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Page 1: The United States Constitution...THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

The

Uni

ted

Stat

es

Cons

titut

ion

Timeli

ne Ca

rds

Page 2: The United States Constitution...THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

Subj

ect M

atte

r Exp

erts

James

S. Tod

d [Ph

.D., U

nivers

ity of

Virgi

nia (G

overn

ment)

; J.D.,

Unive

rsity

of Ge

orgia]

Tony

Willi

ams, S

enior

Teac

hing F

ellow

, Bill

of Rig

hts In

stitut

e

Illus

trat

ion

and

Phot

o Cre

dits

Title

The S

igning

of th

e Con

stitut

ion of

the U

nited

State

s in 1

787,

1940

(oi

l on

canv

as), C

hristy

, How

ard C

hand

ler (1

873–

1952

) / H

all o

f Re

presen

tative

s, Wash

ington

D.C.,

USA /

Bridg

eman

Imag

es

Introd

uctio

n, Ca

rd 1

Scott

Hamm

ond

Introd

uctio

n, Ca

rd 2

Scott

Hamm

ond

Introd

uctio

n, Ca

rd 2

Scott

Hamm

ond

ISBN: 978-1-68380-192-4

Introd

uctio

n, Ca

rd 3

Scott

Hamm

ond

Chap

ter 1

Tetra

Imag

es/Su

perSt

ock

Chap

ter 2

Writi

ng e

ssays,

200

9 (w

/c on

pap

er), F

rey, M

atthe

w (b.

1974

) /

Priva

te Co

llecti

on /©

Woo

d Ron

saville

Harl

in, In

c. US

A / B

ridge

man

Imag

es

Chap

ter 4,

Card

1 Po

rtrait

of Ja

mes M

adiso

n, 18

16 (o

il on

canv

as), A

meric

an Sc

hool,

(1

9th ce

ntury)

/ W

hite

Hous

e, Wa

shing

ton D

.C., U

SA /

Photo

©

Grap

hicaA

rtis /

Bridg

eman

Imag

es

Chap

ter 4,

Card

1 Po

rtrait

of

Alexa

nder

Hami

lton

(175

7–18

04)

(oil

on c

anva

s),

Trumb

ull, J

ohn (

1756

–184

3) /

Whit

e Hou

se, W

ashing

ton D.

C., U

SA

/ Brid

gema

n Ima

ges

Chap

ter 4,

Card

1 Gif

t of

Thom

as Jef

ferso

n Co

olidg

e IV

in me

mory

of his

grea

t-gra

ndfat

her,

Thom

as Jef

ferso

n Co

olidg

e, his

gran

dfathe

r, Th

omas

Jef

ferso

n Coo

lidge

II, an

d his

fathe

r, Tho

mas J

effers

on Co

olidg

e III /

Na

tiona

l Gall

ery of

Art

Chap

ter 4,

Card

2 Co

nstitu

tiona

l Con

venti

on (w

/c on

pape

r), Fe

rris, Je

an Le

on G

erome

(1

863–

1930

) / Pr

ivate

Colle

ction

/ Brid

gema

n Ima

ges

Chap

ter 7,

Card

2 Un

iversa

l Imag

es Gr

oup/

Supe

rStoc

k

Chap

ter 7,

Card

3 Du

rga Be

nhard

Chap

ter 9,

Card

1 W

riting

the C

onsti

tution

, 200

9 (w/

c on p

aper)

, Harl

in, Gr

eg (b

.1957

) /

Priva

te Co

llecti

on /

© W

ood R

onsav

ille Ha

rlin, In

c. US

A / Br

idgem

an

Imag

es

Chap

ter 9,

Card

2 Su

perSt

ock /

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rStoc

k

Cre

ativ

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Page 3: The United States Constitution...THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

IntroductionIn 1765, the colonists objected to the British government collecting taxes in the thirteen colonies.

Page 4: The United States Constitution...THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

Introduction

George Washington (left) and Thomas Jefferson (right) participated in the First Continental Congress, in 1774, which sent King George III a list of the colonists’ complaints.

Page 5: The United States Constitution...THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

IntroductionIn 1775, the Second Continental Congress chose George Washington to command the Continental Army during the American Revolution.

Page 6: The United States Constitution...THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

CHAPTER 1: The Idea of Self-Rule In 1776, the Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson, declared the colonies’ separation from Britain and their establishment as “free and independent states.”

Big Question: What does self-government mean, and why was it such a revolutionary idea?

Page 7: The United States Constitution...THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

CHAPTER 2: New Constitutions for the States

Big Question: What is a republic or a republican form of government?

From 1776–1780, each of the thirteen states wrote and adopted its own state constitution.

Page 8: The United States Constitution...THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation

Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

In 1777, the Second Continental Congress approved the Articles of Confederation to form a central government beyond the individual state governments.

Page 9: The United States Constitution...THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

CHAPTER 4: Planning a New Constitution

James Madison (left), Alexander Hamilton (middle), George Washington (right), and others decided that the nation needed a stronger central government.

Big Question: Why did James Madison and Alexander Hamilton think a stronger central government was needed?

Page 10: The United States Constitution...THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

CHAPTER 4: Planning a New Constitution

Big Question: Why did James Madison and Alexander Hamilton think a stronger central government was needed?

In 1787, a convention was held in Philadelphia to reconsider the need for a stronger central government.

Page 11: The United States Constitution...THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

CHAPTER 6: Some Major DecisionsThe convention delegates decided that they should write a new constitution to form a stronger central government.

Big Question: What was the Virginia Plan, and why might some delegates have objected to it?

Page 12: The United States Constitution...THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

The Constitution

Separation of Powers

The Congress• Passes laws • Carries out the laws of Congress

• Suggests new laws• Settles arguments about the law

The President The Supreme Court

We the People of the UnitedStates, in Order to form a moreperfect Union, establish Justice,

insure domestic Tranquility,provide for the common

defence, promote the generalWelfare, and secure the

Blessings of Liberty to ourselvesand our Posterity, do ordain

and establish this Constitutionfor the United States

of America.

CHAPTER 7: Checks, Balances, and Compromises

Big Question: What were the main challenges that had to be overcome in order to create a new constitution?

The new government was organized into three branches of government.

Page 13: The United States Constitution...THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

CHAPTER 7: Checks, Balances, and CompromisesRoger Sherman introduced a plan that shared power between large and small states.

Big Question: What were the main challenges that had to be overcome in order to create a new constitution?

Page 14: The United States Constitution...THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

CHAPTER 7: Checks, Balances, and Compromises

Big Question: What were the main challenges that had to be overcome in order to create a new constitution?

The slave trade continued, even though many people were against slavery.

Page 15: The United States Constitution...THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

CHAPTER 9: The States Ratify

Big Question: Why was it considered essential to have a Bill of Rights added to the U.S. Constitution?

Finally, in 1789, the Constitution was ratified.

Page 16: The United States Constitution...THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 3: The Articles of Confederation Big Question: Why did the lack of a central government prove to be a problem?

THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

CHAPTER 9: The States Ratify

Big Question: Why was it considered essential to have a Bill of Rights added to the U.S. Constitution?

James Madison led the movement to amend the Constitution to include the Bill of Rights, which was ratified in 1791.