RECENT ADMINISTRATIONS

Gerald Ford

Only President never to be elected Pardons former President Nixon Inflation was out of control

◦Inflation is the rise of prices◦Led to worst recession since Great Depression

Middle East stopped selling oil to the U.S.◦U.S. got 1/3 of its oil from Middle East◦From 1970 – 1980 OPEC raised the price

of a barrel of oil from $2.00 to over $30.

Gerald Ford

Jimmy Carter

Jimmy Carter – Domestic Affairs

• Cabinet• Tried to pass a high sales

tax of gas guzzling cars

Three Mile Island• Nuclear reactor began to

break down b/c the cooling system failed

Combination of high inflation, high unemployment, and very little production

Causes Increased oil prices Higher social security payments Defense spending Increase in unemployment Trade deficit was growing

Stagflation

Overseas

Decline of Labor Unions

Equal Rights Amendment came up 3 states short for ratification

A defeat for women

Equal Rights Amendment

Most came from Latin America (Mexico) and Southeast Asia

Castro let Cubans freely come to U.S.

Immigration

Sunbelt Shift in movement of the population to

the Southeast & Southwest U.S.

Population Shift

Jimmy CarterForeign Policies

U.S. agrees to turn over all of the Canal Zone to Panama except for certain military & naval installations

U.S. will keep control of the canal until Dec. 31, 1999

U.S. retains right to defend neutrality of the canal

Panama Canal

Limit offensive weapons production

SALT II

Détente ends when Soviets invade Afghanisgtan

Referred to as the “Soviet’s Vietnam War” U.S. boycotts 1980 Moscow Summer

Olympics

Soviets Invade Afghanistan

Peace agreement between Egypt & Israel Ended 30 years of war

◦ PLO – Palestinian Liberation Organization did not like treaty

He wins the Nobel Peace Prize for this

Camp David Accords

Shiite Muslim leader, Ayatollah Khomeini overthrew the U.S. backed monarchy in Iran

1979, armed students seized U.S. Embassy and take 52 hostages

Carter froze all Iranian assets in the U.S. Hostages held captive for 444 days Released 33 minutes after Reagan is

elected

Iranian Revolution

Ronald Reagan

A Political Action Group (PAC) Evangelical & fundamentalist Protestants

who accepted Jesus personally, interpreted the Bible literally, & believed in absolute moralism

Wanted prayer & teaching of creationism in public schools, opposed the ERA, homosexual rights & abortion

Moral Majority

Cut taxes Deregulate the economy Reduce spending for social programs Increase defense spending

Reaganomics / Supply-side Economics

Supply-side Economics Promote economic growth by encouraging

businesses to increase the supply of goods and services

Went more to a laissez-faire approach

Tax Cuts & Deregulation

10% cut in government spending on social programs

Cuts fell heavily on households with incomes under $10,000.

Spending Cuts

A defensive system that would make Americans safe from enemy missiles

Strategic Defense Initiative

Mikhail Gorbachev became the leader of the USSR◦Encouraged glasnost (openness) &

perestroika (economic restructuring)

American-Soviet Relations

Sandinistas – socialist rebel group in Nicaragua

Contras – group of right-wing rebels

Iran-Contra Affair

Middle class move out of cities More poor & racial minorities inhabit cities Slums grew larger Increase in street crime and drug use

Urban Crisis Develops

Acquired Immune Deficiency

AIDS

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KwLlzUSOW_E

Space

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DdETXRvFaew

George H.W. Bush

“America 2000” Wanted national achievement tests

Education

Issued a “War on Drugs”

Drugs

Environmenthttp://www.history.com/topics/us-states/alaska/videos/history-exxon-valdez-oil-spill

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tWhYmb1sANM

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TKQIeSq4FK4http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bkn0P6oLoj4

Urban ViolenceCNN Documentary

Manuel NoreigaThe 1989 invasion of Panama by the United States removed him from power; he was captured, detained as a prisoner of war, and flown to the United States. Noriega was tried on eight counts of drug trafficking, racketeering, and money laundering in April 1992. Noriega's U.S. prison sentence ended in September 2007; pending the outcome of extradition requests by both Panama and France. France was granted its extradition request in April 2010, and the former dictator arrived in Paris on April 27, 2010

USSR

COLD WAR

Operation Desert Storm◦A 1991 military operation in which UN

forces, led by the U.S., drove Iraqi invaders from Kuwait

Persian Gulf War

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W8gE_WKl8Dg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bhrtL_XVv3s

William Jefferson Clinton

1993-2001

Guarantees workers up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave for medical emergencies and births

Family Leave Act

Brady Law Established a 5-day waiting period for the

purchase of handguns Banned 19 different kinds of military assault

weapons

Anti-Crime

Hillary Rodham Clinton tried to get a form of national health care established in the U.S.

Health Care Reform

Balanced the federal budget by 2002 Reformed Welfare Columbine High School Shooting (15 dead)

◦ Led to…1. School security2. Gun control 3. Bullying4. Goth subculture5. Video games

1993 World Trade Center bombings

Other Notables

1995 Oklahoma City bombing 9 (Tim McVeigh)

Put troops in Haiti, Bosnia, and Somalia

http://www.cbsnews.com/news/okc-bombing-15-years-later-are-we-safer/ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NWwrEEP8EBk

First operation in Europe for the U.S. since WWII.

North American Free Trade Agreement Pact between U.S., Canada, and Mexico

designed to gradually eliminate trade and investment barriers among the 3 nations.

NAFTA

Accused of improperly using money from a land deal with the Whitewater Development Company to fund his 1984 gubernatorial reelection campaign

Also lied under oath about having sex with Monica Lewinski

Clinton Impeached

http://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2014/may/07/monica-lewinsky-bill-clinton-affair-video

Power of Main Stream Media

https://screen.yahoo.com/gore-bush-first-debate-000000075.html

Election Coverage (TV)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cdc6eN6fqO0

https://screen.yahoo.com/snl-president-skits/clinton-farewell-cold-open-000000530.html

George W. Bush

9/11 & War in Afghanistan

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PjQFA7COMsU

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nh28XcnpzX4

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UVhhu5OjMf8

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8tgQ75GxAZk

U.S. & England claimed Iraq possessed WMD’s (weapons of mass destruction)

Saddam Hussein executed 4,487 U.S. military killed

War in Iraq (2003 – 2011)

Established prison for terror suspects in Guantanamo Bay

US Patriot Act Established Department of Homeland

Security Central American Free Trade Agreement

Other foreign actions

Education◦ No Child Left Behind

Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 Hurricane Katrina

Domestic Policies

Barack Obama

44th President of the U.S. Osama Bin Laden killed School violence (leads to more gun

control Obamacare

◦ National health insurance