at installation.

Every cluster in the system must belong to a data center, and every host in the system must belongto a cluster. This enables the system to dynamically allocate a virtual machine to any host in theapplicable cluster, according to policies defined on the Cluster tab and in the Configuration tool duringruntime, thus maximizing memory and disk space, as well as virtual machine uptime.

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At any given time, after a virtual machine runs on a specific host in the cluster, the virtual machine canbe migrated to another host in the cluster using Migrate. This can be very useful when a host is shutdown for maintenance. The migration to another host in the cluster is transparent to the user, and theuser continues working as usual. Note that a virtual machine cannot be migrated to a host outside thecluster.

9.2.1. Creating a ClusterBefore creating a new cluster, ensure that there is at least one host available to be assigned to it. Thehosts in a cluster all run the same type of CPU. That is, a cluster must not contain a mix of both Inteland AMD CPUs.

Important

The default rhevm network cannot be modified once a cluster has been attached to a datacenter. Any configuration required for the rhevm network, such as enabling VLAN tagging, mustbe performed before a cluster is attached, and the data center is still in the Uninitialized state.

Procedure 9.1. To create a new host cluster:1. Click the Clusters tab. A list of clusters displays.

2. Click the New button on the Clusters tab.

The New Cluster dialog displays.

3. On the General tab, Select an existing Data Center from the list, the cluster Name andDescription. The name should not include spaces.

Select the CPU Name for hosts in this cluster. All hosts must run the same type of CPU. The CPUName list displays all the CPU types supported by Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization. Finally onthe General tab, select the Compatibility Level of the data center, from either 2.2 or 3.0.

4. Use the Memory Optimization tab to define how much of the host's memory can be used inexcess of the permitted memory for a virtual machine in the cluster. For example, all virtualmachines will not be using the full amount of allocated memory all the time. Memory sharingallows virtual machines that require additional memory at a certain time to use memory that is notbeing used at that time by other virtual machines. This feature allows you to fine tune how youwish to optimize the memory page sharing and large pages implementation on the hosts in thecluster.

Select from None, that disables memory page sharing, Optimized for Server Load, that sets thememory page sharing threshold to 150% of the system memory on each host, or Optimized forDesktop Load, that sets the memory page sharing threshold to 200% of the system memory oneach host.

5. Select the Resilience Policy tab to define if high availability is to be implemented for the virtualmachines in the cluster. If a host shuts down unexpectedly or is put into maintenance, the virtualmachines running on the host can be re-run on another host in the same cluster. This field allowsyou to configure the migration settings for virtual machines.

Select from Migrate Virtual Machines, (migrates all machines); Migrate only Highly AvailableVirtual Machines or Do Not Migrate Virtual Machines.


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6. Click OK to create the cluster. The new host cluster is added to the data center and displays onthe Cluster tab.

The New Cluster - Guide Me dialog displays.

7. The Guide Me tab prompts you to add hosts to the new cluster. Click the Configure Hostsbutton, the New Host dialog displays.

Enter the details of the host to assign to the cluster. Click OK to close the New Host dialog. Nowclick Configure Later to close the New Cluster Guide Me dialog and return to the Clusters tab.

Result:The Hosts tab on the Details pane displays the newly added hosts.

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Network SetupThis chapter provides instruction on configuring networking for the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualizationenvironment. For information about managing networking, including maintenance, refer to the Red HatEnterprise Virtualization Administration Guide.

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization uses networking to support almost every aspect of operations.Storage, host management, user connections, and virtual machine connectivity, for example, all relyon a well planned and configured network to deliver optimal performance. Setting up networking isa vital prerequisite for a Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization environment because it is much simpler toplan for your projected networking requirements and implement your network accordingly than it is todiscover your networking requirements through use and attempt to alter your network configurationretroactively.

A familiarity with the network concepts and their use is highly recommended when planning andsetting up networking in a Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization environment. This document does notdescribe the concepts, protocols, requirements or general usage of bonds, bridges and logicalnetworks. It is recommended that you read your network hardware vendor's guides for moreinformation on managing networking.

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10.1. Determine Network RequirementsIt is possible to deploy a Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization environment with no consideration givento networking at all. Simply ensuring that each physical machine in the environment has at least oneNetwork Interface Controller(NIC) cabled to a switch and assigned an IP address by DHCP is enoughto begin using a Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization environment. While it is true that this approach tonetworking will provide a functional environment, it will not provide an optimal environment. Becausenetwork usage varies by task or action, grouping related tasks or functions into specialized networkscan improve performance while simplifying the troubleshooting of network issues. By default, the RedHat Enterprise Virtualization Manager creates one logical network called rhevm and uses this logicalnetwork for all traffic.

The rhevm network is created and labeled as the Management logical network. The rhevm logicalnetwork is intended for management traffic between the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Managerand virtualization hosts. Other types of traffic that are common to all Red Hat Enterprise Virtualizationenvironments are:• Display related traffic.

• General virtual machine networking traffic.

• Storage related traffic.

For the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization environment to perform optimally, these types of trafficshould be separated. This is easily accomplished by assigning each type of network traffic to adifferent logical network. Each logical network must be associated with a cabled, active networkdevice. The network device that supports each logical network can be physical, a NIC or logical, like abond device or virtual NIC(VNIC).

The number of logical networks that can be defined and implemented in a Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization environment is limited by the number of network interfaces present on the virtualizationhosts in the environment. Each logical network needs at least one physical device to support it.Because a logical network must be implemented for each host in a cluster for the logical network to beoperational, the number of logical networks that can be implemented in a given cluster is limited by thehost in a cluster with the fewest NICs.

10.2. Logical NetworksBy default the management network, called rhevm is defined for a data center. New logical networks,for example for data, storage or display can be defined by the administrator. In general, logicalnetworks are created to isolate network traffic by functionality or virtualize a physical topology. Inaddition, other networks can be used to segregate virtual machine traffic from the managementnetworks, or isolate traffic between groups of virtual machines in the same cluster. In Red HatEnterprise Virtualization Manager, network definition, type and function are encapsulated in a logicalentity called a Logical Network. For example, a data center may have the following networks,

• Guest data network

• Storage network access

• Management network

• Display network (for SPICE or VNC)

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Warning:

Do not change networking in a data center or a cluster if any hosts are running. This may makethe host unreachable.

10.2.1. Adding Logical NetworksA logical network is assigned by an administrator as a required resource of a cluster in a data center.By extension all hosts in a cluster must have the same set of logical networks implemented. Theimplementation itself may vary from host to host (IP and bonding properties). Therefore, to configure anetwork, you need to first define the network for a data center and then apply this network to each hostin a cluster. By default the management network (rhevm) is defined for a data center.

This section describes how to define a Storage logical network for a data center, apply the Storagelogical network to a cluster, and implement the Storage logical network for hosts. This process canbe repeated for each logical network being added to a data center.

To define logical networks in a cluster1. Navigate to the Tree pane and click the Expand All button. Under System, click select the data

center to which a new logical network will be added. On the results list, the selected data centerdisplays.

