recent & upcoming features in star-ccm+ for aerospace
TRANSCRIPT
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Recent & Upcoming Features in
STAR-CCM+ for
Aerospace Applications
Deryl Snyder, Ph.D.
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Introduction
Aerospace Applications Summary
New Capabilities for Aerospace
– Continuity Convergence Accelerator
– Overset Mesh
– Honorable Mentions
• Fluid Film Enhancements
• Turbulence Model Enhancements
Upcoming Aerospace Capabilities
Outline
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Classical / Semi-Empirical Methods
– Feasibility studies
– Bound the problem
– Perform initial sizing/trades
CFD
– Refined performance estimates
– Identify possible trouble areas and important
flow phenomena
– Determine interference/installation effects
– Down-select for wind tunnel testing
– Determine expected wind tunnel loads
(instrumentation selection)
Wind tunnel tests
– Final design selection
– Final aerodynamic performance
Typical Use of CFD in Aerodynamics
Expanding CFD in the design
process:
- Reduces the time and
money spent on wind
tunnel tests
- Provides insight to improve
the design
- Reduces the number of
design iterations
- Shortens the development
process
This necessitates:
- Faster turnaround times
(initial and subsequent
design modifications)
- Accurate physics modeling
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STAR-CCM+ Integrated Process
Native CAD Geometry
Geometry
Cleanup
Robust
Unstructured
Meshing
Advanced
Physics
Solution
Reduce overall CAD-to-solution
time while maintaining high-end
advanced physics
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Quality Meshes
– Polyhedral or Trim-Cell
– Proper surface & volume
refinements
– Quality prism layer regions
Proper Physics & Numerics
– Pressure & Density-based solvers
– RANS, DES, LES turbulence models
– Boundary layer transition models
– Multiple Physics
• Aeroacoustics
• Aerothermal / CHT
• Combustion
• Fluid-structure Interaction
Keys to Successful Simulations
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Introduction
Aerospace Applications Summary
New Capabilities for Aerospace
– Continuity Convergence Accelerator
– Overset Mesh
– Honorable Mentions
• Fluid Film Enhancements
• Turbulence Model Enhancements
Upcoming Aerospace Capabilities
Outline
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Aircraft Systems / Thermal
Management – Mechanical Systems
(APU’s, undercowling, etc.)
– Ice Protection
– Avionics / Electronics Systems
– Fuel systems
– Heat Exchangers
– Other Conjugate Heat Transfer
Aerospace Application Areas
Surface Wrapping
Robust Prism Layers
In-plane Conduction
Eulerian Multiphase
Lagrangian Multiphase
Liquid Film
Conjugate Heat Transfer
Automatic Imprinting
Fan Models
Ice Protection / Collection Efficiency Avionics Cooling
Engine Thermal Management
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Propulsion Systems – Pumps
– Rocket Motor, Ramjet, & Scramjet
– Compressors, Fans, Turbines
– Combustion, sprays, chemistry
– Inlets & nozzles
– Fuel systems, sloshing
Aerospace Application Areas
Automatic Conformal Meshes
Motion Models
Harmonic Balance
Gas, Particle, Surface Reactions
Erosion Models
Morphing Boundaries
Cartesian Trim-Cell Meshes
AUSM+ FVS
Continuity Convergence Accelerator
Turbomachinery
Supersonic Combustion Solid Rocket Motors
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Aerodynamics – Subsonic Through Hypersonic
– Aeroacoustics
– Store Release
– Stage Separation
– High-Lift Devices
– Plume Effects
Aerospace Application Areas
Polyhedral Mesh
Turbulence Models
Transition Models
Tightly-Coupled FSI
Mesh Morphing
Solution Mapping
GSI / Solution Driver
Overset Mesh
Mesh Adaptation
High-Speed Aerodynamics Fluid-Structure Interaction
High-Lift Aerodynamics
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Introduction
Aerospace Applications Summary
New Capabilities for Aerospace
– Continuity Convergence Accelerator
– Overset Mesh
– Honorable Mentions
• Fluid Film Enhancements
• Turbulence Model Enhancements
Upcoming Aerospace Capabilities
Outline
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High-Speed Flow Solution Approach
Density-Based
Coupled Solver
Proper numerical formulation
for high-speed flows
Robustness and convergence
at initial iterations
Automatic convergence
control
Faster convergence
Implicit Formulation
AUSM+ invisid flux scheme
MUSCL + Venkata limiter
Grid Sequencing
Initialization
Expert Solution
Driver
Continuity
Convergence
Accelerator
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Expert Option for the Density-Based Coupled Solver
– Sub-solver to accelerate mass conservation
• Solves an elliptic equation for pressure corrections
• Updates the cell pressures (w/underrelaxation)
• Corrects the face mass fluxes and
cell velocities
• Updates density, total enthalpy, etc.
appropriately
Improves convergence for
stiff problems
– Temperature-dependent gas
properties
– Mix of high/low Mach numbers
– Combustion
– Internal compressible flows
V7.06: Continuity Convergence Accelerator
Supersonic Combustion
Converges in < 1/10th iterations
See our paper/presentation at the
AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference,
24 - 27 June 2013, San Diego, CA
“Continuity Convergence Acceleration
of a Density-Based Coupled
Algorithm,” Caraeni et al.
