reading and writing about literature applying critical thinking skills
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Reading and Writing Reading and Writing about Literatureabout Literature
Applying critical thinking skillsApplying critical thinking skills
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Reading LiteratureReading Literature
Pleasure/Entertainment (passive)Pleasure/Entertainment (passive)
Enlightenment/Education Enlightenment/Education (active)(active)
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Active ReadingActive Reading
Previewing (get the general idea)Previewing (get the general idea)– 11stst reading for meaning reading for meaning– Examine physical characteristics of Examine physical characteristics of
structure, wording, dialogue, etc.structure, wording, dialogue, etc.– Consider Title for symbolism or clues Consider Title for symbolism or clues – Observe general contentObserve general content
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Active ReadingActive Reading
HighlightingHighlighting– 22ndnd reading for closer analysis reading for closer analysis– Did you miss anything?Did you miss anything?– Vocabulary??Vocabulary??– Identify key detailsIdentify key details– Note relationshipsNote relationships– Further thinking?Further thinking?
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Active ReadingActive Reading
AnnotatingAnnotating– 33rdrd Reading for synthesis and evaluation Reading for synthesis and evaluation– Record your reactionsRecord your reactions– Identify allusions, patterns, imageryIdentify allusions, patterns, imagery– Complete Prewriting Strategies for Complete Prewriting Strategies for
LiteratureLiterature
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Prewriting Strategies for Prewriting Strategies for LiteratureLiterature
Plot SummaryPlot Summary– ““retell” the material in your own words retell” the material in your own words
using literary vocabularyusing literary vocabulary
This story begins with…The This story begins with…The Protagonist is…The Antagonist is…Protagonist is…The Antagonist is…First the protagonist….then he…First the protagonist….then he…afterwards the antagonist…and afterwards the antagonist…and then…the major conflict seems to then…the major conflict seems to be…and the climax is when…then be…and the climax is when…then the story ends with…the story ends with…
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Prewriting Strategies for Prewriting Strategies for LiteratureLiterature
Plot Structure AnalysisPlot Structure Analysis– Identify the narrative phases for greater Identify the narrative phases for greater
understanding of minor incidences and understanding of minor incidences and major eventsmajor events Rising Action/Falling ActionRising Action/Falling Action
ExpositionExposition ComplicationComplication
CrisisCrisis ClimaxClimax
ResolutionResolution
ConclusionConclusion
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Prewriting Strategies for Prewriting Strategies for LiteratureLiterature
Scrutiny of SettingScrutiny of Setting– Organize details and associationsOrganize details and associations
Time Period: social, technological, historicalTime Period: social, technological, historical Place/Environment: geographical, physical, Place/Environment: geographical, physical,
general to specificgeneral to specific Props: general objects to personal Props: general objects to personal
belongingsbelongings Appearance: clothing or physical attributes Appearance: clothing or physical attributes
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Prewriting Strategies for Prewriting Strategies for LiteratureLiterature
List of CharactersList of Characters– Minor: who, why, traits, impact on story, Minor: who, why, traits, impact on story,
knowledge gained, character labelsknowledge gained, character labels– Major: who, why, traits, impact on story, Major: who, why, traits, impact on story,
knowledge gained, character labelsknowledge gained, character labels
Character LabelsCharacter Labels
ProtagonistProtagonist AntagonistAntagonistFoilFoilHeroHero Anti-HeroAnti-HeroDynamicDynamic StaticStatic
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Prewriting Strategies for Prewriting Strategies for LiteratureLiterature
In-Depth Character InvestigationIn-Depth Character Investigation– Consider impressions and search for Consider impressions and search for
textual references to supporttextual references to support
Character’s NameCharacter’s NameImpressionsImpressions EvidenceEvidence
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Prewriting Strategies for Prewriting Strategies for LiteratureLiterature
Symbol SearchSymbol Search– List objects, animals, actions, or List objects, animals, actions, or
characters having own identity as well characters having own identity as well as indicating another idea or meaning as indicating another idea or meaning
Item Meaning
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Prewriting Strategies for Prewriting Strategies for LiteratureLiterature
Consideration of ThemeConsideration of Theme– Central controlling ideaCentral controlling idea– Dominant messageDominant message– Universal philosophy/observationUniversal philosophy/observation
Recurring conceptsArchetypes
Motifs Metaphors
Irony Satire
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Writing about LiteratureWriting about Literature
Planning StagePlanning Stage– Read selectionRead selection– Complete Prewriting ActivitiesComplete Prewriting Activities– Determine a purposeDetermine a purpose– Analyze an audienceAnalyze an audience
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Writing about LiteratureWriting about Literature
Drafting StageDrafting Stage– Develop ideasDevelop ideas– Organize materialOrganize material– Document sourcesDocument sources
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Writing about LiteratureWriting about Literature
Revision StageRevision Stage– Qualities of effective writingQualities of effective writing– Major IlliteraciesMajor Illiteracies– Sentence varietySentence variety– Word choiceWord choice– Quotation selection Quotation selection – Manuscript Format Manuscript Format – ProofreadingProofreading
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Reasons for WritingReasons for Writing
Determine Your PurposeDetermine Your Purpose– Writing to RespondWriting to Respond– Writing to InterpretWriting to Interpret– Writing to AnalyzeWriting to Analyze
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Reasons for WritingReasons for Writing
Writing to interpretWriting to interpret– Theme as revealed by major elementsTheme as revealed by major elements
PlotPlot SettingSetting CharacterCharacter SymbolismSymbolism
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Reasons for WritingReasons for Writing
Writing to AnalyzeWriting to Analyze– Examine a single elementExamine a single element– Compare two or more worksCompare two or more works– Compare elements of two or more worksCompare elements of two or more works– Apply critical theory Apply critical theory – Trace a common themeTrace a common theme– Consider historical, social, philosophical Consider historical, social, philosophical
influencesinfluences
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Reading and Writing Reading and Writing about Literature = Brain about Literature = Brain
Power!Power!