2. On the details pane, select the Logical Networks subtab. This displays the existing logicalnetworks. At the minimum, the default rhevm network is listed.

3. Click New. The New Logical Network dialog displays.

Figure 10.1. Add a logical network.

Fill in the Name and Description fields, and select the desired cluster from the Assign Networksto Cluster(s) section, to automatically add the Storage network to the cluster.

4. Click OK to create the new logical network.


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Result:You have defined this network as a resource required by the a cluster in the data center. You can nowadd this resource to the hosts in the cluster.

To add network to hosts1. Back on the Tree pane, click Default → Clusters → Default → Hosts. The Hosts tab displays a

list of available hosts.

2. For each of your installed hosts, perform the following tasks:

a. Click on the host. On the details pane, select the Network Interfaces tab.

b. A list of network interfaces available for this host displays. One of them will already have themanagement network (rhevm) configured.

c. Select the interface on which to configure the newly added network and click the Add/Editbutton. The Edit Network Interface dialog displays.

Figure 10.2. Edit network interface

Configure the following options:• Under Network, select your newly created storage network.

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• Select the Static or DHCP radio button. If static was selected, enter the IP and SubnetMask you have prepared as part of the prerequisites to this procedure.

• Select the Save network configuration checkbox.

d. Click OK.

Result:You have now added a new Storage network to your data center. On the Logical Networks tab ofthe Default data center, you should have at least two networks - rhevm and Storage. You can repeatthis process for each logical network being added to a data center

10.2.1.1. Designate Display NetworkA logical network created to carry display traffic must be designated as the Display Network using theRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager administration portal.

To designate a new logical network as the display network1. Select the Clusters tab, and select the cluster you wish to designate a display network for.

2. Select the Logical Networks.

3. Select the logical network that you wish to designate as the Display network.

4. Click the Set as Display button.

5. Update Display Network displays in the Events tab.

Result:You have successfully designated a logical network as the display network.

10.3. Set Up a Bond DeviceA Bond aggregates multiple NICs in a parallel manner to provide combined speed that is beyondsingle NIC speeds. Bonding provides increased fault tolerance by increasing the number of failuresrequired for networking to fail completely. The NICs that form a bond device must be of the samemake and model in order to ensure that both devices support the same options and modes.

The packet dispersal algorithm for a bond is determined by the bonding mode used.

Bonding ModesRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization supports the following common bonding modes:

• (Mode 1) Active-backup policy sets all interfaces to the backup state while one remains active. Uponfailure on the active interface, a backup interface replaces it as the only active interface in the bond.The MAC address of the bond in mode 1 is visible on only one port (the network adapter), to preventconfusion for the switch. Mode 1 provides fault tolerance and is supported in Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization.

• (Mode 2) XOR policy selects an interface to transmit packages to based on the result of a XORoperation on the source and destination MAC addresses multiplied by the modulo slave count.This calculation ensures that the same interface is selected for each destination MAC address


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used. Mode 2 provides fault tolerance and load balancing and is supported in Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization.

• (Mode 4) IEEE 802.3ad policy creates aggregation groups for which included interfaces share thespeed and duplex settings. Mode 4 uses all interfaces in the active aggregation group in accordancewith the IEEE 802.3ad specification and is supported in Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization.

• (Mode 5) Adaptive transmit load balancing policy ensures the outgoing traffic distribution isaccording to the load on each interface and that the current interface receives all incoming traffic. Ifthe interface assigned to receive traffic fails, another interface is assigned the receiving role instead.Mode 5 is supported in Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization.

To create a bond device using the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager administration portal1. Click the Hosts tab.

2. Select the host for which a bond device will be created.

3. Click the Network Interfaces tab in the details pane.

4. Select the devices that will be included in the bond, ensuring they are all of the same make andmodel.

Figure 10.3. Bond Network Devices.

5. Click the Bond button. The Bond Network Interfaces dialog displays.

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Figure 10.4. Bond Devices Dialogue.

Enter the configuration information for the new bond device including:• Bond Name: select one from the drop down list.

• Network: the logical network that the bond device will be a part of.

• Bonding mode: the bonding mode that provides the desired functionality.

• IP address assignment mechanism: either DHCP or Static. If static, then IP, Subnet Mask, andDefault Gateway must all be set manually.

• Check connectivity: ensure that the bond device is functional upon creation.

• Save Network Configuration: make the bond device persistent through reboots.

6. Click the OK. The Events tab displays Bond device created.

Result:A bond device is listed in the Network Interfaces tab of the details pain for the selected host


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To enable bonding on a switchBonding must be enabled for the ports that the host uses on the switch it is connected to. The processby which bonding is enabled is slightly different for each switch, consult the manual provided by yourswitch vendor for detailed information on how to enable bonding.

The following is an bond example configuration for a switch. Your switch configuration may lookdifferent.

interface Port-channel11 switchport access vlan 153 switchport mode access spanning-tree portfast disable spanning-tree bpduguard disable spanning-tree guard root interface GigabitEthernet0/16 switchport access vlan 153 switchport mode access channel-group 11 mode active interface GigabitEthernet0/17 switchport access vlan 153 switchport mode access

Important

For every type of switch it is important to set up the switch bonding with the Link AggregationControl Protocol(LACP) protocol and not the Cisco Port Aggregation Protocol(PAgP) protocol.

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Storage SetupThis chapter provides instruction on configuring, and attaching storage to the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization environment. For information about managing storage, including maintenance andremoval, refer to the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Administration Guide.

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization uses a centralized storage system for virtual machine disk images,ISO files and snapshots. Storage networking can be implemented using Network File System (NFS),Internet Small Computer System Interface (iSCSI), Fibre Channel Protocol (FCP), or local storageattached directly to the virtualization hosts. This section describes how to set up and manage thevariety of storage types that can be used in the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization platform. Setting upstorage is a vital prerequisite for a new data center because a data center cannot be initialized unlessstorage domains are attached and activated.

A Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization system administrator needs to create, configure, attach andmaintain storage for the virtualized enterprise. A familiarity with the storage types and their use ishighly recommended. This document does not describe the concepts, protocols, requirements orgeneral usage of NFS, iSCSI, FCP, or local storage. It is recommended that you read your storagearray vendor's guides, and refer to Red Hat Enterprise Linux — Storage Administration Guide for moreinformation on managing storage, if necessary.

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The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization platform enables administrators to assign and manage storageeffectively and efficiently. The Storage tab on the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization platform providesan efficient graphical way to view and manage networked storage. The Storage Results list displaysall the storage domains, and the Details pane enables access to general information about thedomain.

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization platform has three types of storage domains:

• Data domains hold the disk images of all the virtual machines running in the system, operatingsystem images and data disks. In addition, snapshots of the virtual machines are also stored in thedata domain. The data cannot be shared across data centers, and the data domain must be of thesame type as the data center. For example, a data center of a iSCSI type, must have an iSCSI datadomain. A data domain cannot be shared between data centers.

Additionally you must attach a data domain to a data center before you will be allowed to attachdomains of other types to it.

