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Chronicling Latinos’ diverse experience in a changing America
1615 L Street, NW, Suite 700
Washington, DC 20036
202-419-3600(main) 202-419-3608(fax)
www.pewhispanic.org
Changing U.S. Demographics
U.S. Hispanic Population
Four Decades of Growth
14.6
22.4
35.3
50.5
1980 1990 2000 2010
In millions
Source: U.S. Census Bureau.
U.S. Population by Race & Nativity: 2010
Fastest Growth By Hispanics and Asians
Total U.S. Population — 309 million Other,
9.299, 3%
Hispanic
50.5 million
16%
Black*
38 million
12%
Asian*
14 million
5%
White*
197 million
64%
Source: 2010 U.S. Census.
Ethnic Composition of Latinos, 2010
14.3%
1.8%
2.1%
2.8%
3.3%
3.5%
9.2%
63.0%
Other
Colombian - 0.9
Guatemalan - 1.0
Dominican - 1.4
Salvadoran - 1.6
Cuban - 1.8
Puerto Rican - 4.6
Mexican - 31.8
Source: 2010 U.S. Census
Latinos and Identity
Which Term Do You Use
Most Often to Describe Yourself?
Source: 2011 National Survey of Latinos
51%
24%
21%
Family's country of
origin
Hispanic/ Latino
American
Mixed Views about Identity
Source: 2011 National Survey of Latinos
“Hispanic” versus “Latino” Preference
51 33 14
No Preference Hispanic Latino
69 29
U.S. Hispanics have many different cultures U.S. Hispanics share a common culture
26 25 36 10
Some other race Hispanic/Latino (Vol.) White Black/Other
47 47
Typical American Very different from typical American
Views on a Shared Hispanic Culture
Racial Identification among Latinos
Do You Think of Yourself as a Typical American?
(%)
Which Term Do You Use
Most Often to Describe Yourself?
51
62
43
28
24
28
18
21
35
8
21
48
All Hispanics
First
Second
Third and higher
Family's country of origin Hispanic or Latino American
Source: 2011 National Survey of Latinos
Hispanics by generation
(%)
Source: 2011 National Survey of Latinos
63
62
57
54
52
51
51
50
46
43
37
33
28
30
28
30
25
26
24
24
22
19
18
19
16
21
4
8
10
18
19
21
21
24
33
35
40
48
48
Spanish dominant
Foreign born
Less than high school
High school graduate
Mexican origin
Bilingual
All Hispanics
Not Mexican origin
Some college or more
Second generation
Native born
English dominant
Third and higher generation
Country of origin Hispanic/Latino American
Which Term Do You Use Most Often to Describe Yourself? (%)
Source: 2011 National Survey of Latinos
Do You Prefer the Term “Hispanic” or “Latino”? (%)
44
47
47
48
49
50
51
53
55
55
57
58
59
38
36
38
35
36
32
33
36
31
28
25
31
27
16
14
13
15
14
18
14
10
14
17
17
10
13
Less than high school
Spanish dominant
Mexican origin
Foreign born
High school graduate
Bilingual
All Hispanics
Third and higher generation
Native born
Second generation
Not Mexican origin
English dominant
Some college or more
No preference Hispanic Latino
Source: 2011 National Survey of Latinos
Do You Think of Yourself as a Typical American? (%)
31
34
36
45
45
47
49
50
50
54
55
63
66
66
69
70
61
58
54
48
49
47
45
47
44
42
41
34
31
31
27
28
Spanish dominant
Foreign born
Less than high school
Less than $30K
Mexican origin
All Hispanics
Not Mexican origin
High school graduate
Bilingual
Some college or more
$30K to less than $75K
Second generation
Native born
English dominant
Third and higher generation
$75K or more
A typical American Very different from a typical American
Language Use
The Importance of
English and Spanish
Source: 2011 National Survey of Latinos
Do you think adult Hispanic immigrants need to learn English To succeed in the U.S.?
How important is it to you that future generations of Hispanics living In the U.S. be able to speak Spanish?
(%)
87 11
Yes No
95 4
Very/somewhat important Not too/not at all important
Primary Language Use among Latinos
Source: 2011 National Survey of Latinos
(%)
38
61
8
1
38
33
53
29
24
6
40
69
All Hispanics
First
Second
Third and higher
Spanish dominant Bilingual English dominant
Hispanics by generation
When You Listen to Music,
Is It Mostly in Spanish or English?
Source: 2011 National Survey of Latinos
(%)
35
49
18
10
27
31
26
16
36
18
54
74
All Hispanics
First
Second
Third and higher
Mostly in Spanish Both equally (Vol.) Mostly in English
Hispanics by generation
When You Watch Television,
Is It Mostly in Spanish or English?
Source: 2011 National Survey of Latinos
(%)
28
40
12
5
26
34
17
11
45
25
69
83
All Hispanics
First
Second
Third and higher
Mostly in Spanish Both equally (Vol.) Mostly in English
Hispanics by generation
When You Think,
Is It Mostly in Spanish or English?
Source: 2011 National Survey of Latinos
(%)
45
65
18
13
16
18
18
7
37
15
63
80
All Hispanics
First
Second
Third and higher
Mostly in Spanish Both equally (Vol.) Mostly in English
Hispanics by generation
Latinos and
Their Views of the U.S.
Have Latinos Been More, Less or About
Equally as Successful as Other Minority
Groups in the U.S.
Source: 2011 National Survey of Latinos
(%)
55%
22%
17%
About equally
successful
Less successful
More successful
Attitudes about Personal Trust
and Hard Work
Source: 2011 National Survey of Latinos
Would You Say That Most People Can be Trusted or That You Can’t Be too Careful in Dealing with People
Can Most People Get Ahead with Hard Work or Are Hard Work and Determination No Guarantee of Success?
(%)
35
12
61
86
General population
All Hispanics
Can be trusted Can't be too careful
58
75
40
21
General population
All Hispanics
Most can get ahead with hard work
Hard work and determination are no guarantee of success
U.S. Compared to Ancestors’
Country of Origin in Regard to…
Source: 2011 National Survey of Latinos
(%)
87
72
69
44
33
2
10
7
21
39
Treatment of the poor
The moral values of society
The strength of family ties
The opportunity to get ahead
The conditions for raising children
Same Better in the U.S. Better where
you/your parents
10
17
21
32
26
Main Reason for Immigrating to the U.S.
Source: 2011 National Survey of Latinos
(% among foreign born/those born in Puerto Rico)
55
24
9
5
7
Economic opportunities
Family reasons
Educational opportunities
Conflict/persecution in your home country
Other
If You Could Do It Again, Would You …
Source: 2011 National Survey of Latinos
(% among foreign born/those born in Puerto Rico)
79
58
80
82
83
15
33
17
9
12
4
3
3
7
2
All Hispanic immigrants
6-10 years
11-20 years
More than 20 years
Come to the United States/Leave Puerto Rico for the United States
Stay in (the country where you were born/Puerto Rico)
Move to a different country
Years in U.S. among Hispanic Immigrants
Less than 1 year to 5 years
Chronicling Latinos’ diverse experience in a changing America
1615 L Street, NW, Suite 700
Washington, DC 20036
202-419-3600(main) 202-419-3608(fax)
www.pewhispanic.org
Mexican-Born Population
in the U.S., 1850-2011
Source: Pew Hispanic Center
(in millions)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1850 1870 1890 1910 1930 1950 1970 1990 2010 2011
1970
0.8
2011
12.0
2009
12.6