reaction kinetics
DESCRIPTION
Reaction KineticsTRANSCRIPT
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Requirements for two components to react with each other:
1. There should be collision between the reactants
2. The activation energy supplied must be sufficient
3. They must be in the correct position or orientation
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Activation Energy
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Requirements for two components to react with each other:
1. There should be collision between the reactants
2. The activation energy supplied must be sufficient
3. They must be in the correct position or orientation
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Activation Energy
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Collision Theory
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Kinetic Energy
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Transition State TheoryTransition State Theory The activated complex is a hypothetical
species lying between reactants and products at a point on the reaction profile called the transition state.
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Catalysis on a SurfaceCatalysis on a Surface
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Enzyme CatalysisEnzyme Catalysis
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E + S ESk1
k-1
ES E + Pk2
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Saturation KineticsSaturation Kinetics
E + S ESk1
k-1
E + Pk2
d[ES]dt
= k2[ES]d[P]
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dt= k1[E][S] k-1[ES] k2[ES]= 0
d[ES]
k1[E][S] = (k-1+k2 )[ES]
[E] = [E]0 [ES]
k1[S]([E]0 [ES]) = (k-1+k2 )[ES]
(k-1+k2 ) + k1[S]k1[E]0 [S][ES] =
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MichaelisMichaelis--MentenMenten
dt=
d[P](k
-1+k2 ) + k1[S]k1k2[E]0 [S]
d[P] k [E] [S] =d[P] k [E]
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dt=
d[P](k
-1+k2 ) + [S]k2[E]0 [S]
k1
dt=
d[P]KM + [S]k2[E]0 [S]
dt= k2[E]0
dt=
d[P]KM
k2 [E]0 [S]
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Types of Ideal Reactors
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Stirred Reactors with Heat Transfer
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Bubble Column Reactors
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Concentration Profiles in Reactors
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Arrhenius PlotArrhenius Plot
N2O5(CCl4) N2O4(CCl4) + O2(g)
= -1.2104 KR
-Ea
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-Ea = 1.0102 kJ mol-1
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Application of A:
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7/10/2012 Servillano Olano, Jr. 28For more details see Levenspiel 3/ed pp109
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Backmix Reactor Plug Flow Reactor/Batch Reactor
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Comparison of Backmix and Plug Flow Reactors
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Reaction behavior in a semi-log plot
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-rA
CA For some isothermal rate equations andTheir integrals, see Table 7-2 & 7-3 P/8ed
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For higher order or complex reactions use graphical method.
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Graphical Method: Series of CSTRs
NOTE: If the number of reactors in the series of CSTRs approachesinfinity, the entire system will behave like a plug flow reactor.
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CSTRs with Unequal Volume. If the volume of the unshaded rectangle is maximum, the sum of
the volumes of the two reactors is minimum.
The concept of Maximization of Rectangles can be applied, i.e., if the slope of the diagonal of the rectangle is equal to the slope of thetangent line of the curve, then maximum area of the rectangle is obtained.
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Discussion of Review Questions and Problems
Next
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Reaction Kinetics Lecture 2012 Part I (1)Reaction Kinetics Lecture 2012 Part IReaction Kinetics Lecture 2012 Part IIReaction Kinetics Lecture 2012 Part III