• ISO domains store ISO files (or logical CDs) used to install and boot operating systems andapplications for the virtual machines. Because an ISO domain is a logical entity replacing a library ofphysical CDs or DVDs, an ISO domain removes the data center's need for physical media. An ISOdomain can be shared across different data centers. ISO storage domains must be located on NFSstorage.

• An export domain is a temporary storage repository that is used to copy/move images between datacenters and Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager installations. In addition, the export domaincan be used to backup virtual machines. An export domain can be moved between data centers,however, it can only be active in one data center at a time. Support for export storage domainsbacked by mechanisms other than NFS is being deprecated. New export storage domains must becreated on NFS storage.

Once you have determined the storage needs of your data center(s) you must begin configuring andattaching the storage:

• To configure, and attach NFS storage, see Section 11.1.1, “Adding NFS Storage”.

• To configure, and attach iSCSI storage, see Section 11.1.2, “Adding iSCSI Storage”.

• To configure, and attach FCP storage, see Section 11.1.3, “Adding FCP Storage”.

• To configure, and attach local storage, see Section 11.1.4, “Adding Local Storage”.

Important — Before Adding Storage

Before adding storage ensure that you have a working Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Managerenvironment. You must be able to successfully access the Administration Portal, and there mustbe at least one host connected with a status of Up.

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Important — Export Domain Storage Type

Support for export storage domains backed by storage on anything other than NFS is beingdeprecated. While existing export storage domains imported from Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization 2.2 environments remain supported new export storage domains must be createdon NFS storage.

11.1. Storage Domains Overview

11.1.1. Adding NFS StorageAn NFS storage domain is an NFS file share that is attached to a data center. Once you attach anNFS file share to the data center as a storage domain it is used to provide storage to the Red HatEnterprise Virtualization environment. How the storage domain is used depends on the function youselect when attaching it.

This section details how to prepare NFS file shares on your storage infrastructure and attach themusing the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager. For further information on NFS itself, see theRed Hat Enterprise Linux — Storage Administration Guide

Figure 11.1. Add NFS


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Important — NFSv4 is not Natively Supported

NFSv4 is not natively supported by Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization. Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization will always attempt to mount NFS storage using NFSv3.

Your NFS storage server must support NFSv3 to be used with Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization.Attempts to attach NFS storage which has been exported from servers that do not support NFSv3to the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization environment will fail.

Preparing NFS StorageThis section outlines how to prepare an NFS file share on a server running Red Hat Enterprise Linux6. Once created the NFS share can be attached by the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager.

1. Install nfs-utilsNFS functionality is provided by the nfs-utils package. Before file shares can be created, checkthat the package is installed by querying the RPM database for the system:

$ rpm -qi nfs-utils

If the nfs-utils package is installed then the package information will be displayed. If no output isdisplayed then the package is not currently installed. Install it using yum while logged in as theroot user:

# yum install nfs-utils

2. Configure Boot ScriptsTo ensure that NFS shares are always available when the system is operational both the nfsand rpcbind services must start at boot time. Use the chkconfig command while logged in asroot to modify the boot scripts.

# chkconfig --add rpcbind# chkconfig --add nfs# chkconfig rpcbind on# chkconfig nfs on

Once the boot script configuration has been done, start the services for the first time.

# service rpcbind start# service nfs start

3. Create DirectoryCreate the directory you wish to share using NFS.

# mkdir /exports/iso

Replace /exports/iso with the name, and path of the directory you wish to use.

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4. Export DirectoryTo be accessible over the network using NFS the directory must be exported. NFS exports arecontrolled using the /etc/exports configuration file. Each export path appears on a separateline followed by a tab character and any additional NFS options. Exports to be attached to theRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager must have the read, and write, options set.

To grant read, and write access to /exports/iso using NFS for example you add the followingline to the /etc/exports file.

/exports/iso *(rw)

Again, replace /exports/iso with the name, and path of the directory you wish to use.

5. Reload NFS ConfigurationFor the changes to the /etc/exports file to take effect the service must be told to reload theconfiguration. To force the service to reload the configuration run the following command as root:

# service nfs reload

6. Set PermissionsThe NFS export directory must be configured for read write access and must be owned byvdsm:kvm. If these users do not exist on your external NFS server use the following command,assuming that /exports/iso is the directory to be used as an NFS share.

# chown -R 36:36 /exports/iso

The permissions on the directory must be set to allow read and write access to both the ownerand the group. The owner should also have execute access to the directory. The permissions areset using the chmod command. The following command arguments set the required permissionson the /exports/iso directory.

# chmod 0755 /exports/iso

Result:The NFS file share has been created, and is ready to be attached by the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager.

Attaching NFS StorageAn NFS type Storage Domain is a mounted NFS share that is attached to a data center. It isused to provide storage for virtualized guest images and ISO boot media. Once NFS storage hasbeen exported it must be attached to the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager, using theAdministration Portal.

To add an NFS data, or export, storage domain you must select an NFS data center. NFS storagedomains for ISO storage are able to be added to data centers of any type.

1. Click the Storage tab. The Storage list and toolbar display.

2. Click New Domain.

3. The New Storage dialog box displays.


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Figure 11.2. NFS Storage

4. Configure the following options:Name: Enter a suitably descriptive name.Data Center: Select the required Data Center from the drop-down list.Domain Function/ Storage Type: In the drop down menu, select Data → NFS. The storagedomain types which are not compatible with the Default data center are grayed out. After youselect your domain type, the Export Path field appears.Export path: Enter the IP address or a resolvable hostname of the chosen host. The exportpath should be in the format of 192.168.0.10:/Images/ISO or domain.example.com:/Images/ISOUse Host: Select any of the hosts from the drop down menu. Only hosts which belong in the pre-selected data center will display in this list.

Active Host Required

All communication to the storage domain is via the selected host and not directly from theRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager. At least one active host must exist in the system,and be attached to the chosen data center, before the storage is configured.

5. Click OK.

Result:The new NFS data domain displays on the Storage tab. It will remain with a Locked status while it isbeing prepared for use. When ready, it is automatically attached to the data center.

11.1.2. Adding iSCSI StorageRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization platform supports iSCSI storage via the creation of a StorageDomain for a Volume Group. A Volume Group is a set of pre-defined Logical Unit Numbers

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(LUNs). Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization supports creation of a Storage Domain from a pre-existent Volume Group or a set of LUNs. Neither Volume Groups nor LUNs are able to be attachedto more than one Storage Domain at a time.

For information regarding the setup and configuration of iSCSI on Red Hat Enterprise Linux, see theRed Hat Enterprise Linux — Storage Administration Guide.

1. On the tree pane, select the Tree tab. On System, click the + icon to display the available datacenters.

2. Select the Data Center to which the domain is to be added. The storage type of the data centerselected determines the type of storage domains that can be added to it. To add an iSCSI data, orexport, storage domain you must select an iSCSI data center. iSCSI storage domains can not beused for ISO storage domains.

3. Click the New Domain button.

4. Click New Storage. The New Storage dialog box displays.

5. From the Domain Function / Storage Type drop-down menu, select the appropriate storage typefor the storage domain. The storage domain types that are not compatible with the chosen datacenter are not available.

