recombinants (formed by recombination) – offspring with a new combination of characteristics...
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• Recombinants (formed by recombination)– Offspring with a new combination of
characteristics different from their parent
• Recombinants of Linked genes– In order for recombination of linked genes to
occur, the genes must be “separated” by crossing over
– The closer genes are located to one another the less likely crossing over will “separate” them
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• Calculating recombination frequency– Add the total number of recombinants in each
class– Divided by the total number of offspring produced– Multiply by 100 (to get a %)– Map units = recombination frequency
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• Example– Zea Mays P1: Purple starchy corn (homozygous dominant) is
crossed with White and waxy (homozygous recessive)F1:Resulting offspring all Purple and starchy. This generation is allowed to self pollinateF2: 147 Purple starchy
65 Purple waxy 58 White starchy 133 white waxy
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• Which organisms in the F2 generation are recombinants?
• What is the expected ratio of offspring in the F2 generation if the genes are NOT linked?
• What is the recombination frequency of these 2 genes?
• Are these genes linked?
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• Which organisms in the F2 generation are recombinants? Purple/Waxy and white starchy
• What is the expected ratio of offspring in the F2 generation if the genes are NOT linked? 9:3:3:1
• What is the recombination frequency of these 2 genes? 123/403 = 31%
• Are these genes linked? Yes, recombination frequency is less than 50%
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Gene Map
• Recombination frequency = map units• EX. The following recombination frequencies
were found. Determine the order of these genes on the chromosome.
a—c 10% b—c 4% c—d20%
a—d 30% b—d 16%a—e 6% b—e 20%
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• Answer:
E A C B D
30%= 30 units (a-d)
6 (a-e)10 (a-c)
4 (b-c) 16 (b-d)20 (b-e)
20 (c-d)
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