rahul_long span structures
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Long Span Structures
How long is long-span for buildings?
Spans of above 20m are usually difficult to achieve by
ordinary RC structure
Technical considerations of the size of the spansignificantly affect the aesthetic treatment of the building.
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Long Span Structures
History of long span structures?
Pre-industrial age the widest spans were achieved bymasonry vaults or domes.
Development ofreinforced concrete (19th century) Resist tension as well as compression
RCC reduced the section thicknesses than those inmasonry
Development ofFerro-cement eliminated much of the
temporary formwork. Final dome/vault was a composite structure
Compressive form-active structures are also produced inmetal
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Applications/Need for long span structures:
Large amount of people gathering areas
Arena/Stadium Churches
Unobstructed spaces
Factories Theaters
Airports
Large artifact museums
Long Span Structures
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Long Span Structures
Materials for various forms of long span structures
Reinforced concrete (in-situ, precast)
Metals (different forms of steel, aluminum and their alloys)
Timber and laminated timbers Composite - Metal/RC
Fabric materials
Fiber reinforced plastics
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Forms of long span structures:
Arched structures
Dome structures
Cable structures Truss structures
Flat slabs
Folded slabs
Shell structures Pneumatic structures
Long Span Structures
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Long Span Structures
One way to categorize long-span structures:
Form active systems
Vector active systems
Section active systems
Surface active systems
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Form active systems
Flexible, non-rigid, forces
are effected by particular
form
Arch structures
Cable structures
Pneumatic structures
Long Span Structures
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Vector active systems
Short, solid, straight lineal
members, forces are effected
through multidirectional
forces to tension orcompressive elements
Flat trusses
Curved trusses
Space frames
Long Span Structures
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Section active systems
Rigid, solid, linear elements,
forces are effected by
mobilization of sectional
forces
Beam structures
Frame structures
Slab structures
Long Span Structures
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Surface active systems
Flexible/ rigid planes, forces
are effected by mobilization of
sectional forces
Plate structures
Folded structures
Shell structures
Long Span Structures
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Long Span Structures
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Long Span Structures
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Long Span Structures
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Long Span Structures
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Long Span Structures
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Long Span Structures
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Long Span Structures
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Long Span Structures
hy Steel Roofing?
Excellent as a tensile structural member
Good resistance against earthquakes and hurricanes
Fire resistant and non-combustible
Resistant to decay and heavy winds
Provides better indoor air quality (than most materials)
With proper treatment, resistant to moisture, rusting & corrosion.
Durable and offers increased design flexibility
Compatibility with other construction materials
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Long Span Structures
Beam Types
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Long Span Structures
North Light Trusses
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Long Span Structures
Lattice Girders and Gutters
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Long Span Structures
Height : 6m
c/c distance of angle purlins: 1.8m
Slope of the roof : 15 degree
GI sheet roofing
Conventional tube lights used for
artificial lighting, hanged from the
lattice girders.
Joinery of sheeting and purlins with J
- hook
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Fiber glass sheeting used at
intervals in addition to north
light for lighting the
interiors.
GI sheet roofing
Double lattice girders
Long Span Structures
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DETAILS OF
BRACED COLUMNS
Bracket supporting the
aluminium gutter
Rain water
down take pipe
45 degree bracingsystem used for the
stanchion.
Joints welded.
Long Span Structures
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Long Span Structures
Components of a Crane System & GantryGirders
Column or stanchion
Brackets
Gantry/crane girder
Crane runway (rail)
Crane bridge
Trolley/cab
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Long Span Structures
Components of a Crane System & Gantry Girders
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Long Span Structures
Components of a Crane System & Gantry Girders