reagan to the present. family values & social concerns reagan’s commitment to conservative...
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REAGAN TO THE PRESENT
FAMILY VALUES & SOCIAL CONCERNS Reagan’s commitment to conservative values
& cuts to social programs contributed to growing problems in the 1980s:
America saw increases in school
dropout rates, homelessness,
attacks on affirmative action,
& urban & minority poverty
1983 exposé on American
education
FAMILY VALUES & SOCIAL CONCERNS Reagan’s commitment to conservative values
& cuts to social programs contributed to growing problems in the 1980s:
The 1st documented cases of AIDS were reported, but the
Reagan administration did not move swiftly because the disease was among gay men
HIV/AIDS STATISTICS, 1981-2007The 1st AIDS cases were among gay men in San Francisco & NY in 1981
FAMILY VALUES & SOCIAL CONCERNS Reagan’s commitment to conservative values
& cuts to social programs contributed to growing problems in the 1980s:
Crack cocaine was 1st introduced in the 1980s
The “crack epidemic” led Reagan to begin a “War on Drugs” & the
“Just Say No” campaign
THE ELECTION OF 1984Despite the social problems, Reagan was
popular among voters by the election of 1984
Ronald Reagan & VP George Bush
Walter Mondale & VP Geraldine Ferraro
Reagan’s victory in 1984 was powered by a “conservative coalition” of voters, including
many “Reagan Democrats” (voted for Reagan for president but Democrats for other offices)
WINNING THE COLD WARBy the late 1980s,
communism was failing across Eastern Europe
In 1989, East Germans denounced communism & the Berlin Wall came down In 1989 & 1990, Eastern European
nations embraced democracy
In 1990, states within the Soviet Union broke
off & formed new democratic nations;
In 1991, the USSR dissolved & the Cold War ended
GEORGE BUSHVP George Bush won
the presidential election of 1988 by promising to
maintain Reagan’s conservative policies
The defining event of the Bush years was the Persian Gulf War against
Saddam Hussein & Iraq from 1990-1991
Operation Desert Storm
Operation Desert Shield
CONCLUSIONS•Reagan’s conservative policies & strong
foreign policy changed America: •Reagan ended stagflation, restored the
military, renewed family values, & won the Cold War
•But, Reagan’s policies reduced assistance programs, ignored social problems, & tripled the national debt
THE ELECTION OF 1992In the 1992 election, George Bush lost
to Arkansas governor Bill Clinton
The Presidency of Bill Clinton Clinton defined himself a “new Democrat” by embracing both liberal & conservative policies
Clinton proposed a plan to guarantee
affordable health care for all Americans
Republicans in Congress defeated Clinton’s “big
gov’t” health care reform
The Presidency of Bill Clinton Clinton defined himself a “new Democrat” by embracing both liberal & conservative policiesClinton worked with
Republicans to reform the welfare system The law put limits on
how long people could receive benefits & allowed states to
decide how welfare money would be spent
The Presidency of Bill Clinton Clinton defined himself a “new Democrat” by embracing both liberal & conservative policiesClinton worked with Congress to reduce the
federal deficit & balance the
federal budget
In 1997, Clinton cut gov’t spending
& lowered taxes
For the 1st time in 30 years, the gov’t had a surplus which Clinton used to pay down the nation’s debt
Dow Jones Industrial Average, 1901-2010
Clinton’s deficit reduction coincided with a boom in the technology industry; This led to the longest sustained era of economic growth in U.S. history
“CONTRACT WITH AMERICA”Many of Clinton’s
conservative policies were in response to Republican
control of Congress
In 1994, Republicans took control of the
House of Representatives for the 1st time since 1954
& named Georgia Congressman Newt Gingrich
as Speaker of the House
“CONTRACT WITH AMERICA”Gingrich pushed for a
“Contract with America” that would have created a
balanced budget amendment, tax cuts, welfare reform, &
tougher crime laws The clash between
Clinton & Gingrich led to a gov’t shut down in 1995Clinton used the rivalry with Republicans to win
re-election in 1996
FOREIGN POLICYClinton signed
the North American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA) which reduced trade barriers among USA, Mexico, &
Canada
CRITICISMS OF NAFTA?
