READING COMPREHENSION

GROUP PRESENTATION ON:

SUBMITTED TO :

MR.PARVEEN KUMAR

SUBMITTED BY :

PRIYA BANERJEE ( A2324612003 )

ANAMIKA MANNA ( A2324612076 )

SHARON ELIZABETH KOSHY ( A2324612009 )

INTRODUCTIONReading is to construct meaning from text. Read for meaning andunderstanding . Reading is an art form and good readers do certainthings that get them the meaning that the process is designed to extract.

Enhancing comprehension

• Begin with what is already known.• Always try to make sense of what is read.• Ask questions; before, during and after reading.• Predict and think about what will happen next in the text, or how

questions will be answered.• Read with a purpose to understand.• Know that as a good reader, often REREAD parts of, or even, the whole

text two or more times in order to make sense of what is being read.

SQ4R• This method engages the reader during each phase of the reading process• Readers preview the text material to develop predictions and set a purpose for

reading by generating QUESTIONS (Q) about the topic.• They monitor their comprehension as they summarize WRITE (2R) & RECITE

(3R).

MAIN COMPONENTS OF SQ4R :-

Place the reading in CONTEXT. What is the passage about and ask yourself “Do I have any prior knowledge about the topic?”

• SURVEYING AND SYSTEMATIC READING will put these questions into motion.

• Ask question about what is not known.• Make simple and general questions if you don’t have any prior knowledge.• These questions GUIDE YOUR SPEED AND COMPREHENSION as you attempt

to answer them.

STUDY STRATEGY FOR SQ4R

1.SURVEY • Title, topic sentence in each paragraph, and introductory paragraph(s).• Headings, subheadings, and italicized words.• Summary at the end of the chapter.

2.QUESTION• Anticipate test questions.• Turn each heading and subtitle into a question.• Who? What? When? Where? Why? How?• Restate the objectives from headings to help fix them in your mind.

3. READ• Create meaningful organization.• Read only the material covered under one heading or subheading at a time.• Read ideas, not just words.• Read aggressively, to get answers, to note supporting details, and to remember.

4. RECORD• Reread or skim to locate and prove major points.• Outline key terms and ideas.• Always read/question/recite before marking or taking down notes.• Verify notes/answers against the text.

5. RECITE• Look away from the book and "recite" (out loud) the major concepts of the section.• Answer questions raised before the reading process in detail.• Recall the answer and do not refer to the book.

6. REVIEW• Find personal applications.• Look over notes, headings and subheadings in the text to get an overall view of the main

points• Recall sub points under each main point.• Aim to do an immediate review and later review. • Periodically test yourself to see how much you remember. Don't put off review until the

night before the test.

PQRST

Reading method where the read information gets stored in our long term memory. Based on the works of THOMAS & H.A. HOBINSON , SPACHE & BERG and R.P.

ROBINSON. Improves reader’s understanding, recalling abilities etc.

The method involves five steps:

1. Preview - ( starting of the chapter)

2. Question

3. Read

4. Summarize

5. Test - ( chapter end )

- ( required for each section )

STUDY STRATEGIES :

1. PREVIEW :• skim through the entire chapter to know / get gist of what we are going to cover/ study • done by reading the introduction, headings involved, section introductions, checking

figures, etc.• followed by summary reading

2. QUESTION :• self questioning ; For example : “ what am I supposed to learn in this section ? “• helps the brain to get in sync with the discussed topics

3. READ :• going through / read the chapters carefully• understanding or finding the meanings of difficult words• relating to other pre-read matters/ chapters or similar topics• highlighting / underlining key sentences

4. SUMMARIZE :• taking notes after complete study of the chapter• short writing based the studied chapter• summing up the information gathered• thinking about main ideas that we learnt• check back the missing texts

5. TEST :• identical to the process of reviewing• read / go through the summary / notes prepared• thinking about the relevance and fitting it together of what you learnt• reread the each section summary• self recitation

The SQ3R Method

SQ3R is a reading strategy formed from its letters:Survey! Question! Read! Recite! Review!

Survey• The title, headings, and subheadings• Captions under pictures, charts, graphs or maps• Review questions or teacher-made study guides• Summary

Question• Turn the title, headings, and/or subheadings into questions

• Read questions at the end of the chapters or after each subheading

• Question yourself on prior knowledge

• Question yourself on the possible explanation of the passage

Read• Look for answers to the questions raised earlier

• Note all the underlined, italicized, bold printed words or phrases

• Reduce your speed for difficult passages

• Stop and reread parts which are not clear

• Read only a section at a time and recite after each section

Recite• Orally ask yourself questions about what was just read, or summarize it in your

own words

• Take notes from the text but write the information in own words

• Underline or highlight the important points

• More the number of senses involved, chances of memorizing improve:Triple strength learning: Seeing, saying, hearingQuadruple strength learning: Seeing, saying, hearing, writing!!!

Review• Reread the document or your notes so as to understand all of the information.• Discuss the material with someone. • Finally, schedule regular reviews of the material to keep it fresh in mind.

Conclusion Reading plays an important role in every aspect of our lives,

especially in academics Understanding what we read plays the most important role

in increasing knowledge.However, this is a continual process.

Knowing is not enough; we must apply. Willing is not enough; we must do.

Johann Wolfgang von GoetheWe are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, therefore, is

not an act but a habit.Aristotle