6. Select an active host in the Use host field. To attach a domain, the name of an active host mustbe selected from the list of existing hosts. Only hosts that are attached to the selected DataCenter are listed.


All communication to the storage domain is via the selected host and not directly from theRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager. At least one active host must exist in the system,and be attached to the chosen data center, before the storage is configured.

7. The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager is able to map either iSCSI targets to LUNs,or LUNs to iSCSI targets. The New Domain dialog automatically displays known targets withunused LUNs when iSCSI is selected as the storage type. If the target that you are adding


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storage from is not listed then you can use target discovery to find it, otherwise proceed to thenext step.

Figure 11.3. New Domain Dialog

iSCSI Target Discovery• Click Discover Targets to enable target discovery options. The New Domain dialog

automatically displays targets with unused LUNs when iSCSI is selected as the storage type.If the target that you are adding is not listed, click Discover Targets to enable target discoveryoptions.

• Enter the fully qualified domain name or IP address of the iSCSI host in the Address field.

• Enter the port to connect to the host on when browsing for targets in the Port field. The defaultis 3260.

• If the Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) is being used to secure thestorage, select the User Authentication check box. Enter the CHAP user name and password.

• Click the Discover button.

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8. Click the + button next to the desired target. This will expand the entry and display all unusedLUNs attached to the target.

Figure 11.4. iSCSI LUN Selection

9. Select the check box for each LUN that you are using to create the storage domain.

10. Click OK to create the storage domain.

Result:The new iSCSI storage domain displays on the storage tab. This will take some time.

11.1.2.1. Mapping iSCSI Targets to LUNsFollow the below mentioned procedure:

1. Click the + button next to the desired target.

2. Select the check box for each LUN that you are using to create the storage domain.

3. Click OK.

Result:The new storage domain is created.


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11.1.3. Adding FCP StorageRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization platform supports SAN storage via the creation of a StorageDomain for a Volume Group. A Volume Group is a set of pre-defined Logical Unit Numbers(LUNs). Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization supports creation of a Storage Domain from a pre-definedVolume Group or a set of LUNs. Neither Volume Groups nor LUNs are able to be attached to morethan one Storage Domain at a time.

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization system administrators need a working knowledge of Storage AreaNetworks (SAN) concepts. SAN usually uses Fibre Channel Protocol (FCP) for traffic between hostsand shared external storage. For this reason, SAN may occasionally be referred to as FCP storage.

For information regarding the setup and configuration of FCP or multipathing on Red Hat EnterpriseLinux, please refer to the Storage Administration Guide and DM Multipath Guide.

Procedure 11.1. To Add FCP Storage:1. Click the Storage tab. The Storage list and toolbar display.

2. Click New Domain.

3. The New Domain dialog box displays.

Figure 11.5. Adding FCP Storage

4. Configure the following options:1. Name: Enter a suitably descriptive name.

2. Data Center: Select the required Data Center from the drop-down list.

3. Domain Function/ Storage Type: Select FCP.

4. Use Host: Select the IP address of either the hypervisor or Red Hat Enterprise Linux host.

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All communication to the storage domain is via the selected host and not directly fromthe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager. At least one active host must exist in thesystem, and be attached to the chosen data center, before the storage is configured.

5. The list of existing LUNs display. On the selected LUN, select the Add LUN check box to useit as the FCP data domain.

5. Click OK.

Result:The new FCP data domain displays on the Storage tab. It will remain with a Locked status while it isbeing prepared for use. When ready, it is automatically attached to the data center. Select either BuildNew Domain or Use Existing Volume Group.

11.1.4. Adding Local StorageA local storage domain can be set up on a host, to be used as a data domain for a data center andcluster that contains only a single host. Virtual machines created in a single host cluster cannot bemigrated, fenced or scheduled.

Preparing Local StorageThis section outlines how to set up a local directory with recommended settings.

• On a Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor host, set up the path for the local storage as /data/images. This is the only path permitted for a Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor.On a Red Hat Enterprise Linux host other paths are supported but the directories to support it mustbe manually created first.

The path must have permissions allowing read and write access to the vdsm user and kvm group.These permissions are set automatically on the /data/images path for Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Hypervisor hosts. you must set them manually on paths to be used for local storage onRed Hat Enterprise Linux hosts.

# chown 36:36 /data /data/images# chmod 0755 /data /data/images

• On a Red Hat Enterprise Linux host, set up the path for local storage in the /data directory. Anypath is permitted on a Red Hat Enterprise Linux host. Follow these instructions to add local storage:

1. On the tree pane, select the Tree tab. On System, click the + icon to display the available datacenters.

2. Select the Data Center to which the domain is to be added. The storage type of the data centerselected determines the type of storage domains that can be added to it. To add a local datastorage domain you must select a local data center.

3. Click New Domain. The New Domain dialog box displays.


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4. Enter the Name of the domain. A descriptive name is recommended.

5. Select the Data / Local on Host option as the Domain Function / Storage Type for thestorage domain.

6. Select the local host in the Use host field. This must be the host on which the local storage isset up.

Important — Active Host Required

All communication to the storage domain is via the selected host and not directly fromthe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager. At least one active host must exist in thesystem, and be attached to the chosen data center, before the storage is configured.

7. Enter the Path of the storage. For example, /data/images.

8. Click OK.

Result:The new local storage domain displays on the Storage tab. This may take a few moments.

11.2. Populate the ISO DomainOnce an ISO storage domain is defined for a data center, CD-ROM images or ISO images must beuploaded for the virtual machines to use. Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization provides an ISO uploadertool that ensures that the images are uploaded into the correct directory path, with the correct userpermissions. While an example is provided here, for full usage information see Section C.3, “ISOUploader”.

The creation of ISO images from physical media is not described in this document. It is assumed thatyou have access to the images required for your environment.

1. Copy the required ISO image to a temporary directory on the system running Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager.

2. Log in to the system running Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager as the root user.

3. Use the rhevm-iso-uploader command to upload the ISO image. This action will take sometime, the amount of time varies depending on the size of the image being uploaded and availablenetwork bandwidth.

Example 11.1. ISO Uploader UsageIn this example the ISO image RHEL6.iso is uploaded to the ISO domain called ISODomainusing NFS. The command will prompt for an administrative username and password. Theusername must be provided in the form username@domain.

# rhevm-iso-uploader --iso-domain=ISODomain upload RHEL6.iso

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Result:The ISO image is uploaded and appears in the ISO storage domain specified. It is also available inthe list of available boot media when creating virtual machines in the data center which the storagedomain is attached to.

11.2.1. Uploading the VirtIO and Guest Tool Image FilesWhen a local ISO storage domain is configured during installation the virtio-win ISO and Virtual FloppyDrive (VFD) images, containing the VirtIO drivers for Windows virtual machines, are automaticallycopied to the new storage domain. The rhev-tools-setup ISO, containing the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Guest Tools for Windows virtual machines are also copied to the domain.

