Franklin BobbittFranklin Bobbitt

John DeweyJohn Dewey

Ralph W. tylerRalph W. tyler

Curriculum and instruction Curriculum and instruction

Basic Principles of Basic Principles of

Ralph W. Tyler

The bookis not a text book -- ~ provide comprehensive guidance and reading for a course

is not a manual for curriculum construction --

~describe and outline in detail the steps to be taken...

Outlines one way of viewing an instructional program as a functioning instrument of education.

note : introduction p.53

4 Questions in developing curriculum and planning instruction

What educational purposes should the school seek to attain?

What educational experiences can be provided that are likely to achieve these purposes?

How can these educational experiences be effectively organized ?

How can we determined whether these purposes are being attained?

(p.51)

What educational purposes should the school seek to attain?

★If an educational program is to be planned ...it is very necessary to have some conception of the goals that are being aimed at.

★Educational Objectives become the criteria by which

✴ materials are selected,

✴ content is outlined

✴ instructional procedure are developed

✴ tests and examinations are prepared

(p 52 pg.1)

If we are to study an educational program systematically and

intelligently

we must first be sure as to the Educational Objectives aimed at.

p.52 pg.1

Objectives

Matters of Choice

the considered value judgment

Philosophy

sources of Education objectivesp.52 pg.2...

(How are objectives obtained)

Studies of the Learners Themselves

Studies of Contemporary Life Outside the School

Suggestions About Objectives from Subject Specialists

Controversy between

Essentialists Progressivev.s

Subject Specialists Child Psychologists

The large body of knowledge collected over many thousands of years :

cultural heritage

THE BASIC SOURCES OF EDUCATION OBJECTIVES

Studying the child’s interests, problems,

purposes...

Controversy between

Sociologists Educational Philosophersv.s

Contemporary Society;

THE BASIC SOURCES OF EDUCATION OBJECTIVES

Basic values in life : Transmitted from a

generation to anotherCritical problems of contemporary life

the School to deal with

provides

Attitudes

SkillsKnowledges Educational Philosophy

NO single source of information is adequate to provide a basis for wise & comprehensive

decisions

*******

Objectives

sources of Education objectivesp.52 pg.2...

(How are objectives obtained)

Studies of the Learners Themselves

Studies of Contemporary Life Outside the School

Suggestions About Objectives from Subject Specialists

Studies of the Learners Themselves

Education is a process of changing the

behavior patterns of people

Thinking Overt ActionFeeling

Studies of the Learners Themselves

Studies of the Learners Themselves

What Knowledge Is of Most Worth ?

Contemporary Life Outside the School

the greatly increased body of Knowledge

the advent of Science

the Industrial Revolution

difficulty

Studies of Contemporary Life Outside the Schoolp.54

Arguments for Analyzing Contemporary Life in order to get suggestions for Educational Objectives.

• Contemporary Life is so complex and life is continually changing...do not waste time in learning things 50 years ago important.

Studies of Contemporary Life Outside the Schoolp.54

Arguments for Analyzing Contemporary Life in order to get suggestions for Educational Objectives.

• The belief in transfer of training : using “trained mind” to the conditions...

Life & learning situations

the two situations were obviously alike in many respects

the students was given practices in seeking illustrations in his life outside school for the application of things learned in school.

Essentialists

Contemporary Life Outside the School

The Criticized issues of using

ActivitiesSole Basis

AS SOURCES OF EDUCATION OBJECTIVES

of a

larg

e nu

mbe

rs o

f

peop

le harm

ful

Presentism

Suggestions About Objectives from Subject Specialists

Most common used in typical schools and colleges.

Subject Specialists’ propose are too technical,too specialized; inappropriate for a large number of the school students.

Too specialized for the layman.

too Specialized in objectives lead to the deeper conceptions of the subject fields ????

Suggestions About Objectives from Subject Specialists

•Knowledge

•Skills

•Habits

✴Modes of Thinking

✴Critical Interpretation

✴Emotional Reactions

✴Interests

•Knowledge

•Skills

•Habits

✴Improvement of health practices ; attitudes and knowledges / diseases spread / precautions

✴Use and conservation of natural resources

✴Provision of a satisfying world-picture (relation of man and nature)

Science

Suggestion

...read a report of subject groups , jot down the interpretation then formulate a list of

educational objectives . it is likely to be suggested by various

subject groups from their report...

Thank you for your participation.

BlessingSoontaree,K

Thank you for your participation.

BlessingSoontaree,K

general education