radiography safety presentation - 2
DESCRIPTION
RADIOGRAPHY SAFETY PPTTRANSCRIPT
TSP HSE DEPARTMENT
RADIOGRAPHY
DANGERRADIOACTIVERADIATION
صدارة Sadara Project مشروع
By: Sadara Polyethylene
TSP HSE DEPARTMENT
• What is radiation?
• The risks associated with its use
• Protection against exposure
• Acceptance Criteria in Welding Radiography
OBJECTIVES
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TSP HSE DEPARTMENT
• RT8S-5060-01 – Radiographic Examination
• A554-O-PRG-CE-SPC-DES-050 -
• ASME SEC V Article 2
• Schedule Q
• ASME B31.3
REFERENCES
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TSP HSE DEPARTMENT
Radiation is all around us. It occurs
naturally or can be produced
artificially. Ex.: light, lasers, the sun, medical x-ray machines, Television and radioactive materials.
Other items that produce radiation are smoke detectors, wicks from Coleman lanterns and some ceramic materials.
Radiation: Is energy emitted from a source in the form of waves or particles, which is transmitted
through the air.
What is it?
TSP HSE DEPARTMENT
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TSP HSE DEPARTMENT
Exposure: A measure of the ionisation produced in air by gamma rays.
Dose: A measure of energy deposited by radiation in a material
(measure of the ionisation produced in air by gamma rays)
or of the relative biological damage produced by that amount
of absorbed radiation.
Acute Dose: A large dose of radiation in a short period of time.
Chronic Dose: A small dose of radiation over a long period of time.
Definitions
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TSP HSE DEPARTMENT
Mechanism of damage: Radiation causes atoms and
molecules to become ionised or excited. It can result
in damage to molecules which regulate vital cell
processes.
Interaction of radiation with matter:
The relative amount of damage to the cell and tissue of a person exposed to radiation depends on the amount of radiation received.
Biological effects depend on dose and time.
Effects on Health
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TSP HSE DEPARTMENT
• Effects of acute high radiation dose can result in everything from disruption of organ functions to death.
• Effect of Chronic or low radiation doses: development of some form of cancer.
• Gamma rays may cause damage to deep-seated organs and tissues
without being in the body. They are internal & external hazard to the
body.
• Gamma rays are high penetrating.
None of the 5 human senses are able to detect ionising radiation.None of the 5 human senses are able to detect ionising radiation.
Effects on Healthصدارة Sadara Project مشروع
You can’t smell it.
You can’t taste it.
You can’t see it.
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You can’t feel it.
You can’t hear it
(At least not yet, if you don’t respect it)
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TSP HSE DEPARTMENT
3 types of effects from ionising radiation3 types of effects from ionising radiation
TSP HSE DEPARTMENT
Exposure to radiation is minimized by applying the principles of external radiation protection also known as the ALARA concept:
As Low As Reasonably Achievable• Keep TIME of exposure to a minimum.
• Maximize the DISTANCE between yourself and the source of radiation as much as possible.
• Keep adequate SHIELDING material between the source of radiation and yourself.
Protection against radiation exposure
REMEMBER Any unnecessary exposure is too much!
RESPECT RADIATION
TSP HSE DEPARTMENT
CONTROLLED AREA
The controlled areas should be cut off by a physical barrier.
Flashing lights should also be used to mark the controlled area
where the work is carried out at night.
Access should be restricted and suitable warning signs displayed.
Protection against exposure
صدارة Sadara Project مشروع
Table 341.3.2 Acceptance Criteria for Welds and Examination Methods for Evaluating Weld Imperfections
THANK YOU