These image files provide software that can be installed on guest operating systems to improve theperformance and usability of the virtual machine. The most recent virtio-win and rhev-tools-setupimages are referred to by the following symbolic links on the filesystem of the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager:

• /usr/share/virtio-win/virtio-win.iso

• /usr/share/virtio-win/virtio-win.vfd

• /usr/share/rhev-guest-tools-iso/rhev-tools-setup.iso

These image files must be manually uploaded to ISO storage domains that were not created locally bythe installation process. You must use the rhevm-iso-uploader command to upload these imagesto your ISO storage domain. Once the image files have been uploaded they can be attached to, andused by, virtual machines.

Example 11.2. Upload of VirtIO and Guest Tool Image FilesIn this example the virtio-win.iso, virtio-win.vfd, and rhev-tools-setup.iso imagefiles are uploaded to the ISODomain ISO storage domain.

# rhevm-iso-uploader --iso-domain=ISODomain upload /usr/share/virtio-win/virtio-win.iso /usr/share/virtio-win/virtio-win.vfd /usr/share/rhev-guest-tools-iso/rhev-tools-setup.iso

Part V. Appendices

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Appendix A. Troubleshooting and ErrorMessages

A.1. Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager Log FilesTable A.1. Installation

Log File Description

/var/log/rhevm/rhevm-setup-yyyy_mm_dd_hh_mm.log

Log from the rhevm-setup command. A log isgenerated each time the command is run. Thedate and time of the run is used in the filenameto allow multiple logs to exist concurrently.

/var/log/rhevm/rhevm-upgrade-yyyy_mm_dd_hh_mm_ss.log

Log from the rhevm-upgrade command. A logis generated each time the command is run. Thedate and time of the run is used in the filenameto allow multiple logs to exist concurrently.

/var/log/rhevm/rhevm-dwh/rhevm-dwh-setup-yyyy_mm_dd_hh_mm_ss.log

Log from the rhevm-dwh-setup command.This is the command used to create therhevm_history database for reporting. A logis generated each time the command is run. Thedate and time of the run is used in the filenameto allow multiple logs to exist concurrently.

/var/log/rhevm/rhevm-reports/rhevm-reports-setup-yyyy_mm_dd_hh_mm_ss.log

Log from the rhevm-reports-setupcommand. This is the command used to installthe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization ManagerReports modules. A log is generated each timethe command is run. The date and time of therun is used in the filename to allow multiple logsto exist concurrently.

Table A.2. Service Activity


/var/log/rhevm/rhevm.log Reflects all Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationManager GUI crashes, Active Directory look-ups,Database issues, and other events.

Table A.3. Client


%TEMP%/manager_hostname/log Client side log of messages output by theAdministration Portal WPF applet.

A.2. Context Sensitive HelpThe Administration Portal features context sensitive help links on a number of dialog boxes. It isintended that these links will take you directly to the section of the documentation which is relevant tothe task you are performing.

Dialog boxes that are linked to a topic in the documentation display a ? icon in the top right handcorner of the screen. Clicking this icon opens the relevant section of the documentation.

Appendix A. Troubleshooting and Error Messages

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Figure A.1. Example of a Dialog Box with Context Sensitive Help

A.2.1. Administration PortalIf a link on the Administration Portal brought you directly to this section of the documentation then thecontent for the dialog box you are using has not been updated for this release yet.

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Appendix B. Directory ServicesRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager is able to use both Active Directory and IPA Server for userauthentication. This appendix documents the basic requirements for directory servers of either type tobe added to the environment.

Information on adding or removing directory services domains to the Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationManager configuration, once they have been created, is available in Section C.1, “DomainManagement Tool”.

B.1. IPA ServerIPA is an integrated security information management solution which combines Red Hat EnterpriseLinux, Red Hat Directory Server, MIT Kerberos, and NTP. It provides web browser and command-lineinterfaces, and its numerous administration tools allow an administrator to quickly install, set up, andadminister one or more servers for centralized authentication and identity management.

The latest version of IPA extends the integration of DNS, includes a Certificate System Server, anenhanced administrative framework, support for host identities, netgroups, automount by location andother features.

InstallationIPA focuses on making centralized identity and policy easy to manage in Linux and Unixenvironments, and includes compatibility with Windows environments. If you need assistance installingor configuring IPA, see the Red Hat Enterprise Linux — Enterprise Identity Management Guide.

B.1.1. Adding New UsersBecause this section is devoted to getting you started with IPA quickly and easily, we have includedonly a limited number of examples. In this case, we have used the example of adding a new user tothe system as an introduction to administering your IPA system. The methods and general approach,however, apply to nearly all IPA objects (users, groups, hosts, etc.), upon which you would performsome operation, such as add, show, find, or delete. The general syntax involved follows the samepattern: ipa object-operation

Use the # ipa user-add command to create IPA users. Numerous options are available tocustomize the way your IPA users are created. Use the ipa help user command to access theavailable help on operations regarding user creation. Password management can be performed as aseparate operation or as part of the initial user creation process. This, and other aspects of creatingIPA users, are discussed below.

Interactive ModeIn interactive mode, the user is first created and their password created separately so that they canauthenticate and log in. Use the # ipa user-add command to create an IPA user. You can runthis command with or without additional parameters. If you omit any of the required parameters, theinterface will prompt you for the information.

The following example demonstrates adding a new user to IPA. In this example, the ipa user-addcommand was executed without any additional parameters; all required information was entered ininteractive mode.

# ipa user-add First name: Ryan

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Last name: Andrews User login [randrews]: --------------------- Added user "randrews" --------------------- User login: randrews First name: Ryan Last name: Andrews Full name: Ryan Andrews Display name: Ryan Andrews Initials: RA Home directory: /home/randrews GECOS field: randrews Login shell: /bin/sh Kerberos principal: [email protected] UID: 1316000004

Type ipa passwd <user login> to create a password for the user. This is a temporary password,or one-time password (OTP), and the user is required to change it the first time they log in. This isdone intentionally, so that an administrator can reset a password for a user but they are unable to takeadvantage of that knowledge, because the user must change the password when they first log in.

Unattended ModeAs an integrated (or unattended) operation, you can pass the --password option to the ipa user-add command. This will force the command to prompt for an initial password. As an alternative, echothe password directly into the command:

# echo "secret123" | ipa user-add asmart --first=Alex --last=Smart --password -------------------- Added user "asmart" -------------------- User login: asmart First name: Alex Last name: Smart Full name: Alex Smart Display name: Alex Smart Initials: AS Home directory: /home/asmart GECOS field: asmart Login shell: /bin/sh Kerberos principal: [email protected] UID: 1315400003

Performing Initial LoginYou can now authenticate using the newly-created user and temporary password. Type kinit <userlogin> to log in to IPA. This will prompt you for a password and then immediately request a passwordchange.

You can browse the IPA man pages and help system to explore other IPA commands. Please takesome time to become familiar with the ways other IPA objects can be created and modified.

