real-time and complexity problems in automata theoryby jiří bečvář

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Real-Time and Complexity Problems in Automata Theory by Jiří Bečvář Review by: Stephen A. Cook The Journal of Symbolic Logic, Vol. 36, No. 2 (Jun., 1971), p. 346 Published by: Association for Symbolic Logic Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2270318 . Accessed: 12/06/2014 21:00 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. . Association for Symbolic Logic is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Journal of Symbolic Logic. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 91.229.229.177 on Thu, 12 Jun 2014 21:00:38 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

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Real-Time and Complexity Problems in Automata Theory by Jiří BečvářReview by: Stephen A. CookThe Journal of Symbolic Logic, Vol. 36, No. 2 (Jun., 1971), p. 346Published by: Association for Symbolic LogicStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2270318 .

Accessed: 12/06/2014 21:00

Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

.JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range ofcontent in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new formsof scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].

.

Association for Symbolic Logic is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to TheJournal of Symbolic Logic.

http://www.jstor.org

This content downloaded from 91.229.229.177 on Thu, 12 Jun 2014 21:00:38 PMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

346 REVIEWS

Chapter 2, there are no formal proofs of theorems in the book. Examples and exercises partly compensate for this lack, but as a result the text sometimes takes on a rather schematic form.

JIf BEWVA

ZDENEK ZASTAJVKA. Ob algorifmah s elementami pamdti (Oiber Algorithmen mit Speicher- elementen). Russisch mit Zusammenfassungen auf Russisch und Tschechoslowakisch. Kybernetika (Prag), Band 4 (1968), S. 201-225.

In dieser Arbeit wird das 1959 von Kaloujnine gestellte Problem (XXVII 363) aufgegriffen, Flufdiagramme durch Verwendung von Speicherelementen praktikabler zu gestalten. Es werden Graphschemata definiert, in denen auBer den uiblichen Operations- und Priifnoten, die mit rekursiven Wortfunktionen belegt werden, sogenannte Speicherknoten vorkommen konnen. Speicherknoten konnen zwei Arten von Ein- bzw. Ausgangen besitzen, gewohnliche undsogenanntenon-Ein- bzw. Ausgange. Jedem Eingang ist eine numerierte endliche Menge von Ausgangen zugeordnet. Ein durch einen gewohnlichen Eingang einlaufendes Wort P andert den bereits vorhandenen Inhalt S des Speichers in SP ab, ein durch einen non-Eingang einlaufendes Wort loscht den Speicherinhalt. Sind einem Eingang n gew6hnliche Ausginge zugeordnet, so bewirkt die i-te Eingabe (1 _ i _ n) durch diesen Eingang ein Abflie~en des Speicherinhalts (der dabei fur 1 _ i < n erhalten bleibt und bei i = n gel6scht wird) durch den i-ten Ausgang. Liegt einem Eingang ein non-Ausgang gegenuber, so bewirkt jede Eingabe durch diesen Eingang die Ausgabe des leeren Wortes durch den entsprechenden Ausgang.

Durch die Einbeziehung derartiger Speicherknoten konnen Verknuipfung, Komposition, Verzweigung, Wiederholung usw. von Algorithmen sehr elegant realisiert werden. Allgemein wird die Belegung eines solchen Graphschemas mit normalen (Markowschen) Algorithmen als Quasikomposition dieser Algorithmen bezeichnet. Es wird bewiesen, daB die Quasikomposition nicht aus dem Bereich der normalisierbaren Algorithmen herausfifhrt. P. SCHREBER

M. GROSS and A. LENTIN. Introduction toformal grammars. English translation of XXXIV 298 by M. Salkoff. Springer-Verlag, New York, Heidelberg, and Berlin, 1970, XI + 231 pp.

NoAM CHOMSKY. Preface. Therein, pp. VII-IX. This text is a useful introduction to algebraic linguistics. The style is clear and intuitive and

sufficiently rigorous for its intended purpose. In the preface Chomsky relates algebraic linguistics to the traditional study of universal grammar; both areas of study are investigations of the formal properties of natural languages in general, with the aim of understanding what languages are possible human languages. For a summary of the contents of the book see the review of the original French edition. ANN S. FEREBEE

Jul BE&VA. Real-time and complexity problems in automata theory. English with Czech summary. Kybernetika (Prague), vol. 1 (1965), pp. 475-498.

The paper contains a summary of some of the literature on computational complexity up to 1965. The emphasis is on real-time computation; that is, computation by machines which produce outputs as fast as they receive inputs. Several variants of Turing machines are compared as real-time computers, and examples are given of languages which can and cannot be recognized in real time. It is argued that classical single-tape Turing machines are more "realistic" than multitape machines for modeling real-time computation. STEPHEN A. COOK

J. MCCARTHY. Towards a mathematical science of computation. Information processing 1962, Proceedings of IFIP Congress 62, organized by the International Federationfor Information Processing, Munich, 27 August-1 September 1962, edited by Cicely M. Popplewell, North- Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam 1963, pp. 21-28.

JOHN MCCARTHY. Problems in the theory of computation. Information processing 1965, Proceedings of IFMP Congress 65, organized by the International Federation for Information Processing, New York City, May 24-29,1965, Volume I, edited by Wayne A. Kalenich, Spartan Books, Inc., Washington, D.C., and Macmillan and Co., Ltd., London, 1965, pp. 219-222.

The technical discussion in the first paper begins with a summary of the material in XXXIII 117(3). This review assumes that the reader is familiar with the reviews XXXIII 117(2) and (3).

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