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V7.06: Continuity Convergence Accelerator
Solid Rocket Motor / Nozzle
With CCA
Without CCA
• Freestream Mach = 0.6
• Pressure Ratio = 10.0
• TCombustion = 3000K
• Steady-State, SST k-w
turbulence model
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V7.06: Continuity Convergence Accelerator
Hypersonic Shock/Boundary Layer Interaction
• Freestream Mach = 5.0
• Steady-State, SST k-w turbulence model
• Iterations to fully develop separated region:
– No CCA: 12,500 iterations
– With CCA: 3,500 iterations
• With CCA, 67% reduction in wall-clock time
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V7.06: Continuity Convergence Accelerator
High-Pressure Bleed Line / Butterfly Valve
• Stagnation conditions provided at inlet
• Steady-State, SST k-w turbulence model
• Engineering items of interest
– Mass Flow Rate
– Outflow Total Pressure
• No CCA = 3500 iterations
• CCA = 1250 Iterations
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Introduction
Aerospace Applications Summary
New Capabilities for Aerospace
– Continuity Convergence Accelerator
– Overset Mesh
– Honorable Mentions
• Fluid Film Enhancements
• Turbulence Model Enhancements
Upcoming Aerospace Capabilities
Outline
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Aerospace Applications
– Parametric Studies
– Same bodies at different relative
positions / orientations
• Aerodynamic databases
– Bodies with complicated motion
pattern
• Control surface deflections
• Tube/Silo launches
• Transient stores separation
– Pylon / Weapons Bay
• Rotorcraft blades
Unique implementation
features in STAR-CCM+
Overset Mesh
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Advantages
– Complex geometries need not be broken down into simpler shapes
– Reduces number of interfaces / interpolations
– Any combination of mesh topologies (hex, tet, poly, etc.)
Arbitrary Unstructured Meshes
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Solution is computed on all grids simultaneously
Interpolation factors are included in the linear system(s)
Improved robustness
– Especially in regions of sharp gradients (shocks, plumes)
Improved convergence behavior
Implicit Grid Coupling
External Aero, Mach 0.7
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Automatic Grid Assembly / Hole-Cutting
– Robustness improvements with each release
– 8.02 includes ability to handle some
“orphan” cells
Loads Visualized in Real-Time
– Aerodynamic, Gravity, User-Specified, etc.
User Interaction
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Introduction
Aerospace Applications Summary
New Capabilities for Aerospace
– Continuity Convergence Accelerator
– Overset mesh
– Honorable Mentions
• Fluid Film Enhancements
• Turbulence Model Enhancements
Upcoming Aerospace Capabilities
Outline
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Fluid film melting/solidification/evaporation models
Fluid film compatible with the Coupled Solver
Fluid film compatible with MRF moving reference frames
Fluid Film Enhancements
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Curvature correction terms added to k-w models (baseline & SST)
Improves accuracy for flows with significant streamline
curvature:
– Separated flows
– Cavity flows
– Flows with strong swirl
More efficient and robust than DRSM approach
Turbulence: Curvature Correction
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Introduction
Aerospace Applications Summary
New Capabilities for Aerospace
– Continuity Convergence Accelerator
– Overset mesh
– Honorable Mentions
• Fluid Film Enhancements
• Turbulence Model Enhancements
Upcoming Aerospace Capabilities
Outline
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Altitude-based freestream boundary conditions
– Altitude & Mach Number
– Altitude & Reynolds Number
Upcoming
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Virtual Blade Model
– Model rotors / propellers via momentum source disks
– Has been available as a JAVA macro for some time
Blade Element Method
– Requires blade-level information
• # of blades, chord, twist, airfoil section data, etc.
• Trimmable
Body Force Propeller Method
– Requires disk-level information
(i.e. performance curves as a
function of advance ratio)
– h, KT, KA = f(J)
Upcoming
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Overset: Multiple Overlapping Grids
– Same setup approach:
additional overset interface
between foreground regions
– New, more robust hole-
cutting algorithm
Upcoming
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Ice Accretion with Build-Up Geometries
– Utilizes fluid film melting and solidification
– Morpher distorts mesh to capture ice shape
Supplementary Capabilities Development Ongoing
– Film + Eulerian Multiphase
– Specialized Eulerian Multiphase
– Interface with Lewice3D
Upcoming
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STAR-CCM+ provides a unique integrated CAD-to-solution
process that significantly reduces pre-processing time, but
maintains high-fidelity physics models
Wide range of Aerospace Industry applications
– Aircraft Systems
– Propulsion
– Aerodynamics
New features improve productivity and accuracy
– Overset mesh with coupled 6DOF solver (V7)
– Continuity Convergence Accelerator (V7)
– Fluid Film Enhancements (V8)
– Turbulence Models: Curvature Correction (V8)
Continued improvements to capabilities and interface for
aerospace applications
Summary
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