B.2. Active DirectoryThis section is intended to provide a brief overview of the Active Directory configuration requiredto support the directory services requirements of Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization. It is not to beconsidered as a complete guide to the use of Active Directory. For full configuration procedures,refer to the appropriate Microsoft documentation available at http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd578336(WS.10).aspx.

http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd578336(WS.10).aspx

http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd578336(WS.10).aspx

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InstallationActive Directory Domain Services must be installed and available prior to commencement of theRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager installation. For Active Directory Domain Servicesinstallation instructions, including the creation of a new Forest and associated Domain, refer to theMicrosoft documentation at: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-au/library/cc772464(WS.10).aspx.

UsersThe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization administrative user must be created prior to installation.The credentials of this user are required to complete Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Managerinstallation. It is the account used when logging into the Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationAdministration Portal to manage the system.

The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization administrative user must have delegated control over theDomain to:

• Join a computer to the domain.

• Modify the membership of a group.

For information on creation of user accounts refer to http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc732336.aspx.

For information on delegation of control refer to http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc732524.aspx.

Important — Do not use the Administrator user

An Active Directory user account must be created specifically for use as the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization administrative user. Do not use the Active Directory Administrator account asthe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager administrative user.

http://technet.microsoft.com/en-au/library/cc772464(WS.10).aspx

http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc732336.aspx




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Appendix C. Additional Utilities

C.1. Domain Management ToolRed Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager uses directory services to authenticate users. While duringinstallation the manager sets up a domain named internal this is only used for the admin user.To add and remove other users from the system it is first necessary to add the directory service(s) inwhich they are found.

The supported directory services are Active Directory and IPA. Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationManager includes a domain management tool, rhevm-manage-domains, to add and removedomains provided by these services. In this way it is possible to grant access to the Red HatEnterprise Virtualization environment to users stored across multiple domains. This is true even wheresome users are stored in a domain managed by Active Directory and others are stored in a domainmanaged by IPA.

You will find the rhevm-manage-domains command on the machine to which Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager was installed. The rhevm-manage-domains command must be run as theroot user.

C.1.1. SyntaxThe usage syntax is:

Usage: rhevm-manage-domains -action=ACTION [options]

Available actions are:

addAdd a domain to the manager's directory services configuration.

editEdit a domain in the manager's directory services configuration.

deleteDelete a domain from the manager's directory services configuration.

validateValidate the manager's directory services configuration. The command attempts to authenticate toeach domain in the configuration using the configured username and password.

listList the manager's current directory services configuration.

The options available to be combined with the actions on the command line are:

-domain=DOMAINSpecifies the domain the action must be performed on. The -domain parameter is mandatory foradd, edit, and delete.

-user=USERSpecifies the domain user to use. The -user parameter is mandatory for add, and optional foredit.


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-interactiveSpecifies that the domain user's password is to be provided interactively. This option, or the -passwordFile option, must be used to provide the password for use with the add action.

-passwordFile=FILESpecifies that the domain user's password is on the first line of the provided file. This option, or the-interactive option, must be used to provide the password for use with the add action.

-configFile=FILESpecifies an alternative configuration file that the command must load. The -configFileparameter is always optional.

-reportSpecifies that when performing the validate action all validation errors encountered will bereported in full.

Common usage examples are discussed further within this guide. For full usage information consultthe rhevm-manage-domains command's help output:

# rhevm-manage-domains --help

C.1.2. ExamplesThe following examples demonstrate the use of the rhevm-manage-domains to perform basicmanipulation of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager domain configuration.

Example C.1. Adding Domains to ConfigurationThis example runs the rhevm-manage-domains command to add thedirectory.demo.redhat.com domain to the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Managerconfiguration. The configuration is set to use the admin user when querying the domain with thepassword to be provided interactively.

# rhevm-manage-domains -action=add -domain='directory.demo.redhat.com' -user='admin' -interactiveloaded template kr5.conf filesetting default_tkt_enctypes setting realmssetting domain realmsuccessUser guid is: 80b71bae-98a1-11e0-8f20-525400866c73Successfully added domain directory.demo.redhat.com

Example C.2. Edit Domain in ConfigurationThis example runs the rhevm-manage-domains command to edit thedirectory.demo.redhat.com domain in the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Managerconfiguration. The configuration is updated to use the admin user when querying this domain withthe password to be provided interactively.

# rhevm-manage-domains -action=edit -domain=directory.demo.redhat.com -user=admin -interactiveloaded template kr5.conf filesetting default_tkt_enctypes setting realms

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setting domain realmosuccessUser guid is: 80b71bae-98a1-11e0-8f20-525400866c73Successfully edited domain directory.demo.redhat.com

Example C.3. Deleting Domains from ConfigurationThis example runs the rhevm-manage-domains command to remove thedirectory.demo.redhat.com domain from the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Managerconfiguration. Users defined in the removed domain will no longer be able to authenticate with RedHat Enterprise Virtualization Manager. The entries for the affected users will remain defined in RedHat Enterprise Virtualization Manager until they are explicitly removed.

The domain being removed in this example is the last one listed in the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager configuration. A warning is displayed highlighting this fact and that only theadmin user from the internal domain will be able to log in until another domain is added.

# rhevm-manage-domains -action=delete -domain='directory.demo.redhat.com'WARNING: Domain directory.demo.redhat.com is the last domain in the configuration. After deleting it you will have to either add another domain, or to use the internal admin user in order to login.Successfully deleted domain directory.demo.redhat.com. Please remove all users and groups of this domain using the Administration portal or the API.

Example C.4. Validating ConfigurationThis example runs the rhevm-manage-domains command to validate the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization Manager configuration. The command attempts to log into each listed domain with thecredentials provided in the configuration. If the attempt is successful then the domain is reported asvalid.

# rhevm-manage-domains -action=validateUser guid is: 80b71bae-98a1-11e0-8f20-525400866c73Domain directory.demo.redhat.com is valid.

Example C.5. Listing Domains in ConfigurationThis example runs the rhevm-manage-domains command to list the domains defined in the RedHat Enterprise Virtualization Manager configuration. For each configuration entry the commanddisplays the domain, the username — in User Principle Name (UPN) format, and whether thedomain is local or remote.

# rhevm-manage-domains -action=listDomain: directory.demo.redhat.com User name: [email protected] This domain is a remote domain.

C.2. Configuration ToolDuring installation, only a subset of Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager's configuration settingsare modified from their defaults. You make further changes with the included configuration tool,rhevm-config.


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The configuration tool does not require JBoss or Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager to berunning to update the configuration. Configuration key values are stored in the database and as suchit must be operational for configuration changes to be saved. Changes are only applied once JBoss isrestarted.

The manager's configuration is stored as a series of key to value pair mappings. The configuration toolallows you to:

• list all available configuration keys,

• list all available configuration values,

• get the value of a specific configuration key, and

• set the value of a specific configuration key.

The configuration tool also allows you to maintain multiple versions of the manager's configuration.When getting or setting the value for a configuration key the --cver parameter is used to specifywhich configuration version is to be used. The default configuration version is general.

C.2.1. SyntaxYou will find the configuration tool on the machine to which Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Managerwas installed. Common usage examples are discussed within this guide. For full usage informationconsult the rhevm-config command's help output:

# rhevm-config --help

Common TasksList Available Configuration Keys

Use the --list parameter to list available configuration keys.