FOREIGN POLICY
During his presidency, Clinton committed
U.S. troops to peacekeeping efforts
From 1995 to 1999, U.S. troops were sent
to Bosnia to stop ethnic cleansing by
Serbs & to Kosovo to stop a civil war
From 1993-1995, U.S. troops were sent
to Somalia to offer food & restore order
to civil war
CRIME & TERRORISM During the Clinton
years, America experienced new waves of violence
Race riots hit Los Angeles in 1992 when 4 white police
officers were acquitted of police brutality charges in
the Rodney King case
CRIME & TERRORISM During the Clinton
years, America experienced new waves of violence In 1995, Gulf War veteran Timothy
McVeigh detonated a bomb that
destroyed a federal building in
Oklahoma City, killing 168 people
CRIME & TERRORISM During the Clinton
years, America experienced new waves of violence
In 1999, 2 students opened fire at
Columbine High School in Colorado, killing 13 people &
wounding 23 others
CRIME & TERRORISM During the Clinton
years, America experienced new waves of violence
After the Persian Gulf War, Osama bin Laden
formed al-Qaeda & began terrorist attacks
on the USAEmbassy bombings in Tanzania & Kenya & attack on USS Cole
Bombing of the World Trade Center in 1993
SCANDALS & IMPEACHMENTWhile president, Clinton faced numerous scandals
While still governor of Arkansas, Clinton was
connected to an improper land deal (Whitewater
scandal) Clinton was accused of
numerous sexual affairs, including White House intern Monica Lewinsky
SCANDALS & IMPEACHMENTWhile president, Clinton faced numerous scandals
When Clinton lied under oath about his relationship with Monica Lewinsky, Republicans in Congress voted to impeach him.
He was charged with lying under oath to a federal grand jury and obstructing justice
Clinton became only the 2nd president to be impeached, but he was not removed from office
AMERICA BY 2000•By the late 1990s, the U.S. was changing•The economic boom was slowing down & the “tech bubble” was about to burst
•Party politics was increasingly hostile, especially after the Republican-led impeachment of Clinton
•New terrorist attacks threatened American safety at home & abroad
THE ELECTION OF 2000The election of 2000 was one of the closest
& most controversial elections in U.S. history Republicans nominated
conservative Texas governor George
W Bush
Democrats nominated
Clinton’s Vice President
Al Gore
Consumer & environmental advocate Ralph Nader ran as an
independent
THE ELECTION OF 2000
The election was so close that which ever candidate
won Florida would gain enough
electoral votes to win the presidency
THE ELECTION OF 2000
But, determining which candidate
won in Florida was contested due to
voting irregularities
The state supreme court ordered a
recount of ballots in some districts
THE PRESIDENCY OF GEORGE BUSH
In his first year, Bush worked with
Congress to:
Create a 1.35 trillion dollar tax cut
Reform education through the No Child
Left Behind Act
SEPTEMBER 11, 2001Everything changed on
September 11, 2001 when an al-Qaeda
terrorist plot led to the hijacking of 4 airplanes & attacks on the
World Trade Center & the Pentagon
After 9/11, President Bush declared a
“War on Terrorism”
•
THE WAR ON TERRORISMDomestic changes in response to 9/11
Foreign policy in response to 9/11
al Qaeda terrorists
Taliban government Iran, Iraq, & North Korea form an “Axis of Evil”
BARACK OBAMA & THE ELECTION OF 2008
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TR-sn2vzmFQ
The election of 2008 was a historic
moment in U.S. history as Barack
Obama became the first African American
elected president
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dNo8u95NCQU
But, the president faces serious foreign &
domestic challenges
GOVERNMENT REVENUE (FY2009)
Income CategoryTotal
(Billions)Percent
Individual Income Taxes 915 44%
Corporate Income Taxes 138 7%
Social Insurance Taxes & Contributions
891 42%
Other Taxes 161 7%
Total 2,105
GOVERNMENT REVENUES VS. OUTLAYS • Where does the federal gov’t get its money & how does the gov’t spend it?
• The “Spending Board” lists the nine major programs on which the federal gov’t
spends money •Working with a partner, guess what
percent each of the 9 categories makes up of the total gov’t spending
•Also, take a guess as to how much total money the U.S. gov’t spent in 2009
GOVERNMENT SPENDING (FY2009)
Spending Category Total (Billions) Percent
Defense 663 19%
Education 78 2%
Interest on debt 191 6%
Foreign Aid 37 1%
Social Security 683 19%
Welfare & Income Security 534 15%
Health 764 22%
Other 526 15%
Environmental Protection 46 1%Total 3,522
THE 2009 DEFICIT
Gov’t Outlays (Spending) — $3.5 trillion
Gov’t Revenue (Income) $2.1 trillion
Gov’t Deficit = $1.4 trillion
The federal deficit in 2009 was $1.4 trillion
As of 2010, the National Debt is $12.9 trillion
WHAT IS A TRILLION DOLLARS?
A packet of one hundred $100 bills is less than 1/2″ thick and contains
$10,000. Fits in your pocket easily and is more than enough for week or
two of shamefully decadent fun.
Believe it or not, this next little pile is $1 million dollars (100 packets of $10,000). You could stuff that into a grocery bag and walk around with it.
While a measly $1 million looked a little unimpressive, $100 million is a little more respectable. It fits
neatly on a standard pallet…
And $1 BILLION dollars… now we’re really getting somewhere…
Next we’ll look at one trillion dollars. This is that number we’ve been hearing so much
about. What is a trillion dollars? It’s a million million. It’s a thousand billion.
It’s a one followed by 12 zeros.
CLASS DISCUSSION:WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES OF AN INCREASING FEDERAL DEFICIT?