# rhevm-config --list

The tool lists each available configuration key by name. It also returns a description of each key'spurpose.

List Available Configuration ValuesUse the --all parameter to list available configuration values.

# rhevm-config --all

The tool lists each available configuration key by name as well as the current value of the key, andthe configuration version.

Get Value of Configuration KeyUse the --get parameter to get the value of a specific key.

# rhevm-config --get KEY_NAME

Replace KEY_NAME with the name of the key to retrieve. The tool returns the key name,value, and the configuration version. Optionally the --cver parameter is used to specify theconfiguration value from which the value should be retrieved.

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Set Value of Configuration KeyUse the --set parameter to set the value of a specific key. You must also set the configurationversion to which the change is to apply using the --cver parameter.

# rhevm-config --set KEY_NAME=KEY_VALUE --cver=VERSION

Replace KEY_NAME with the name of the key to set, and replace KEY_VALUE with the value toassign to it. In an environment with more than one configuration version you must also take care toreplace VERSION with the name of the configuration version in use.

C.2.2. Examples

Example C.6. Getting a Configuration Value

# rhevm-config --get=SearchResultsLimit --cver=general100

Example C.7. Setting a Configuration Value

# rhevm-config --set SearchResultsLimit=50 --cver=general

C.3. ISO UploaderThe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager installation includes a tool for uploading ISO imagesto the ISO storage domain. This tool is referred to as the ISO uploader. It provides for the listing ofstorage domains and uploading of ISO files to them.

The ISO uploader command is rhevm-iso-uploader. You must be logged in as the root userto run it successfully. You must provide the administration credentials for the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization environment on the command line. Full usage information, including a list of all validoptions for the command, is available by running the rhevm-iso-uploader -h command.

C.3.1. SyntaxThe basic syntax is of the form:

Usage: rhevm-iso-uploader [options] list rhevm-iso-uploader [options] upload [file].[file]...[file]

The two supported modes of operation are list, and upload.

• The list parameter lists the available ISO storage domains. These storage domains are the validtargets for ISO uploads. By default the list is obtained from the Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationManager installation on the local machine.

• The upload parameter uploads the selected ISO file(s) to the specified ISO storage domain. Bydefault the transfer is performed using NFS however SSH is also available.


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Basic ISO uploader usage requires that, at a minimum, the either the list or upload parameter isprovided. Where upload is selected then the name of at least one local file to upload must also beprovided.

The rhevm-iso-uploader command has a large number of options.

General Options--version

Displays the version number of the command in use, and exits immediately.

-h, --helpDisplays command usage information, and exits immediately.

--quietSets quiet mode, reducing console output to a minimum. This is off by default.

--log-file=PATHSets PATH as the log file the command should use for its own log output.

--conf-file=PATHSets PATH as the configuration file the command should use.

-v, --verboseSets verbose mode, providing more console output. This is off by default.

-f, --forceWhere the source file being uploaded has the same file name as an existing file at the destination,force the existing file to be overwritten automatically. This is off by default.

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager OptionsThe options in the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager configuration group are used to specifythe manager authentication details and, filter log collection from one or more virtualization hosts. If nooptions in this group are specified, data is not collected from any virtualization host.

-u USER, --user=USERSets the user as USER. This must be a user that exists in directory services, and is knownto the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager. The user must be specified in the formatuser@domain, where user replaced by the username, and domain is replaced by the directoryservices domain in use.

-r FQDN, --rhevm=FQDNSets the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager to connect to as FQDN. FQDN must be replacedby the fully qualified domain name of the manager. By default it is assumed that the ISO uploaderis being run on the same machine as the manager. Therefore the default value for this parameteris localhost.

ISO Storage Domain OptionsThe options in this configuration group are used to specify the ISO domain to which files must beuploaded

-i, --iso-domain=ISODOMAINSets the storage domain named ISODOMAIN as the destination for uploads.

-n, --nfs-server=NFSSERVERSets the NFS path NFSSERVER as the destination for uploads. This option is an alternative to --iso-domain, the two must not be used at the same time.

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Example C.8. Specifying an NFS Server

# rhevm-iso-uploader --nfs-server=storage.demo.redhat.com:/iso/path upload RHEL6.0.iso

Connection OptionsBy default the ISO uploader uses NFS to upload files. Use options within this configuration group touse SSH file transfer instead.

--ssh-user=USERSets USER as the SSH username to use for the upload.

--ssh-port=PORTSets PORT as the port to use when connecting to SSH.

-k KEYFILE, --key-file=KEYFILESets KEYFILE as the public key to use for SSH authentication. If no key is set the program willprompt you to enter the password of the user specified instead.

C.3.2. Examples

Example C.9. Basic ISO Uploader UsageIn this example the ISO uploader is run to list the available ISO storage domains. The username isnot provided on the command line so the tool instead prompts for it to be entered. Once the storagedomains have been listed, an ISO file is uploaded to one of them over NFS.

# rhevm-iso-uploader listPlease provide the REST API username for RHEV-M (CTRL+D to abort): [email protected] provide the REST API password for RHEV-M (CTRL+D to abort): ISO Storage Domain List: ISODomain# rhevm-iso-uploader --iso-domain=ISODomain upload RHEL6.isoPlease provide the REST API username for RHEV-M (CTRL+D to abort): [email protected] provide the REST API password for RHEV-M (CTRL+D to abort):

C.4. Log CollectorThe Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager installation includes a log collection tool. This allowsyou to easily collect relevant logs from across the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization environment whenrequesting support.

The log collection command is rhevm-log-collector. You must be logged in as the root userto run it successfully. You must provide the administration credentials for the Red Hat EnterpriseVirtualization environment on the command line. Full usage information, including a list of all validoptions for the command, is available by running the rhevm-log-collector -h command.

C.4.1. SyntaxThe basic syntax is of the form:


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Usage: rhevm-log-collector [options] list [all, clusters, datacenters] rhevm-log-collector [options] collect

The two supported modes of operation are list, and collect.

• The list parameter lists either the hosts, clusters, or data centers attached to the Red HatEnterprise Virtualization Manager. You are then able to filter log collection based on the listedobjects.

• The collect parameter performs log collection from the Red Hat Virtualization Manager. Thecollected logs are placed in an archive file under the /tmp/logcollector directory. The rhevm-log-collector command outputs the specific filename that it chose to use when log collection iscompleted.

The default action taken if no parameters are provided is to list available hosts along with the datacenter, and cluster, to which they belong. Where necessary the log collector will prompt you to enterusernames and passwords required to retrieve logs.

The rhevm-log-collector command has a large number of options. You can use these options tofurther refine the scope of log collection.

General Options--version

Displays the version number of the command in use, and exits immediately.

-h, --helpDisplays command usage information, and exits immediately.

--conf-file=PATHSets PATH as the configuration file the tool is to use.

--local-tmp=PATHSets PATH as the directory to which retrieved logs are to be saved. Default is /tmp/logcollector.

--ticket-number=TICKETSets TICKET as the ticket, or case number, to associate with the SOS report.

--upload=FTP_SERVERSets FTP_SERVER as the destination for retrieved logs to be sent using FTP. Do not use thisoption unless advised to by a Red Hat support representative.

--quietSets quiet mode, reducing console output to a minimum. This is off by default.

--log-file=PATHSets PATH as the log file the command should use for its own log output. Note that this is not to beconfused with the --local-tmp parameter.

-v, --verboseSets verbose mode, providing more console output. This is off by default.

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager OptionsThe options in the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager configuration group are used to specifythe manager authentication details and, filter log collection from one or more virtualization hosts. Note

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that it is possible to combine the options used to select the virtualization hosts, for example selectingall host in clusters A and B where the name of the host matches pattern SalesHost*.

--no-hypervisorsSets the option to skip collection of logs from the virtualization hosts.

-u USER, --user=USERSets the username to log in as to USER. This must be a username that exists in directory services,and is known to the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager. The user must be specified in theformat user@domain, where user is replaced by the username, and domain is replaced by thedirectory services domain in use.

-r FQDN, --rhevm=FQDNSets the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager to connect to as FQDN. FQDN must be replacedby the fully qualified domain name of the manager. By default it is assumed that the log collector isbeing run on the same machine as the manager. Therefore the default value for this parameter islocalhost.

-c CLUSTER, --cluster CLUSTERCollect all logs from the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager, as well as virtualizationhosts in the cluster named CLUSTER. The cluster(s) for inclusion must be specified in a commaseparated list of cluster names or match patterns.

-d DATACENTER, --data-center DATACENTERCollect all logs from the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager, as well as virtualization hostsin the data center named DATACENTER. The data center(s) for inclusion must be specified as acomma separated list of data center names or match patterns.

-H HOSTS_LIST, --hosts=HOSTS_LISTCollect all logs from the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager, as well as virtualization hostsincluded in HOSTS_LIST. The hosts for inclusion must be specified as a comma separated list ofhostnames, fully qualified domain names, or IP addresses. Match patterns for each type of valueare also valid.

SOS Report OptionsThe JBoss SOS plugin is always executed by log collector. To activate data collection from the JMXconsole the --java-home, --jboss-user, and jboss-pass parameters must also be provided.

--jboss-home=JBOSS_HOMEJBoss installation directory path. Default is /var/lib/jbossas.

--java-home=JAVA_HOMEJava installation directory path. Default is /usr/lib/jvm/java.

--jboss-profile=JBOSS_PROFILEQuoted and space separated list of server profiles. This is used to limit log collection to thespecified profiles. The default is 'rhevm-slimmed'.

--enable-jmxEnable the collection of run-time metrics from Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization's JBoss JMXinterface.

--jboss-user=JBOSS_USERJBoss JMX invoker user to be used with twiddle. Default is admin.


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--jboss-logsize=LOG_SIZEMaximum size for each log file retrieved, in MB.

--jboss-stdjar=STATESets collection of JAR statistics for JBoss standard JARs. Replace STATE with on, or off. Thedefault is on.

--jboss-servjar=STATESets collection of JAR statistics from any server configuration directories. Replace STATE with on,or off. The default is on.

--jboss-twiddle=STATESets collection of twiddle data on, or off. Twiddle is the JBoss tool used to collect data from theJMX invoker. Replace STATE with on, or off. The default is on.

--jboss-appxml=XML_LISTQuoted and space separated list of applications whose XML descriptions should be retrieved.Default is 'all'.

SSH Configuration--ssh-host=PORT

Sets PORT as the port to use for SSH connections with virtualization hosts.

-k KEYFILE, --key-file=KEYFILESets KEYFILE as the public SSH key to be used for accessing the virtualization hosts.

--max-connections=MAX_CONNECTIONSSets MAX_CONNECTIONS as the maximum concurrent SSH connections for logs from virtualizationhosts. The default is 10.

PostgreSQL Database OptionsThe log collector connects to the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager database and dumps it forinclusion in the log report if pg-pass is specified. The database username, and database name alsomust be specified if they were changed from the default values during installation.

Where the database is not on the local machine set the pg-dbhost, and optionally supply a pg-host-key, to collect remote logs. The PostgreSQL SOS plugin must be installed on the databaseserver for remote log collection to be successful.

--no-postgresqlDisables collection of database. Database collection is performed by default.

--pg-user=USERSets USER as the username to use for connections with the database server. The default ispostgres.

--pg-dbname=DBNAMESets DBNAME as the database name to use for connections with the database server. The defaultis rhevm.

--pg-dbhost=DBHOSTSets DBHOST as the hostname for the database server. The default is localhost.

--pg-host-key=KEYFILESets KEYFILE as the public identity file (private key) for the database server. This value is not setby default as it is not required where the database exists on the local host.

Examples

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C.4.2. Examples

Example C.10. Basic Log Collector UsageIn this example log collector is run to collect all logs from the Red Hat Enterprise VirtualizationManager and the three attached hosts. Additionally the database and JBoss logs are also collected.

# rhevm-log-collectorPlease provide the username for rhevm (CTRL+D to abort): [email protected] provide the password for rhevm (CTRL+D to abort): Host list (datacenter=None, cluster=None, host=None):Data Center | Cluster | Hostname/IP AddressSalesDataCenter | SalesCluster | 192.168.122.250EngineeringDataCenter | EngineeringCluster | 192.168.122.251FinanceDataCenter | FinanceCluster | 192.168.122.252# rhevm-log-collector collectPlease provide the username for rhevm (CTRL+D to abort): [email protected] provide the password for rhevm (CTRL+D to abort): About to collect information from 3 hypervisors. Continue? (Y/n): YINFO: Gathering information from selected hypervisors...INFO: collecting information from 192.168.122.250INFO: collecting information from 192.168.122.251INFO: collecting information from 192.168.122.252INFO: finished collecting information from 192.168.122.250INFO: finished collecting information from 192.168.122.251INFO: finished collecting information from 192.168.122.252Please provide the password to dump the PostgreSQL database (CTRL+D to abort): INFO: Gathering PostgreSQL the RHEV-M database and log files from localhost...INFO: Gathering RHEV-M information...Please provide the password for jboss (CTRL+D to abort): INFO: Log files have been collected and placed in /tmp/logcollector/sosreport-rhn-account-20110804121320-ce2a.tar.xz. The MD5 for this file is 6d741b78925998caff29020df2b2ce2a and its size is 26.7M

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Appendix D. Revision HistoryRevision 5-0 Tuesday November 22 2011 Stephen Gordon [email protected]

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization General Availability

Revision 4-0 Friday November 04 2011 Stephen Gordon [email protected] Hat Enterprise Virtualization External Beta 4

Revision 3-0 Thursday October 13 2011 Stephen Gordon [email protected] Hat Enterprise Virtualization External Beta 3

Revision 3-0 Monday August 22 2011 Stephen Gordon [email protected] Hat Enterprise Virtualization External Beta 2

Revision 2-0 Friday August 5 2011 Stephen Gordon [email protected] Hat Enterprise Virtualization External Beta 1

Revision 1-0 Wednesday December 152010

Stephen Gordon [email protected]

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